Summit Hotel Properties Inc

SUMMIT HOTEL PROPERTIES, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 -DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

General

Summit Hotel Properties, Inc. (the “Company”) is a self-managed lodging property investment company that was organized on June 30, 2010 as a Maryland corporation. The Company holds both general and limited partnership interests in Summit Hotel OP, LP (the “Operating Partnership”), a Delaware limited partnership also organized on June 30, 2010. Unless the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries.

We focus on owning lodging properties with efficient operating models that generate strong margins and investment returns. At March 31, 2024, our portfolio consisted of 99 lodging properties with a total of 14,785 guestrooms located in 24 states. At March 31, 2024, we own 100% of the outstanding equity interests in 56 of our 99 lodging properties. We own a 51% controlling interest in 40 lodging properties through a joint venture that was formed in July 2019 with USFI G-Peak, Ltd. ("GIC"), a private limited company incorporated in the Republic of Singapore (the "GIC Joint Venture"). We also own 90% equity interests intwo separate joint ventures (the "Brickell Joint Venture" and the "Onera Joint Venture"). The Brickell Joint Venture ownstwo lodging properties, and the Onera Joint Venture ownsone lodging property.

As of March 31, 2024,85% of our guestrooms were located in the top 50 metropolitan statistical areas (“MSAs”),90% were located within the top 100 MSAs and over 99% of our guestrooms operated under premium franchise brands owned by Marriott® International, Inc. (“Marriott”), Hilton® Worldwide (“Hilton”), Hyatt® Hotels Corporation (“Hyatt”), and InterContinental® Hotels Group (“IHG”).

Substantially all of our assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted through, the Operating Partnership. Through a wholly-owned subsidiary, we are the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership. At March 31, 2024, we owned, directly and indirectly, approximately 87% of the Operating Partnership’s issued and outstanding common units of limited partnership interest (“Common Units”), and all of the Operating Partnership’s issued and outstanding 6.25% Series E and 5.875% Series F preferred units of limited partnership interest. NewcrestImage (as defined in Note 4 - Debt to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) owns all of the issued and outstanding 5.25% Series Z Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Units (liquidation preference $25 per unit) of the Operating Partnership ("Series Z Preferred Units"), as a result of the NCI Transaction (described in Note 4 - Debt to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements). We collectively refer to preferred units of limited partnership interests of our Operating Partnership as "Preferred Units".

Pursuant to the Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement, we have full, exclusive and complete responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership, including the ability to cause the Operating Partnership to enter into certain major transactions including acquisitions, dispositions and refinancings, to make distributions to partners and to cause changes in the Operating Partnership’s business activities.

We have elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. To qualify as a REIT, we cannot operate or manage our lodging properties. Accordingly, all of our lodging properties are leased to our taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS Lessees” or "TRSs") and managed by professional third-party management companies.

NOTE 2 -BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

We prepare our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses in the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. As interim statements, the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) considered necessary for a fair presentation in accordance with GAAP have been included. Results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year of 2024. For further information, please read the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements consolidate the accounts of all entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, as well as variable interest entities, if any, for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

We evaluate joint venture partnerships to determine if they should be consolidated based on whether the partners exercise joint control. For a joint venture where we exercise primary control and we also own a majority of the equity interests, we consolidate the joint venture partnership. We have consolidated the accounts of all of our joint venture partnerships in our accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Use of Estimates

Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP, which requires us to make estimates based on assumptions about current and, for some estimates, future economic and market conditions that affect reported amounts and related disclosures in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Although our current estimates contemplate current and expected future conditions, as applicable, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could significantly differ from our expectations, which could materially affect our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Trade Receivables and Current Estimate of Credit Losses

We grant credit to qualified guests, generally without collateral, in the form of trade accounts receivable. Trade receivables result from the rental of guestrooms and the sales of food, beverage, and banquet services and are payable under normal trade terms. Trade receivables also include credit and debit card transactions that are in the process of being settled. Trade receivables are stated at the amount billed to the guest and do not accrue interest. We regularly review the collectability of our trade receivables. A provision for losses is determined on the basis of previous loss experience and current economic conditions. Our allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.1 million at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Bad debt expense was $0.1 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Investments in Lodging Property, net

The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired lodging properties based on the relative fair values of the acquired land, land improvements, building, furniture, fixtures and equipment, identifiable intangible assets or liabilities, other assets, and assumed liabilities. Intangible assets may include certain value associated with the on-going operations of the lodging business being acquired as part of the property acquisition. Acquired intangible assets that derive their values from real property, or an interest in real property, are inseparable from that real property or interest in real property, do not produce or contribute to the production of income other than consideration for the use or occupancy of space, and are recorded as a component of the related real estate asset in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We allocate the purchase price of acquired lodging properties to land, building and furniture, fixtures and equipment based on independent third-party appraisals.

Our lodging properties and related assets are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. We capitalize development costs and the costs of significant additions and improvements that materially upgrade, increase the value or extend the useful life of the property. These costs may include development, refurbishment, renovation, and remodeling expenditures, as well as certain indirect internal costs related to construction projects. If an asset requires a period of time in which to carry out the activities necessary to bring it to the condition necessary for its intended use, the interest cost incurred during that period as a result of expenditures for the asset is capitalized as part of the cost of the asset. We expense the cost of repairs and maintenance as incurred.

We generally depreciate our lodging properties and related assets using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows:

We periodically re-evaluate asset lives based on current assessments of remaining utilization, which may result in changes in estimated useful lives. Such changes are accounted for prospectively and will increase or decrease future depreciation expense.

When depreciable property and equipment is retired or disposed, the related costs and accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and any gain or loss is reflected in current operations.

On a limited basis, we provide financing to developers of lodging properties for development projects. We evaluate these arrangements to determine if we participate in residual profits of the lodging property through the loan provisions or other agreements. Where we conclude that these arrangements are more appropriately treated as an investment in the real property, we reflect the loan in Investments in lodging property, net in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We monitor events and changes in circumstances for indicators that the carrying value of a lodging property or undeveloped land may be impaired. Additionally, we perform at least annual reviews to monitor the factors that could trigger an impairment. Factors that we consider for an impairment analysis include, among others: i) significant underperformance relative to historical or anticipated operating results, ii) significant changes in the manner of use of a property or the strategy of our overall business, including changes in the estimated holding periods for lodging properties and land parcels, iii) a significant increase in competition, iv) a significant adverse change in legal factors or regulations, v) changes in values of comparable land or lodging property sales, vi) significant negative industry or economic trends, and fair value less costs to sell of lodging properties held for sale relative to the contractual selling price. When such factors are identified, we prepare an estimate of the undiscounted future cash flows of the specific property and determine if the carrying amount of the asset is recoverable. If the carrying amount of the asset is not recoverable, we estimate the fair value of the property based on discounted cash flows or sales price if the property is under contract and an adjustment is made to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated net fair value.

