LANDMARK BANCORP INC

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Continued)****

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS, CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Interim Financial Statements

The unaudited consolidated financial statements of Landmark Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Landmark National Bank (the “Bank”) and Landmark Risk Management Inc., have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 14, 2026, containing the latest audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto. The consolidated financial statements in this report have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm, but in the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial statements have been reflected herein. The results of the three-month interim period ended March 31, 2026 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the year ending December 31, 2026 or any other future time period. The Company has evaluated subsequent events for recognition and disclosure up to the date the financial statements were issued.

2. Investments

A summary of the Company’s investment securities classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 is as follows:

The amortized cost of the above held-to-maturity investment securities has been further reduced by the allowance for credit losses of $91,000 at both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The tables above show that certain securities in the Company’s available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment portfolios had unrealized losses, or were temporarily impaired, as of both March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. These temporary impairments represent the estimated amount of loss that would be realized if the securities were sold on the valuation date.

The following table summarizes available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position for which an allowance for credit losses had not been recorded at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 along with the length of time each category of securities had been in a continuous loss position as of such dates:

The Company’s U.S. treasury portfolio consists of securities issued by the United States Department of the Treasury (“U.S. treasury”). The receipt of principal and interest on U.S. treasury securities is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Based on these factors, along with the Company’s intent to not sell the securities and its belief that it was more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of its cost basis, the Company believed that the available-for-sale U.S. treasury securities identified in the table above were temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The Company’s portfolio of municipal obligations consists of both tax-exempt and taxable general obligations securities issued by various municipalities. As of March 31, 2026, the Company did not intend to sell and it was more likely than not that the Company would not be required to sell its municipal obligations in an unrealized loss position until the recovery of its cost basis. Due to the issuers’ continued satisfaction of the securities’ obligations in accordance with their contractual terms and the expectation that they will continue to do so, the evaluation of the fundamentals of the issuers’ financial condition and other objective evidence, the Company believed that the municipal obligations identified in the tables above were temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The Company’s agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio consists of securities underwritten to the standards of and guaranteed by the government-sponsored agencies of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal National Mortgage Association and the Government National Mortgage Association. The receipt of principal, at par, and interest on agency mortgage-backed securities is guaranteed by the respective government-sponsored agency guarantor, such that the Company believed that its agency mortgage-backed securities did not expose the Company to credit-related losses. Based on these factors, along with the Company’s intent to not sell the securities and the Company’s belief that it was more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell the securities before recovery of their cost basis, the Company believed that the agency mortgage-backed securities identified in the table above were temporarily impaired as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The Company’s other investment securities portfolio consists of seven subordinated debentures issued by financial institutions. These investment securities were acquired in the Freedom Bank acquisition in 2022 and classified as held-to-maturity. The securities were issued in 2021 and 2022 with a 10-year maturity and a fixed rate for five years. The securities are callable after the end of the fixed rate term. The following table provides information regarding the Company’s allowance for credit losses related to held-to-maturity investment securities for the period presented:

The table below sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of investment securities at March 31, 2026. The table includes scheduled principal payments and estimated prepayments, based on observable market inputs, for agency mortgage-backed securities. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

Sales proceeds and gross realized gains and losses on sales of available-for-sale securities were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025:

Securities with carrying values of $253.1 million and $266.7 million were pledged to secure public funds on deposits, repurchase agreements and as collateral for borrowings at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Except for U.S. federal agency obligations, no investment in a single issuer exceeded 10.0% of consolidated stockholders’ equity.

3. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

Loans consisted of the following as of the dates indicated below:

The following tables provide information on the Company’s allowance for credit losses by loan class and allowance methodology:

The Company recorded net loan charge-offs of $349,000 during the first quarter of 2026, compared to net loan charge-offs of $23,000 during the first quarter of 2025.

