Greenwave Technology Solutions, Inc.

December 31, 2025 and 2024

NOTE 1 –NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Greenwave Technology Solutions, Inc. (“Greenwave” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 26, 2013 as a technology platform developer under the name MassRoots, Inc. The Company sold its social media assets in October 2021 and has discontinued all operations related to this business. On September 30, 2021, we closed our acquisition of Empire Services, Inc. (“Empire”), which operates 13 metal recycling facilities in Virginia, North Carolina, and Ohio. The acquisition was effective October 1, 2021 upon the effectiveness of the Certificate of Merger in Virginia.

In December 2022, we began offering hauling services to corporate clients. We haul sand, dirt, asphalt, metal, and other materials in a fleet of approximately 75 trucks which we own, manage, and maintain.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Our consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Empire Services, Inc., Liverman Metal Recycling, Inc., Empire Staffing, LLC, Scrap App, Inc., and Greenwave Elite Sports Facility, Inc., our wholly owned subsidiaries.

NOTE 2 –GOING CONCERN AND MANAGEMENT’S LIQUIDITY PLANS

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had cash of $935,763 and a working capital deficit (current liabilities in excess of current assets) of $(18,339,586). During the year ended December 31, 2025, the net cash used in operating activities was $(5,975,441). The accumulated deficit as of December 31, 2025 was $(520,910,428). These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year from the issuance of the consolidated financial statements.

If the Company raises additional funds by issuing equity securities, its stockholders would experience dilution. Additional debt financing, if available, may involve covenants restricting its operations or its ability to incur additional debt. Any additional debt financing or additional equity that the Company raises may contain terms that are not favorable to it or its stockholders and require significant debt service payments, which diverts resources from other activities. The Company’s ability to raise additional capital will be impacted by market conditions and the price of the Company’s common stock.

Accordingly, the accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business for one year from the date the consolidated financial statements are issued. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities presented in the consolidated financial statements do not necessarily purport to represent realizable or settlement values. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

NOTE 3 –SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Greenwave Technology Solutions, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates include estimates used in the calculation of stock-based compensation, fair values relating to derivative liabilities, payroll tax liabilities with interest and penalties, deemed dividends, allowance for doubtful accounts, assumptions used in right-of-use and lease liability calculations, valuations and impairments of intangible assets acquired in business combination, estimated useful life of long-lived assets and finite life tangible assets, extinguishment & modification of debt and the valuation allowance related to deferred tax assets. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Subtopic 825-10, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825-10”) requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities are carried at historical cost basis, which approximates their fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. All other significant financial assets, financial liabilities and equity instruments of the Company are either recognized or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements together with other information relevant for making a reasonable assessment of future cash flows, interest rate risk and credit risk.

The Company follows ASC 825-10, which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value.

Cash

For purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company hadno cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in banks insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in accounts that at times may exceed the federally insured limit of $250,000 per bank. The Company minimizes this risk by placing its cash deposits with multiple major financial institutions. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the uninsured balances amounted to approximately $376,924 and $2,363,785, respectively.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment is stated at cost or, if acquired through a business combination, at fair value at the date of acquisition. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, except for leasehold improvements, which are depreciated over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or their related lease term. Upon the sale or retirement of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is recognized in income. Costs for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Property and equipment is pledged as collateral for certain non-convertible notes (see Note 8 – Advances and Non-Convertible Notes Payable).

Cost of Revenue

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of the costs of purchasing metal from suppliers, direct costs of providing hauling services to customers, and cost of other revenue, including sand.

Prepaid Expenses

Prepaid expenses consist of payments made in advance for goods and services that will be received or consumed in future periods. Such amounts are recorded as assets when paid and are recognized as expense in the period in which the related goods or services are received or the economic benefit is realized. Prepaid amounts expected to be realized within twelve months of the balance sheet date are classified as current assets, while amounts expected to be realized beyond twelve months are classified as non-current. The Company periodically evaluates prepaid expenses for recoverability and recognizes a charge to operations if it is determined that the future economic benefit associated with the prepaid asset will not be realized.

Related Party Transactions

Parties are considered related to the Company if the parties, directly orindirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The Company discloses all related party transactions. See Note 19 – Related Party Transactions.

Leases

The Company accounts for its leases under ASC 842, Leases. Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as both a right of use asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right of use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right of use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. Variable lease expenses, if any, are recorded when incurred.

In calculating the right of use asset and lease liability, the Company elected to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company excluded short-term leases having initial terms of 12 months or less from the new guidance as an accounting policy election and recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. See Note 12 – Leases.

Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. Except as set forth below, we are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results. See Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenues are accounted for under ASC Topic 606, “Revenue From Contracts With Customers” (“ASC 606”) and generally do not require significant estimates or judgments based on the nature of the Company’s revenue streams. The sales prices are generally fixed at the point of sale and all consideration from contracts is included in the transaction price. The Company’s contracts do not include multiple performance obligations or material variable consideration.

In accordance with ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with that core principle by applying the following:

The Company primarily generates revenue by purchasing scrap metal from businesses and retail suppliers, processing it, and selling the ferrous and non-ferrous metals to customers. The Company also provides hauling services to certain corporate clients. The Company realizes revenue upon the fulfilment of its performance obligations to customers.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable represent amounts primarily due from customers on products and services rendered. These accounts receivable, which are reduced by an allowance for credit losses, are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. The Company extends credit to customers under contracts containing customary and explicit payment terms, and payment is generally required within 1 to 30 days of shipment or the services being rendered.

The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors, including the aging of receivable balances, historical collection rates, and economic trends. Management uses this evaluation to estimate the amount of receivables that may not be collected and records a provision for expected credit losses. Accounts are written off when all collection efforts have been exhausted. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, accounts receivable were $1,116,924 and $1,254,390, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there was a $0 allowance for doubtful, and no allowances were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Inventories

Although the Company ships ferrous and non-ferrous metals multiple times per day, it maintains inventories consisting of processed and unprocessed scrap metal, used and salvaged vehicles, and supplies. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventory cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Finished goods are valued at net realizable value as cost is not readily determinable. The value of inventories was $2,240,943 and $2,889,682 as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. See Note 5 – Inventories.

Advertising

The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs were $173,445 and $53,147 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date fair value of the award and is expensed over the requisite service period. For stock-based awards to employees, non-employees and directors, the Company calculates the fair value of the award on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Determining the fair value of stock-based awards at the grant date under this model requires judgment, including estimating volatility, employee stock option exercise behaviors and forfeiture rates. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment.

Income Taxes

The Company follows ASC Subtopic 740-10, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740-10”) for recording the provision for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability during each period.

If available evidence suggests that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Future changes in such valuation allowance are included in the provision for deferred income taxes in the period of change. Deferred income taxes may arise from temporary differences resulting from income and expense items reported for financial accounting and tax purposes in different periods. See “Note 18 – Income Taxes.”

Convertible Instruments

U.S. GAAP requires companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as freestanding derivative financial instruments according to certain criteria. The criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur, and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument.

An exception to this rule is when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional, as that term is described under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity.”

Deemed Dividends

The Company records, when necessary, deemed dividends for: (i) warrant price protection, based on the difference between the fair value of the warrants immediately before and after the repricing (inclusive of any full ratchet provisions); (ii) the exchange of preferred shares for convertible notes, based on the amount of the face value of the convertible notes in excess of the carrying value of the preferred shares; (iii) the settlement of warrant provisions, based on the fair value of the common shares issued; and (iv) amortization of discount on preferred stock resulting from recognition of a beneficial conversion feature.

Issuance of Debt Instruments With Detachable Stock Purchase Warrants

Proceeds from the issuance of a debt instrument with stock purchase warrants (detachable call options) are allocated to the two elements based on the relative fair values of the debt instrument without the warrants and of the warrants themselves at time of issuance. The portion of the proceeds allocated to the warrants are recorded as additional paid-in capital. The remainder of the proceeds are allocated to the debt instrument portion of the transaction. Such issuances generally result in a discount (or, occasionally, a reduced premium) relative to the debt instrument, which is amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method.

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company classifies as equity any contracts that: (i) require physical settlement or net-share settlement; or (ii) provide the Company with a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in its own shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement) providing that such contracts are indexed to the Company’s own stock. The Company classifies as assets or liabilities any contracts that: (i) require net-cash settlement (including a requirement to net cash settle the contract if an event occurs and if that event is outside the Company’s control); or (ii) gives the counterparty a choice of net-cash settlement or settlement in shares (physical settlement or net-share settlement). The Company assesses classification of its common stock purchase warrants and other freestanding derivatives at each reporting date to determine whether a change in classification between assets and liabilities is required.