Segment Disclosure

Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 280, Segment Reporting, establishes standards for reporting financial and descriptive information about an enterprise’s reportable segments. We have determined that we haveone reportable operating segment for activities related to investing in real estate; thus, all required financial segment information is included in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as a single operating segment because all of our lodging properties have similar economic characteristics, facilities, and services.

Exchange or Modification of Debt

We consider modifications or exchanges of debt as extinguishments in accordance with ASC No. 470, Debt, with gains or losses recognized in current earnings if the terms of the new debt and original instrument are substantially different. If the original and new debt instruments are substantially different, the original debt is derecognized and the new debt is initially recorded at fair value, with the difference recognized as an extinguishment gain or loss. Under an exchange or modification accounted for as a debt extinguishment, fees paid to the lenders are included in the gain or loss on extinguishment of debt. Costs incurred with third parties, such as legal fees, directly related to the exchange or modification are capitalized as deferred financing costs and amortized over the initial term of the new debt. Previously deferred fees and costs for existing debt are included in the calculation of gain or loss. Under an exchange or modification not accounted for as a debt extinguishment, fees paid to the lenders are reflected as additional debt discount and amortized as non-cash interest expense over the remaining initial term of the exchanged or modified debt. Furthermore, costs incurred with third parties, such as legal fees, directly related to the exchange or modification are expensed as incurred. Additionally, previously deferred fees and costs are amortized as non-cash interest expense over the remaining initial term of the exchanged or modified debt.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. We apply the two-class method of computing EPS, which requires the calculation of separate EPS amounts for participating securities. Under the two-class computation method, net losses are not allocated to participating securities unless the holder of the security has a contractual obligation to share in the losses. Any anti-dilutive securities are excluded from the basic per-share calculation.

Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income (loss) available to common stockholders, as adjusted for dilutive securities, by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus dilutive securities. Any anti-dilutive securities are excluded from the diluted per-share calculation. Potentially dilutive shares include unvested restricted share grants, unvested performance share grants, shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible debt and shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of Common Units of our Operating Partnership.

Basic and diluted loss per share for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are calculated as Net loss attributable to common stockholders for each respective period divided by weighted average common shares outstanding for each respective period as all other securities are antidilutive.

New Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280). ASU 2023-07 will improve financial reporting by requiring disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis for all public entities to enable investors to develop more decision-useful financial analyses. Although we operate only a single segment, ASU 2023-07 will require us to adhere to all disclosure requirements of the pronouncement which includes among other things, disclosures related to our chief operating decision maker. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 will not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 includes amendments that further enhance income tax disclosures, primarily through standardization and disaggregation of rate reconciliation categories and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted for annual financial statements that have not yet been issued or made available for issuance. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 will not have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTE 3 -INVESTMENTS IN LODGING PROPERTY, NET

Investments in Lodging Property, net

Investments in lodging property, net is as follows (in thousands):

Depreciation and amortization expense related to our lodging properties (excluding amortization of franchise fees) was $36.6 million, and $36.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Lodging Property Sales

In February 2024, we completed the sale of the 127-guestroom Hyatt Place - Dallas (Plano), TX for $10.3 million. At December 31, 2023, we classified the property as Assets held for sale, net. We recorded a nominal gain on the sale during the three months ended March 31, 2024 upon closing the transaction.

During the first quarter of 2024, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with a single buyer to sell the 202-guestroom Courtyard by Marriott and the 208-guestroom SpringHill Suites, both located in New Orleans, LA, for an aggregate selling price of $73.0 million. The properties were recorded as Assets held for sale, net at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. We closed on the sale of these properties on April 17, 2024 in accordance with the expected terms of the transaction, which resulted in a gain of approximately $28.0 million that will be recorded in the second quarter of 2024. The sale will result in the return of approximately $2.6 million of restricted cash to us related to reserves for furniture, fixtures and equipment. Net proceeds from the sale were used to repay the outstanding $55.0 million balance on our $400 Million Revolver (defined in "Note 5 - Debt" below) subsequent to quarter end.

Additionally, during the first quarter of 2024, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell the 119-guestroom Hilton Garden Inn - Bryan (College Station), TX for $11.0 million. The property was recorded as Assets held for sale, net at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. We closed on the sale of this lodging property on April 25, 2024 in accordance with the expected terms of the transaction. The net selling price of the lodging property was consistent with its net book value on the closing date. Net proceeds from the sale were used to repay $6.0 million of the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan (defined in "Note 5 - Debt" below) subsequent to quarter end.

Assets Held for Sale, net

Assets held for sale, net is as follows (in thousands):

The parcel of undeveloped land in San Antonio, TX is currently under contract to sell and the sale is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets, net is as follows (in thousands):

We recorded amortization expense related to intangible assets of approximately $1.0 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Future amortization expense related to intangible assets is as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 4 —INVESTMENT IN REAL ESTATE LOANS

Real Estate Development Loans

Onera Mezzanine Financing Loan

In January 2023, we entered into an agreement with affiliates of Onera Opportunity Fund I, LP ("Onera") to provide a mezzanine financing loan of $4.6 million (the "Onera Mezzanine Loan") for the development of a glamping property. The Onera Mezzanine Loan is secured by a second mortgage on the property and is subordinate to the senior lender for the development project. The loan matures 24 months from the closing date of the transaction and may be extended for an additional 12 months at the borrower's option. Additionally, we issued a $3.0 million letter of credit to the senior lender of the project as additional support for Onera's construction loan. We also have an option to purchase 90% of the equity of the entity that owns the development property upon completion of construction or at theone-year anniversary of such completion at a pre-determined price (the "Onera Purchase Option"). The development is expected to be completed in the second half of 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we have funded our entire $4.6 million commitment under the mezzanine financing loan. The balance of the Onera Mezzanine Loan is recorded net of the unamortized discount related to the carrying amount of the Onera Purchase Option of $0.3 million and $0.4 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and is classified as Investments in lodging property, net in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We recorded the Onera Purchase Option related to the Onera Mezzanine Loan in Other assets and as a contra-asset to Investments in lodging property, net at its estimated fair value of $0.9 million on the transaction date using the Black-Scholes model. The recorded amount of the Onera Purchase Option is being amortized over the term of the Onera Mezzanine Loan using the straight-line method, which approximates the interest method, as non-cash interest income. For each of the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, we amortized $0.1 million of the carrying amount of the Onera Purchase Option as non-cash interest income.

