Gulf Coast Ultra Deep Royalty Trust

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

1. BASIS OF ACCOUNTING AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The financial statements of Gulf Coast Ultra Deep Royalty Trust (the Royalty Trust) are prepared on the modified cash basis of accounting and are not intended to present the Royalty Trust’s financial position and results of operations in conformity with United States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). This other comprehensive basis of accounting corresponds to the accounting permitted for royalty trusts by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), as specified by Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 12:E,Financial Statements of Royalty Trusts.

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all required information and disclosures. Therefore, this information should be read in conjunction with the Royalty Trust’s financial statements and notes contained in its annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the 2025 Form 10-K). The information furnished herein reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (the Trustee), necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods reported. All such adjustments are, in the opinion of the Trustee, of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for the three-month period ended March 31, 2026, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2026.

Royalties are recorded in royalty income on the statements of distributable income when received under the modified cash basis of accounting. Significant accounting policies are consistent with Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies in Part II, Item 8 of the 2025 Form 10-K.

The Royalty Trust evaluates the carrying values of the overriding royalty interests in the subject interests for impairment if conditions indicate that potential uncertainty exists regarding the Royalty Trust’s ability to recover its recorded amounts related to the overriding royalty interests. Indications of potential impairment with respect to the overriding royalty interests can include, among other things, subject interest lease expirations, reductions in estimated reserve quantities or resource potential, changes in estimated future oil and natural gas prices, exploration costs, and/or drilling plans, and other matters that arise that could negatively impact the carrying values of the overriding royalty interests. If an impairment event occurs and it is determined that the carrying value of the Royalty Trust’s overriding royalty interests in the subject interests may not be recoverable, an impairment will be recognized as measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the overriding royalty interests in the subject interests exceeds the fair value of these assets, which would be measured by discounting projected cash flows. The related impairment amounts are recorded as a reduction to the overriding royalty interest with an offsetting reduction to the Trust Corpus in the period such impairment is determined. Impairment of the carrying values of the overriding royalty interests in the subject interests involves a significant amount of judgment and may be subject to changes over time based on drilling plans and results, geophysical evaluations, the assignment of proved natural gas reserves, availability of capital and other factors. Fair value accounting guidance includes a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). When indicators of impairment are present and it is determined that the carrying value of the Royalty Trust’s overriding royalty interests in the subject interests exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows of the subject interest, fair value estimates utilized in the impairment assessment are determined based on inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements.

2. FORMATION OF THE ROYALTY TRUST

On June 3, 2013, Freeport-McMoRan Inc. (FCX) and McMoRan Exploration Co. (MMR) completed the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 5, 2012 (the merger agreement), by and among MMR, FCX, and INAVN Corp., a Delaware corporation and indirect wholly owned subsidiary of FCX (Merger Sub). Pursuant to the merger agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into MMR, with MMR surviving the merger as an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of FCX (the merger).

The Royalty Trust is a statutory trust created as contemplated by the merger agreement by FCX under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act pursuant to a trust agreement entered into on December 18, 2012 (inception), by and among FCX, as depositor, Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Delaware trustee, and certain officers of FCX, as regular trustees. On May 29, 2013, Wilmington Trust, National Association, was replaced by BNY Trust of Delaware, as Delaware trustee (the Delaware Trustee), through an action of the depositor. Effective June 3, 2013, the regular trustees were replaced by The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., a national banking association, as trustee (the Trustee).

The Royalty Trust was created to hold a 5% gross overriding royalty interest (collectively, the overriding royalty interests) in future production from each of the Inboard Lower Tertiary/Cretaceous exploration prospects of McMoRan Oil & Gas LLC (McMoRan) located in the shallow waters of the Gulf of Mexico and onshore in South Louisiana that existed as of December 5, 2012, the date of the merger agreement (collectively, the subject interests). The subject interests were “carved out” of the mineral interests acquired by FCX pursuant to the merger and were not considered part of FCX’s purchase consideration of MMR.

In connection with the merger, on June 3, 2013, (1) FCX, as depositor, McMoRan, as grantor, the Trustee and the Delaware Trustee entered into the amended and restated royalty trust agreement to govern the Royalty Trust and the respective rights and obligations of FCX, the Trustee, the Delaware Trustee, and the Royalty Trust unitholders with respect to the Royalty Trust (the Royalty Trust Agreement); and (2) McMoRan, as grantor, and the Royalty Trust, as grantee, entered into the master conveyance of overriding royalty interests (the master conveyance) pursuant to which McMoRan conveyed to the Royalty Trust the overriding royalty interests in future production from the subject interests. Other than (a) its formation, (b) its receipt of contributions and loans from the Depositor (defined below) for administrative and other expenses as provided for in the Royalty Trust Agreement, (c) its payment of such administrative and other expenses, (d) its repayment of loans from the Depositor, (e) its receipt of the conveyance of the overriding royalty interests from McMoRan pursuant to the master conveyance, (f) its receipt of royalties from McMoRan or Highlander Oil & Gas Assets LLC (HOGA), and (g) its cash dividends to Royalty Trust unitholders, if any, the Royalty Trust has not conducted any activities.