The Company’s freestanding derivatives consisted of warrants to purchase common stock that were issued in connection with the issuance of debt and the sale of common shares, and of embedded conversion options within convertible notes. The Company evaluated these derivatives to assess their proper classification in the balance sheet as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 using the applicable classification criteria enumerated under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” The Company determined that certain embedded conversion and/or exercise features did not contain fixed settlement provisions. The convertible notes contained a conversion feature such that the Company could not ensure it would have adequate authorized shares to meet all possible conversion demands. As such, the Company was required to record the derivatives which do not have fixed settlement provisions as liabilities and mark to market all such derivatives to fair value at the end of each reporting period. The Company also records derivative liabilities for instruments, including convertible notes, preferred stock, and warrants, in which the Company does not have sufficient authorized shares to cover the conversion of these instruments into shares of common stock.

Environmental Remediation Liability

The operations of the Company, like those of other companies in its industry, are subject to various domestic and foreign environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations not only govern current operations and products, but also impose potential liability on the Company for past operations. Management expects environmental laws and regulations to impose increasingly stringent requirements upon the Company and the industry in the future. Management believes that the Company conducts its operations in compliance with applicable environmental laws and regulations and has implemented various programs designed to protect the environment and promote continued compliance.

The Company continuously assesses its potential liability for remediation-related activities and adjusts its environmental-related accruals as information becomes available upon which more accurate costs can be reasonably estimated and as additional accounting guidelines are issued. At December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had accruals reported on the balance sheet as current liabilities of $0 and $0, respectively.

Actual costs incurred may vary from the accrued estimates due to the inherent uncertainties involved including, among others, the nature and magnitude of the wastes involved, the various technologies that can be used for remediation and the determination of acceptable remediation with respect to a particular site. Additionally, costs for environmental-related activities may not be reasonably estimable and therefore would not be included in our current liabilities.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its property and equipment and any identifiable intangibles for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The test for impairment is required to be performed by management at least annually. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted operating cash flow expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Intangible assets are stated at cost and reviewed annually to examine any impairments, usually assuming an estimated useful life of five toten years. When retired or otherwise disposed, the related carrying value and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and the net difference less any amount realized from disposition, is reflected in earnings. The estimated useful lives of the Intellectual Property, Customer List, and Licenses assumed in the Empire acquisition is 5 years,10 years, and 10 years, respectively. See Note 7 – Amortization of Intangible Assets.

Segment Reporting

The Company determines its operating segments in accordance with ASC 280,Segment Reporting, as updated by ASU 2023-07,Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. Operating segments are defined as components of the business for which discrete financial information is available and that are regularly reviewed by the Chief Executive Officer, who is the Company’s chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), in assessing performance and allocating resources.

The Company has identified three operating segments based on its differentiated products and services: Scrap Metal Recycling, Hauling, and Other (primarily comprised of rental income). The CODM evaluates performance using revenues, gross profit, and operating cash flows on both an operating segment basis and a consolidated basis. Operating expenses, including selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, and other operating costs, are managed centrally and are not allocated to individual operating segments.

The Company has determined that its operating segments exhibit similar economic characteristics and are similar in nature with respect to products and services, production processes, customer types, and methods of distribution. As a result, the Company has aggregated its operating segments into a single reportable segment for financial reporting purposes. The Company operates in one geographic segment, the United States of America.

The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 for the year ended December 31, 2024. Additional information about the Company’s operating segments and related disclosures is provided inNote 20 – Segment Reporting.

Net Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

The Company computes earnings (loss) per share under ASC subtopic 260-10, Earnings Per Share. Net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share, if presented, would include the dilution that would occur upon the exercise or conversion of all potentially dilutive securities into common stock using the “treasury stock” and/or “if converted” methods, as applicable.

The computation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share, for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 excludes potentially dilutive securities when their inclusion would be anti-dilutive, or if their exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common stock during the period.

Potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share are as follows:

On August 20, 2025, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment to the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to effect a reverse stock split of its issued common stock, par value $0.001 per share, in the ratio of 1-for-110, which was effective at 5:00 p.m., eastern time, on August 22, 2025. Pursuant to GAAP, the Company retrospectively recasted and restated the weighted-average shares included within its consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The basic and diluted weighted-average common shares are retroactively converted to shares of the Company’s common stock to conform to the recasted consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Income Taxes

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires enhanced disclosures surrounding income taxes, particularly related to rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. In particular, on an annual basis, companies will be required to disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. Companies will also be required to disclose, on an annual basis, the amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state, and foreign taxes, and also disaggregated by individual jurisdictions above a quantitative threshold. The standard is effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 on a prospective basis, with retrospective application permitted for all prior periods presented. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 for the annual period ending December 31, 2025. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements but resulted in enhanced income tax disclosures.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Disclosure Improvements

In October 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-06, Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative (“ASU 2023-06”). ASU 2023-06 incorporates into the FASB Accounting Standards Codification 14 of the 27 disclosure and presentation requirements that were referred to the FASB by the SEC in connection with the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative (SEC Release No. 33-10532). The amendments modify or add various disclosure and presentation requirements across a number of Codification topics. The effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC’s removal of the related disclosure requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K becomes effective, with early adoption prohibited. If by June 30, 2027 the SEC has not removed the applicable requirement from Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, the related amendment will be removed from the Codification and will not become effective for any entity. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance but does not expect it to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or disclosures.

Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses

In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires specified information about certain costs and expenses be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements, including the expense caption on the face of the income statement in which they are disclosed, in addition to a qualitative description of remaining amounts not separately disaggregated. Entities will also be required to disclose their definition of “selling expenses” and the total amount in each annual period. The standard is effective for the Company for annual periods beginning January 1, 2027 and for interim periods beginning January 1, 2028, with updates applied either prospectively or retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its disclosures.

Credit Losses – Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets

In July 2025, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2025-05, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets (“ASU 2025-05”). ASU 2025-05 provides all entities with a practical expedient, and entities other than public business entities with an additional accounting policy election, when estimating expected credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from transactions accounted for under Topic 606. Under the practical expedient, an entity may assume that current economic conditions as of the balance sheet date remain unchanged over the forecast period, and is therefore not required to develop reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions for those assets. The standard is effective for the Company for annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2026, and interim periods within those annual periods, applied on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

There are other various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

NOTE 4 –CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, no supplier accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s cost of revenues.

Accounts Receivable

The Company has a concentration of credit risk with its accounts receivable balance. At December 31, 2025, seven certain large customers individually accounted for $159,073, $143,994, $113,939, $95,381, $88,446, $79,048, and $70,322, or 14.24%,12.89%,10.20%,8.54%,7.92%,7.08%, and 6.30%, respectively. At December 31, 2024, six certain large customers individually accounted for $156,535, $145,703, $140,978, $130,518, $109,900, $83,387, and $67,214, or 12.48%,11.62%,11.24%,10.40%,8.76%,6.65%, and 5.36%, respectively.

Customer Concentrations

The Company has a concentration of customers. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, two large customers individually accounted for $12,073,690 and $5,482,886, or approximately 25.88% and 11.75% of our revenues, respectively. For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, two large customers individually accounted for $18,654,928 and $1,683,325, or approximately 55.99% and 5.05% of our revenues, respectively.

Supplier Concentrations

The Company does not have a concentration of suppliers.

The Company’s sales are concentrated in the Virginia and northeastern North Carolina markets.

NOTE 5 –INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following as of:

NOTE 6 –PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

On December 2, 2024, the Company entered into a Contract of Sale (the “Contract of Sale”) with DWM Properties LLC (“DWM”), KPAJ, LLC and Oceana Salvage Properties, L.L.C. (collectively, the “Sellers”), in each case, an entity affiliated with Danny Meeks, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase the Premises (as defined in the Contract of Sale) held by the Sellers for an aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000, to be allocated among the seven parcels comprising the Premises and the Licenses and Permits (as defined in the Contract of Sale), as more fully described in the Contract of Sale. The transaction closed on December 2, 2024.

The purchase price is paid by (i) the issuance of an aggregate of 450,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”), to the Sellers at an aggregate valuation of $3,300,084 and (ii) the issuance of a promissory note payable to DWM (the “DWM Note”) in the aggregate principal amount of $11,699,916. The DWM Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, and is payable in equal installments of $2,983,309 on each of December 31, 2024, January 31, 2025, February 28, 2025 and March 31, 2025 (each, a “Payment Date”); provided, that if payment on a Payment Date would cause the Company’s cash balance to be less than $3,000,000, then such Payment Date and each subsequent Payment Date shall be extended by 30 days. The Company shall make all payments owed under the DWM Note within 12 months from the date of issuance. In addition, if the Company exercises a 30 day extension of any payment, the Company is required to furnish to DWM such financial information and data as DWM may reasonably request to confirm the Company’s cash balance.