Our estimate of the fair value of the Onera Purchase Option under the Black-Scholes model requires judgment and estimates primarily related to the volatility of our stock price and expected levels of future dividends on our common stock.

NOTE 5 -DEBT

At March 31, 2023, our indebtedness was comprised of borrowings under our 2023 Senior Credit Facility (as defined below), the 2024 Term Loan (as defined below), the GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility (as defined below), the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan (as defined below), the PACE Loan (as defined below), the Brickell Mortgage Loan (as defined below), the Convertible Notes (as defined below), and other indebtedness secured by first priority mortgage liens on various lodging properties. The weighted-average interest rate, after giving effect to our interest rate derivatives, for all borrowings was 5.35% at March 31, 2024 and 5.31% at December 31, 2023. There are currently no defaults under any of the Company's loan agreements.

Debt, net of debt issuance costs, is as follows (in thousands):

We have entered into interest rate swaps to fix the interest rates on a portion of our variable interest rate indebtedness. In January 2024, subsidiaries of the GIC Joint Venture that are the borrowers under the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan entered into a $100.0 million interest rate swap to fix the one-month term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) until January 2026. The interest rate swap has an effective date of October 1, 2024 and a termination date of January 13, 2026. Pursuant to the interest rate swaps, we will pay a fixed rate of 3.77% and receive the one-month term SOFR floating rate index. See"Note 7 - Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging" to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Our total fixed-rate and variable-rate debt, after consideration of our interest rate derivative agreements that are currently in effect, is as follows (in thousands):

(1) At March 31, 2024, debt related to our wholly-owned properties and our pro rata share of joint venture debt has a fixed-rate debt ratio of approximately 73% of our total pro rata indebtedness when taking into consideration interest rate swaps. In April 2024, after repayment of the outstanding $55.0 million balance of our $400 Million Revolver from the proceeds of the sale of a portfolio oftwo lodging properties in New Orleans, LA and a $6.0 million paydown to the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan from the proceeds of the sale of the Hilton Garden Inn - Bryan (College Station), TX, debt related to our wholly-owned properties and our pro rata share of joint venture debt has a fixed-rate debt ratio of approximately 77% of our total pro rata indebtedness when taking into consideration interest rate swaps.

Information about the fair value of our fixed-rate debt that is not recorded at fair value is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Detailed information about our gross debt at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1) The 2023 Senior Credit and Term Loan Facility is supported by a borrowing base of 52 unencumbered hotel properties.

(2) The Bank of Cascades mortgage loan is comprised oftwo promissory notes that are secured by the same collateral and have cross-default provisions.

(3) The $125 Million Revolver and the $75 Million Term Loan are secured by pledges of the equity in the entities and affiliated entities that own 13 lodging properties.

(4) The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan is secured by pledges of the equity in the entities and affiliated entities that own 26 lodging properties.

$600 Million Senior Credit and Term Loan Facility

In June 2023, the Operating Partnership, as borrower, the Company, as parent guarantor, and each party executing the loan documentation as a subsidiary guarantor, entered into an amended and restated $600.0 million senior credit facility (the “2023 Senior Credit Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A., as successor administrative agent, and a syndicate of lenders. The 2023 Senior Credit Facility is comprised of a $400.0 million revolver (the "$400 Million Revolver") and a $200.0 million term loan facility (the “$200 Million Term Loan”). The 2023 Senior Credit Facility has an accordion feature which allows the Company to increase the total commitments by an aggregate of up to $300.0 million.

At March 31, 2024, our $200 Million Term Loan was fully funded, and our $400 Million Revolver had $55.0 million in outstanding borrowings. Borrowings under the 2023 Senior Credit Facility are limited by the value of the Unencumbered Properties (as defined below). We repaid the $55.0 million outstanding balance of the $400 Million Revolver in April 2024 with the net proceeds from the sale oftwo lodging properties located in New Orleans, LA.

The $400 Million Revolver has a maturity date of June 2027, which may be extended by the Company for up totwo consecutivesix-month periods, subject to certain conditions and the $200 Term Loan has a maturity date of June 2026, which may be extended by the Company for up totwo consecutive 12-month periods, subject to certain conditions.

The 2023 Senior Credit Facility bears interest at SOFR. The interest rate on the $400 Million Revolver is based on the higher of (i) a pricing grid ranging from 140 basis points to 240 basis points plus Adjusted Daily SOFR or Adjusted Term SOFR, depending on the Company's leverage ratio (as defined in the loan documents); and (ii) a pricing grid ranging from 40 basis points to 140 basis points over the Base Rate, depending on the Company's leverage ratio (as defined in the credit agreements governing the 2023 Senior Credit Facility).

The interest rate on the $200 Million Term Loan is based on the higher of (i) a pricing grid ranging from 135 basis points to 235 basis points plus Adjusted Daily SOFR or Adjusted Term SOFR, depending on the Company's leverage ratio (as defined in the loan documents); and (ii) a pricing grid ranging from 35 basis points to 135 basis points over the Base Rate, depending on the Company's leverage ratio (as defined in the loan documents).

Term SOFR will be available for one, three and six-month interest periods. The Base Rate is a fluctuating rate of interest per annum equal to the highest of (a) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (b) the rate of interest in effect for such day as publicly announced by Bank of America as its “prime rate,” (c) SOFR published on such day on the Federal Reserve Bank of New York’s website (or any successor source) plus 1.00% and (d)1.00%. For purposes of the 2023 Senior Credit Facility, SOFR is subject to a floor ofzero basis points.

