Propanc Biopharma, Inc.

NOTE 1 –NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

Propanc Biopharma, Inc. (the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) is based in Camberwell, Victoria Australia. Since its inception, substantially all of the operations of the Company have been focused on the development of new cancer treatments targeting high-risk patients, particularly cancer survivors, who need a follow-up, non-toxic, long-term therapy designed to prevent the cancer from returning and spreading. The Company anticipates establishing global markets for its technologies. Our lead product candidate, which we refer to as PRP, is an enhanced pro-enzyme formulation designed to enhance the anti-cancer effects of multiple enzymes acting synergistically. It is currently in the preclinical phase of development.

The Company was originally formed in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia on October 15, 2007, as Propanc PTY LTD. On November 23, 2010, Propanc Health Group Corporation was incorporated in the State of Delaware, and in January 2011, to reorganize the Company, all of the outstanding shares of Propanc PTY LTD were acquired on a one-for-one basis by Propanc Health Group Corporation, with Propanc PTY LTD becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.

On July 22, 2016, the Company formed another wholly owned subsidiary, Propanc (UK) Limited under the laws of England and Wales for the purpose of submitting an orphan drug application to the European Medicines Agency as a small and medium-sized enterprise. As of June 30, 2025, there has been no activity within this entity.

Effective April 20, 2017, the Company changed its name to “Propanc Biopharma, Inc.” to reflect the Company’s stage of operations and development better.

In July 2020, a world-first patent was granted in Australia for the cancer treatment method patent family. Presently, there are 85 granted, allowed, or accepted patents and 5 patents filed, or under examination in key global jurisdictions relating to the use of proenzymes against solid tumors, covering the lead product candidate PRP.

On August 7, 2024, the Company received written consent in lieu of a meeting by the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock as of August 7, 2024 and the Company’s Board of Directors approving such actions as are necessary for the Company to proceed to, and the Company accordingly intends to, effectuate and execute a reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio ofone post-split share per sixty thousand pre-split shares (1:60,000) (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split became effective as of January 29, 2025. Proportional adjustments for the Reverse Stock Split were made to the Company’s outstanding stock options, warrants and equity incentive plans. All share and per-share data and amounts have been retroactively adjusted as of the earliest period presented in the consolidated financial statements to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

The Company hopes to capture and protect additional patentable subject matter based on the Company’s field of technology relating to pharmaceutical compositions of proenzymes for treating cancer by filing additional patent applications as it advances its lead product candidate, PRP, through various stages of development.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Propanc Biopharma, Inc., the parent entity, and its wholly owned subsidiary, Propanc PTY LTD. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Propanc (UK) Limited was an inactive wholly owned subsidiary through June 30, 2025 and remains inactive.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Significant estimates in the accompanying consolidated financial statements include the estimates of useful lives of long-lived assets, valuation of the collectability of a refundable advance deposit, present value of the operating lease liability and related right-of-use asset, valuation of derivatives, valuation of equity based instruments issued for other than cash, the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets and foreign currency translation due to certain average exchange rates applied in lieu of spot rates on transaction dates.

Foreign Currency Translation and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company’s wholly owned subsidiary’s functional currency is the Australian dollar (AUD). For financial reporting purposes, the Australian dollar has been translated into the Company’s reporting currency, which is the United States dollar ($) and/or (USD). Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Equity transactions are translated at each historical transaction date spot rate. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a component of stockholders’ equity (deficit) as “Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).” Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency translations are included in the statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). There have been no significant fluctuations in the exchange rate for the conversion of Australian dollars to USD after the balance sheet date.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for all periods presented includes only foreign currency translation gains (losses).

Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the consolidated balance sheet date with any transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency included in the consolidated results of operations as incurred. Effective fiscal year 2021, the parent company determined that the intercompany loans will not be repaid in the foreseeable future and thus, per Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830-20-35-3, gains and losses from measuring the intercompany balances are recorded within cumulative translation adjustment, a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized a cumulative exchange gain (loss) of approximately ($316,000) and $90,000, respectively, on intercompany loans made by the parent to the subsidiary that have not been repaid as of June 30, 2025, which is included as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the exchange rates used to translate amounts in Australian dollars into USD for the purposes of preparing the consolidated financial statements were as follows:

Change in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) by component during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures its financial assets and liabilities in accordance with US GAAP. For certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Amounts recorded for notes payable, net of discount, and loans payable also approximate fair value because current interest rates available for debt with similar terms and maturities are substantially the same.

The Company follows accounting guidance for financial assets and liabilities. This standard defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. This standard does not require any new fair value measurements but rather applies to all other accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements. This guidance does not apply to measurements related to share-based payments. This guidance discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow), and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost).

The guidance utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2: Inputs, other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3: Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore developed using estimates and assumptions developed by us, which reflect those that a market participant would use.

Also see Note 12 - Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and at banks, short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less with financial institutions, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts, as applicable, are reflected as a current liability on the balance sheets. There wereno cash equivalents as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Refundable Advance Deposit

In August 2023, the Company paid a refundable advance deposit of $120,958 which consisted primarily of a deposit paid to a potential lender to be used as payment for a loan insurance premium related to a future loan transaction with the Company. In the event, the future loan transaction does not close, the potential lender shall return the refundable advance deposit. During fiscal year 2024, the Company recorded an allowance for the recoverability of this refundable advance deposit of $120,958.

Prepaid expenses

Prepaid expenses – current portion and long-term portion of $8,334,046 and $10,925,835, respectively, at June 30, 2025, consist primarily of costs paid for future services which will occur between 6 months to three years. Prepaid expenses principally include prepayments in fully vested, non-forfeitable equity instruments for general consulting, investor relations, and business advisory services, which are being amortized over the terms of their respective agreements.

Deferred Offering Costs

The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340, Other Assets and Deferred Costs, with regards to offering costs. Prior to the completion of an offering, offering costs are capitalized and consist principally of professional, underwriting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the Company’s proposed public offering. The deferred offering costs are charged to additional paid-in capital or as a discount to debt, as applicable, upon the completion of an offering or to expense if the offering is not completed. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024 the Company had recorded $291,773 and $27,117 in deferred offering costs, respectively.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred; additions, renewals, and betterments are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is included in operations. Depreciation of property and equipment is provided using the declining balance method. The depreciable amount is the cost less its residual value.

The estimated useful lives are as follows:

Patents

Patents are stated at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated future periods if and once the patent has been granted by a regulatory agency. However, the Company will expense any patent costs as long as we are in the startup stage. Accordingly, as the Company’s products are not currently approved for market, all patent costs incurred from 2013 through June 30, 2025 were expensed immediately. This practice of expensing patent costs immediately ends when a product receives market authorization from a government regulatory agency.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

In accordance with ASC 360-10, “Long-lived assets,” which include property and equipment and intangible assets, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the assets. Fair value is generally determined using the asset’s expected future discounted cash flows or market value, if readily determinable.

Employee Benefit/Liability

Liabilities arising in respect of wages and salaries, accumulated annual leave, accumulated long service leave and any other employee benefits expected to be settled within twelve months of the reporting date are measured based on the employee’s remuneration rates applicable at the reporting date. All other employee benefit liabilities are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflow to be made in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date. All employee liabilities are owed within the next twelve months.

Australian Goods and Services Tax (“GST”)

Revenues, expenses and balance sheet items are recognized net of the amount of GST, except payable and receivable balances which are shown inclusive of GST. The GST incurred is payable on revenues to, and recoverable on purchases from, the Australian Taxation Office.

Cash flows are presented in the statements of cash flow on a gross basis, except for the GST component of investing and financing activities, which are disclosed as operating cash flows.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company was owed $5,302 and $2,950, respectively, from the Australian Taxation Office. These amounts were fully collected subsequent to the balance sheet reporting dates.

Derivative Instruments

ASC Topic 815,Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC Topic 815”), establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities by requiring that all derivatives be recognized in the balance sheet and measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in earnings. On the date of conversion or payoff of debt, the Company records the fair value of the conversion shares, removes the fair value of the related derivative liability, removes any discounts and records a net gain or loss on debt extinguishment.

Convertible Notes With Variable Conversion Options

The Company has entered into convertible notes, some of which contain variable conversion options, whereby the outstanding principal and accrued interest may be converted, by the holder, into shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (“common stock”) at a fixed discount to the price of the common stock at or around the time of conversion. The Company treats these convertible notes as stock settled debt under ASC 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity” and measures the fair value of the notes at the time of issuance, which is the result of the share price discount at the time of conversion and records the put premium as interest expense.

Income Taxes

The Company is governed by Australia and United States income tax laws, which are administered by the Australian Taxation Office and the United States Internal Revenue Service, respectively. The Company follows ASC 740 “Accounting for Income Taxes,” when accounting for income taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for temporary differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. Income tax expense is the tax payable or refundable for the period plus or minus the change during the period in deferred tax assets and liabilities.

The Company follows ASC 740, Sections 25 through 60, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes.” These sections provide detailed guidance for the financial statement recognition, measurement and disclosure of uncertain tax positions recognized in the financial statements. Tax positions must meet a “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold at the effective date to be recognized upon the adoption of ASC 740 and in subsequent periods.

Research and Development Costs and Tax Credits

In accordance with ASC 730-10,“Research and Development-Overall,” research and development costs are expensed when incurred. Total research and development costs for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $223,721 and $248,102, respectively.

The Company may apply for research and development tax concessions with the Australian Taxation Office on an annual basis. Although the amount is possible to estimate at year end, the Australian Taxation Office may reject or materially alter the claim amount. Accordingly, the Company does not recognize the benefit of the claim amount until cash receipt since collectability is not certain until such time. The tax concession is a refundable credit. If the Company has net income, then the Company can receive the credit which reduces its income tax liability. If the Company has net losses, then the Company may still receive a cash payment for the credit, however, the Company’s net operating loss carryforwards are reduced by the gross equivalent loss that would produce the credit amount when the income tax rate is applied to that gross amount. The concession is recognized as a tax benefit, in operations, upon receipt.

During each of the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company applied for, and received from the Australian Taxation Office, a research and development tax credit in the amount of $0 and $129,132, respectively, which is reflected as a tax benefit in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The Company has submitted its request for the refundable credit covering the period for the year ended June 30, 2025 and is still waiting receipt of the funds.

Stock Based Compensation

The Company records stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Stock Compensation”. ASC 718 requires the fair value of all stock-based employee compensation awarded to employees to be recorded as an expense over the shorter of the service period or the vesting period. The Company values employee and non-employee stock-based compensation at fair value using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model.

The Company adopted ASU 2018-07 and accounts for non-employee share-based awards in accordance with the measurement and recognition criteria of ASC 718 and recognizes the fair value of such awards over the service period. The Company used the modified prospective method of adoption.

Revenue Recognition

The Company applies ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). ASC 606 establishes a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most of the existing revenue recognition guidance. This standard requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services and also requires certain additional disclosures. Subject to these criteria, the Company intends to recognize revenue relating to royalties on product sales in the period in which the sale occurs and the royalty term has begun.

Legal Expenses

All legal costs for litigation are charged to expense as incurred.