Property and equipment as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 is summarized as follows:

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $5,706,278 and $4,379,393, respectively. Impairment of equipment for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0 and $439,086, respectively. Loss on assets for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0 and $12,338,550, respectively due to loss on a related-party asset purchase. Gain on assets for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $202,466 and $0, respectively due to loss on a non related-party asset purchase. For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company wrote off its fully depreciated equipment in the amount of $1,474,750 and also fully wrote off impaired equipment in the amount of $624,462. For the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company wrote off its fully depreciated equipment in the amount of $19,427.

NOTE 7 –AMORTIZATION OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS

All of the Company’s current identified intangible assets were assumed upon consummation of the Empire acquisition on October 1, 2021. Identified intangible assets consisted of the following at the dates indicated below:

There wereno intangible assets acquired during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024.

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $2,958,500 and $2,958,500 for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Total estimated amortization expense for our intangible assets for the years 2026 through 2029 is as follows:

NOTE 8 –ADVANCES AND NON-CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE

Factoring Advances

On February 1, 2024, the Company entered into a revenue factoring advance in the principal amount of $1,340,000 for a purchase price of $970,000. There was an origination fee of $30,000. There were cash proceeds of $970,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer was personally liable for this factoring advance. The Company was required to make weekly payments in the amount $25,800 through January 2025. The advance matured on January 23, 2025. There was amortization of debt discount of $370,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company made cash repayments of $606,400 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company realized a $733,600 gain on settlement during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the revenue factoring advance had a balance of $0, net an unamortized debt discount of $0. The advance is retired.

On February 7, 2024, the Company entered into a revenue factoring advance in the principal amount of $822,000 for a purchase price of $572,950. There was an origination fee of $27,050. There were cash proceeds of $572,950 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer was personally liable for this factoring advance. The Company was required to make weekly payments in the amount $30,444 through August 2024. The advance matured on August 31, 2024. There was amortization of debt discount of $249,050 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company made cash repayments of $668,556 during the year ended December 31, 2024. There was a gain on settlement $153,444 during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the revenue factoring advance had a balance of $0, net an unamortized debt discount of $0. The advance is retired.

On February 29, 2024, the Company entered into a revenue factoring advance in the principal amount of $559,600 for a purchase price of $376,000. There was an origination fee of $24,000. There were cash proceeds of $376,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer was personally liable for this factoring advance. The Company was required to make weekly payments in the amount $25,436 through July 2024. The advance matured on July 15, 2024. There was amortization of debt discount of $183,600 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company made cash repayments of $544,745 during the year ended December 31, 2024. There was a gain on settlement $14,855 during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the revenue factoring advance had a balance of $0, net an unamortized debt discount of $0. The advance is retired.

On March 7, 2024, the Company entered into a revenue factoring advance in the principal amount of $1,499,000 for a purchase price of $700,000. There was an origination fee of $300,000. There were cash proceeds of $700,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer was personally liable for this factoring advance. The Company was required to make weekly payments in the amount $125,000 through June 2024. The advance matured on June 6, 2024. There was amortization of debt discount of $799,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company made cash repayments of $1,375,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. There was a gain on settlement $124,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the revenue factoring advance had a balance of $0, net an unamortized debt discount of $0. The advance is retired.

On March 7, 2024, the Company entered into a revenue factoring advance in the principal amount of $374,750 for a purchase price of $225,000. There was an origination fee of $25,000. There were cash proceeds of $225,000 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer was personally liable for this factoring advance. The Company was required to make weekly payments in the amount $23,422 through July 2024. The advance matured on July 7, 2024. There was amortization of debt discount of $149,750 during the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company made cash repayments of $343,688 during the year ended December 31, 2024. There was a gain on settlement $31,062 during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the revenue factoring advance had a balance of $0, net an unamortized debt discount of $0. The advance is retired.

The remaining advances are for Simple Agreements for Future Tokens, entered into with accredited investors issued pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by virtue of Section 4(a)(2) thereof and/or Regulation D thereunder in 2018. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company owed $85,000 for Simple Agreements for Future Tokens.

Non-Convertible Notes Payable

On April 11, 2022, the Company entered into a vehicle financing agreement with GM Financial for the purchase of a vehicle for use by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in the principal amount of $74,186. GM Financial financed $65,000 of the purchase price of the vehicle and the Company was required to make a $10,000 down payment. There was a $2,400 rebate applied to the purchase price. The Company is required to make 60 monthly payments of $1,236. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company made $9,281 and $31,330 in payments towards the financing agreement, respectively. There was amortization of debt discount of $4,306 and $1,792 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the financing agreement had a balance of $0 and $4,875, net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $4,306, respectively.

On April 21, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $964,470 for the financing and installation of a piece of equipment in the amount $750,000. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount $6,665 through October 2022 and monthly payments of $19,260 until October 2026. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on October 21, 2026. During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company made $244,963 and $202,747 in payments towards the note, respectively. There was additional interest of $16,148 booked during the year ended December 31, 2025. There was amortization of debt discount of $65,950 and $57,294 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $176,792 and $310,476 net an unamortized debt discount of $(61,471) and $49,802, respectively.

On September 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Deed of Trust note for the purchase of land and buildings. The note has a principal amount of $600,000, bears an interest rate of 6.5%, and matures on September 1, 2032. The Company is required to make monthly payments of $4,476 until September 1, 2032, when the remaining principal and accrued interest becomes due. The Company made principal payments of $17,338 and $17,903 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company made interest payments of $31,614 and $35,809 during the years ended December 31 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a principal balance of $543,988 and $561,324, respectively and accrued interest of $0 and $2,999.

On September 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Deed of Trust note for the purchase of land and buildings. The note has a principal amount of $600,000, bears an interest rate of 6.5%, and matures on September 1, 2032. The Company is required to make monthly payments of $4,476 until September 1, 2032, when the remaining principal and accrued interest becomes due. The Company made principal payments of $17,338 and $17,903 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company made interest payments of $31,614 and $35,809 during the years ended December 31 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a principal balance of $543,988 and $561,324, respectively and accrued interest of $0 and $2,999.

On September 14, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $2,980,692 for a purchase price of $2,505,000. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount $82,797 through September 2025. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on September 14, 2025. There was amortization of debt discount of $56,316 and $112,006 and a gain on settlement of $33,027 and $0 recorded during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $667,123 and $805,182 towards the note during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $0 and $575,616 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $59,478, respectively.

On November 28, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,539,630 for a purchase price of $1,078,502. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. A non-cash adjustment of $439,500 was recorded on disposal of assets. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $10,410 through March 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $20,950 through March 2029. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on March 5, 2029. There was amortization of debt discount of $247,899 and $104,107 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $87,047 and $220,860 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 2024 the note had a balance of $0 and $680,674 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $247,897, respectively.

On November 28, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,560,090 for a purchase price of $1,092,910. $586,000 of this balance was settled against the disposal of property and equipment. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $10,630 through March 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $21,225 through March 2029. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on March 5, 2029. There was amortization of debt discount of $254,642 and $107,423 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $79,696 and $223,759 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024 the note had a balance of $0 and $689,613 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $249,740, respectively.

On November 28, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,597,860 for a purchase price of $1,119,334. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. A non-cash adjustment of $439,500 was recorded on disposal of assets. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $10,860 through March 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $21,740 through March 2029. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on March 5, 2029. There was amortization of debt discount of $216,411 and $108,233 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $82,870 and $229,388 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 2024, the note had a balance of $0 and $706,341 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $255,835, respectively.

On December 15, 2022, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,557,435 for a purchase price of $1,093,380. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. A non-cash adjustment of $439,000 was recorded on disposal of assets. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $10,585 through March 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $21,190 through March 2029. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on March 15, 2029. There was amortization of debt discount of $250,101 and $103,266 during the years months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $51,787 and $223,818 during the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $0 and $687,948 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $250,101, respectively.

On January 10, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,245,018 for a purchase price of $1,021,500. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were cash proceeds of $1,000,000. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $10,365 through March 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $34,008 through March 2026. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on March 10, 2026. There was amortization of debt discount of $41,021 and $64,534 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $276,154 and $330,875 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $133,752 and $381,903 net an unamortized debt discount of $50,416 and $78,419, respectively.

On January 12, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,185,810 for a purchase price of $832,605. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $832,605 used to purchase equipment, as well as a non-cash adjustment of $289,033 on disposal of assets. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $8,030 through April 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $16,135 through April 2028. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on April 12, 2028. There was amortization of debt discount of $67,928 and $79,231 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $43,355 and $156,933 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $0 and $531,871 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $185,515, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2025, an additional non-cash adjustment for $219,069 was recorded on disposal of assets and a $190,438 gain on settlement was recorded for early payoff on this note.