We are also required to pay an unused fee (“Unused Fee”) on the undrawn portion of the $400 Million Revolver. The Unused Fee is calculated on a daily basis on the unused amount of the $400 Million Revolver multiplied by (i)0.25% per annum in the event that Revolver usage is greater than 50%, and (ii)0.20% per annum in the event that Revolver usage is equal to or less than 50%. The Unused Fee is payable quarterly in arrears and on the final maturity date of the $400 Million Revolver.

2024 Term Loan

In February 2024, our Operating Partnership, as borrower, the Company, as parent guarantor, and each party executing the term loan document as a subsidiary guarantor, entered into a $200 million senior unsecured term loan financing (the “2024 Term Loan”). Proceeds from the 2024 Term Loan financing and advances on our $400 Million Revolver were used to repay in full the Company’s $225 million term loan that was scheduled to mature in February 2025.

The 2024 Term Loan has an initial maturity date of February 2027 and can be extended fortwo 12-month periods by the Company, subject to certain conditions. At March 31, 2024, the 2024 Term Loan was fully funded.

We pay interest on advances at varying rates, based upon, at our option, either (i) daily, 1-, 3-, or 6-month SOFR (subject to a floor of 35 basis points), plus a SOFR adjustment equal to 10 basis points and an applicable margin between 135 and 235 basis points, depending upon our leverage ratio (as defined in the loan documents). We are required to pay other fees, including arrangement and administrative fees.

Financial and Other Covenants. We are required to comply with various financial and other covenants to draw and maintain borrowings under the 2024 Term Loan.

Convertible Senior Notes and Capped Call Options

In January 2021, we entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Convertible Notes Offering”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer and sell an aggregate of $287.5 million of 1.50% convertible senior notes due in 2026 (the “Convertible Notes"). The net proceeds from the Convertible Notes Offering, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by the Company (including net proceeds from the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option to purchase additional Convertible Notes), were approximately $280.0 million before consideration of the Capped Call Transactions (as described below). These proceeds were used to pay the cost of the Capped Call Transactions and to partially repay outstanding obligations under our senior credit facility that was replaced by the 2023 Senior Credit Facility and another term loan.

The Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.50% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year, beginning on August 15, 2021. The Convertible Notes will mature on February 15, 2026 (the “Maturity Date”), unless earlier converted, purchased, or redeemed. Prior to August 15, 2025, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only upon certain circumstances and during certain periods. On or after August 15, 2025 and through the Maturity Date, holders may convert any of their Convertible Notes into shares of the Company’s common stock, at the applicable conversion rate, unless the Convertible Notes have been previously purchased or redeemed by the Company. The Company recorded interest expense of $1.1 million for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company incurred debt issuance costs related to the Convertible Notes Offering of $7.6 million of which $0.4 million was amortized as non-cash interest expense for each of the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. Including the amortization of the debt issuance costs, the effective interest rate on the Convertible Notes was approximately 2.00% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The unamortized discount related to the Convertible Notes was $2.8 million and $3.2 million at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The initial conversion rate of the Convertible Notes is 83.4028 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of $11.99 per share of common stock based on the 37.5% base conversion premium on the reference price of $8.72 per share. In no event will the conversion rate exceed 114.6788 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes, subject to certain adjustments defined in the Convertible Notes Offering. Commensurate with the declaration of dividends and distributions on our common stock and Common Units, respectively, on January 25, 2024, the conversion rate of the Convertible Notes was adjusted to 87.92 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes.

On January 7, 2021, in connection with the pricing of the Convertible Notes, and on January 8, 2021, in connection with the full exercise by the Underwriters of their option to purchase additional Convertible Notes pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement, the Company entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Call Transactions”) with certain of the underwriters or their respective affiliates and another financial institution (the “Capped Call Counterparties”). The Capped Call Transactions initially cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Convertible Notes, the number of shares of common stock underlying the Convertible Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are generally expected to reduce the potential dilution to holders of shares of common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes or offset the potential cash payments that the Company could be required to make in excess of the principal amount of any converted Convertible Notes upon conversion thereof, with such reduction or offset subject to a cap.

The effective strike price of the Capped Call Transactions was initially $15.26, which represented a premium of 75.0% over the last reported sale price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on January 7, 2021 and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Call transactions. The current strike price is $14.48 due to the adjustments related to the dividends paid during the period that the Capped Call securities have been outstanding.

Mortgage Loans

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had mortgage loans totaling $122.8 million and $123.3 million, respectively, that are secured primarily by first mortgage liens oneight lodging properties.

Metabank Loan

In June 2017, Summit Meta 2017, LLC (“SM-17”), a subsidiary of our Operating Partnership, entered into a $47.6 million secured, non-recourse loan with MetaBank (the "MetaBank Loan"). The MetaBank Loan provides for a fixed interest rate of 4.44%, amortizes over 25 years, and matures on July 1, 2027. The MetaBank Loan is secured bythree lodging properties and is subject to a prepayment penalty if prepaid prior to April 1, 2027. In or around December 2021, MetaBank sold the MetaBank Loan to Bayside MB CRE Loans, LLC (“Bayside”). In October 2022, SM-17 received a letter from Bayside’s counsel alleging various events of default under the MetaBank Loan, primarily related to certain non-monetary covenants. SM-17 engaged legal counsel which sent a written response to Bayside disputing that any events of default have occurred. In April 2023 and September 2023, SM-17 received additional letters from Bayside's counsel reasserting their allegations of default. SM-17 continues to dispute that any events of default have occurred.

GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility

In October 2019, Summit JV MR 1, LLC (the “Borrower”), as borrower, and Summit Hospitality JV, LP (the “Parent” or "GIC Joint Venture"), as parent of the Borrower, and each party executing the credit facility documentation as a subsidiary guarantor, entered into a $200.0 million credit facility (the “GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and sole initial lender, and BofA Securities, Inc., as sole lead arranger and sole bookrunner. The Operating Partnership and the Company are not borrowers or guarantors of the GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility. The GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility is guaranteed by all of the Borrower’s existing and future subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility is comprised of a $125.0 million revolving credit facility (the “$125 Million Revolver”) and a $75.0 million term loan (the “$75 Million Term Loan”). The GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility has an accordion feature which allows us to increase the total commitments by up to $300.0 million, for aggregate potential borrowings of up to $500.0 million. At March 31, 2024, we had $125.0 million outstanding under the $125 Million Revolver.