Leases

The Company follows ASC Topic 842, Leases (Topic 842) and applies the package of practical expedients, which permit it not to reassess under the new standard its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. In addition, the Company elected not to apply ASC Topic 842 to arrangements with lease terms of 12 months or less. Operating lease right of use assets (“ROU”) represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the adoption date in determining the present value of future payments. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is amortized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and is included in general and administrative expenses.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Common Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period and, if dilutive, potential common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive securities consist of the incremental common shares issuable upon exercise of common stock equivalents such as stock options, warrants and convertible debt instruments. Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation if their effect is anti-dilutive. As a result, the basic and diluted per share amounts for all periods presented are identical. Each holder of the convertible notes has agreed to a 4.99% beneficial ownership conversion limitation (subject to certain noteholders’ ability to increase such limitation to 9.99% upon 60 days’ notice to the Company), and each note may not be converted during the first six-month period from the date of issuance. The Company’s CEO holds Series B Preferred Stock that, when combined, confers upon him a majority vote, including regarding authorization of additional common shares and/or the authorization of a reverse split the stock as considered necessary. Such securities are considered dilutive securities which were excluded from the computation since the effect is anti-dilutive.

Segment Reporting

The Company uses “the management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an entity where discrete financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s CODM for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. All activities are related to the development of cancer treatment and the Company has not commenced commercial operations or generated revenues to date. All activities are related to the development of the cancer treatment and the Company has not commenced commercial operations or generated revenues to date. The CODM is the chief executive officer of the Company, who reviews operating results and utilizes consolidated financial information, including operating expenses, operating loss, and net loss as reported on the consolidated statements of operations, to make decisions about operating decisions, allocate resources and assess performance for the entire Company. Consolidated net loss is our segment’s primary measure of loss. The measure of segment assets is reported on the consolidated balance sheets as total consolidated assets. The single segment constitutes all the consolidated entity, and the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes to the accompanying consolidated financial statements are representative of such amounts. For the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company operates inone operating segment.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We have reviewed the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) accounting pronouncements and interpretations thereof that have effectiveness dates during the periods reported and in future periods. We have carefully considered the new pronouncements that alter previous generally accepted accounting principles and do not believe that any new or modified principles will have a material impact on the Company’s reported financial position or operations in the near term with the exception of those disclosed below. The applicability of any standard is subject to formal review of the Company’s financial management.

On November 4, 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03,Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (DISE) requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement in response to longstanding requests from investors for more information about an entity’s expenses. This standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 applies to all public business entities (PBEs) and is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2024-03 may have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2 –GOING CONCERN

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with US GAAP, which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2025, the Company had no revenues, had a net loss of $58,923,300 and had net cash used in operations of $405,168. Additionally, as of June 30, 2025, the Company had accumulated deficit of $125,621,520. It is management’s opinion that these conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date of this filing.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effect on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classifications of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

On August 18, 2025, the Company sold 1,000,000 shares of common stock for total gross proceeds of $4,000,000. After deducting the underwriting commissions and offering expenses, the Company received net proceeds of $3,340,000.

Successful completion of the Company’s development program and, ultimately, the attainment of profitable operations are dependent upon future events, including obtaining adequate financing to fulfill its development activities, acceptance of the Company’s patent applications, obtaining additional sources of suitable and adequate financing and ultimately achieving a level of sales adequate to support the Company’s cost structure and business plan. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is also dependent on its ability to further develop and execute its business plan. However, there can be no assurances that any or all of these endeavors will be successful.

NOTE 3 –PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consist of the following as of June 30:

Depreciation expense for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was $0 and $297, respectively.

NOTE 4 –DUE TO AND LOANS FROM FORMER DIRECTOR - RELATED PARTY

Due to former director – related party

Due to former director – related party represented unsecured advances made primarily by a former director for operating expenses on behalf of the Company, such as intellectual property and formation expenses. The expenses were paid for on behalf of the Company and were due upon demand. The Company was not charged interest under these advances. The total amount owed the former director at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $0 and $29,759, respectively. On January 23, 2025, the Company entered into a Debt Exchange Agreement (“the Debt Exchange”) with the former director (see below) to settle such debt.

Loan from Former Director - Related Party

Loan from the Company’s former director at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were $0 and $49,528, respectively. The loan bore no interest and was payable on demand.

On January 23, 2025, the Company entered into a Debt Exchange with the former director and issued 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loans of $74,395 (which also includes the $29,759 amount as noted above under due to former director). Those shares were valued at approximately $13 per share or $375,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant to the former director. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $375,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $300,605 during the year ended June 30, 2025.

NOTE 5 –LOANS

Loans payable - Related Party

Between November 2023 and May 2024, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $71,629. Additionally, in August 2024, the same affiliated institutional investor loaned the Company an amount of $85,000 AUD ($57,639 USD). These loans bear no interest and are payable on demand.

Effective August 1, 2024, the Company entered and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $150,000 AUD ($98,060 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the loan is November 1, 2024, or sooner at the discretion of the Company, and the loan bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company has the right to prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty. By mutual consent the amount can be repaid via the issuance of common stock of the Company (upon uplisting on NASDAQ) and the strike price shall be at a 35% discount to lowest daily balance of the five preceding trading days. Such loan is past due and currently in default.

Between November 2024 and December 2024, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $15,000 AUD ($9,731 USD). These loans bear no interest and are payable on demand. The Company repaid $12,000 AUD of this loan on August 19, 2025.

Effective December 3, 2024, the Company entered and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $175,000 AUD ($113,485 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The term of the loan is four months or less (to be determined at the discretion of the Company), with $70,000 AUD was due on February 28, 2025, and $105,000 AUD was due on April 2, 2025. The loan bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. Such loan is past due and currently in default.

In January 2025, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $25,000 AUD ($15,485 USD). This loan bore no interest and was payable on demand. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

On April 12, 2025, the Company entered and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $63,188 AUD ($39,625 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was June 30, 2025. The loan bore an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

On June 13, 2025, the Company entered and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $15,000 AUD ($9,675 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was on June 30, 2025. The loan bore an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

The loans payable – related parties amounted to $415,329 and $71,629 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Accrued interest as of June 30, 2025, and 2024 was $26,452 and $0, respectively.

Loan payable -long-term- Related Party

On July 5, 2023, the Company and an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which such investor loaned the Company an aggregate of $230,000 AUD ($153,256 USD). Pursuant to such agreement, the term of such loan is three (3) years, ending on July 5, 2026, with an interest rate of 10% to be paid monthly in arrears. In connection with such loan, the Company issued 250 warrants to purchase common stock to such investor immediately exercisable at an initial exercise price of $600 per share (subject to certain adjustments such as stock dividend, stock splits, subsequent right offering and pro-rata distribution) with an expiry date of July 5, 2026. The Company accounted for the 250 warrants issued with this loan payable as debt discount by using the relative fair value method. The total debt discount which is equivalent to the relative fair value of the warrants of $141,084 was based on a fair value determination using a Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: stock price at valuation date of $7,140 based on the closing price of common stock at date of grant, exercise price of $600, dividend yield of zero, expected term of 3.00, a risk-free rate of 4.59%, and expected volatility of 268%. The debt discount shall be amortized over the term of this loan. A portion of the proceeds of such loan were used to repay an outstanding balance of approximately $143,000 due on a convertible note held by a third-party investor which had been in default.

Accrued interest from this loan amounted to $15,158 as of June 30, 2024. Amortization of debt discount from this loan for fiscal year 2024 was $46,470. The total principal outstanding under this loan was $153,256 and remaining unamortized debt discount of $94,614 as of June 30, 2024, as reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as loan payable – long-term – related party, net of discount of $58,642.

Accrued interest from this loan amounted to $30,483 as of June 30, 2025. Amortization of debt discount for fiscal year 2025 was $46,985. The total principal outstanding under this loan was $153,256 and remaining debt discount of $47,629 as of June 30, 2025, as reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as loan payable – long-term – related party, net of discount of $105,627.

Loans Payable

Effective October 3, 2019, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Crown Bridge Partners, LLC (“Crown Bridge”), pursuant to which Crown Bridge purchased a convertible promissory note from the Company (the “Crown Bridge Note”), which had a remaining principal balance of $65,280 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024. The maturity date of the Crown Bridge Note was October 3, 2020 and is currently past due. The Crown Bridge Note bore interest at a default interest rate of 15% per annum. In August 2022, the SEC filed a complaint against Crown Bridge due to its violation of Section 15(a)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Crown Bridge agreed to surrender all conversion rights in its currently held convertible notes, including the Crown Bridge Note. Consequently, during fiscal year 2023, the Company reclassified the remaining principal balance of $65,280 from a convertible note into a loan payable which is the principal balance at June 30, 2025, and 2024. Additionally, the Company recorded the remaining put premium of $43,520 into gain on extinguishment of debt during fiscal year 2023. The total accrued interest from this loan amounted to $55,360 and $45,541 as of June 30, 2025, and 2024, respectively.

Loans Payable - others

In June 2024, the Company entered into loan agreements with two investors who loaned the Company an aggregate of $120,000 AUD ($79,811 USD). The maturity dates of these loans were both in June 2025. These loans bore interest at a rate of 12% per annum. On February 5, 2025, the Company entered into a Debt Exchange Agreements with the two investors and issued an aggregate of 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loan including accrued interest of $86,248. Those shares were valued at $10 per share or $300,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant to the two investors. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $300,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $213,752 during the year ended June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, and 2024, the total balance of these loans amounted to $0 and $79,811, respectively, and accrued interest of $6,286 and $665, respectively. The Company fully paid the accrued interest of $6,286 on August 27, 2025.

The aggregate principal outstanding on the above loans was $65,280 and $145,091 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Loans in default

The Crown Bridge Note is currently past due and in default, consisting of $65,280 principal and $55,360 accrued interest, which includes interest accruing at the default interest rate at 15%. Loans payable – related partyfor total principal amount of $260,485 and accrued interest of $26,452 with maturity dates between November 2024 and June 2025 were in default as of June 30, 2025.

NOTE 6 –NOTE PAYABLE AND CONVERTIBLE NOTES

The Company’s promissory notes outstanding at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

Promissory Notes

On August 15, 2023, the Company issued to an institutional investor (the “August 2023 Lender”) a 10% original issue discount promissory note (the “Promissory Note”) in consideration for $120,000, which has a principal face amount of $132,000, matured on November 15, 2023 and accrued interest at a rate of 10% per annum, and was increased to 18% due to the event of a default. The Company had the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under the Promissory Note, together with any other amounts that the Company may owe the August 2023 Lender under the terms of the Promissory Note, on or before September 14, 2023 at a 110% premium of the face amount plus accrued and unpaid interest and any other amounts owed to the August 2023 Lender, which increases to (i) 120% if prepaid after such date, but on or before October 14, 2023, and (ii) 130% if prepaid after October 14, 2023 (including on the maturity date), unless the Company and the Lender agree to otherwise effect repayment. The Promissory Note contains certain customary events of default set forth in the Promissory Note, including, among others, breach of covenants, representations or warranties, insolvency, bankruptcy, liquidation and failure by the Company to pay the principal and interest due under the Promissory Note. On May 7, 2024, August 2023 Lender notified the Company that the 130% default repayment plus interest will be waived and shall extend the maturity of the Promissory Note to September 30, 2024.