On February 23, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $822,040 for a purchase price of $628,353. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $628,253 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $6,370 through June 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $16,595 through June 2027. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on June 23, 2027. There was amortization of debt discount of $10,974 and $64,812 during years ended December 31 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $183,631 and $232,826 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $242,229 and $346,227 net an unamortized debt discount of $340,909 and $54,034, respectively.

On February 24, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,186,580 for a purchase price of $832,605. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $832,605 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $9,185 through June 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $23,955 through June 2027. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on June 24, 2027. There were additional fees incurred of $8,733 and $21,380 during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The company recorded additional interest adjusted to debt discount amounting to $113,839. There was amortization of debt discount of $(10,491) and $107,570 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $191,967 and $174,746 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $349,636 and $494,748 net an unamortized debt discount of $(229,154) and $292,226, respectively.

On April 12, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $317,415 for a purchase price of $219,676. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $219,676 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $2,245 through August 2023 and then monthly payments in the amount of $4,315 through July 2027. The note bears an interest rate of 10.6%, is secured by certain assets of the Company, and matures on July 12, 2029. There were payments of $61,249 and $41,589 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively and $150,466 and $0 of this balance, respectively, was settled against the disposal of property and equipment. The company recorded additional interest adjusted to debt discount amounting to $150,466. There was amortization of debt discount of $(58,547) and $3,480 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $0 and $145,554 net an unamortized debt discount of $0 and $66,158, respectively.

On December 2, 2024, the Company entered into a secured promissory note with an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in the principal amount of $11,699,916. The note was for the purchase of certain land and permits from an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and is secured by such property. There were non-cash proceeds of $11,699,916 used to purchase the land and equipment. The note matures on March 31, 2025 and accrues interest at 10% per annum. The note requires monthly payments of $2,983,309, however in the event such payment would result in the Company having less than $3 million cash on hand, such payment is delayed without penalty until the following month and the maturity date of the note extended. There was amortization of debt discount of $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The Company made payments of $2,300,000 towards the principal of the note during the year ended December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a principal balance and accrued interest of $5,391,859 and $7,691,859, respectively. Subsequent to December 31, 2025, the note was extended to March 31, 2026, and then further extended to June 30, 2026.

On February 3, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,373,040 for a purchase price of $1,026,844. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $19,070. The note matures on February 3, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $62,495 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $172,630 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $911,784 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $288,626 and $0, respectively.

On February 3, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,000,107 for a purchase price of $769,383. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $29,853 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $14,305. The note matures on February 3, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $35,205 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $128,745 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $684,050 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $187,312 and $0, respectively.

On February 3, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,517,127 for a purchase price of $1,167,350. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $45,273 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $21,700. The note matures on February 3, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $17,670 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $196,300 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $1,037,443 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $283,384 and $0, respectively.

On February 3, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,213,693 for a purchase price of $898,653. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. There were non-cash proceeds of $36,227 used to purchase equipment. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $17,360. The note matures on February 3, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $12,656 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $156,240 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $830,115 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $227,338 and $0, respectively.

On May 28, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,658,880 for a purchase price of $1,240,690. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $23,040. The note matures on May 28, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $7,228 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $101,400 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $1,169,642 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $397,078 and $0, respectively.

On May 28, 2025, the Company entered into a secured promissory note in the principal amount of $1,327,680 for a purchase price of $992,852. The note is secured by certain assets of the Company. The Company is required to make monthly payments in the amount of $7,383. The note matures on May 28, 2031. There was amortization of debt discount of $4,153 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. There were payments of $71,903 and $0 during the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a balance of $925,765 and $0 net of an unamortized debt discount of $320,772 and $0, respectively.

The following table details the current and long-term principal due under non-convertible notes as of December 31, 2025.

Total principal payments due on non-convertible notes for 2026 through 2028 and thereafter is as follows:

NOTE 9 –ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company owed accounts payable and accrued expenses of $8,043,143 and $5,893,351, respectively. These are primarily comprised of payments to vendors, accrued interest on debt, and accrued legal bills.

NOTE 10 –ACCRUED PAYROLL AND RELATED EXPENSES

The Company is delinquent in filing its payroll taxes, primarily related to stock compensation awards in 2016 and 2017, but also including payroll for 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company owed payroll tax liabilities, including penalties, of $3,946,411 to federal and state taxing authorities and $2,798,904 to federal and state governments. The actual liability may be higher or lower due to interest or penalties assessed by federal and state taxing authorities.

NOTE 11 –COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCES

From time to time, we may become involved in various lawsuits and legal proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of business. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties, and an adverse result in these or other matters may arise from time to time that may harm our business. Except as set forth below, we are currently not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operating results.

On October 25, 2024, Arena Special Opportunities Fund, LP and other related entities (“Arena”) filed a lawsuit in New York State Court (the “Action”). The complaint for the lawsuit alleges, among other things, a purported breach of contract based on an alleged equity conditions failure. The Company believes that the Action lacks merit. In the event this Action is not summarily dismissed, the Company intends to vigorously defend against it.

As previously reported on September 13, 2024, the Company received written notice (the “Notice”) from The Nasdaq Listing Qualification Department (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that it was not in compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)

(2) for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market (the “Minimum Bid Price Requirement”), as the closing bid price of the Company’s common stock had been below $1.00 per share for 30 consecutive business days. The Notice indicated that the Company has 180 calendar days, or until March 12, 2025, to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement.

On March 13, 2025, Nasdaq notified the Company that although the Company has not regained compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, the Company is eligible to receive an additional 180 calendar day period or until September 8, 2025, to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Requirement, pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(a)(3)(A). On August 20, 2025, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment (the “Certificate of Amendment”) to the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to effect a reverse stock split of its issued common stock, par value $0.001 per share, in the ratio of 1-for-110 (the “Reverse Stock Split”), which was effective at 5:00 p.m., eastern time, on August 22, 2025.

On September 9, 2025, the Company received formal notice from the Staff of the Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC that the Company had regained compliance with the minimum bid price requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2).

On May 23, 2025, the Company received a notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC regarding the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025 (the “Q1 Form 10-Q”) with the SEC. The Company previously submitted a plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance with respect to the delinquent Q1 Form 10-Q, and Nasdaq granted the Company an exception until August 22, 2025, to evidence compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1).

On August 22, 2025, the Company received an additional delinquency notification letter from Nasdaq due to the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2025 (the “Q2 Form 10-Q”). The Staff informed the Company that is has until September 8, 2025 to submit an updated plan to regain compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2). On September 5, 2025, the Company submitted its revised plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance, and Nasdaq accepted its plan to evidence compliance by 180 calendar days from the due date of the Q1 Form 10-Q, or until November 17, 2025.

On November 18, 2025, the Company received an additional delinquency notification letter from Nasdaq due to the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2025 (the “Q3 Form 10-Q”). The letter further stated that upon further review, the Company did not meet the terms of the previous exception granted to the Company and that trading of the Company’s common stock would be suspended at the opening of business on November 28, 2025 and the Company’s securities would be subsequently delisted from Nasdaq unless the Company requested a hearing to appeal Nasdaq’s determination by November 25, 2025. On November 18, 2025, the Company filed the Q1 Form 10-Q with the SEC. On November 21, 2025, the Company formally requested a hearing before the Nasdaq Hearings Panel (the “Panel”) to appeal the November 18, 2025 determination (the “Hearing”). The Hearing was held on January 13, 2026. On January 27, 2026, the Panel notified the Company that it granted the Company’s request for continued listing subject to the Company filing the Q2 Form 10-Q on or before February 6, 2026 and filing the Q3 Form 10-Q on or before March 6, 2026. On February 5, 2026, the Company filed the Q2 Form 10-Q with the SEC. On March 6, 2026 the Company filed the Q3 10-Q with the SEC. On March 19, 2026, the Company received formal notice from Nasdaq that the Company had regained compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) and that the above matter has been closed.

On April 20, 2026, the Company received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying the Company that because it has not yet filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 Form 10-K”) with the SEC, Nasdaq has determined that the Company no longer complies with the filing requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (“Listing Rule 5250(c)(1)”).

The Staff informed the Company that is has 60 calendar days to submit a plan to regain compliance with Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). If the Staff accepts the Company’s plan to regain compliance, then it may grant the Company an exception of up to 180 calendar days from the 2025 Form 10-K’s due date, or until October 12, 2026, to regain compliance.

On May 21, 2026, the Company received an additional delinquency notification letter from Nasdaq due to the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2026. The Staff informed the Company that is has until June 22, 2026 to submit a plan to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). If the Staff accepts the Company’s plan to regain compliance, then it may grant the Company an exception of up to 180 calendar days from the Annual Report’s due date, or until October 12, 2026, to evidence compliance with the Rule.