Amendments to the $200 million GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility

In February 2023, the Borrower entered into the Fifth Amendment to Credit Agreement to, among other things, convert the reference rate used in interest rate calculations from the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") to adjusted term or daily SOFR (using a 10-basis point credit spread adjustment), with Borrower's option to borrow base rate advances, term SOFR advances or daily SOFR advances.

In September 2023, the GIC Joint Venture entered into an amendment to the GIC Joint Venture Credit Facility (the "GIC Joint Venture Credit Amendment"). The GIC Joint Venture Credit Amendment extends the maturity of the $125 Million Revolver and the $75 Million Term Loan to September 2027, which may be extended by the Company for a single twelve-month period, subject to certain conditions.

The interest rate on the $125 Million Revolver is unchanged and is based on the higher of the following:

i. Daily SOFR or Term SOFR (1-month or 3-month), plus a SOFR adjustment of 0.10%, plus a margin of 2.15%, or,

ii. the applicable base rate, which is the greatest of the administrative agent’s prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and 1-month Term SOFR plus 1.00%, plus a base rate margin of 1.15%.

The interest rate on the $75 Million Term Loan isfive basis points less than the interest rate on the $125 Million Revolver referenced above.

In addition, on a quarterly basis, we are required to pay a fee on the unused portion of the Credit Facility equal to the unused amount multiplied by an annual rate of 0.25% of the average unused amount of the Credit Facility. We are also required to pay other fees, including customary arrangement and administrative fees.

The GIC Joint Venture Credit Amendment requires the GIC Joint Venture and certain subsidiaries to pledge to the secured parties all of the equity interests in the entities that own the 13 properties included in the borrowing base assets, the related TRS entities that lease each of the borrowing base assets, and all other subsidiaries of the borrower and the subsidiary guarantors, subject to certain exceptions.

GIC Joint Venture Term Loan

In January and March 2022, the Operating Partnership and the GIC Joint Venture closed on a transaction with NewcrestImage Holdings, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and NewcrestImage Holdings II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (together, “NewcrestImage”), to acquire a portfolio of 27 lodging properties, containing an aggregate of 3,709 guestrooms, andtwo parking structures, containing 1,002 spaces and various financial incentives for an aggregate purchase price of $822.0 million (the "NCI Transaction"). In connection with the NCI Transaction, in January 2022, Summit JV MR 2, LLC, Summit JV MR 3, LLC and Summit NCI NOLA BR 184, LLC (each of which is a subsidiary of the GIC Joint Venture, and are collectively, the “Term Loan Borrower”), the GIC Joint Venture, as parent guarantor, and each party executing the credit facility documentation as a subsidiary guarantor, entered into a $410.0 million senior secured term loan facility (the “GIC Joint Venture Term Loan”) with Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent and initial lender, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as syndication agent and an initial lender, and BofA Securities, Inc. and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners.

Neither the Operating Partnership nor the Company are borrowers or guarantors of the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan. The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan is guaranteed by the GIC Joint Venture and all of the Term Loan Borrower's existing and future subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan has an accordion feature that permits an increase in the total commitments by up to $190.0 million, for aggregate potential borrowings of up to $600.0 million. The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan will mature on January 13, 2026 and can be extended for onetwelve-month period at the option of the GIC Joint Venture, subject to certain conditions.

As of March 31, 2024, we had $402.0 million outstanding on the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan bearing interest at a floating rate of SOFR plus 2.75%. In April 2024, we repaid $6.0 million of the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan from the net proceeds of sale of the Hilton Garden Inn - Bryan (College Station), TX.

The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan is secured primarily by a first priority pledge of the Term Loan Borrower's equity interests in the subsidiaries that hold a direct or indirect interest in 26 of the lodging properties andtwo parking facilities at March 31, 2024 purchased in the NCI Transaction that constitute borrowing base assets. The GIC Joint Venture Term Loan contains terms, conditions, and covenants typical for similar credit facilities.

PACE Loan

As part of the NCI Transaction, a subsidiary of the GIC Joint Venture assumed a Property Assessed Clean Energy ("PACE") loan of approximately $6.5 million. The loan bears fixed interest at 6.10%, has an amortization period of 20 years, and matures on July 31, 2040. The PACE loan is secured by an assessment lien imposed by the County of Tarrant, TX for the benefit of the lender. As of March 31, 2024, the outstanding balance of the PACE loan was $6.0 million.

Brickell Mortgage Loan

In June 2022, the Company entered into a joint venture (the "Brickell Joint Venture") with C-F Brickell, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("C-F Brickell") that was the developer of the AC Hotel by Marriott and Element Miami Brickell Hotel in Miami, FL (the "AC/Element Hotel"), to facilitate the exercise of our purchase option to acquire a 90% equity interest in the Brickell Joint Venture (the "Initial Purchase Option"), which owned a 100% interest in the AC/Element Hotel. In June 2022, the Brickell Joint Venture entered into a $47.0 million mortgage loan and non-recourse guaranty with City National Bank of Florida (the "Brickell Mortgage Loan") to finance the AC/Element Hotel. The Brickell Mortgage Loan provided for an interest rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus 300 basis points through June 30, 2023. Effective July 1, 2023, the interest rate for the Brickell Mortgage Loan was converted to one-month SOFR plus 300 basis points.

Payment terms include an interest-only period through June 30, 2024 and the loan will amortize based on a 25-year schedule from July 1, 2024 through the maturity date of June 30, 2025. The Brickell Mortgage Loan is prepayable at any time without penalty.

Financial Guarantee

In January 2023, we issued a $3.0 million letter of credit to the senior lender of a glamping project for which we provided the Onera Mezzanine Loan as additional credit support on behalf of the developer. We recorded the non-contingent portion of financial guarantee as a liability of $0.2 million on the transaction date, which is the premium receivable for the guarantee payable to us by the borrower. The liability is being amortized using the straight-line method into interest income over the term of the letter of credit and is recorded in Accrued expenses and other in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Currently, payment under the contingent portion of the guarantee is not probable nor reasonably estimable. Therefore, no liability for the contingent portion of the guarantee is recorded at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

NOTE 6 -LEASES

The Company has operating leases related to the land under certain lodging properties, conference centers, parking spaces, automobiles, our corporate office, and miscellaneous office equipment. These leases have remaining terms ofone year to 74.3 years, some of which include options to extend the leases for additional years. The exercise of lease renewal options is at our sole discretion. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the weighted-average operating lease term was approximately 32.2 years. Certain leases also include options to purchase the leased property. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our weighted-average incremental borrowing rate for leases was 4.8%.