The following table presents information regarding non-accrual and loans past due over 89 days and still accruing as of the dates indicated:

The Company has certain loans for which repayment is dependent upon the operation or sale of collateral, as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. The underlying collateral can vary based upon the type of loan. The following table presents information regarding the amortized cost basis and collateral type of collateral-dependent loans as of the dates indicated:

The Company’s key credit quality indicator is a loan’s performance status, defined as accruing or non-accruing. Performing loans are considered to have a lower risk of loss. Non-accrual loans are those which the Company believes have a higher risk of loss. The accrual of interest on non-performing loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent, unless the credit is well secured and in process of collection. Loans are placed on non-accrual or are charged off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. There were no loans 90 days or more delinquent and accruing interest at either March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

The following tables present information regarding the Company’s past due and non-accrual loans by loan class, as of the dates indicated:

Under the original terms of the Company’s non-accrual loans, interest earned on such loans for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 would have increased interest income by $227,000 and $232,000, respectively. No interest income related to non-accrual loans was included in interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025.

The Company also categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis is performed on a quarterly basis. Nonclassified loans generally include those loans that are expected to be repaid in accordance with contractual loan terms. Classified loans are those that are assigned a special mention, substandard or doubtful risk rating using the following definitions:

Special Mention: Loans are currently protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged but such protection is potentially weak. These loans constitute an undue and unwarranted credit risk, but not to the point of justifying a classification of substandard. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitutes an unwarranted risk in light of the circumstances surrounding a specific asset.

Substandard: Loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged. Loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. Loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

Doubtful: Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

The following table presents information regarding the Company’s risk category of loans by type and year of origination, as of the dates indicated:

The following table provides information regarding the Company’s allowance for credit losses related to unfunded loan commitments for the periods indicated:

The Company did not make any loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2026. The Company made two loan modifications to a single borrower experiencing financial difficulty during the three months ended March 31, 2025. The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans at March 31, 2025 that were both experiencing financial difficulty and modified during the three months ended March 31, 2025 by class, type of modification and includes the financial effect of the modification.

4. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances warrant. The Company’s annual impairment test as of December 31, 2025 concluded that its goodwill was not impaired. Based on that test and current conditions, as of March 31, 2026, the Company concluded it was more likely than not that its goodwill was not impaired.

Core deposit intangible assets are amortized over the estimated useful life of ten years on an accelerated basis. A summary of the other intangible assets that continue to be subject to amortization as of the dates indicated is presented in the following tables:

The following table sets forth estimated amortization expense for core deposit and intangible assets for the remainder of 2026 and in successive years ending December 31:

5. Mortgage Loan Servicing

Mortgage loans serviced for others are not reported as assets. The following table provides information on the principal balances of mortgage loans serviced for others, as of the dates indicated:

Custodial escrow balances maintained in connection with mortgage loans serviced for others were $10.7 million and $6.0 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Custodial escrow balances are included in the deposit balances on the balance sheet. Gross service fee income related to such loans was $398,000 and $415,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and is included in fees and service charges in the consolidated statements of earnings.

Mortgage servicing rights activity for the periods indicated was as follows for the periods indicated:

The fair value of mortgage servicing rights was $8.9 million and $8.6 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively. Fair value at March 31, 2026 was determined using a discount rate of 9.00%; prepayment speeds ranging from 5.50% to 23.52%, depending on the stratification of the specific mortgage servicing right; and a weighted average default rate of 1.70%. Fair value at December 31, 2025 was determined using a discount rate of 9.00%; prepayment speeds ranging from 0.00% to 26.29%, depending on the stratification of the specific mortgage servicing right; and a weighted average default rate of 1.67%.

The Company had mortgage repurchase reserves of $130,000 at March 31, 2026 and $118,000 at December 31, 2025, which represented the Company’s best estimate at those dates of probable losses that the Company will incur related to the repurchase of one-to-four family residential real estate loans previously sold or to reimburse investors for credit losses incurred on loans previously sold where a breach of the contractual representations and warranties occurred. The Company charged $29,000 of losses against the reserve and recorded a $41,000 provision to the reserve during the three months ended March 31, 2026. The Company charged $7,000 of losses against the reserve and recorded a $65,000 provision to the reserve during the three months ended March 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026, the Company had no outstanding mortgage repurchase requests.

6. Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share have been computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share included the effect of all potential common shares outstanding during each period. The diluted earnings per share computation for the three months ended March 31, 2026 and 2025 included all unexercised stock options. The Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.21 per share to be paid May 28, 2026, to common stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 14, 2026. The shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated are shown below:

7. Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings and Other Borrowings

The Bank has a line of credit, renewable annually each September, with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) under which there were $65.7 million of borrowings outstanding at March 31, 2026 and $8.9 million of borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2025. Interest on any outstanding balance on the line of credit accrues at the federal funds rate plus 0.15% (3.83% at March 31, 2026). The Company had $30.0 million in letters of credit issued through the FHLB at March 31, 2026, compared to $75.0 million in letters of credit December 31, 2025 to secure municipal deposits. The Company did not have any term advances from FHLB at March 31, 2026 or December 31, 2025.

Although no loans are specifically pledged, the FHLB requires the Bank to maintain eligible collateral (qualifying loans and investment securities) that has a lending value at least equal to its required collateral. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, there were blanket pledges of loans and securities to the FHLB totaling $470.8 million and $470.2 million, respectively. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Bank’s total borrowing capacity with the FHLB was approximately $324.4 million and $324.7 million, respectively. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Bank’s available borrowing capacity was $227.0 million and $239.1 million, respectively. The difference between the Bank’s total borrowing capacity and available borrowing capacity is related to the amount of borrowings outstanding and letters of credit. The available borrowing capacity with the FHLB is collateral based, and the Bank’s ability to borrow is subject to maintaining collateral that meets the eligibility requirements. The borrowing capacity is not committed and is subject to FHLB credit requirements and policies. In addition, the Bank must maintain a restricted investment in FHLB stock to maintain access to borrowings.

At March 31, 2026, the Bank had no borrowings through the Federal Reserve discount window, while its borrowing capacity with the Federal Reserve was $38.4 million.

The Company has a $5.0 million line of credit from an unrelated financial institution maturing on November 1, 2026, with an interest rate that adjusts daily based on the prime rate less 0.50%. This line of credit has covenants specific to capital and other financial ratios, which the Company was in compliance with at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company didnot have an outstanding balance on the line of credit.

On September 29, 2022, the Company borrowed $10.0 million from the same unrelated financial institution at a fixed rate of 6.15%. This borrowing has covenants specific to capital and other financial ratios, which the Company was in compliance with at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025. This borrowing matures on September 1, 2027 and requires quarterly principal and interest payments. Early principal payments are allowed and the balance was $1.3 million and $1.7 million at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

8. Repurchase Agreements

The Company has overnight repurchase agreements with certain deposit customers whereby the Company uses investment securities as collateral for non-insured funds. These balances are accounted for as collateralized financing and included in other borrowings on the balance sheet.

Repurchase agreements are comprised of non-insured customer funds, totaling $2.3 million at March 31, 2026 and $1.5 million at December 31, 2025, which were secured by $2.7 million and $2.6 million of the Company’s investment portfolio at the same dates, respectively.

The following is a summary of the balances and collateral of the Company’s repurchase agreements as of the dates indicated:

The investment securities are held by a third party financial institution in the customer’s custodial account. The Company is required to maintain adequate collateral for each repurchase agreement. Changes in the fair value of the investment securities impact the amount of collateral required. If the Company were to default, the investment securities would be used to settle the repurchase agreement with the deposit customer.

9. Revenue from Contracts with Customers

All of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC 606 is recognized within non-interest income. Items outside the scope of ASC 606 are noted as such.

A description of the Company’s revenue streams under ASC 606 follows:

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts

The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM usage fees, stop payment charges, statement rendering, and ACH fees, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of a month, representing the period during which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. Service charges on deposits are withdrawn from the customer’s account balance.

Interchange Income

The Company earns interchange fees from debit cardholder transactions conducted through the interchange payment network. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder.

Gains (Losses) on Sales of Real Estate Owned

The Company records a gain or loss from the sale of real estate owned when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When the Company finances the sale of real estate owned to the buyer, the Company assesses whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract and whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the real estate owned asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon the transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, the Company adjusts the transaction price and related gain (loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present. There were no sales of real estate owned that were financed by the Company during the first three months of 2026 or 2025.