Effective May 7, 2025, the Company entered into a Maturity Extension Agreement with the August 2023 Lender whereby the August 2023 Lender agreed to extend the maturity date of the promissory note dated August 15, 2023, which was amended on May 7, 2024 (the “Old Note”) to June 15, 2025 and increasing the principal amount by a default penalty of $39,600 and adding accrued interest of $30,805 into the principal amount thereby increasing the current principal amount to $202,405. All other terms of the Old Note shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect. As of June 30, 2025, the Promissory Note was in default.

On May 7, 2025, the Company entered into a promissory note agreement with an institutional investor, pursuant to which the investor agreed to purchase a promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $90,000, for a purchase price of $75,000. Such note is a non-convertible note. The maturity date of the note was on June 15, 2025 and bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. Repayment of the note may occur as follows: (a) if the Company repays this note on or before June 7, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred percent (100%) of the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the note (the “Principal Amount”) at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due; and (b) if the Company repays the note after June 7, 2025 and on or before July 7, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred twenty percent (120%) of the sum of the outstanding Principal Amount at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due (the “Maximum Repayment Amount”) or (b) at such time as the Company and the investor may agree to effect repayment. As of June 30, 2025, the promissory note was in default.

On June 2, 2025, the Company entered into a promissory note agreement with an institutional investor, pursuant to which the investor agreed to purchase a promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $60,000, for a purchase price of $50,000. Such note is a non-convertible note. The maturity date of the note is on July 15, 2025 and bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. Repayment of the note may occur as follows: (a) if the Company repays this note on or before July 7, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred percent (100%) of the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the note (the “Principal Amount”) at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due; and (b) if the Company repays the note after July 7, 2025 and on or before August 7, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred twenty percent (120%) of the sum of the outstanding Principal Amount at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due (the “Maximum Repayment Amount”) or (b) at such time as the Company and the investor may agree to effect repayment.

Accrued interest from these notes amounted to $5,718 and $15,536 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Amortization of debt discount from these notes for fiscal year 2025 and 2024 was $21,512 and $12,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the total principal outstanding under these notes was $352,405 and $132,000, respectively, and remaining debt discount of $3,488 and $0 as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, as reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as notes payable, net of discount.

On August 19, 2025, the Company fully repaid the total principal for all the above mentioned promissory notes amounting $352,405 including total accrued interest and default penalty of $34,320.

1800 Diagonal Lending Promissory Notes

On May 24, 2024, the Company entered into a 15% promissory note in the amount of $49,200 less original issue discount of $8,200 and legal and financing costs of $6,000 for net proceeds of $35,000 with 1800 Diagonal Lending, LLC. The principal and accrued interest is payable on or before March 30, 2025. Any amount of principal or interest on this note which is not paid when due shall bear interest at the rate of twenty two percent (22%) per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid. Accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid on November 30, 2024 in the amount of $28,290 and 4 payments each in the amount of $7,072.50 (a total payback to the Holder of $56,580). The first payment of $7,072.50 shall be due on December 30, 2024 with 3 subsequent payments each month thereafter. The Company shall have a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment. In November 2024, the Company fully paid the principal of $49,200 and accrued interest of $5,683.

On June 10, 2024, the Company entered a 15% promissory note in the amount of $49,200 less original issue discount of $8,200 and legal and financing costs of $6,000 for net proceeds of $35,000 with 1800 Diagonal Lending, LLC. The principal and accrued interest is payable on or before April 15, 2025. Any amount of principal or interest on this note which is not paid when due shall bear interest at the rate of twenty-two percent (22%) per annum from the due date thereof until the same is paid. Accrued unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid on December 15, 2024 in the amount of $28,290 and 4 payments each in the amount of $7,073 (a total payback to the Holder of $56,580). The first payment of $7,073 shall be due on January 15, 2025, with 3 subsequent payments each month thereafter. The Company shall have a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment. In November 2024, the Company fully paid the principal of $49,200 and accrued interest of $5,683.

On January 31, 2025, the Company entered into and closed a securities purchase agreement 1800 Diagonal (the “Investor”), pursuant to which the Investor agreed to purchase a convertible promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $65,000, for a purchase price of $56,000. The Company intends to use the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note is November 30, 2025 and the note bears a one-time interest charge of fifteen percent that shall be applied on the issuance date. Accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid in five (5) payments, with the first on July 30, 2025, for $37,375, and the other four payments of $9,344 on August 30, 2025, September 30, 2025, October 30, 2025 and November 30, 2025 (a total payback to the Holder of $74,750). The Company shall have a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment.

On March 25, 2025, the Company entered and closed a securities purchase agreement 1800 Diagonal (the “Investor”), pursuant to which the Investor agreed to purchase a convertible promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $79,200, for a purchase price of $67,000. The Company intends to use the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note is January 30, 2026, and the note bears a one-time interest charge of fifteen percent that shall be applied on the issuance date. Accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid in five (5) payments, with the first on September 30, 2025, for $45,540, and the other four payments of $11,385 on October 30, 2025, November 30, 2025, December 30, 2025 and January 30, 2026 (a total payback to the Holder of $91,080). The Company shall have a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment.

On June 13, 2025, the Company entered into a 15% promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of $67,860, for a purchase price of $58,000. This note contains original issue discount of $8,000 and legal and financing costs of $9,860 for net proceeds of $50,000 with 1800 Diagonal Lending, LLC. The maturity date of the note is April 15, 2026 and the note bears a one-time interest charge of fifteen percent that shall be applied on the issuance date. Accrued, unpaid interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid in five (5) payments, with the first on December 15, 2025 for $39,020, and the other four payments on January 15, 2026, February 15, 2026, March 15, 2026 and April 15, 2026, each for $9,755 (a total payback to the Holder of $78,039). The Company shall have a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment.

The Company had the right to accelerate payments or prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty. At any time following an event of default, the noteholder shall have the right, to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of these notes into shares of common stock. The conversion price of the above notes shall mean 65% multiplied by the lowest trading price for the common stock during the 10 trading days prior to the conversion date (representing a discount rate of 35%) subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitations. Upon the occurrence of any event of defaults, these notes shall be immediately due and payable in an amount equal to 150% default percentage multiplied by the sum of the outstanding principal balances plus accrued interest and default interest.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024 the total balance of these 1800 Diagonal Lending promissory notes amounted to $212,060 and $98,400, respectively and accrued interest of $7,638 and $1,193, respectively.

Between July 2025 and August 2025, the Company fully repaid the total principal amount of $212,060 including accrued interest for the above 1800 Diagonal Lending promissory notes.

Red Road Holdings Promissory Note

On December 4, 2024, the Company entered into a 15% promissory note in the amount of $49,200 less original issue discount of $8,200 and legal and financing costs of $6,000 for net proceeds of $35,000 with Red Road Holdings. The principal and accrued interest was payable on or before October 15, 2025. Any amount of principal or interest on this note which was not paid when due shall bear interest at the rate of twenty two percent (22%) per annum from the due date thereof until the same was paid. Accrued interest and outstanding principal, subject to adjustment, shall be paid on June 15, 2025 in the amount of $28,290 and 4 payments each in the amount of $7,072 (a total payback to the Holder of $56,580). The first payment of $7,072 is due on July 15, 2025 with 3 subsequent payments each month thereafter. The Company had a five (5) day grace period with respect to each payment.

The Company had the right to accelerate payments or prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty. At any time following an event of default, the noteholder has the right, to convert all or any part of the outstanding and unpaid amount of the note into shares of common stock. The conversion price of the note is equal to 65% multiplied by the lowest trading price for the common stock during the 10 trading days prior to the conversion date (representing a discount rate of 35%) subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitations. Upon the occurrence of any event of defaults, the note shall be immediately due and payable in an amount equal to 150% default percentage multiplied by the sum of the outstanding principal balances plus accrued interest and default interest.

As of June 30, 2025, the total balance of principal and accrued interest of the Red Road Holdings promissory note amounted to $24,812 and $303, respectively, after the payment of the first installment of $28,290 in June 2025. In August 2025, the Company paid the 3 installment payments of $7,072 for a total amount of $21,217 for the above Red Road Holdings promissory note.

The total balance of the above nine promissory notes, net of unamortized discount of $45,965 was $543,312 at June 30, 2025. The total balance of the above three promissory notes, net of unamortized discount of $25,706 was $204,694 at June 30, 2024.

Convertible Notes

The Company’s convertible notes outstanding at June 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

1800 Diagonal Lending (formerly known as Sixth Street Lending) Securities Purchase Agreements

June 30, 2022 Securities Purchase Agreement

On June 30, 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC (“1800 Diagonal”), which closed on July 11, 2022, pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “July 11, 2022 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $105,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the July 11, 2022 1800 Diagonal Note. The July 11, 2022 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue cost of $3,750. The Company used the net proceeds from the July 11, 2022 1800 Diagonal Note for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the July 11, 2022 1800 Diagonal Note was June 30, 2023. The 1800 Diagonal Note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest was payable in shares of common stock; but was not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note.

June 29, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On June 29, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal, which closed on July 6, 2023, pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “July 6, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $65,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the July 6, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note. The July 6, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue costs of $5,000. The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was June 29, 2024.

July 19, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On July 19, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “July 19, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $45,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the July 19, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note. The July 19, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue costs of $5,000. The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was July 19, 2024.

August 16, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On August 16, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “August 16, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $55,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the August 16, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note. The August 16, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue costs of $5,000. The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was August 16, 2024.

October 20, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On October 20, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “October 20, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $40,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the October 20, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note. The October 20, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue costs of $5,000. The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was October 20, 2024.

November 29, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On November 29, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with 1800 Diagonal Lending LLC pursuant to which 1800 Diagonal purchased a convertible promissory note (the “November 29, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $45,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days of the November 29, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note. The November 29, 2023 1800 Diagonal Note contained debt issue costs of $5,000. The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was September 15, 2024.

The following terms shall apply to all the above 1800 Diagonal notes:

The 1800 Diagonal Notes bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to 1800 Diagonal in shares of the Company’s common stock; but shall not be payable until the 1800 Diagonal Note becomes payable, whether at the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment.

During the first 60 to 180 days following the date of these notes, the Company has the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under all of the above notes, together with any other amounts that the Company may owe the holder under the terms of the note, at a premium ranging from 110% to 129% as defined in the note agreement. After this initial 180-day period, the Company does not have a right to prepay such note.

The conversion price for the above notes was equal to a 35% discount of the market price which means the average of the lowest three trading prices of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately prior to the delivery of a Notice of Conversion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, 1800 Diagonal shall be restricted from effecting a conversion if such conversion, along with other shares of the Company’s common stock beneficially owned by 1800 Diagonal and its affiliates, exceeds 9.99% of the outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company treats these convertible notes as stock settled debt under ASC 480 and accordingly the Company recorded a total debt premium of $134,615 which was recorded during the year ended June 30, 2024.

The above notes contained certain events of default, upon which principal and accrued interest will become immediately due and payable. In addition, upon an event of default, interest on the outstanding principal shall accrue at a default interest rate of 22% per annum, or if such rate is usurious or not permitted by current law, then at the highest rate of interest permitted by law. Further, certain events of default may trigger penalty and liquidated damage provisions.

Failure to deliver shares of common stock upon conversion of the above 1800 Diagonal notes within three business days of notice of conversion will result in the Company paying a penalty of $1,000 per day, subject to certain exceptions.