Certain of our lease agreements include rental payments based on a percentage of revenue over contractual levels and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants that materially affect our business. In addition, we lease certain owned real estate to third parties. We recorded gross third-party tenant income of $0.8 million and $0.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which was recorded in Other income (loss), net in our Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company's total operating lease cost was $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, and the operating cash payments on operating leases were $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively.

Operating lease maturities as of March 31, 2024 are as follows (in thousands):

(1)Certain payments above include future increases to the minimum fixed rent based on the Consumer Price Index in effect at the initial measurement of the lease balances.

NOTE 7 -DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING

Information about our derivative financial instruments at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1) In April 2024, after repayment of the outstanding $55.0 million balance of our $400 Million Revolver from the proceeds of the sale of a portfolio oftwo lodging properties in New Orleans, LA and a $6.0 million paydown to the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan from the proceeds of the sale of the Hilton Garden Inn - Bryan (College Station), TX, debt related to our wholly-owned properties and our pro rata share of joint venture debt has a fixed-rate debt ratio of approximately 77% of our total pro rata indebtedness when taking into consideration interest rate swaps.

(2) At December 31, 2023, we had interest rate swaps that were in effect with a notional amount totaling $600.0 million. In January, 2024, we executedone additional interest rate swap with a notional amount totaling $100.0 million that becomes effective on October 1, 2024.

At March 31, 2024, debt related to our wholly-owned properties and our pro rata share of joint venture debt has a fixed-rate debt ratio of approximately 73% of our total pro rata indebtedness when taking into consideration interest rate swaps.

At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $600.0 million of debt with variable interest rates that had been converted to fixed interest rates through derivative financial instruments which are carried at fair value. Differences between carrying value and fair value of our fixed-rate debt are primarily due to changes in interest rates. Inherently, fixed-rate debt is subject to fluctuations in fair value as a result of changes in the current market rate of interest on the valuation date.

In January 2024, subsidiaries of the GIC Joint Venture that are the borrowers under the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan entered into a $100.0 million interest rate swap to fix one-month term SOFR until January 2026. The interest rate swap has an effective date of October 1, 2024 and a termination date of January 13, 2026. Pursuant to the interest rate swap, we will pay a fixed rate of 3.77% and receive the one-month term SOFR floating rate index.

Our interest rate swaps have been designated as cash flow hedges and are valued using a market approach, which is a Level 2 valuation technique. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, our interest rate swaps were in an asset position. Derivative assets related to our interest rate swaps are recorded in Other assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We are not required to post any collateral related to these agreements and are not in breach of any financial provisions of the agreements.

Changes in the fair value of the hedging instruments are deferred in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and are reclassified as Interest expense in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which the hedged item affects earnings. In the next twelve months, we estimate that $11.6 million will be reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and recorded as a decrease to interest expense.

We characterize the realized and unrealized gain or loss related to derivative financial instruments designated as cash flow hedges as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 8 -EQUITY

Common Stock

The Company is authorized to issue up to 500,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share ("Common Stock"). Each outstanding share of our Common Stock entitles the holder toone vote on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, including the election of directors and, except as may be provided with respect to any other class or series of stock, the holders of such shares possess the exclusive voting power.

In May 2022, the Company and the Operating Partnership entered into an equity distribution agreement (the “Equity Distribution Agreement”) with a group of underwriters as sales agents for the Company, principals and with certain exceptions, forward sellers (collectively the “Managers”) and certain banks as forward purchasers, providing for the offer and sale of shares of the Company’s Common Stock, having a maximum aggregate offering price of up to $200.0 million through or to the Managers, as the Company’s sales agents or, if applicable, as forward sellers, or directly to the Managers, as principals (the “2022 ATM Program”). To date, we have not sold any shares of our Common Stock under the 2022 ATM Program.

Changes in Common Stock during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue up to 100,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, of which 89,600,000 is currently undesignated,6,400,000 shares have been designated as 6.25% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the "Series E Preferred Stock") and 4,000,000 shares have been designated as 5.875% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (the "Series F Preferred Stock").

The Company's outstanding shares of preferred stock (collectively, “Preferred Shares”) rank senior to our Common Stock and on parity with each other with respect to the payment of dividends and distributions of assets in the event of a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up. The Preferred Shares do not have maturity dates and are not subject to mandatory redemption or sinking fund requirements. The Series E Preferred Stock is redeemable by the Company at its election. The Company may not redeem the Series F Preferred Stock prior to August 12, 2026, except in limited circumstances relating to the Company’s continuing qualification as a REIT or in connection with certain changes in control. When redeemable, the Company may, at its option, redeem the applicable Preferred Shares, in whole or from time to time in part, by payment of $25 per share, plus any accumulated, accrued and unpaid dividends up to, but not including the date of redemption. If the Company does not exercise its rights to redeem the Preferred Shares upon certain changes in control, the holders of the Preferred Shares have the right to convert some or all of their shares into a number of the Company’s Common Stock based on a defined formula, subject to a share cap, or alternative consideration. The share cap on each share of Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock is 3.1686 and 5.875 shares of Common Stock, respectively, all subject to certain adjustments.

The Company pays dividends at an annual rate of $1.5625 for each Series E Preferred Stock and $1.46875 for each share of Series F Preferred Stock. Dividend payments are made quarterly in arrears on or about the last day of February, May, August, and November of each year.

NOTE 9 -NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS AND REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

Non-controlling Interests in Operating Partnership

Pursuant to the limited partnership agreement of our Operating Partnership, the unaffiliated third parties who hold Common Units have the right to cause us to request that we redeem their Common Units in exchange for cash based upon the fair value of an equivalent number of our shares of Common Stock at the time of redemption; however, the Company has the option to redeem Common Units with shares of our Common Stock on aone-for-one basis. The number of shares of our Common Stock issuable upon redemption of Common Units may be adjusted upon the occurrence of certain events such as share dividend payments, share subdivisions or combinations. In the first quarter of 2022, in connection with the NCI Transaction, the Operating Partnership issued an aggregate of 15,864,674 Common Units as partial consideration for the purchase.

