Kosmos Energy Ltd.
For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Mar 2, 2026.
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FY2025 · Filed Mar 2, 2026
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Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Kosmos Energy Ltd.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Kosmos Energy Ltd. (the Company) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated March 2, 2026 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company‘s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company‘s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
| Depletion of Oil and gas properties, net and impairment of long-lived assets | |
| Description of the Matter | At December 31, 2025, the net book value of the Company’s oil and gas properties, net was $3.7 billion, and depletion expense and impairment of long-lived assets were $517.1 million and $177.6 million, respectively for the year then ended. As described in Note 2, the Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for its oil and gas properties. Proved properties and support equipment and facilities are depleted using the unit-of-production method based on estimated proved oil and gas reserves. The Company reviews their long-lived assets for impairment when changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. For long-lived assets whereby the carrying value exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flows, the carrying amount is reduced to fair value. The expected future cash flows used for impairment reviews and related fair value measurements are typically based on judgmental assessments of future production, among others.Proved reserve quantities and future cash flows are estimated by independent petroleum engineering consultants and prepared in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC and the FASB. The accuracy of these reserve estimates is a function of (i) the engineering and geological interpretation of available data, (ii) estimates of the amount and timing of future operating cost, production taxes, development cost and workover cost, (iii) the accuracy of various mandated economic assumptions, and (iv) the judgments of the persons preparing the estimates.The Company’s depletion expense and impairment of long-lived asset calculations include (i) subjective judgments by the Company’s independent petroleum engineering consultants when developing the estimates of proved oil and gas reserve volumes, and(ii) a high degree of auditor judgment in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence related to the methods and assumptions used by the Company’s independent petroleum engineering consultants in developing the estimates of proved oil and gas reserve volumes. |
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| How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit | We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of internal controls that address the risk of material misstatement relating to depletion expense and impairment of long-lived assets. This included internal controls over the completeness and accuracy of the historical production volumes provided to the independent petroleum engineering consultants for use in estimating the proved oil and gas reserves.Our audit procedures included, among others, evaluating the methods and assumptions used by the independent petroleum engineering consultants, testing the completeness and accuracy of the data related to historical production volumes, and evaluating the professional qualifications and objectivity of the independent petroleum engineering consultants used to prepare the estimate of proved oil and gas reserves. |
/s/Ernst & Young LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004.
Dallas, Texas
March 2, 2026
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Kosmos Energy Ltd.
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Kosmos Energy Ltd.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Kosmos Energy Ltd. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a) and our report dated March 2, 2026 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Dallas, Texas
March 2, 2026
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