Upon certain events of default, the above 1800 Diagonal notes will become immediately due and payable and the Company must pay 1800 Diagonal 150% of the then-outstanding principal amount of the above 1800 Diagonal notes, plus any interest accrued upon such event of default or prior events of default (the “Default Amount”). Further, upon any event of default relating to the failure to issue shares of common stock upon the conversion of such notes, such notes become immediately due and payable in an amount equal to twice the Default Amount.

The total principal amount outstanding under all of the above 1800 Diagonal financing agreements was $0 as of June 30, 2024 following conversion of $250,000 of the principal balance and $9,863 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2024. Accordingly, $134,615 of the put premium was released to additional paid in capital in respect to the 1800 Diagonal financing agreements during the year ended June 30, 2024 following conversion of the principal balance.

ONE44 Capital Securities Purchase Agreements

August 15, 2022 Securities Purchase Agreement

On August 15, 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with ONE44, pursuant to which ONE44 purchased a convertible redeemable note (the “August 15, 2022 ONE44 Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $110,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the common stock at the option of ONE44 any time after the six-month anniversary of the August 15, 2022 ONE44 Note. The transaction contemplated by such purchase agreement closed on August 16, 2022. The August 15, 2022 One44 Note contained an original issue discount amount of $10,000. Pursuant to the terms of such purchase agreement, the Company paid $5,500 for ONE44’s legal fees. The Company used the net proceeds from the August 15, 2022 ONE44 Note for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the August 15, 2022 One44 Note was August 15, 2023. The August 15, 2022 ONE44 Note bore interest at a rate of 10% per annum, which was payable in shares of common stock, but was not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note. The August 15, 2022 ONE44 Note was fully converted in fiscal year 2024.

February 14, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On February 14, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with ONE44, pursuant to which ONE44 purchased a convertible redeemable note (the “February 14, 2023 ONE44 Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $111,111, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the common stock at the option of ONE44 any time after the six-month anniversary of the February 14, 2023 ONE44 Note. The transaction contemplated by such purchase agreement closed on February 14, 2023. The February 14, 2023 One44 Note contained an original issue discount amount of $11,111. Pursuant to the terms of such purchase agreement, the Company paid $5,500 for ONE44’s legal fees. The Company used the net proceeds from the February 14, 2023 ONE44 Note for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the February 14, 2023 One44 Note was February 14, 2024. The February 14, 2023 ONE44 Note bore interest at a rate of 10% per annum, which interest was payable in shares of common stock, but was not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note. The February 14, 2023 One44 Note was fully converted in fiscal year 2024.

December 8, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On December 8, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with ONE44, pursuant to which ONE44 purchased a convertible redeemable note (the “December 8, 2023 ONE44 Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $150,000, such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the common stock at the option of ONE44 any time after the six-month anniversary of the December 8, 2023 ONE44 Note. The transaction contemplated by such purchase agreement closed on December 8, 2023. The December 8, 2023 One44 Note contains an original issue discount amount of $15,000. Pursuant to the terms of such purchase agreement, the Company paid $7,500 for ONE44’s legal fees. The Company used the net proceeds from the December 8, 2023 ONE44 Note for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the December 8, 2023 One44 Note was December 8, 2024. The December 8, 2023 ONE44 Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, which interest is payable in shares of common stock, but is not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note. The December 8, 2023 One44 Note was fully converted in August 2025.

The following terms shall apply to all of the above ONE44 note:

During the first 60 to 180 days following the date of these notes, the Company has the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under all of the above notes issued to ONE44, together with any other amounts that the Company may owe ONE44 under the terms of the note, at a premium ranging from 120% to 135% as defined in the relevant note. After this initial 180-day period, the Company does not have a right to prepay such note.

The conversion price for the above ONE44 notes ranges from 60% to 65% (representing a 35% to 40% discount) of the market price of the common stock, which is based on the lowest closing bid prices of the common stock between ten and fifteen trading days immediately prior to the delivery of a notice of conversion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such notes are subject to 4.99% beneficial ownership limitations. All of the above ONE44 notes are treated as stock settled debt under ASC 480 and accordingly the Company recorded a total debt premium of $133,305 during the year ended June 30, 2023 and recorded a total debt premium of $100,000 was recorded during the year ended June 30, 2024.

The above ONE44 notes contain certain events of default, upon which principal and accrued interest will become immediately due and payable. In addition, upon an event of default, interest on the outstanding principal shall accrue at a default interest rate of 24% per annum, or if such rate is usurious or not permitted by current law, then at the highest rate of interest permitted by law. Further, certain events of default may trigger penalty and liquidated damage provisions. In the event that the Company fails to deliver to ONE44 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of principal or interest under a ONE44 note, it will incur a penalty of $250 per day the shares are not issued beginning on the 4 th day after the conversion notice was delivered to the Company. This penalty increases to $500 per day beginning on the 10 th day. In the event that the Company loses the bid price of its common stock on OTC markets, such ONE44 note does not incur penalty and instead the outstanding principal amount increases by 20%.

The total principal amount outstanding under all of the above ONE44 financing agreements was $119,300 and accrued interest was $6,726 as of June 30, 2024 following conversion of $148,811 of the principal balance and $9,909 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2024. Accordingly, $98,311 of the put premium was released to additional paid in capital in respect to the ONE44 financing agreements during the year ended June 30, 2024 following conversion of the principal balance.

The total principal amount outstanding under all the above ONE44 financing agreements was $104,460 and accrued interest was $24,962 as of June 30, 2025 following conversion of $14,840 of the principal balance and $1,006 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2025. Accordingly, $9,893 of the put premium was released to additional paid in capital in respect to the ONE44 financing agreements during the year ended June 30, 2025, following conversion of the principal balance.

One ONE44 note with principal amount of $104,460 was in default and accrued default interest rate at 24% per annum before it was fully converted in August 2025.

GS Capital Partners Securities Purchase Agreements

August 12, 2022 Securities Purchase Agreement

On August 12, 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “GS Capital Purchase Agreement”) with GS Capital Partners, LLC (“GS Capital”), pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note (the “GS Capital Note”) from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $93,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of common stock at the option of GS Capital. The transaction contemplated by the GS Capital Purchase Agreement closed on August 16, 2022. The GS Capital Note contained a $5,000 original issue discount. Pursuant to the terms of the GS Purchase Agreement, the Company paid $3,000 for GS Capital’s legal fees. The Company used the net proceeds ($85,000) from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was April 12, 2023, but was extended to August 12, 2023 in April 2023. The GS Capital Note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest was payable in shares of common stock, but was not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital by surrendering the same. GS Capital was entitled, at its option, at any time after cash payment, to convert all or any amount of the principal face amount of the GS Capital Note then outstanding into shares of common stock at a price per share equal to $168,000 per share (the “Fixed Price”). However, in the event the common stock trades below $120,000 per share for more than five consecutive trading days, then the Fixed Price becomes $78,000 per share. In the event of default, such conversion price was equal to 65% of the lowest trading price of the common stock reported on the OTC markets or other exchange for the ten prior trading days, including the day upon which a notice of conversion is received by the Company. The GS Capital Note was subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation. Such note was fully converted during fiscal year 2024.

September 21, 2022 Securities Purchase Agreement

On September 21, 2022, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $71,500, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of common stock at the option of GS Capital. The transaction contemplated by such purchase agreement closed on September 26, 2022. Such note contains a $4,000 original issue discount. Pursuant to the terms of such purchase agreement, the Company paid $2,500 for GS Capital’s legal fees. The Company used the net proceeds ($65,000) from such note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of such note was March 21, 2023 but was extended to March 21, 2024 in April 2023. Such note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest was payable in shares of common stock, but was not payable until the maturity date or upon acceleration or by prepayment of such note. Such note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. GS Capital was entitled, at its option, at any time after cash payment, to convert all or any amount of the principal face amount of the GS Capital Note then outstanding into shares of common stock at a price per share equal to $120,000 (the “September Fixed Price”). However, in the event the common stock trades below $84,000 per share for more than five consecutive trading days, then the September Fixed Price becomes $54,000 per share. In the event of default under such note, such conversion price was equal to 65% of the lowest trading price of the common stock as reported on the OTC markets or other exchange for the ten prior trading days, including the day upon which a notice of conversion is received by the Company. Such note was subject to 4.99% beneficial ownership limitations. Such note was fully converted during fiscal year 2024.

August 23, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On August 23, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $77,500, such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contained a $5,000 original issue discount. Pursuant to the terms of the GS Purchase Agreement, the Company paid GS Capital’s legal fees of $2,500. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was February 23, 2024. The GS Capital Note bore an interest at a rate of 8% per annum and was increased to 24% due to the event of a default, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note was equal to $2,400 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $1,200 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $1,800 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price was lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price was subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remained in default. The August 23, 2023 GS Capital Note was fully converted in July 2024.

October 12, 2023 Securities Purchase Agreement

On October 12, 2023, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $61,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contained a $3,500 original issue discount. Pursuant to the terms of the GS Purchase Agreement, the Company paid GS Capital’s legal fees of $2,500. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was April 12, 2024 and was in default. The GS Capital Note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum and was increased to 24% due to the event of a default, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note was equal to $900 per share (the “Fixed Price”), provided that the Fixed Price will be reduced to $600 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $450 per share for ten consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the Note and unless the Fixed Price was lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price was subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remained in default. The October 12, 2023 GS Capital Note was fully converted in August 2025.

April 12, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

On April 12, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $27,500, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contained a $2,500 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was October 12, 2024 and was in default. The GS Capital Note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note was equal to $102 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $60 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $84 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price was lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price was subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remained in default. The April 12, 2024 GS Capital Note was fully converted in August 2025.

August 2, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

On August 2, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $33,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contained a $3,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was February 2, 2025 and was in default. The GS Capital Note bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note was equal to $102 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $60 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $84 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price was lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price was subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remained in default. The August 2, 2024 GS Capital Note was fully repaid in August 2025.

September 20, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

On September 20, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $33,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contained a $3,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note was March 20, 2025 and was in default. The GS Capital Note shall bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note was equal to $18 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $6 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $18 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price was lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price was subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remained in default. The September 20, 2024 GS Capital Note was fully repaid in August 2025.

February 7, 2025 Securities Purchase Agreement

On February 7, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $43,000, such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contains a $3,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note is October 7, 2025. The GS Capital Note shall bear interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note becomes payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note is equal to $9 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $6 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $8 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price is lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price is subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remains in default.

March 11, 2025 Securities Purchase Agreement

On March 11, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $33,000, such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contains a $3,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note is November 11, 2025. The GS Capital Note shall bear interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note becomes payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note is equal to $6 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $3 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $5 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price is lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price is subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remains in default.

April 15, 2025 Securities Purchase Agreement

On April 15, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with GS Capital Partners, LLC, pursuant to which GS Capital purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $55,000, such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of GS Capital. The GS Capital Note contains a $5,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the GS Capital Note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the GS Capital Note is December 15, 2025. The GS Capital Note shall bear interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to GS Capital in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the GS Capital Note becomes payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The GS Capital Note is exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of notes of different authorized denominations, as requested by GS Capital surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the GS Capital Note is equal to $5 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $2.50 per share in the event that the market price of the Common Stock trades below $4 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of a default under the note and unless the fixed price is lower, such conversion price will equal the lowest trading price of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately preceding such default, which price is subject to re-adjustment every thirty calendar days during the period in which the Company remains in default.

The following terms shall apply to all of the above GS Capital notes:

Pursuant to the above GS Capital notes, in the event that such conversion price is below the par value of the Common Stock, the Company has agreed to take all steps to reduce such par value or conduct a reverse split of its Common Stock, as applicable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such conversion price and lookback periods are subject to adjustment in favor of the Investor in the event the Company issues securities to another party with more favorable conversion terms, and such conversions are subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation (which may be increased to 9.9% upon 60 days’ prior written notice from the holder of the Note) and adjustments for mergers, consolidations, reorganizations and similar events set forth in the Note, other than a transfer or sale of all or substantially all Company assets. Pursuant to the Note, the Company is required to maintain an initial reserve of at least 400% of the number of Conversion Shares, subject to any increase of such reserved amount to reflect the Company’s obligations under the Note.

Additionally, the conversion prices of the above GS Capital notes will be adjusted in favor of the note holder if the Company issues securities with more favorable conversion terms. The effective conversion price of the outstanding GS Capital notes are 60% (representing a 40% discount) of the market price, which means the lowest closing bid prices of the Common Stock for the ten trading days immediately prior to the delivery of a Notice of Conversion.

The above GS Capital notes were bifurcated from the embedded conversion option which was recorded as derivative liabilities at fair value (see Note 12).

During the first 60 to 180 days following the date of the above GS Capital notes, the Company has the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under all of the above notes issued to GS Capital, together with any other amounts that the Company may owe GS Capital under the terms of the notes, at a premium ranging from 110% to 125% of the principal amount and interest of such note. After this initial 180-day period, the Company does not have a right to prepay such notes.

Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of certain events of default, interest accrues at a default interest rate of 24% per annum or, if such rate is usurious or not permitted by current law, then at the highest rate of interest permitted by law. In the event that the Company fails to deliver to GS Capital shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of principal or interest under all of the above GS Capital notes, the penalty becomes $250 per day for each day that the shares are not issued beginning on the 4 th day after the conversion notice was delivered to the Company. This penalty increases to $500 per day beginning on the 10 th day. In the event that the Company loses the bid price of its common stock on OTC markets, such GS Capital note does not incur penalty and instead the outstanding principal amount increases by 20%.

The total principal outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above GS Capital notes were $110,500 and $8,364, respectively, as of June 30, 2024, following conversion of $130,800 of the principal balance, $8,700 accrued interest (including $1,254 at default interest rate) and $3,832 conversion fees during the year ended June 30, 2024. During fiscal year 2024, an aggregate total of $110,500 of the above GS Capital notes were bifurcated with the embedded conversion option which were recorded as derivative liabilities at fair value as of June 30, 2024 (see Note 12).

The total principal outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above GS Capital notes were $252,650 and $23,676, respectively, as of June 30, 2025, following conversion of $54,850 of the principal balance and $4,365 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2025. During the year ended June 30, 2025, an aggregate total of $252,650 of the above GS Capital notes were bifurcated with the embedded conversion option which were recorded as derivative liabilities at fair value (see Note 12).

Four GS Capital notes with total principal amounts of $121,650 were in default and accrued a default interest rate at 24% per annum before such notes were fully converted or repaid in August 2025.

Coventry Enterprises, LLC Securities Purchase Agreement

On November 3, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with Coventry Enterprises, LLC (“Coventry”), pursuant to which the Company issued Coventry a promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $125,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock following an event of default (the “Coventry Note”). The Coventry Note contains a $25,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds of $100,000 from the Coventry Note for general working capital purposes.

The Coventry Note bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum, with $12,500 in guaranteed interest. The principal amount and the guaranteed interest is due and payable in seven equal monthly payments of $19,643, commencing on March 24, 2023 and continuing on the 24th day of each month thereafter until paid in full not later than October 24, 2023, or such earlier date as the Coventry Note is required or permitted to be repaid and to pay such other interest to Coventry on the aggregate unconverted and then-outstanding principal amount of the Coventry Note in accordance with the provisions thereof. Any or all of the principal amount and guaranteed interest may be pre-paid at any time and from time to time, in each case without penalty or premium.

Additionally, in the event that the Company files with the SEC a qualified offering statement on Form 1-A and such note has been outstanding for four months since its issuance, Coventry has the right to convert all or portion of such note, including guaranteed interest, into shares of common stock at the offering price used in connection with such offering.

At any time following an event of default under the Coventry Note, it becomes convertible, in whole or in part, into shares of Common Stock at the option of Coventry, at any time and from time to time thereafter (subject to the beneficial ownership limitations set forth therein). The conversion price of the Coventry Note is ninety percent (90%) per share of the lowest per-share VWAP during the twenty (20) trading-day period before the conversion (each, a “Calculated Conversion Price”). In the event that, within 30 calendar days either before or after any conversion, the conversion price of which is based upon a Calculated Conversion Price, the Company consummates (in whole or in part) any financing (whether such financing is equity, equity-equivalent, or debt or any combination thereof) or for any other reason issues any shares of common stock or any common stock equivalents at a price less than the most recent Calculated Conversion Price (the “Alternative Conversion Price”), regardless of when that note or instrument was originated, then, at the option of Coventry, (i) if the conversion has not yet occurred, then the Alternative Conversion Price will be substituted for the Calculated Conversion Price and (ii) if the conversion has occurred, then, within two trading days following Coventry’s written request, the Company is required to issue to Coventry that number of shares of Common Stock equivalent to the difference between the number of shares of Common Stock that had been issued using the Calculated Conversion Price and the number of shares of Common Stock that would have been issued using the Alternative Conversion Price. Accordingly, the Coventry note is treated as stock settled debt under ASC 480 and the Company recorded a total of $13,889 put premium during the year ended June 30, 2023.

Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of certain events of default, interest on the Coventry Note accrues at a default interest rate equal to the lesser of (i) 18% per annum or (ii) the maximum rate permitted by law. Subject to the beneficial ownership limitation in the Coventry Note, if any event of default occurs, then the outstanding principal amount guaranteed interest plus accrued but unpaid default rate interest, liquidated damages and other amounts owing on the Coventry Note through the date of acceleration becomes immediately due and payable at Coventry’s option, in cash or in shares of common stock at the mandatory default amount, which is equal to 120% of all such amounts due on the Coventry Note. If the Company fails to deliver to Coventry such shares, the Company is required to pay in cash an amount equal to the amount that the value of such shares exceeds the principal amount and interest of the attempted conversion.

As an additional inducement to Coventry entering into such agreement, the Company issued to Coventry 1 share of common stock on the issuance date of the Coventry Note, which was valued using the relative fair value method at $37,500 and recognized as debt discount to be amortized over the term of such note.

The Company failed to make the first installment payment due in March 2023 which is considered an event of default. The Company recorded a default penalty of $25,000 as additional principal as of June 30, 2023.

The total principal amount outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above Coventry note was $144,951 including the default penalty as of June 30, 2023 following conversion of $5,049 of the principal balance and $22,749 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2023. Accordingly, $561 of the put premium was released to additional paid in capital in respect of such purchase agreements with Coventry during the year ended June 30, 2023 following conversion of the principal balance.

In July 2023, the Company fully paid the remaining principal of $142,909 and accrued interest of $70 for a total of $142,979. The total principal amount outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above Coventry note was $0 following conversion of the principal balance of $2,043 and interest of $357 during the year ended June 30, 2024. Accordingly, $13,328 of the put premium was released to additional paid in capital in respect of such purchase agreements with Coventry during the year ended June 30, 2024 following conversion of the principal balance.

104 LLC Securities Purchase Agreement

March 5, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

Effective March 5, 2024, the Company entered into and closed a securities purchase agreement with 104 LLC (“104”), pursuant to which 104 agreed to purchase a convertible promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $50,000, for a purchase price of $46,875, after an original issue discount of $3,125. The Company paid legal and financing costs of $7,500. The Company used the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note was March 1, 2025 and was in default. The note bore interest at a rate of eight percent (8%) per annum, which may be increased to sixteen percent (16%) in the event of a default. The March 5, 2024 104 note was fully converted in August 2025.

June 20, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

Effective June 20, 2024, Company entered into and closed a securities purchase agreement with 104 LLC, pursuant to which 104 agreed to purchase a convertible promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $33,750, for a purchase price of $30,375, after an original issue discount of $3,375. The Company paid legal and financing costs of $5,200. The Company used the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note was June 20, 2025 and was in default. The note bore interest at a rate of eight percent (8%) per annum, which may be increased to sixteen percent (16%) in the event of a default. The June 20, 2024 104 note was fully converted in August 2025.

The principal and interest on the notes were convertible into shares of common stock of the Company at the option of 104 at any time following the issuance date of the notes (the “Conversion Shares”) at a price per share equal to 65% of the lowest closing trade price of the common stock during the ten (10) trading days prior to conversion (representing a discount of 35%). Notwithstanding the foregoing, such conversions were subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation and adjustments for mergers, consolidations, reorganizations and similar events set forth in the notes, other than a transfer or sale of all or substantially all Company assets. Pursuant to the notes, the Company was required to maintain an initial reserve of at least 500% of the number of conversion shares, subject to any increase of such reserved amount to reflect the Company’s obligations under the notes. The above 104 notes were treated as stock settled debt under ASC 480 and accordingly the Company recorded a total of $45,096 was recorded as a put premium during the year ended June 30, 2024.

During the first 60 days following the date of the notes, the Company had the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under the notes, at a one hundred ten percent (110%) premium of the face amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, which increases to (i) one hundred fifteen percent (115%) if prepaid after 60 days, but less than 91 days from the issuance date, (ii) one hundred twenty percent (120%) if prepaid after 90 days, but less than 121 days from the issuance date, (iii) one hundred twenty five percent (125%) if prepaid after 120 days, but less than 181 days from the issuance date. After this initial 180-day period, the Company does not have a right to prepay the notes.

The 104 notes contained certain events of default, including failure to pay principal and interest when due, failure to timely issue the conversion shares, failure to maintain the listing of the common stock on at least one of the OTC markets (which specifically includes the quotation platforms maintained by the OTC Markets Group) or an equivalent replacement exchange, failure to comply with its reporting requirements with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, a breach of certain covenants in the purchase agreement, default by the Company under any other note issued to the investor, as well as certain customary events of default set forth in the notes, including, among others, breach of covenants, representations or warranties, insolvency, bankruptcy, and liquidation. Upon an event of default, the notes became immediately due and payable by the Company. Upon the occurrence of any event of defaults, these notes shall be immediately due and payable in an amount equal to 150% default percentage multiplied by the sum of the outstanding principal balances plus accrued interest and default interest.

The total principal amount outstanding under all of the above 104 financing agreements was $83,750 and accrued interest was $1,429 as of June 30, 2024.

The Company recorded a total default penalty of $41,563 as additional principal as of June 30, 2025. The total principal amount outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above 104 notes was $124,688 including the default penalty and accrued interest of $9,093 as of June 30, 2025, following conversion of $625 of the principal balance and $4,000 accrued interest during the year ended June 30, 2025.

Two 104 notes with total principal amounts of $124,688 were in default and accrued a default interest rate at 16% per annum before such notes were fully converted in August 2025.

Geebis Consulting Purchase Agreement

December 13, 2024 Securities Purchase Agreement

On December 13, 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with Geebis Consulting, LLC (“Geebis”), pursuant to which Geebis purchased a convertible redeemable note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $22,000, such principal and the interest thereon were convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of Geebis. The Geebis note contained a $2,000 original issue discount. The Company used the net proceeds from the Geebis note for general working capital purposes.

The maturity date of the Geebis note was June 15, 2025 and was in default. The Geebis note shall bore interest at a rate of 8% per annum, which interest may be paid by the Company to Geebis in shares of common stock but shall not be payable until the Geebis note became payable, whether at the Maturity Date or upon acceleration or by prepayment. The Geebis note was exchangeable for an equal aggregate principal amount of note of different authorized denominations, as requested by Geebis surrendering the same. The initial conversion price for the Geebis note was equal to $18 per share, provided that the fixed price will be reduced to $6 per share in the event that the market price of the common stock trades below $18 per share for five consecutive trading days. In the event of default, the conversion price shall be equal to the lowest trading price of the common stock on which the Company’s shares were then traded or any exchange upon which the common stock may be traded in the future. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such conversions were subject to a 4.99% beneficial ownership limitation and adjustments for mergers, consolidations, reorganizations and similar events set forth in the note, other than a transfer or sale of all or substantially all Company assets. Pursuant to the note, the Company was required to maintain an initial reserve of at least 500% of the number of conversion shares, subject to any increase of such reserved amount to reflect the Company’s obligations under the note.

Additionally, the conversion price of the Geebis note will be adjusted in favor of the note holder if the Company issues securities with more favorable conversion terms. The effective conversion price of the outstanding Geebis note was 60% (representing a 40% discount) of the market price, which was the lowest closing bid prices of the common stock for the ten trading days immediately prior to the delivery of a notice of conversion. The above Geebis note was bifurcated from the embedded conversion option which was recorded as derivative liabilities at fair value (see Note 12).

During the first 60 to 180 days following the date of the above Geebis note, the Company had the right to prepay the principal and accrued but unpaid interest due under all of the above notes issued to Geebis, together with any other amounts that the Company may owe Geebis under the terms of the note, at a premium ranging from 110% to 125% of the principal amount and interest of such note. After this initial 180-day period, the Company does not have a right to prepay such notes.

Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of certain events of default, interest accrued at a default interest rate of 24% per annum or, if such rate was usurious or not permitted by current law, then at the highest rate of interest permitted by law. In the event that the Company failed to deliver to Geebis shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of principal or interest under all of the above Geebis note, the penalty became $250 per day for each day that the shares were not issued beginning on the 4 th day after the conversion notice was delivered to the Company. This penalty increased to $500 per day beginning on the 10 th day. In the event that the Company loss the bid price of its common stock on OTC markets, such Geebis note does not incur penalty and instead the outstanding principal amount increases by 20%.

In February 2025, the Company repaid $8,000 of the principal amount. The total principal outstanding and accrued interest under all of the above Geebis note was $14,000 and $1,348, respectively, as of June 30, 2025. As of June 30, 2025, an aggregate total of $14,000 of the above Geebis note was bifurcated with the embedded conversion option which was recorded as derivative liabilities at fair value as of June 30, 2025 (see Note 12).

The Geebis note with principal amount of $14,000 was in default and accrued a default interest rate at 24% per annum before such note was fully converted in August 2025.

Outstanding convertible notes in default

Eight outstanding convertible notes for total principal amount of $364,798 with maturity dates between April 2024 and June 2025 were in default as of June 30, 2025 before these six convertible notes were fully converted and two convertible notes were fully repaid in August 2025.

Amortization of debt discounts

The Company recorded $244,000 and $232,700 of debt discounts related to the above note issuances during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company recorded $0 and $279,711 of put premiums related to the above note issuances during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The debt discounts are being amortized over the term of the debt and the put premiums are expensed on issuance of the debt with the liability released to additional paid in capital on conversion of the principal.

Amortization of all debt discounts for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 was $303,563 and $294,005, respectively.

The Company reclassified $10,229 and $246,254 in put premiums to additional paid in capital following conversions during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

NOTE 7 –INCOME TAXES

The Company follows ASC 740-10-10, under which an entity recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences or for events that were previously recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities is based on enacted tax law provisions. The effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not anticipated. Through June 30, 2010, the Company operated exclusively in Australia. The Company was wholly subject to Australian income tax laws and regulations, which are administered by the Australian Taxation Office for the years ended June 30, 2010 and all prior years.

On November 23, 2010, the Company was incorporated in the state of Delaware. In January 2011, the Company acquired all of the outstanding shares of Propanc PTY LTD on a one-for-one basis with Propanc PTY LTD becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. As a result of these transactions, the Company is subject to the income tax laws of both the United States and Australia for the years ended June 30, 2014 through June 30, 2025.

The reconciliation of income tax expense computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% to the income tax provision for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:

The Company reflects a tax benefit on its consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive income (loss) in 2025 and 2024 of $0 and $129,132, respectively. These amounts are research and development tax credits and are not considered income tax.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act, among other things, permits NOL carryovers and carrybacks to offset 100% of taxable income for taxable years beginning before 2021. In addition, the CARES Act allows NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes.

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities consist of the following:

At June 30, 2025, the Company had U.S. net operating loss carry forwards of $87,182,865 that may be offset against future taxable income, subject to limitation under IRC Section 382. At June 30, 2025, the Company had Australia net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $28,702,379 which can be carried forward without expiration. No tax benefit has been reported in the June 30, 2025 and 2024 consolidated financial statements due to the uncertainty surrounding the realizability of the benefit, based on a more likely than not criteria and in consideration of available positive and negative evidence.

The Company applied the “more-likely-than-not” recognition threshold to all tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return, which resulted in no unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Management has determined that the realization of the net deferred tax asset is not assured and has created a valuation allowance for the entire amount of such benefits.

The Company follows ASC 740-10, which provides guidance for the recognition and measurement of certain tax positions in an enterprise’s financial statements. Recognition involves a determination whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination with the presumption that the tax position will be examined by the appropriate taxing authority having full knowledge of all relevant information.

The Company’s policy is to record interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits as additional income taxes in the consolidated statement of operations. As of June 30, 2025, the Company hadno unrecognized tax benefits. There wereno changes in the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024. The Company did not recognize any interest or penalties during fiscal 2025 or 2024 related to unrecognized tax benefits.

The income tax returns filed for the tax years from inception will be subject to examination by the relevant taxing authorities.

NOTE 8 –STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

Reverse Stock Split

On August 7, 2024, the Company received written consent in lieu of a meeting by the holders of a majority of the voting power of the Company’s outstanding capital stock as of August 7, 2024 and the Company’s Board of Directors approving such actions as are necessary for the Company to proceed to, and the Company accordingly intends to, effectuate and execute a reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock at a ratio of one post-split share persixty thousand pre-split shares (1:60,000) (the “Reverse Stock Split”). The Reverse Stock Split became effective as of January 29, 2025. Proportional adjustments for the Reverse Stock Split were made to the Company’s outstanding stock options, warrants and equity incentive plans. All share and per-share data and amounts have been retroactively adjusted as of the earliest period presented in the consolidated financial statements to reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

Preferred Stock

The total number of shares of preferred stock that the Company is authorized to issue is 1,500,005, $0.01 par value per share. These preferred shares have no rights to dividends, profit sharing or liquidation preferences, subject to any such rights provided for such shares in any certificate of designation filed by the Company with the State of Delaware.

Of the total preferred shares authorized,500,000 had been designated as Series A Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”), pursuant to the Certificate of Designation for the Series A Preferred Stock filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 9, 2014. There wereno shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 for both periods.

Pursuant to a certificate of designation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 16, 2015, five shares of preferred stock have been designated as Series B Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share, of the Company (“Series B Preferred Stock”). Each holder of shares of Series B Preferred Stock is entitled to voting power equivalent to the number of votes equal to the total number of shares of common stock outstanding as of the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at each meeting of stockholders of the Company and entitled to vote on all matters submitted or required to be submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Company. One share of Series B Preferred Stock is issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2025 and 2024. Mr. Nathanielsz, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, directly beneficially owns such one share of Series B Preferred Stock.

No additional shares of Series A Preferred Stock or Series B Preferred Stock were issued during fiscal year 2025 and 2024.

Common Stock

Shares issued under the Equity Lines

Dutchess Capital Growth Fund LP (“Dutchess”)

On July 13, 2022, the Company issued 0.24 shares of its common stock at an average price per share of approximately $120,000, as a result of delivering one Dutchess Draw Down Notice to Dutchess. Consequently, the Company received gross aggregate proceeds of $24,711 from such Dutchess Draw Down Notice. The Company received $23,758 of a previously recorded subscription receivable during the year ended June 30, 2023.

On July 20, 2023, the Company entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the “Equity Line Agreement”) with Dutchess Capital Growth Fund LP (the “Investor”) providing for an equity financing facility, pursuant to which Company has the option to request that the Investor commit to purchase up to $5,000,000 of the Company’s shares (the “Shares”) of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), over a 24-month term commencing on the date on which a registration statement filed by the Company to register the offer and resale of the Shares by the Investor (the “Registration Statement”) is declared effective by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Pursuant to the Equity Line Agreement, the Company has the option to exercise this right by providing a notice (a “Drawdown Notice”) from the Company to the Investor setting forth the number of Shares that the Investor will purchase. The Company has agreed to use the proceeds from such issuances for the purpose of financing its research and product development activities, finished product manufacture for clinical studies, working capital requirements and general corporate purposes.

Pursuant to the Equity Line Agreement, purchases of Shares cannot occur unless and until certain conditions are met, including but not limited to, the SEC declaring the Registration Statement effective, and the maximum number of Shares that may be purchased pursuant to a Drawdown Notice cannot exceed the lesser of (i) 200% of the average daily traded value of the Common Stock during the five (5) business days immediately preceding a Drawdown Notice or (ii) $200,000; provided that in no event may a Drawdown Notice be for less than $5,000, exceed 875 Shares or cause the Investor’s ownership to exceed 4.99% of the outstanding number of shares of Common Stock immediately prior to the issuance of such Shares. The actual amount of proceeds that the Company will receive in connection with each Drawdown Notice is determined under the Equity Line Agreement by multiplying the number of Shares to be sold by the applicable purchase price per share, which is equal to 85% of the lowest traded price of the Common Stock during the 7 business days immediately following the Clearing Date, less Clearing Costs (as each such term is defined in the Equity Line Agreement).

On December 13, 2023, the Company issued 23 shares of its common stock at an average price per share of approximately $360, as a result of delivering one draw down notice to the Investor for a subscription receivable of $8,822. The Company collected the subscription receivable of $8,822 in January 2024.

On February 20, 2024, the Company issued 29 shares of its common stock at an average price per share of approximately $78, as a result of delivering one draw down notice to the Investor for $2,260.

On June 11, 2024, the Company issued 263 shares of its common stock at an average price per share of approximately $48 as a result of delivering one draw down notice to the Investor for $11,975.