Employee Matter

Subsequent to year-end, in April 2026, the Company identified and terminated a former non-officer employee in its logistics function who had improperly diverted certain hauling work to an outside entity and engaged in related improper conduct. The conduct occurred during 2026 and did not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2025. The Company has reviewed the matter, including outreach to potentially affected customers, and does not believe its ultimate resolution will have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. Accordingly, no liability has been recorded. The Company's review is ongoing, and the Company is pursuing available remedies against the former employee.

NOTE 12 –LEASES

Property Leases (Operating Leases)

The Company leases its facilities and certain automobiles under operating leases which expire on various dates through 2028. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and whether it is a finance or operating leases. Right of Use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. When readily determinable, the Company uses the implicit rate in determining the present value of lease payments. The ROU asset also includes any fixed lease payments, including in-substance fixed lease payments and excludes lease incentives. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Lease term is determined at lease commencement and includes any non-cancellable period for which the Company has the right to use the underlying asset, together with any options to extend that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise.

On January 24, 2022, the Company entered into leasing agreements for 3,521 square feet of office space commencing upon the completion of tenant improvements which was expected to be on April 1, 2022 but shall be no later than May 1, 2022 (“Commencement Date”). Under the terms of the leases, the Company is required to pay $3,668 for the first twelve months of the lease and increasing by approximately 3% every 12 months thereafter until the expiration of the lease. The lease is for a period offive years from the Commencement Date and the Company was required to make a security deposit of $3,668. The Company does not have an option to extend the lease. The Company cannot sublease any of the office space under the lease agreement.

On March 15, 2024, the Company entered into leasing agreements for a scrap yard located at 3030 E 55th Street, Cleveland, OH 44127. Under the terms of the lease, the Company is required to pay $17,000 from March 1, 2024 to February 28, 2025; $23,000 from March 1, 2025 to February 28, 2026; $23,000 from March 1, 2026 to February 28, 2027; $23,000 from March 1, 2027 to February 28, 2028; and increasing by the greater of 3% and the CPI every 12 months thereafter until the expiration of the lease. The lease is for a period offive years, include two options to extend forfive years each, and the Company was required to make a security deposit of $17,000. The Company had the option to purchase the property for $3,277,000 until February 28, 2024.

In May 2025, the Company entered into an amendment to the lease agreement that modified the rent payment schedule and added site clean-up and waste management obligations. Under the amended terms, rent was $23,000 for May 2025 (paid), $17,000 per month from June 1, 2025 through December 31, 2025, $18,500 per month from January 1, 2026 through December 31, 2026, and $20,000 per month from January 1, 2027 through February 28, 2028. Beginning January 1, 2026, rent increases to $20,000 per month if the Company does not adhere to certain site clean-up obligations outlined in the amendment. The Company remains responsible for payment of property taxes related to the premises. All other material terms of the lease remain unchanged.

Automobile Leases (Operating Leases)

Upon effectiveness of the acquisition of Empire on October 1, 2021, the Company assumed $34,261 in ROU assets and $27,757 in lease liabilities for an automobile lease. Under the terms of the lease, Empire is required to pay $650 per month until the lease expired on February 15, 2026 and the Company does not have an option to renew or extend. The Company is responsible for any damage to the automobile under the terms of the lease.

On December 23, 2021, Empire entered into a lease agreement for the leasing of an automobile. Under the terms of the lease, Empire was required to pay $18,000 for the first month and $1,000 per month thereafter for 60 months. The lease expires on December 23, 2026 andthe Company does not have an option to renew or extend. The Company is responsible to any damage to the automobile under the terms of the lease.

ROU assets and liabilities consist of the following:

Aggregate minimum future commitments under non-cancelable operating leases and other obligations at December 31, 2025 were as follows:

The Company leases its facilities, automobiles, and offices under operating leases which expire on various dates through 2024. Rent expense related to these leases is recognized based on the payment amount charged under the lease. Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $535,680 and $1,998,428, respectively. At December 31, 2025, the leases had a weighted average remaining lease term of 2 years and a weighted average discount rate of 10%.

NOTE 13 –CONVERTIBLE NOTES PAYABLE

On July 3, 2023, the Company closed a bridge financing in the principal amount of $1,031,250 for a purchase price of $825,000 with certain accredited investors. The bridge notes matured on July 31, 2023 and were personally guaranteed by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The bridge notes were exchanged into the senior secured offering which closed on July 31, 2023 and are retired.

On July 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Purchase Agreement with certain institutional investors as purchasers whereby, the Company sold, and the investors purchased, approximately $15,000,000, which consisted of approximately $13,188,750 in cash and $1,031,250 of existing debt of the Company which was exchanged for the notes and warrants issued in this offering in principal amount of senior secured convertible notes and warrants and $500,000 in notes issued as commission. The transaction closed on August 1, 2023. The Senior Notes were issued with an original issue discount of 16.67%, do not bear interest, unless in the event of an event of default, in which case the notes bear interest at the rate of 18% per annum until such default has been cured, and mature after 24 months, on July 31, 2025. The aggregate principal amount of the notes is $18,000,000. The Company will pay to the Investors an aggregate of $1,000,000 per month beginning on the last business day of the sixth (6th) full calendar month following the issuance thereof. The Senior Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“Common Stock”), at a conversion price per share of $225.0, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances described in the Senior Notes. There is a 125% conversion premium for any principal converted to shares of common stock. In occurrence of an event of default, until such event of default has been cured, the Holder may, at the Holder’s option, convert all, or any part of, the Conversion Amount (into shares of Common Stock at a conversion rate equal to the quotient of (x) the Redemption Premium of the Conversion Amount, divided by (y) the greater of (A) 90% of the lowest VWAP of the Common Stock for the three (3) Trading Days immediately preceding the delivery or deemed delivery of the applicable Conversion Notice, and (B) the lesser of (1) 80% of the VWAP of the Common Stock as of the Trading Day immediately preceding the delivery or deemed delivery of the applicable Conversion Notice, and (2) 80% of the price computed as the quotient of (x) the sum of the VWAPs of the Common Stock for each of the three (3) Trading Days with the lowest VWAP of the Common Stock during the fifteen (15) consecutive Trading Day period ending and including the Trading Day immediately preceding the delivery or deemed delivery of the applicable Conversion Notice, divided by (y) three (3) and (II) the floor price of $29.40. To secure its obligations thereunder and under the Purchase Agreement, the Company has granted a security interest over substantially all of its assets to the collateral agent for the benefit of the Investors, pursuant to a security agreement and a related trademark security agreement. The Company has the option to redeem the Senior Notes at a 10% redemption premium. There is a 125% change in control redemption premium. The maturity date of the Senior Notes also may be extended by the holders under circumstances specified therein. Danny Meeks, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and the Company’s subsidiaries each guaranteed the Company’s obligations under the Senior Notes. In the event of default, the Company shall immediately pay to the Holder an amount in cash representing (i) all outstanding Principal and accrued and unpaid late charges on such principal, multiplied by (ii) the Redemption Premium, in addition to any and all other amounts due hereunder, without the requirement for any notice or demand or other action by the holder or any other person or entity, provided that the Holder may, in its sole discretion, waive such right to receive payment upon a bankruptcy event of default. The Warrants are exercisable for five years to purchase an aggregate of 4,420,460 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.01, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances described in the Warrants. There were an additional 866,441 warrants issued at an exercise price of $1.50 per share for a period of five years as commission for the offering, the Company credited additional paid in capital $3,279,570 and $753,567 for a debt discount for the fair value of warrants issued in its senior secured debt offering and the warrants issued as commission for its senior secured debt offering, respectively. Further, there was a $3,850,000 debt discount created for the offering costs and original issuance discount on the Senior Notes.

The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 148.60% to 149.08%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.18% -4.70%, and (4) expected life of 5.01 years. During the year ended December 31, 2023, there was amortization of debt discount of $2,219,221.

On August 21, 2023, as a result of the Company’s registered direct offering, the conversion price of the Senior Notes was reduced from $225.00 to $153.00 per share. The Company credited additional paid in capital $5,022,200 for a deemed dividend for the triggering of certain price protection provisions in its senior secured debt. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company credited additional paid in capital $5,022,200 for a deemed dividend for the triggering of certain price protection provisions in its senior secured debt. The Company estimated the fair value of the deemed dividend using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 148.60%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.70%, and (4) expected life of 2.95 years.

On March 18, 2024, the Company obtained the waiver of the following covenants from holders of the notes: (i) until September 30, 2024, the Available Cash Test covenant contained in Section 14(t)(i) of the Notes; (ii) the right to receive the Amortization Amount for the next four (4) consecutive Amortization Dates immediately following the date of the waiver, with the aggregate of such Amortization Amounts now instead being due on the Maturity Date; and (iii) notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Notes, through and including the sixtieth (60) calendar day following the date of the waiver, (A) if the average closing price on the Eligible Market of the Common Stock on the three (3) most recent Trading Days is less than $37.50, the Holder cannot convert the Note into Common Stock and (B) if the average closing price on the Eligible Market of the Common Stock on the three (3) most recent Trading Days is $37.50 or greater, there shall be no limitations as to the amount of the Note that may be converted into Common Stock.