10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values:

Level 1 – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2 – Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 – Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

Fair value estimates of the Company’s financial instruments as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, including methods and assumptions utilized, are set forth below:

Transfers

The Company did not transfer any assets or liabilities among levels during the three months ended March 31, 2026 or during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Valuation Methods for Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables represent the Company’s financial instruments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, allocated to the appropriate fair value hierarchy:

The Company’s investment securities classified as available-for-sale include U.S. treasury securities, municipal obligations, and agency mortgage-backed securities. Quoted exchange prices are available for the Company’s U.S. treasury securities, which are classified as Level 1. U.S. federal agency mortgage-backed securities are priced utilizing industry-standard models that consider various assumptions, including time value, yield curves, volatility factors, prepayment speeds, default rates, loss severity, current market and contractual prices for the underlying financial instruments, as well as other relevant economic measures. Substantially all of these assumptions are observable in the marketplace, can be derived from observable data, or are supported by observable levels at which transactions are executed in the marketplace. These measurements are classified as Level 2. Municipal obligations are valued using a type of matrix, or grid, pricing in which securities are benchmarked against U.S. treasury rates based on credit rating. These model and matrix measurements are classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Changes in the fair value of available-for-sale securities are included in other comprehensive income to the extent the changes are not considered to be credit related which would instead result in a credit loss reserve. The Company evaluates any potential credit losses on available-for-sale securities on a quarterly basis and credit losses identified on individual securities result in a write-down of the relevant security’s cost basis.

Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair value. The mortgage loan valuations are based on quoted secondary market prices for similar loans and are classified as Level 2. Changes in the fair value of mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market and derivative financial instruments are included in gains on sales of loans.

The aggregate fair value, contractual balance (including accrued interest), and gains on loans held for sale as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025 were as follows:

The Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of interest rate lock commitments and corresponding forward sales contracts on mortgage loans held for sale. The fair values of these derivatives are based on quoted prices for similar loans in the secondary market. The market prices are adjusted by a factor, based on the Company’s historical data and its judgment about future economic trends, which considers the likelihood that a commitment will ultimately result in a closed loan. These instruments are classified as Level 2. The amounts are included in accrued interest and other assets or accrued interest and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and gains on sales of loans, net in the consolidated statements of earnings. The total amount of gains from changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments included in earnings for the periods indicated were as follows:

Valuation Methods for Instruments Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis

The Company does not record its loan portfolio at fair value. Collateral-dependent loans are generally carried at the lower of cost or fair value of the collateral, less estimated selling costs. Collateral values are determined based on appraisals performed by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company and then further adjusted if warranted based on relevant facts and circumstances. The appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including the comparable sales and income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are typically significant and result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Individually evaluated loans are reviewed at least quarterly for additional allowance and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. The carrying value of the Company’s individually evaluated loans was $11.9 million at March 31, 2026 and $11.5 million at December 31, 2025. The Company’s individually evaluated loans with an allowance for credit losses were$2.8 million and $2.5 million, with an allocated allowance of $661,000 and $781,000, at March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, respectively.

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025:

11. Regulatory Capital Requirements

Banks and bank holding companies, such as the Company, are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action. Management believed that as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the Company and the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject at that time.

Prompt corrective action regulations provide five classifications: well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered deposits. If undercapitalized, capital distributions are limited, as is asset growth and expansion, and capital restoration plans are required.

Banking organizations are required to maintain minimum capital levels as follows: a ratio of common equity Tier 1 capital equal to 4.5% of risk-weighted assets , a ratio of Tier 1 capital equal to 6.0% of risk-weighted assets, a ratio of total capital equal to 8.0% of risk-weighted assets, and a leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital to total quarterly average assets equal to 4.0% in all circumstances.

As of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the most recent regulatory notifications categorized the Bank as “well capitalized” under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action then in effect. There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the institution’s category.

Regulations include a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% that is added to these minimum requirements for capital adequacy purposes. A banking organization with a conservation buffer of less than the required amount is subject to limitations on capital distributions, including the amount of dividends that it may pay without prior regulatory approval, stock repurchases and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. At March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025, the ratios for the Company and the Bank were sufficient to meet the conservation buffer.

The following is a comparison of the Company’s regulatory capital ratios to minimum capital ratio requirements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025.

The following is a comparison of the Bank’s regulatory capital to minimum capital requirements as of March 31, 2026 and December 31, 2025: