Global Net Lease Inc
For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Feb 27, 2024.
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FY2023 · Filed Feb 27, 2024
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Item 8. Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Global Net Lease, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Global Net Lease, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive loss, of equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, including the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Annual Reporting on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Purchase Price Allocation for Asset Acquisitions and Business Combinations
As described in Notes 2, 3 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, at the time an asset is acquired, management evaluates the inputs, processes and outputs of the asset acquired to determine if the transaction is a business combination or asset acquisition. The Company completed property asset acquisitions with cash paid for acquired real estate investments, net of liabilities assumed, of $134.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Company completed mergers which were accounted for as business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting pursuant to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for total consideration transferred of $2.1 billion as of the acquisition date. For acquired properties with leases classified as operating leases, management allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. Tangible assets may include land, land improvements, buildings, fixtures and tenant improvements on an as-if vacant basis. Management utilizes various estimates, processes, and information to determine the as-if vacant property value. Estimates of value are made by management using customary methods, including data from appraisals, comparable sales, discounted cash flow, direct capitalization and other methods. Fair value estimates are also made using significant assumptions such as capitalization rates, discount rates, market rent, and land values per square foot. Intangible assets may include the value of in-place leases, and above- and below- market leases and other identifiable assets or liabilities based on lease or property specific characteristics. Above-market and below-market lease values for acquired properties are initially recorded based on the present value (using a discount rate which reflects the risks associated with the leases acquired) of the difference between (i) the contractual amounts to be paid pursuant to each in-place lease, and (ii) management’s estimate of market rent for each corresponding in-place lease, measured over a period equal to the remaining term of the lease for above-market leases and the remaining initial term plus the term of any below-market fixed rate renewal options for below-market leases.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the purchase price allocation for asset acquisitions and business combinations is a critical audit matter are the (i) significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimates of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s discounted cash flow and direct capitalization methods, and significant assumptions related to capitalization rates, discount rates, market rent, and land values per square foot; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to purchase price allocations for asset acquisitions and business combinations, including controls over management’s valuation of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. These procedures also included, among others (i) reading the executed purchase agreements, merger agreements and lease documents; (ii) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimates of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed; (iii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow and direct capitalization methods; (iv) testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow and direct capitalization methods; (v) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to capitalization rates, discount rates, market rent, and land values per square foot. Evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions related to capitalization rates, discount rates, market rent, and land values per square foot involved considering (i) the consistency with external market data and comparable transactions and (ii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating (i) the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow and direct capitalization methods used to develop the fair value estimates of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed and (ii) the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to capitalization rates, discount rates, market rent, and land values per square foot.
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
February 27, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015.
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