On March 18, 2024, as a result of the Company’s warrant inducement, the conversion price of the Senior Notes was reduced from $153.0 to $29.40 per share. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $0 and $23,953,940, respectively, for a deemed dividend for the triggering of certain price protection provisions in its senior secured debt. The Company estimated the fair value of the deemed dividend using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 93%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 5.06%, and (4) expected life of 1.37 years.

On May 3, 2024, the Company entered into an amendment to its senior secured convertible promissory note originally signed July 31, 2023. The amendment, among other things, changed the conversion price of the senior notes to $7.50, subject to certain circumstances described in the Senior Notes along with certain conversion price adjustment mechanism. As a result of the modification, the Company recorded a loss on debt extinguishment for the change in fair value of the conversion option in the amount of $16,333,271

On May 9, 2024, the Company and the Investors entered into a Waiver Agreement (the “Waiver Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company and the Investors decided to waive the Conversion Prohibition in the March Consent and Waiver.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, there was amortization of debt discount $5,901,759. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made cash payments of $1,497,083 on the principal of the convertible notes. During the year ended December 31, 2024, holders converted $16,502,905 of principal into 22,532 shares of common stock with a fair value of $30,716,938 (See Note 14 – Stockholder’s Equity). The Company realized a loss from the conversion premium of $14,213,480 on conversion of notes during the year ended December 31, 2024

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the carrying value of the convertible notes was $0 and $0, respectively.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the current and non-current portions of the note were $0 and $0, respectively.

NOTE 14 –DERIVATIVE LIABILITIES AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

On May 16, 2024 as a result of the issuance of additional warrants under the security purchase agreements, the Company no longer had sufficient authorized shares in the event that all potentially dilutive instruments were exercised. As a result, the Company evaluated the warrants issued under ASC 480 and determined that certain warrants no longer qualified as equity instruments and qualify for derivative liability treatment. The Company elected to use a first-in, first-out sequencing method to determine which dilutive instruments met the definition of a derivative liability.

The Company estimated the fair value of the initial derivative liability using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 141.83%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.46%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

The Company estimated the fair value of the derivative liability upon the settlement date using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 159.02%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.52%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 825-10. ASC 825-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of non-performance. ASC 825-10 establishes a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 825-10 establishes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

All items required to be recorded or measured on a recurring basis are based upon Level 3 inputs.

To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is disclosed and is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company recognizes its derivative liabilities as Level 3 and values its derivatives using the methods discussed below. While the Company believes that its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, it recognizes that the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. The primary assumptions that would significantly affect the fair values using the methods discussed are that of volatility and market price of the underlying common stock of the Company.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company did not have any derivative instruments that were designated as hedges.

Items recorded or measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the accompanying consolidated financial statements consisted of the following items as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:

The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial liabilities for the two years ended December 31, 2025:

Fluctuations in the Company’s stock price are a primary driver for the changes in the derivative valuations during each reporting period. As the stock price increases/(decreases) for each of the related derivative instruments, the value to the holder of the instrument generally increases/(decreases), therefore increasing/(decreasing) the liability on the Company’s balance sheet. Decreases in the conversion price of the Company’s convertible notes are another driver for the changes in the derivative valuations during each reporting period. As the conversion price decreases for each of the related derivative instruments, the value to the holder of the instrument (especially those with full ratchet price protection) generally increases, therefore increasing the liability on the Company’s balance sheet. Additionally, stock price volatility is one of the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of each of the Company’s derivative instruments. The simulated fair value of these liabilities is sensitive to changes in the Company’s expected volatility. Increases in expected volatility would generally result in higher fair value measurements. A 10% change in pricing inputs and changes in volatilities and correlation factors would not result in a material change in our Level 3 fair value.

NOTE 15 –STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share.

Series D

On March 29, 2024, the Company authorized the issuance of 1,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series D”). The Series D has a $10,000 stated value per share. The Series D is convertible into the Company’s common stock at $3,366 per share, subject to adjustment as set forth therein, except the Preferred Stock is not convertible until such time as the currently outstanding senior secured indebtedness of the Company has been satisfied in full. In addition, the Company has the right to redeem the Series D in cash or shares of its Common Stock.

On March 29, 2024, the Company entered into an exchange agreement with DWM Properties LLC (“DWM”), whereby the Company and DWM agreed to exchange $10,000,000 of that certain Secured Promissory Note, dated July 31, 2023, to be issued by the Company to the DWM for shares of the Company’s newly created Series D.

On May 10, 2024, the Company entered into an exchange agreement with DWM, whereby the Company and DWM agreed to exchange 1,000 shares of the Company’s Series D issued by the Company to DWM, for 12,122 shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of the transaction, the Series D stock were extinguished. The resulting gain on the transaction of $1,224,400 for the difference between the fair value of the common stock and the carrying value of the Series D was recorded as a contribution of capital as the transaction was between related parties.

On May 28, 2024, the Company filed a Certificate of Elimination to retire the class of Series D preferred stock.

As of December 31, 2025, there were 0 shares of Series D issued and outstanding.

Series A-1

On November 15, 2024, the Company authorized the issuance of 450,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share. The Series A-1 Preferred Stock has a $1,000 stated value per share and each share is convertible into common stock at 0.0001% of the then-outstanding shares of common stock at the election of the holder. The Series A-1 have a liquidation preference senior to common, do not bear dividends, and are entitled to vote on an as-converted basis.

On December 2, 2024, the Company issued 450,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock as consideration for land and permits purchased from DWM Properties, LLC, controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. The value of the shares of Series A-1 was calculated on an as-converted basis at $3,300,048.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, there were 450,000 and 450,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Common Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 1,200,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 74,084 shares of common stock pursuant to purchase agreements for cash proceeds of $40,369,115, net of legal fees and commissions of $2,071,451.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 987 shares pursuant to the exercise of warrants for cash proceeds of $2,834,741, net of legal fees $139,955. The Company issued extra shares with a value of $52,183.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 107,337 shares pursuant to the cashless exercise of warrants.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 1,415 shares as an adjustment to round-up fractional shares for the reverse-split.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 12,121 shares for the exchange of Series D Preferred Stock.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 3,749 shares for the exchange and retirement of a related-party debt note in the principal amount of $7,218,350.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 26,280 shares of common stock for the conversion of debt in the principal amount of $16,502,917 with a fair value of $37,953,304. The Company realized a $14,213,480 loss from the conversion premiums on the conversion of the notes.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 13,939 with a value of $761,124, of which $761,124 vested and services were performed during the year ended December 31, 2024 and $76,875 vested and services will be performed in 2025.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 3,427 shares of common stock for services rendered.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 328,451 shares of common stock pursuant to the cashless exercises of warrants.

During the year ended December 31, 2025 the Company issued 260,403 shares of common stock and warrants pursuant to purchase agreements for total cash proceeds of approximately $11,041,070, gross of offering costs, and $10,478,605 net of $562,465 in offering fees.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company issued 159 shares of common stock pursuant to rounding upon the effectuation of a reverse stock split.

As of December 31, 2025 and 2024 there were 829,631 and 237,191 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, respectively.

Additional Paid in Capital

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $3,004,909 for the fair value of warrants issued as commission for its warrant inducement and common stock purchase agreements. The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 122.93 –162.12%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.21 – 4.66%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $3,029,927 for the fair value of warrants issued for its warrant inducement. The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 123.05%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.22%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $23,943,940 for a deemed dividend for the triggering of certain price protection provisions in the conversion feature of its senior secured debt. The Company estimated the fair value of the deemed dividend using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 93%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 5.06%, and (4) expected life of 1.37 years.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $52,574,896 for deemed dividends for the reduction in the exercise price of certain warrants. The Company estimated the fair value of the deemed dividends using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 108.49 –162.12%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 4.36 –4.64%, and (4) expected life of 5 years.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company credited additional paid in capital $12,388,229 for the modification of the conversion feature related to then outstanding convertible notes payable. The Company estimated the change in fair value of the conversion feature using the Black-Scholes Pricing Model based on the following assumptions: (1) dividend yield of 0%, (2) expected volatility of 130.66%, (3) risk-free interest rate of 5.12%, and (4) expected life of 1.24 years.