NewcrestImage and other unaffiliated third parties collectively owned 15,948,628 of Common Units at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, which represents approximately 13% of the outstanding Common Units.

We classify outstanding Common Units held by unaffiliated third parties as non-controlling interests, a component of equity in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The portion of net income (loss) allocated to these Common Units is included on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests.

Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Joint Ventures

At March 31, 2024, the Company is a partner with a majority equity interest inthree joint ventures described below, which are consolidated in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We classify the non-controlling interests in our joint ventures as a component of equity in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The portion of net income (loss) allocated to these non-controlling interests is included on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests.

GIC Joint Venture

In July 2019, the Company entered into the GIC Joint Venture to acquire assets that align with the Company’s current investment strategy and criteria. The Company serves as general partner and asset manager of the GIC Joint Venture and has historically and in the future intends to invest 51% of the equity capitalization of the limited partnership, with GIC investing the remaining 49%. The Company earns fees for providing services to the GIC Joint Venture and has the potential to earn incentive fees based on the GIC Joint Venture achieving certain return thresholds. As of March 31, 2024, the GIC Joint Venture owns 40 lodging properties containing 5,454 guestrooms innine states.

The GIC Joint Venture owns the lodging properties through master REITs (“Master REIT”) and subsidiary REITs (“Subsidiary REIT”). All of the lodging properties owned by the GIC Joint Venture are leased to taxable REIT subsidiaries of the Subsidiary REITs (“Subsidiary REIT TRSs”). To qualify as a REIT, the Master REIT and each Subsidiary REIT must meet all of the REIT requirements provided in the Internal Revenue Code, as amended. Taxable income related to the Subsidiary REIT TRSs is subject to federal, state and local income taxes at applicable tax rates.

Brickell Joint Venture

In June 2022, the Company entered into the Brickell Joint Venture to facilitate the exercise of the Initial Purchase Option to acquire a 90% equity interest in the AC/Element Hotel. Our joint venture partner, C-F Brickell, owns the remaining 10% equity interest in the Brickell Joint Venture. The Company has an option to purchase the remaining 10% equity interest in the Brickell Joint Venture from C-F Brickell in December 2026 with the exercise of a second purchase option at its market value on the exercise date. The Company serves as the managing member of the Brickell Joint Venture.

Onera Joint Venture

In October 2022, the Company entered into a joint venture with Onera (the "Onera Joint Venture"), developers of alternative accommodation properties, with the acquisition of a 90% equity interest in the Onera Joint Venture for $5.2 million in cash, plus additional contingent consideration of $1.8 million paid in September 2023. The $1.8 million contingent consideration paid represents our 90% pro rata share of the maximum increase in value of the property of $2.0 million as a result of the property outperforming a pre-established threshold over a twelve-month period after the closing of the transaction.

The Onera Joint Venture owns a 100% fee simple interest in real property and improvements located in Fredericksburg, TX (the "Onera Property") consisting of 11 glamping lodging units and a 6.4-acre parcel of undeveloped land that will be developed as phase two of the lodging property. The Onera Joint Venture incurred $0.9 million of development costs during the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to the development of phase two of a property that is recorded as Investment in lodging property under development in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024. The Company serves as the managing member of the Onera Joint Venture.

Redeemable Non-controlling Interests

In connection with the NCI Transaction, Summit Hotel GP, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, on its own behalf as general partner of the Operating Partnership and on behalf of the limited partners of the Operating Partnership, on January 13, 2022, entered into the Tenth Amendment (the “Tenth Amendment”) to the First Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership, to provide for the issuance of up to 2,000,000 Series Z Preferred Units. The Series Z Preferred Units rank on a parity with the Operating Partnership’s 6.25% Series E and 5.875% Series F Preferred Units and holders will receive quarterly distributions at a rate of 5.250% per year. From issuance until the tenth anniversary of their issuance, the Series Z Preferred Units will be redeemable at the holder’s request at any time, or in connection with a change of control of the Company, for cash or shares of the Company’s 5.250% Series Z Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock (which will be designated and authorized following notice of redemption by holder of the Series Z Preferred Units) at the Company’s election, on aone-for-one basis. After the fifth anniversary of their issuance, the Company may redeem the Series Z Preferred Units for cash at a redemption amount of $25 per unit. For a 90-day period immediately following both the tenth and the eleventh anniversaries of their issuance or in connection with a change of control of the Company, the Series Z Preferred Units will be redeemable at the holder’s request for cash at a redemption amount of $25 per unit. On January 13, 2022 and March 23, 2022, in connection with the NCI Transaction, the Operating Partnership issued an aggregate of 2,000,000 Series Z Preferred Units as partial consideration for the purchase. At March 31, 2024, the redeemable Series Z Preferred Units issued in connection with the NCI Transaction are recorded as temporary equity and reflected as Redeemable non-controlling interests on our Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets.

NOTE 10 -FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

The following table presents information about our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. In instances in which the inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, we classify assets and liabilities based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Disclosures concerning financial instruments measured at fair value are as follows (in thousands):

The Onera Purchase Option does not have a readily determinable fair value. The fair value was estimated using the Black-Scholes model and was based on unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market information available. As such, we were required to develop assumptions to determine the fair value of the Onera Purchase Option as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)The first option exercise date is the date used for estimating the fair value of the purchase option. The Onera Purchase Option is exercisable when the lodging development is fully constructed and open for business and expires one year from the date that it is initially exercisable.

NOTE 11 -COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Franchise Agreements

All of our lodging properties (with the exception of the Onera Joint Venture property and the Nordic Lodge - Steamboat Springs, CO) operate under franchise agreements with major hotel franchisors. The initial terms of our franchise agreements generally range from 10 to 30 years with various extension provisions. Each franchisor receives franchise fees ranging from 3% to 6% of each lodging property’s room revenue, and some agreements require that we pay marketing fees of up to 4% of room revenue. In addition, some of these franchise agreements require that we deposit into a reserve fund for capital expenditures up to 5% of the lodging property's gross room revenue to ensure that we comply with the franchisor's standards and requirements. We also pay fees to our franchisors for services related to reservation and information systems. We expensed fees related to our franchise agreements of $13.4 million and $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Management Agreements

Our lodging properties operate pursuant to management agreements with various professional third-party management companies. The remaining terms of our management agreements range from month-to-month to 14 years and have various extension provisions. Each management company receives a base management fee, which is a percentage of total lodging property revenues. In some cases, there are also monthly fees for certain services, such as accounting and shared services, based on the number of guestrooms. Generally, there are also incentive fees payable to our property managers based on attaining certain financial thresholds at their lodging properties under management. Management fee expenses were $4.9 million and $4.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Litigation

We are involved from time to time in litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. There are currently no pending legal actions that we believe would have a material effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 12 -EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

Our currently outstanding equity-based awards were issued under the Summit Hotel Properties, Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended and restated effective May 13, 2021 (the "Equity Plan"), which provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, dividend equivalent rights, and other equity-based awards or incentive awards. Stock options granted may be either incentive stock options or non-qualified stock options. Vesting terms may vary with each grant. At March 31, 2024, we only have outstanding restricted stock awards. All of our outstanding equity-based awards are classified as equity awards.