On February 5, 2019, McMoRan completed the sale of all of its rights, title and interest in and to the onshore Highlander subject interest pursuant to a purchase and sale agreement with HOGA (the Highlander Sale). The onshore Highlander subject interest was sold subject to the overriding royalty interest in future production held by the Royalty Trust. As a result of the Highlander Sale, HOGA has a 72 percent working interest and an approximate 48 percent net revenue interest in the onshore Highlander subject interest. The Royalty Trust continues to hold a 3.6 percent overriding royalty interest in the onshore Highlander subject interest. HOGA is the operator of the Highlander subject interest. The onshore Highlander subject interest is the only subject interest in which HOGA has an interest, as McMoRan previously had relinquished, allowed to expire or sold all of the other subject interests.

Effective December 31, 2024 (the Effective Date), FCX, McMoRan and HOGA entered into an Assignment and Assumption Agreement and Bill of Sale, pursuant to which (1) FCX assigned to HOGA, and HOGA assumed, all of the financial and other obligations of FCX as depositor under the Royalty Trust Agreement, and (2) McMoRan assigned to HOGA, and HOGA assumed, all of the rights and obligations of McMoRan as grantor under the Royalty Trust Agreement and the master conveyance that were not previously assumed by HOGA at the time of the Highlander Sale (collectively, the Assignment). Notwithstanding the Assignment, FCX remains obligated to perform the financial and other obligations owed to the Royalty Trust by the depositor under the Royalty Trust Agreement, if HOGA were to be unable to fully perform such obligations in the future. In this Form 10-Q, the “Depositor” refers to FCX, for all periods ending prior to the Effective Date, and to HOGA, for all periods beginning on and after the Effective Date; and the “Grantor” refers to McMoRan, for all periods ending prior to the Effective Date, and to HOGA, for all periods beginning on and after the Effective Date.

3. OVERRIDING ROYALTY INTERESTS

The onshore Highlander subject interest is the only subject interest in which the Royalty Trust holds an overriding royalty interest. There were no amortization charges related to production volumes associated with the onshore Highlander subject interest during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, as the Royalty Trust fully impaired the carrying value of the onshore Highlander subject interest during the year ended December 31, 2023.

HOGA has a 72 percent working interest and an approximate 48 percent net revenue interest in the onshore Highlander subject interest. The Royalty Trust holds a 3.6 percent overriding royalty interest in the onshore Highlander subject interest. HOGA is the operator of the onshore Highlander subject interest.

As previously disclosed, the sole well producing from the onshore Highlander subject interest experienced an operational issue on January 19, 2023, resulting in substantial amounts of water entering the well, which caused a shut in of the well before production resumed at significantly reduced levels. Following an evaluation by HOGA’s field operations team, HOGA determined that it would be necessary to commence operations to control the water production, in expectation of eventually initiating “kill” operations on the well. HOGA informed the Trustee that the well was shut in effective March 31, 2023 and production from the well ceased. HOGA informed the Trustee that due to the underground flow of fluids into the wellbore, the well could not be salvaged and would be required to be plugged and abandoned. HOGA subsequently notified the Trustee that operations had begun to permanently plug and abandon the sole well producing from the onshore Highlander subject interest in March 2024. Abandoning the well eliminated any production from the onshore Highlander subject interest, which also eliminated any proceeds to which the Royalty Trust would be entitled pursuant to its overriding royalty interests. Unless another well is drilled on the onshore Highlander subject interest and produces hydrocarbons in commercial quantities, the Royalty Trust does not expect to receive any income attributable to its overriding royalty interests and accordingly, does not expect to have any cash available to distribute to Royalty Trust unitholders in future periods. HOGA previously informed the Trustee that a new well on the onshore Highlander subject interest was spudded on January 30, 2025 and recently reported that the well had reached total depth of 30,862 feet on February 17, 2026; however, the future production status of this well remains unknown. Neither the Trustee nor the Royalty Trust unitholders has any right to control or influence operations of the subject interest.

The Royalty Trust fully impaired the carrying value of the onshore Highlander subject interest by $308,071 during the quarter ended March 31, 2023. Unless a new well is drilled on the onshore Highlander subject interest and produces hydrocarbons in commercial quantities, the Royalty Trust does not expect to receive any income attributable to its overriding royalty interests. Therefore, the Royalty Trust recognized the remaining carrying value of the onshore Highlander subject interest as of March 31, 2023 as an impairment loss. Accumulated amortization was $6,756,701 at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

4. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Royalty Income. In accordance with the terms of the master conveyance, royalties are paid to the Royalty Trust on the last day of the month following the month in which production payments are received by HOGA. The Royalty Trust did not receive royalties during the three-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025. Royalties received by the Royalty Trust must first be used to (i) satisfy Royalty Trust administrative expenses and (ii) reduce Royalty Trust indebtedness. As of March 31, 2026, the outstanding note payable to HOGA was $416,489. As a result, distributions will be made to Royalty Trust unitholders only when royalties received less administrative expenses incurred and repayment of any indebtedness exceeds the minimum cash reserve.

Each quarter, the Trustee will determine the amount of funds available for distribution to the Royalty Trust unitholders. Available funds will equal the excess cash received by the Royalty Trust from the royalty interests and other sources during that quarter over the Royalty Trust’s liabilities for that quarter. Available funds will be reduced by any cash the Trustee reserves against future liabilities. As of March 31, 2026, the Trustee has established a minimum cash reserve of $302,500. The minimum cash reserve is not reflective of the Royalty Trust’s operating cash balance as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

Commencing with the distribution to unitholders in the first quarter of 2022, the Royalty Trust withheld $8,750 from the funds otherwise available for distribution each quarter through the first quarter of 2023, with the intent of gradually building a cash reserve of approximately $350,000. As no proceeds were available for distribution in the three-month period ended March 31, 2026, the Royalty Trust did not withhold any funds for the cash reserve. Unless a new well is drilled on the onshore Highlander subject interest, as discussed in Note 3 above, and produces hydrocarbons in commercial quantities, the Royalty Trust does not intend to withhold funds for the cash reserve in the future, as the Royalty Trust does not expect to have any cash available to distribute to unitholders in future periods. This cash is reserved for the payment of future known, anticipated or contingent expenses or liabilities of the Royalty Trust. The Trustee may increase or decrease the targeted cash reserve amount at any time and may increase or decrease the rate at which it withholds funds to build the cash reserve at any time, without advance notice to the unitholders. Cash held in reserve will be invested as required by the Royalty Trust Agreement. Any cash reserved in excess of the amount necessary to pay or provide for the payment of future known, anticipated or contingent expenses or liabilities eventually will be distributed to unitholders, together with interest earned on the funds. For additional information regarding distributions to Royalty Trust unitholders, see Note 5.

Funding of Administrative Expenses. Pursuant to the Royalty Trust Agreement, the Depositor has agreed to pay annual trust expenses up to a maximum amount of $350,000 (the “Depositor Annual Expense Cap”), with no right of repayment or interest due, to the extent the Royalty Trust lacks sufficient funds to pay administrative expenses. Pursuant to this provision, on January 12, 2026, HOGA contributed $28,923 for fourth quarter 2025 administrative expenses, and on March 2, 2026, HOGA contributed $86,988 for fourth quarter 2025 and first quarter 2026 administrative expenses, all of which funds were applied toward the Depositor Annual Expense Cap for 2026. In the prior year, HOGA contributed the maximum of $350,000 for the payment of trust expenses incurred during the year ended December 31, 2025.

In addition to such annual contributions, the Depositor has agreed to lend money, on an unsecured, interest-free basis, to the Royalty Trust to fund the Royalty Trust’s ordinary administrative expenses as set forth in the Royalty Trust Agreement. All funds the Trustee borrows to cover expenses or liabilities, whether from the Depositor or from any other source, must be repaid before the Royalty Trust unitholders will receive any distributions. The Depositor has loaned funds to the Royalty Trust in the following amounts on the dates set forth below:

As of March 31, 2026, the Royalty Trust has an outstanding note payable to HOGA of $416,489.

Pursuant to the Royalty Trust Agreement, the Depositor agreed to provide and maintain a $1.0 million stand-by reserve account or an equivalent letter of credit for the benefit of the Royalty Trust to enable the Trustee to draw on such reserve account or letter of credit to pay obligations of the Royalty Trust if its funds are inadequate to pay its obligations at any time. Currently, with the consent of the Trustee, the Depositor may reduce the reserve account or substitute a letter of credit with a different face amount for the original letter of credit or any substitute letter of credit. In connection with this arrangement, the Depositor provided $1.0 million to the Royalty Trust. The $1.0 million, plus interest collected thereon, is reflected as reserve fund cash, with a corresponding reserve fund liability in the accompanying Statements of Assets, Liabilities and Trust Corpus. Effective December 31, 2024, FCX assigned its right, title and interest in the stand-by reserve account to HOGA, and HOGA assumed the responsibility to maintain the stand-by reserve account from FCX. The Royalty Trust did not use any funds from the reserve account to pay administrative expenses during the three-month period ended March 31, 2026. As of March 31, 2026, the Depositor had not requested a reduction of the reserve account.

*Administration.*HOGA performs all administrative and reporting responsibilities with respect to the Royalty Trust.

Compensation of the Trustee. The Trustee receives annual compensation of $200,000. Additionally, the Trustee receives reimbursement for its reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the administration of the Royalty Trust. The Trustee’s compensation is paid out of the Royalty Trust’s assets. The Trustee has a lien on the Royalty Trust’s assets to secure payment of its compensation and any indemnification expenses and other amounts to which it is entitled under the Royalty Trust Agreement.

5. DISTRIBUTIONS

There was no distributable income for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 and therefore there were no distributions during those periods.

6. CONTINGENCIES AND OTHER COMMITMENTS

*Litigation.*There are currently no pending legal proceedings to which the Royalty Trust is a party.

7. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On May 12, 2026, HOGA contributed $234,089, representing the remaining portion of the Depositor Annual Expense Cap for 2026, and loaned $18,696 to the Royalty Trust, in each case for the payment of administrative expenses.