On May 16, 2024 as a result of the issuance of additional warrants under the security purchase agreements, the Company no longer had sufficient authorized shares in the event that all potentially dilutive instruments were exercised. The Company accounted for the warrants affected under a sequencing approach as a derivative liability under ASC 815 due to the lack of net share settlement. The Company debited additional paid in capital $64,951,789 to establish the derivative liability. Upon the Company enacting the Reverse Stock Split on May 31, 2024, the authorized share shortfall was alleviated and the Company credited additional paid in capital $16,636,840, after the reclassification into equity. See Note 18 for further details

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company credited additional paid-in capital approximately $10.5 million related to the issuance of common stock and warrants pursuant to purchase agreements for cash, net of offering costs.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recorded a deemed dividend of approximately $3.0 million in additional paid-in capital for the reduction in the exercise price of certain outstanding warrants.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized $99,996 in additional paid-in capital for common stock issued for services rendered.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized $(329) in additional paid-in capital for common stock issued pursuant to the cashless exercise of warrants.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company recognized $1490 in additional paid in capital pursuant to rounding for the effectuation of a reverse stock split.

NOTE 16 –WARRANTS

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into warrant exercise inducement offer letters with the holders of its existing warrants, pursuant to which it issued 972 shares of common stock and recorded an additional 15 shares to be issued for cash proceeds of $2,834,632, payment of legal fees $139,955, and were issued new warrants to purchase 1,669 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $3,366 per share. On March 18, 2024, the Company realized a deemed dividend of $1,444,324 for a deemed dividend for the reduction in the exercise price. On March 18, 2024, the Company realized an expense for the issuance of new warrants for the inducement of $3,029,927.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company issued 840 warrants to purchase common stock to its financial advisor, for which it recognized an expense of $3,004,909 for the fair value of the warrants.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, and prior to the Reverse Stock Split, the Company issued 29,891 warrants to purchase common stock in connection with the security purchase agreements described above. The warrants have a term of 5 years and were granted with exercise prices between $3,300 and $4,950.

As a result of the Reverse Stock Split on May 31, 2024, the Company issued 166,095 additional warrants to purchase shares of common stock pursuant to the reverse-split price protection clauses contained within the warrants, such that the exercise price of the warrant would be reset to the volume weighted average price following a reverse-split and the number of shares issuable under the warrant would also increase.

During the year ended December 31, 2024,143,115 warrants were exercised on a cashless basis for 107,337 shares of common stock.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company entered into exchange agreements with holders of 50,445 warrants wherebythe Company and the warrant holders agreed to exchange the warrants for shares of common stock equivalent to 96% of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants, or 48,435 shares of common stock. Concurrently, the Company and the holders of 38,868 warrants issued on or about March 18, 2024, April 22, 2024, and May 16, 2024, agreed to amend these warrants to reduce the exercise price from $2.91 to $1.50 per share, increase the number of shares issuable upon exercise by 250%, and remove certain adjustment provisions in the event of certain dilutive issuances or share combinations. As a result of this amendment, an additional 58,293 warrants were issued.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, an additional 8,843 warrants were cashless exercised into 55,066 shares of common stock.

On January 10, 2025,68,581 warrants were exercised into 68,581 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $58.30 per share.

On February 10, 2025,155,451 warrants were exercised into 155,451 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $36.30 per share.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, an additional 98,246 warrants were cashless exercised into 137,185 shares of common stock.

During the three months ended December 31, 2025, an additional 181,599 warrants were cashless exercised into 136,200 shares of common stock.

A summary of the warrant activity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock warrants was $0 based on warrants with an exercise price less than the Company’s stock price of $5.24 as of December 31, 2025 which would have been received by the warrant holders had those holders exercised the warrants as of that date.

NOTE 17 –STOCK OPTIONS

Our stockholders approved our 2014 Equity Incentive Plan in June 2014 (the “2014 Plan”), our 2015 Equity Incentive Plan in December 2015 (the “2015 Plan”), our 2016 Equity Incentive Plan in October 2016 (“2016 Plan”), our 2017 Equity Incentive Plan in December 2016 (“2017 Plan”), our 2018 Equity Incentive Plan in June 2018 (the “2018 Plan”), our 2021 Equity Incentive Plan in September 2021 (“2021 Plan”), our 2022 Equity Incentive Plan in November 2022, our 2023 Equity Incentive Plan in October 2023 (“2023 Plan”), and our 2024 Equity Incentive Plan in May 2024 (“2024 Plan”, and together with the 2014 Plan, 2015 Plan, 2016 Plan, 2017 Plan, 2018 Plan, 2021 Plan, 2022 Plan, and 2023 Plan, the “Plans”). The Plans are identical, except for the number of shares reserved for issuance under each. In July 2024, shareholders amended our 2024 Plan to increase the number of shares reserved for issuance thereunder by 27,091 to a total of 27,273 shares. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had granted an aggregate of 13,970 securities under the Plans since inception, with 13,388 shares available for future issuances.

The Plans provide for the grant of incentive stock options to our employees and our subsidiaries’ employees, and for the grant of stock options, stock bonus awards, restricted stock awards, performance stock awards and other forms of stock compensation to our employees, including officers, consultants and directors. The Prior Plans also provide that the grant of performance stock awards may be paid out in cash as determined by the committee administering the Prior Plans.

Option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions. The fair value of stock-based payment awards was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with a volatility figure derived from historical data. The Company accounts for the expected life of options based on the contractual life of the options.

A summary of the stock option activity for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

The aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding stock options was $0, based on options with an exercise price greater than the Company’s stock price of $5.24 as of December 31, 2025, which would have been received by the option holders had those option holders exercised their options as of that date.

The fair value of all options that vested during the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $0 and $0, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense was $0 as of December 31, 2025.

NOTE 18 –INCOME TAXES

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Acts (the “Act”) was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Act reduces the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%. ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” requires that effects of changes in tax rates to be recognized in the period enacted. Recognizing the late enactment of the Act and complexity of accurately accounting for its impact, the Securities and Exchange Commission in Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 provides guidance that allows registrants to provide a reasonable estimate of the Act in their financial statements and adjust the reported impact in a measurement period not to exceed one year.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disaggregated information about the effective tax rate reconciliation (presented in both dollars and percentages using prescribed categories) and additional information regarding income taxes paid and the components of income tax expense by jurisdiction. The Company adopted ASU 2023-09 for the year ended December 31, 2025 on a prospective basis. The Company operates solely within the United States; accordingly, all pre-tax loss from continuing operations is domestic, there are no foreign tax effects, and income taxes are levied in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and the Commonwealth of Virginia, which comprises the entirety of the state and local income tax category.

At December 31, 2025, the Company has available for income tax purposes of approximately $47,264,135 and $65,785,385 in federal net operating loss (NOL) carry forward which begin expiring in the year 2033 and with no expiration, respectively, that may be used to offset future taxable income. Further, the Company has available for income tax purposes of approximately $61,608,152 and $73,538,544 in Colorado and Virginia, respectively, state net operating loss (NOL) carry forward which begin expiring in the year 2033, that may be used to offset future taxable income. The Company has provided a valuation reserve against the full amount of the net operating loss benefit, since in the opinion of management based upon the earnings history of the Company; it is more likely than not that the benefits will not be realized. Due to possible significant changes in the Company’s ownership, the future use of its existing net operating losses may be limited. All or portion of the remaining valuation allowance may be reduced in future years based on an assessment of earnings sufficient to fully utilize these potential tax benefits. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company has increased the valuation allowance from $22,215,116 to $27,948,394.

The Company has adopted the provisions of ASC 740-10-25, which provides recognition criteria and a related measurement model for uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in income tax returns. ASC 740-10-25 requires that a position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return be recognized in the financial statements when it is more likely than not that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities.

Tax position that meet the more likely than not threshold are then measured using a probability weighted approach recognizing the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company had no tax positions relating to open income tax returns that were considered to be uncertain.

Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), provide for annual limitations on the utilization of net operating loss and credit carryforwards if the Company were to undergo an ownership change, as defined in Section 382 of the Code. In general, an ownership change occurs whenever the percentage of the shares of a corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by 5-percent stockholders, as defined in Section 382 of the Code, increases by more than 50 percentage points over the lowest percentage of the shares of such corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by such 5-percent stockholders at any time over the preceding three years. In the event such ownership change occurs, the annual limitation may result in the expiration of the net operating losses prior to full utilization.

The Company is required to file income tax returns in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and the state of Virginia. The Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations by tax authorities for tax years ending before December 31, 2016.

SCHEDULE OF COMPONENTS OF INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)

The components of the provision for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

Total income tax expense disaggregated by jurisdiction was $0 for federal, state and local, and foreign for both years. Income taxes paid, net of refunds, were as follows:

SCHEDULE OF PRE-TAX INCOME (LOSS) BY JURISDICTION

Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing operations, by domestic and foreign jurisdiction, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, is as follows:

The Company conducts all of its operations within the United States; accordingly, there was no foreign component of pre-tax income (loss) for either year.