Coventry Enterprises, LLC

On November 3, 2022, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Coventry Purchase Agreement”) with Coventry providing for an equity financing facility (the “Coventry Equity Line”). The Purchase Agreement provides that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions in the Purchase Agreement, Coventry is committed to purchase up to Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000) of shares of common stock over the 36 month term of the Purchase Agreement.

Under the terms of the Coventry Purchase Agreement, Coventry will not be obligated to purchase shares of common stock unless and until certain conditions are met, including but not limited to a registration statement on Form S-1 becoming effective which registers Coventry’s resale of any common stock purchased by Coventry under the Coventry Equity Line. From time to time over the 36-month term of the Coventry Purchase Agreement, commencing on the trading day immediately following the date on which such registration statement becomes effective, the Company, in its sole discretion, may provide Coventry with a draw down notice (each, a “Coventry Draw Down Notice”), to purchase a specified number of shares of common stock (each, a “Coventry Draw Down Amount Requested”), subject to the limitations discussed below. The actual amount of proceeds the Company will receive pursuant to each Coventry Draw Down Notice (each, a “Coventry Draw Down Amount”) is to be determined by multiplying the Coventry Draw Down Amount Requested by the applicable purchase price. The purchase price of each share of common stock equals 80% of the lowest volume weighted average price of the Common Stock during the 10 business days immediately preceding the Coventry Drawdown Notice date.

The maximum number of shares of common stock requested to be purchased pursuant to any single Coventry Draw Down Notice cannot exceed the lesser of (i)200% of the average daily traded value of the common stock during the 10 business days immediately preceding the Coventry Draw Down Notice, (ii) $250,000 or (iii) an amount that would cause Coventry’s beneficial ownership to exceed 9.99% of the outstanding number of shares of common stock immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the Coventry Draw Down Notice. During the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company has not received a Coventry Draw Down Notice.

Shares issued for exercise of warrants

During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of 105 shares of common stock from the alternate cashless exercise of 0.000001 Series A warrants with an original exercise price of $12,000,000,000 and alternate cashless exercise price of $60 or the par value of common stock.

The Alternate Cashless Exercise provision, for a cashless conversion at the holder’s option, is available should the trading price of the Company’s common stock fall below $12,000,000 per share calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the Series A Warrant and 70% of the market price. The Company recognized the value of the effect of a down round feature in such warrants when triggered. Upon the occurrence of the triggering event that resulted in a reduction of the strike price, the Company measured the value of the effect of the feature as the difference between the fair value of the warrants without the down round feature or before the strike price reduction and the fair value of the warrants with a strike price corresponding to the reduced strike price upon the down round feature being triggered. Accordingly, the Company recognized deemed dividend of $0 and $192,960, during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and a corresponding reduction of income available to common stockholders upon the alternate cashless exercise of these warrants.

Shares issued for conversion of convertible debt

During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of 7,433 shares of its common stock at average contractual conversion price of $78, as a result of the conversion of principal of $531,654, interest of $28,829 and conversion fees $3,832 underlying certain outstanding convertible notes converted during the year.

Included in the above conversion during the year ended June 30, 2024 were aggregate principal amounts of convertible notes of $130,800, accrued interest of $8,700 and conversion fees of $3,832 containing bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued upon conversion was $352,565, resulting in a loss on extinguishment at the time of conversion of $209,233 and $263,798 of derivative liability fair value was recorded as a gain on extinguishment at the time of conversion, resulting in a net gain of $54,565 which is included in gain on extinguishment of debt in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

From July 1, 2024 through March 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 8,826 shares of its common stock at an average contractual conversion price of $12 as a result of the conversion of principal of $70,315, interest of $9,371 and conversion fees of $5,520 underlying certain outstanding convertible notes converted during the year.

Included in the above conversion during the year ended June 30, 2025, were principal aggregate amount of convertible notes of $54,850, accrued interest of $4,365 and conversion fees of $3,770 containing bifurcated embedded conversion option derivatives which were converted into common stock. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued upon conversion was $154,154, resulting in a loss on extinguishment at the time of conversion of $91,169 and $73,640 of derivative liability fair value and was recorded as a gain on extinguishment at the time of conversion, resulting in a net loss of $17,529 which is included in gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

The Company reclassified $10,229 from put premium liabilities to additional paid in capital following conversions and repayment during the year ended June 30, 2025.

The Company has 117,720 shares of its common stock reserved for future issuances based on lender reserve requirements pursuant to underlying financing agreements at June 30, 2025.

Shares issued for services rendered

On August 12, 2024, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with two consultants to provide investor relation services from August 12, 2024 to October 12, 2024 for a total fee of $7,500 for each consultant. In August 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of 250 shares of common stock to the consultants related to this consulting agreement. Those shares were valued at approximately $60 per share or $15,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant to such consultants. During the year ended June 30, 2025, the Company recorded stock-based compensation of $15,000.

On March 3, 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 8,555,500 shares of common stock to certain officers, employees, directors and consultants for services rendered. Those shares were valued at approximately $6 per share or $51,333,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant. During the year ended June 30, 2025, the Company recorded stock-based compensation of $51,333,000.

Shares issued for prepaid services

Between January 9, 2025 and March 23, 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,025,000 shares of fully vested, non-forfeitable common stock to various consultants for consulting, investor relations and business advisory services with service terms ranging from 6 months to three years. Those shares were valued at a weighted average price of approximately $12 (ranging from $7 to $15) or $23,881,110, being the closing prices of the stock on each respective date of grants. During the year ended June 30, 2025, the Company recorded stock-based compensation of $4,621,230. At June 30, 2025, the Company recorded prepaid expense – current portion of $8,334,046 and prepaid expense – long-term portion of $10,925,835 to be amortized over the terms of the respective agreements.

Shares issued in connection with Debt Exchange Agreements

Between January 5, 2025 and March 5, 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 51,000 shares of common stock to certain vendors in exchange for payment of outstanding balance of accounts payable of $129,354 pursuant to debt exchange agreements. Those shares were valued at a weighted average price of approximately $9 (ranging from $7 to $13) or $437,500, being the closing prices of the stock on each respective date of grants. Common stock issuable of 7,750 shares shall be issued due to the reduced offering price provision as defined in the debt exchange agreement to such vendor. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued and issuable was $468,500, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $339,146 during the year ended June 30, 2025.

On January 23, 2025, the Company entered into a Debt Exchange with the former director and issued 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loan of $74,395. Those shares were valued at approximately $13 per share or $375,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant to the former director. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $375,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $300,605 during the year ended June 30, 2025.

On February 5, 2025, the Company entered into debt exchange agreements with the two investors and issued an aggregate of 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loan including accrued interest of $86,248. Those shares were valued at $10 per share or $300,000, being the closing price of the stock on the date of grant to the two investors. Accordingly, the fair market value of the shares issued was $300,000, resulting in a loss on extinguishment of debt at the time of exchange of $213,752 during the year ended June 30, 2025.

Shares issued in connection with a Warrant Exchange Agreement

On March 3, 2025, the Company issued 900,000 shares of common stock to an investor in exchange for all the existing warrants (the “Warrant Exchange Warrants”) that included an alternate cashless exercise provision held by the investor pursuant to a Warrant Exchange Agreement. The fair value of the surrendered Exchange Warrants exceeded the fair value of the 900,000 shares of common stock issued. Accordingly, there was no deemed dividend recorded in connection with the Warrant Exchange Agreement. The fair value of the 900,000 shares of common stock issued was $6 per share or $5.4 million based on the quoted trading price on the exchange date.

Restricted Stock Units

Pursuant to employment agreements dated in May 2019, the Company granted de minimis restricted stock unit (after the Reverse Stock Split) to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Scientific Officer. Such restricted stock units are subject to vesting terms as defined in the employment agreements. Such restricted stock units were valued at the fair value of approximately $497,240 based on the quoted trading price on the date of grant. There were $248,620 unrecognized restricted stock units expense as of June 30, 2025 and 2024. A de minimis amount of unvested restricted stock units which are subject to various performance conditions have not yet been met and have not yet vested as of June 30, 2025 to which the above amount of $248,620 relates to.

Stock Options

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is presented below:

On the Effective Date, the Company’s board of directors approved and adopted the Company’s 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), which reserves a total of 1 share of the Company’s common stock for issuance under the 2019 Plan. Incentive awards authorized under the 2019 Plan include, but are not limited to, incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards and restricted stock units.

During the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized stock-based compensation of $0 for both periods. There was $0 of unvested stock options expense as of June 30, 2025. No stock options were granted during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Stock Warrants

The following table summarizes common stock warrant activity for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

In connection with the issuance of shares on April 3, 2020, the Company closed on a transaction related to a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) entered into on March 30, 2020, whereby an investor purchased from the Company, 0.0001 units, each consisting of (i) 0.0001 shares of the Company’s common stock, or pre-funded warrants upon investor’s election due to the 4.99% blocker provision and (ii) 0.00003 warrants to purchase one share of Common Stock (“Series A Warrants”, and collectively with the Common Stock the “Units”). In addition to the Units, the investor was issued 0.001 warrants to purchase one share of Common Stock (the “Series B Warrants”) and an additional 0.001 warrants to purchase one share of Common Stock, subject to a vesting schedule (the “Series C Warrants” and, together with the Prefunded Warrants, the Series A Warrants, and the Series B Warrants, the “Warrants”). Due to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, the Company granted 0.0002 Prefunded Warrants with exercise price of $6,000,000 (but can be less than par value). The Prefunded Warrants were exercisable immediately and expired when exercised in full. (See shares issued in connection with a Warrant Exchange Agreement noted above)

Series A Warrants

Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement entered into March 20, 2020 as discussed above, the investor purchased Series A Warrants to purchase up to 0.0002 shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment as provided therein. The Series A Warrants had a cash exercise price of $12,000,000,000 per share and were immediately exercisable and expired in 3 years (see extension noted below). The Series A Warrants contained a provision for cashless exercise in the event there was no effective registration statement registering the shares underlying the Series A Warrants calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the Series A Warrant and the trading price of the stock (the “Cashless Exercise”). Additionally, the Series A Warrants contained a provision for a cashless conversion at the Holder’s option should the trading price of the Common Stock fall below $12,000,000,000, per share calculated based on the difference between the exercise price of the Series A Warrant and 70% of the Market Price, as defined therein (the” Alternate Cashless Exercise”). The Alternate Cashless Exercise price was $0.001 or the par value. See above “Shares issued for exercise of warrants” for discussion of deemed dividend related to alternate cashless exercise.

Series B Warrants

Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement entered into March 20, 2020 as discussed above, the investor purchased Series B Warrants to purchase up to 0.001 shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment as provided therein; provided, however, commencing on the 90th day following the effective date, the Company may reduce the number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise thereof by 38 upon 10 Trading Days’ prior written notice to the Holder provided that the Company issues to the Holder 0.0001 shares of Common Stock (or, at the election of the Holder, an equivalent number of pre-funded warrants) and Series A Warrants to purchase up to 0.0001 shares of Common Stock, which shares shall be issued pursuant to a registration statement without restrictions on resale. The Series B Warrants had a cash exercise price of $2,400,000,000 per share and expired in 3 years (see extension noted below). The Series B Warrants contained a provision for Cashless Exercise.