Time-Based Restricted Stock Awards Made Pursuant to Our Equity Plan

The following table summarizes time-based restricted stock award activity under our Equity Plan:

The awards granted to our non-executive employees prior to 2022 vest over afour-year period based on continuous service (20% on the first, second and third anniversary of the grant date and 40% on the fourth anniversary of the grant date). The awards granted to our non-executive employees in 2022 and thereafter vest over athree-year period based on continuous service (25% on the first and second anniversary of the grant date and 50% on the third anniversary of the grant date).

The awards granted to our executive officers generally vest over athree-year period based on continuous service (25% on the first and second anniversary of the grant date and 50% on the third anniversary of the grant date) or in certain circumstances upon a change in control.

The holders of these awards have the right to vote their unvested restricted shares of Common Stock and receive all dividends declared and paid whether or not vested. The fair value of time-based restricted stock awards granted is calculated based on the market value of our Common Stock on the date of grant.

Performance-Based Restricted Stock Awards Made Pursuant to Our Equity Plan

The following table summarizes performance-based restricted stock activity under the Equity Plan:

(1) The amounts included in this column represent the expected future value of the performance-based restricted stock awards calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation valuation model.

Our performance-based restricted stock awards are market-based awards and are accounted for based on the fair value of our Common Stock on the grant date. The fair value of the performance-based restricted stock awards granted was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model. These awards cliff vest on the third anniversary of the grants based on our total shareholder return relative to the total shareholder return of companies within the Dow Jones U.S. Hotels Index (the "Index") at the end of the period or upon a change in control. The awards generally require continuous service during the measurement period and are subject to the other conditions described in the Equity Plan or award document.

The number of shares the executive officers may earn under these awards range from zero shares to twice the number of shares granted based on our percentile ranking within the Index at the end of the measurement period. In addition, a portion of the performance-based shares may be earned based on the Company's absolute total shareholder return calculated during the performance period.

The holders of these awards have the right to vote their unvested restricted shares of Common Stock and any dividends declared accrue and will be subject to the same vesting conditions as the performance awards. Further, if additional shares are earned based on our percentile ranking within the index, dividend payments will be paid as if the additional shares had been held throughout the measurement period.

Equity-Based Compensation Expense

Equity-based compensation expense included in Corporate general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations is as follows (in thousands):

We recognize equity-based compensation expense ratably over the vesting periods. The amount of expense may be subject to adjustment in future periods due to forfeitures of time-based restricted stock.

Unrecognized equity-based compensation expense for all non-vested awards pursuant to our Equity Plan was $14.4 million at March 31, 2024 and will be recorded as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 13 -INCOME TAXES

We have elected to be taxed as a REIT. As a REIT, we are generally not subject to corporate-level income taxes on taxable income we distribute to our stockholders.

Income related to our TRS Lessees is subject to federal, state and local taxes at applicable corporate tax rates. Our consolidated tax provision includes the income tax provision related to the operations of the TRS Lessees as well as state and local income taxes related to the Operating Partnership.

Where required, we account for federal and state income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for: i) the future tax consequences attributable to differences between carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities based on GAAP and the respective carrying amounts for tax purposes, and ii) operating losses and tax-credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date of the change in tax rates. However, deferred tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not they will be realized based on consideration of available evidence. Valuation allowances are provided if, based upon the weight of the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

We consider all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. Certain of our TRS Lessees have incurred operating losses in the past and the realizability of our deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2024 is not reasonably assured. Therefore, we have recorded a valuation allowance against substantially all our deferred tax assets at March 31, 2024.

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $0.2 million and an income tax benefit of $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

We file U.S. and state income tax returns in jurisdictions with varying statutes of limitations. In general, we are not subject to tax examinations by tax authorities for years before 2018. In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by federal, state, and local jurisdictions where applicable. We hadno unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 2024. We expect no significant increase or decrease in unrecognized tax benefits due to changes in tax positions within the next year.

NOTE 14 -SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

We consider all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash consists of certain funds maintained in escrow for property taxes, insurance, and certain capital expenditures. Funds may be disbursed from the account upon proof of expenditures and approval from the lender or other party requiring the

restricted cash reserves.

Supplemental cash flow information is as follows:

NOTE 15 -SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Dividends

On May 1, 2024, our Board of Directors declared quarterly cash dividends and distributions of $0.08 per share on our Common Stock and per Common Unit of the Operating Partnership and cash dividends of $0.390625 per share of 6.25% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and $0.3671875 per share of 5.875% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. The Board of Directors also declared on behalf of the Operating Partnership, a cash distribution of $0.328125 per share of the Operating Partnership's unregistered 5.25% Series Z Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Units. The dividends and distributions are payable on May 31, 2024 to holders of record as of May 17, 2024.

Disposition of Lodging Properties

During the first quarter of 2024, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement with a single buyer to sell the 202-guestroom Courtyard by Marriott and the 208-guestroom SpringHill Suites, both located in New Orleans, LA for an aggregate selling price of $73.0 million. We closed on the sale of these properties on April 17, 2024 in accordance with the expected terms of the transaction. Net proceeds from the sale were used to repay the outstanding $55.0 million balance on our $400 million Revolver subsequent to quarter end.

During the first quarter of 2024, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell the 119-guestroom Hilton Garden Inn - Bryan (College Station), TX for $11.0 million. We closed on the sale of this property on April 25, 2024 in accordance with the terms of the transaction. Net proceeds from the sale were used to repay $6.0 million of the GIC Joint Venture Term Loan subsequent to quarter end.