SCHEDULE OF EFFECTIVE TAX RATE RECONCILIATION

A reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate to the Company’s effective income tax for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, presented in both dollars and percentages, is as follows:

The change in valuation allowance presented above agrees to the change in the valuation allowance on the deferred tax schedule; the residual net effect of current-year temporary differences (depreciation, amortization, interest and accrued compensation) that are not benefited is presented in “Other.” Reconciling categories not applicable to the Company (nil for all periods) include foreign tax effects; the effect of cross-border tax laws; the effect of changes in tax laws or rates enacted in the current period; and changes in unrecognized tax benefits.

SCHEDULE OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETS

The Company’s deferred taxes as of December 31, 2025 and 2024 consist of the following:

The Company follows ASC 740-10 for recording the provision for income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are computed based upon the difference between the financial statement and income tax basis of assets and liabilities using the enacted marginal tax rate applicable when the related asset or liability is expected to be realized or settled. Deferred income tax expenses or benefits are based on the changes in the asset or liability during each period.

If available evidence suggests that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is required to reduce the deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Future changes in such valuation allowance are included in the provision for deferred income taxes in the period of change. Deferred income taxes may arise from temporary differences resulting from income and expense items reported for financial accounting and tax purposes in different periods.

NOTE 19 –RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Agreements with Danny Meeks and Affiliates of Danny Meeks

Related-Party Hauling, Mechanic, Equipment Rental, and Miscellaneous Services

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company provided $392,644 and $850,737, respectively, in hauling services to an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer $816,993 and $1,396,330, respectively, for hauling services rendered to the Company.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid entities controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer $0 and $147,401, respectively, for scrap metal provided to the Company.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer $0 and $847,326, respectively, for mechanic and repair services provided to the Company.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer $0 and $506,358, respectively, for equipment rentals provided to the Company.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company paid an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer $1,219,207 and $0, respectively, for materials sold to the Company.

During the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company received $56,100 and $0 in other income - related party for the rental of equipment to an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, respectively.

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company leased 12 scrap yard facilities and equipment from an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, including the lease for the Chesapeake location described above, for $1,502,830. As of December 31, 2024, the Company owed $495,354 in accrued rent and reimbursements to an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.

On July 31, 2023, the Company entered into a secured promissory note with an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer in the principal amount of $17,218,350. The note was for the purchase of certain equipment from an entity controlled by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and is secured by such equipment. The note matures on July 31, 2043 and accrues interest at 7% per annum. The note requires interest-only payments until the senior secured debt is fully satisfied. The Company made payments of $0 towards principal and interest during the year ended December 31, 2024. On March 29, 2024, the holder of the note exchanged $10,000,000 in principal for 1,000 shares of Series D Preferred Stock. On April 21, 2024, the holder of the note exchanged $7,218,350 in principal for 3,749 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2024, the note had a balance of $0.

On May 10, 2024, the Company entered into an exchange agreement with DWM, whereby the Company and DWM agreed to exchange 1,000 shares of the Company’s Series D issued by the Company to DWM, for 12,122 shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of the transaction, the Series D stock was extinguished. The resulting gain on the transaction of $1,224,400 for the difference between the fair value of the common stock and the carrying value of the Series D was recorded as a contribution of capital as the transaction was between related parties.

On June 5, 2024, the Company entered into a Bill of Sale with DWM Properties LLC, an entity wholly-owned by Danny Meeks, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase certain vehicles held by DWM in exchange for $3,582,181. The equipment included 27 trucks which enabled the Company to rapidly expand its fleet of trucks offering hauling services to clients, as well as transporting its scrap metal products to customers. The Company has recorded the equipment on its financial statements at its cost basis.

On December 2, 2024, the Company entered into a Contract of Sale with DWM Properties LLC (“DWM”), KPAJ, LLC and Oceana Salvage Properties, L.L.C. (collectively, the “Sellers”), in each case, an entity affiliated with Danny Meeks, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase the Premises held by the Sellers for an aggregate purchase price of $15,000,000, to be allocated among the seven parcels comprising the Premises and the Licenses and Permits. The transaction closed on December 2, 2024.

The purchase price is payable by (i) the issuance of an aggregate of 450,000 shares of Series A-1 Preferred Stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share, to the Sellers at an aggregate valuation of $3,300,084 and (ii) the issuance of a promissory note payable to DWM (the “DWM Note”) in the aggregate principal amount of $11,699,916. The DWM Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, and is payable in equal installments of $2,983,309 on each of December 31, 2024, January 31, 2025, February 28, 2025 and March 31, 2025; provided, that if payment on a Payment Date would cause the Company’s cash balance to be less than $3,000,000, then such Payment Date and each subsequent Payment Date shall be extended by 30 days. The Company made payments of $4,008,057 towards principal during the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the note had a principal balance and accrued interest of $5,391,859 and $7,691,859, respectively.

NOTE 20 –SEGMENT REPORTING

Greenwave is organized into three operating segments based on our differentiated products – Scrap Metal Recycling, Hauling, and Other (primarily comprised of rental income).

We haveone reportable geographic segment: the United States of America as all of our scrap metal is sourced domestically.

Our CODM, Danny Meeks, Chairman and CEO, evaluates performance on an operating segment basis, as well as a consolidated basis, based on revenues and operating cashflows. This measure is used by our CODM, management, investors, lenders and other external users of our financial statements to assess our operating performance and to compare operating performance to other companies in the metal recycling industry. Our CODM utilizes segment profit and loss in assessing segment performance and allocating resources.

Operating expenses, including selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, and other operating costs, are managed centrally and are not allocated to individual operating segments. These expenses are not included in the information regularly provided to or reviewed by the CODM when evaluating segment performance or making resource allocation decisions. As such, consistent with the requirements of ASU 2023-07, we present operating expenses only in the “Total” column and do not disaggregate these expenses by segment.

The following tables provide our results by segment:

NOTE 21 –SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Appointment of Chelsea Pullano as Chief Financial Officer of the Company

Effective as of February 5, 2026, the board of directors (“Board”) of the Company appointed Chelsea Pullano as Chief Financial Officer of the Company. In connection with Ms. Pullano’s appointment, Danny Meeks resigned as the interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Ms. Pullano’s appointment is in connection with the Company’s entry into the scope of work agreement (the “CFO Agreement”) with MACK Financial Solutions, LLC (“MACK”), dated January 2, 2026, pursuant to which MACK agreed to provide professional services to the Company, including oversight of all bookkeeping, financial reporting and SEC reporting duties of the Company (collectively, the “MACK Services”) and Ms. Pullano serving as the part-time Chief Financial Officer of the Company, subject to her appointment by the Board. As CFO, Ms. Pullano will provide strategic financial oversight and executive-level support to the Company, including review and certification of SEC filings, financial reporting coordination with auditors, legal counsel, and other outsourced accounting professionals, and other responsibilities customarily performed by a CFO of a public company (collectively, the “CFO Services” and together with the MACK Services, the “Services”).

In consideration of the Services to be performed, the Company will pay MACK $7,500 per month for the CFO Services and an aggregate of $12,500 per month for the MACK Services. Additionally, Ms. Pullano will be entitled to the same indemnification, advancement of expenses, and other protections afforded to similarly situated officers of the Company under its organizational documents and applicable law. The CFO Agreement may be terminated by either the Company or MACK upon thirty days’ notice. The foregoing description of the CFO Agreement does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the CFO Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Exhibit 10.34 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.

On May 23, 2025, the Company received a notice from the Listing Qualifications Department of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC regarding the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2025 (the “Q1 Form 10-Q”) with the SEC. The Company previously submitted a plan to Nasdaq to regain compliance with respect to the delinquent Q1 Form 10-Q, and Nasdaq granted the Company an exception until August 22, 2025, to evidence compliance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1).

On April 20, 2026, the Company received a letter from the Listing Qualifications Department of Nasdaq notifying the Company that because it has not yet filed its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 Form 10-K”) with the SEC, Nasdaq has determined that the Company no longer complies with the filing requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1) (“Listing Rule 5250(c)(1)”).

The Staff informed the Company that is has 60 calendar days to submit a plan to regain compliance with Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). If the Staff accepts the Company’s plan to regain compliance, then it may grant the Company an exception of up to 180 calendar days from the 2025 Form 10-K’s due date, or until October 12, 2026, to regain compliance.

On May 21, 2026, the Company received an additional delinquency notification letter from Nasdaq due to the Company’s failure to timely file its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2026. The Staff informed the Company that is has until June 22, 2026 to submit a plan to regain compliance with the Nasdaq Listing Rule 5250(c)(1). If the Staff accepts the Company’s plan to regain compliance, then it may grant the Company an exception of up to 180 calendar days from the Annual Report’s due date, or until October 12, 2026, to evidence compliance with the Rule.