Series C Warrants

Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement entered into March 20, 2020 as discussed above, the investor purchased Series C Warrants to purchase up to 0.001 shares of Common Stock, subject to adjustment as provided therein and expired in 3 years (see extension noted below). The Series C Warrants had a cash exercise price of $12,000,000,000 per share, subject to a vesting schedule, which was based on such Holder’s exercise of the Series B Warrants (warrants shall be exercisable ratably upon exercise of Series B Warrants). The Series C Warrants contained provisions for Cashless Exercise and Alternate Cashless Exercise. See above “Shares issued for exercise of warrants” for discussion of deemed dividend related to alternate cashless exercise.

Letter Agreement to Extend Termination Dates.

On March 8, 2023, the Company agreed with the holder of Series B Warrants (the “Holder”) pursuant to a letter agreement to exercise up to $250,000 of Series B Warrants currently held as follows:

As an inducement to exercise the Existing Warrants, the Company agreed to extend the termination date of the Existing Warrants and the Series A Warrants held by the Holder to March 27, 2025, and to extend the termination date of the Series C Warrants held by the Holder to the third anniversary of the last vesting date of such warrants, effective upon the exercise of the first $150,000 of Existing Warrants.

In accordance with ASC 815-40-35-17(c), the effect of a modification or an exchange of an equity classified freestanding written call option was measured as the difference between the fair value of the modified instrument and the fair value of that instrument immediately before it was modified. The Company recognized the effect of the modifications of the warrants above that was directly attributable to an actual equity offering as an equity issuance cost which amount was not material. The modified warrants were determined to be equity classified, accordingly, the incremental fair value and equity issuance cost were both recognized in additional paid in capital and therefore, there was no effect in equity and such value is de minimis.

On March 3, 2025, the Company issued 900,000 shares of common stock to the investor in exchange for all the Existing Warrants (the “Exchange Warrants”) that included an alternate cashless exercise provision held by the investor pursuant to a Warrant Exchange Agreement. The fair value of the surrendered Exchange Warrants exceeded the fair value of the 900,000 shares of common stock issued. Accordingly, there was no deemed dividend recorded in connection with the Warrant Exchange Agreement. The fair value of the 900,000 shares issued was $6 per share or $5.4 million based on the quoted trading price on the exchange date.

Warrants Granted to Lender – Related Party

July 5, 2023, the Company and an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which such investor loaned the Company an aggregate of $230,000 AUD ($153,256 USD). Pursuant to such agreement, the term of such loan is three (3) years, ending on July 5, 2026, with an interest rate of 10% to be paid monthly in arrears. In connection with such loan, the Company issued 250 warrants to purchase common stock to such investor immediately exercisable at an initial exercise price of $600 per share (subject to certain adjustments such as stock dividend, stock splits, subsequent right offering and pro-rata distribution) with an expiry date of July 5, 2026. The Company accounted for the 250 warrants issued with this loan payable by using the relative fair value method. The total debt discount which is equivalent to the relative fair value of the warrants of $141,084 using a Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: stock price at valuation date of $7,140 based on the closing price of common stock at date of grant, exercise price of $600, dividend yield ofzero, expected term of 3.00, a risk-free rate of 4.59%, and expected volatility of 268% and was recorded to additional paid in capital (see Note 5).

Exercise of Warrants

During the year ended June 30, 2024, the Company issued an aggregate of 105 shares of common stock from the alternate cashless exercise of 0.000001 Series A warrants with an original exercise price of $12,000,000,000 and alternate cashless exercise price of $60 or the par value of common stock.

NOTE 9 –COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Matters

From time to time, the Company may be subject to litigation and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company is not currently a party to any material legal proceedings and the Company is not aware of any pending or threatened legal proceeding against the Company that we believe could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows or financial condition.

IRS Liability

As part of its requirement for having a foreign operating subsidiary, the Company is required to file an informational Form 5471 to the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), which is a form that explains the nature of the relationship between the foreign subsidiary and the parent company. From 2012 through the 2014, the Company did not file this form in a timely manner. As a result of the non-timely filings, the Company incurred a penalty from the IRS in the amount of $10,000 per year, or $30,000 in total, plus accrued interest, such penalty and interest having been accrued and is included in the accrued expenses and other payable figure on the June 30, 2025 and 2024 consolidated balance sheets. The Company recorded the penalties for all three years during the year ended June 30, 2018. The Company is current on all subsequent filings.

Operating Agreements

In November 2009, the Company entered into a commercialization agreement with the University of Bath (UK) (the “UK University”), whereby the Company and the UK University co-owned the intellectual property relating to the Company’s pro-enzyme formulations. In June 2012, the Company and the UK University entered into an assignment and amendment whereby the Company assumed full ownership of the intellectual property, while agreeing to pay royalties of 2% of net revenues to the UK University. Additionally, the Company agreed to pay 5% of each and every license agreement subscribed for. The contract is cancellable at any time by either party. To date, no amounts are owed under the agreement.

Collaboration Agreement

On September 13, 2018, the Company entered into a two-year collaboration agreement with the University of Jaén (the “University”) to provide certain research services to the Company. In consideration of such services, the Company agreed to pay the University approximately 52,000 Euros ($59,508 USD) in year one and a maximum of 40,000 Euros ($45,775 USD) in year two. Additionally, in exchange for full ownership of the intellectual property, the Company agreed to pay royalties of 2% of net revenues to the University.

On October 1, 2020, the Company entered into another two-year collaboration agreement with the University to provide certain research services to the Company. In consideration of such services, the Company agreed to pay the University approximately 30,000 Euros ($35,145 USD), which were paid in four installment payment of 5,000 Euros in November 2020,5,000 Euros ($5,858) in March 2021,10,000 Euros ($11,715) in December 2021 and 10,000 Euros ($11,715) in September 2022. Additionally, the University agreed to hire and train a doctoral student for this project and the Company agreed to pay the University 25,837 Euros ($30,268 USD). In exchange for full ownership of the intellectual property, the Company agreed to pay royalties of 2% of net revenues to the University.

On July 27, 2022, the Company entered into a two-year research agreement with the University to provide certain research and experiment services to the Company. One of the Company’s Scientific Advisory Board is the lead joint researcher of the University. In exchange for full ownership of the intellectual property, the Company agreed to pay royalties of 1% of net revenues each to two members of the Scientific Advisory Board. In consideration of such services, the Company agreed to pay the University approximately 53,200 Euros ($53,806 USD) payable as follows:

-18,200 Euros ($18,407 USD) upon execution (paid in August 2022),

• 8,000 Euros ($8,091 USD) in September 2022 (unpaid),

-7,000 Euros ($7,080 USD) in December 2022 (unpaid),

-10,000 Euros ($10,114 USD) in March 2023 (unpaid), and

-10,000 Euros ($10,114 USD) in July 2023 (unpaid).

The commencement date for the experiments was on September 1, 2022, and the estimated length of time for completion is 24 months.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company has $51,468 and $47,531, respectively, balance due to the University for unreimbursed lab fees, which are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, there are no royalty fees owed to the University.

Consulting Agreements

On May 4, 2024, the Company entered into an Engagement Agreement (the “Agreement”) with EF Hutton LLC (the “Consultant”) which will act as an exclusive lead underwriter, financial advisor, placement agent and investment banker of the Company, whereby the Consultant will assist the Company to a public offering and uplisting of the Company’s equity, debt or equity derivative instruments. The engagement period shall end on the earlier of i) 12 months from the date of this agreement or ii) the final closing if any of the offering. The Consultant will prepare an Underwriting Agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”) covering the sale of up to $15 million of equity, equity derivatives, and equity linked instruments of the Company. The Company shall pay compensation for:

(a) Financing Fees:

(i) For private equity and equity-linked placements, pay the Consultant a cash fee of eight percent (8.0%) of the amount of capital raised, invested or committed, payable in cash at the closing or closings of the financing to which it relates; and

(ii) For debt placements, pay the Consultant a cash fee of six percent (6.0%) of the amount of capital raised, invested or committed, payable in cash at the closing or closings of the financing to which it relates.

(iii) As additional compensation for EF Hutton’s services, the Company shall issue to the Consultant or its designees at the closing warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase that number of shares of common stock equal to three percent (3.0%) of the aggregate proceeds sold in an offering. The Warrants will be exercisable at any time in whole or in part, during thefive years (5) years from the effective date of the Offering at a price per share equal to the Offering price. The Warrants will provide for piggyback registration rights, Black Scholes change in control provisions and customary anti-dilution provisions and adjustments in the number and price of such warrants and the shares underlying such warrants resulting from corporate events which would include dividends, reorganizations, mergers, etc. and future issuance of Common Stock or Common Stock equivalents at prices or with exercise and/or conversion prices below the offering price as permitted under FINRA Rule 5110(f)(2)(G).

Additionally, the Consultant shall be entitled to a cash fee equal to eight percent (8.0%) of the gross proceeds received by the Company from the sale of any equity, debt and/or equity derivative instruments to any investor introduced by the Consultant to the Company during the engagement period, in connection with any public or private financing or capital raise.

(b) Merger, acquisition or sale of stock or assets (the “M&A Transaction”) Fees: The M&A Transaction fees shall be payable to the Consultant in cash at the closing or closings of the M&A Transaction to which it relates and shall be equal to five percent (5.0%) of M&A Transaction consideration.

The Company will be responsible for and will pay all expenses relating to the offering as defined in the Agreement. Additionally, the Company will provide an expense advance (the “Advance”) to the Consultant of $50,000, of which $25,000 was payable upon the execution of the Agreement and $25,000 of which is payable upon the initial filing of a registration statement. The Company paid $25,000 in May 2024 which was recorded as deferred offering cost as of June 30, 2025 and 2024 for both periods. During the year ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, EF Hutton did not close any offering and the Company engaged another underwriter for an Offering that closed in August 2025.

On August 14, 2025, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with D. Boral Capital, LLC, as representative (the “Representative”) of the underwriters (the “Underwriters”) in connection with a public offering of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 (the “Common Stock”). The Underwriting Agreement provides for the offer and sale of 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock at a price to the public of $4.00 per share (the “Offering”). In connection therewith, the Company agreed to issue to the Representative, warrants to purchase 30,000 of shares of common stock at a price equal $4.00 per share (the “Representative’s Warrants”). The Representative’s Warrants are exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, from February 15, 2026 through August 15, 2030 and contain provisions for cashless exercise. The Company also granted the Underwriters an overallotment option for a period of 45 days to purchase up to an additional 150,000 shares of common stock. The Offering was made pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1 and a related prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which was declared effective by the SEC on August 13, 2025. The Underwriting Agreement includes customary representations, warranties and covenants by the Company. It also provides that the Company will indemnify the Underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended or contribute to payments the Underwriter may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.

The Company accrued $115,000 for services rendered by the Underwriters as of June 30, 2025 which was recorded as deferred offering cost. No payment was made during the year ended June 30, 2025. The Company paid the underwriting expenses in August 2025 upon closing of the Offering (see Note 13).

Operating Leases – Related Party

On May 4, 2022, the Company entered in a three-year lease agreement with North Horizon Pty Ltd., a related party, for a monthly rent of $3,000 AUD or $2,176 USD (depending on exchange rate) per month plus taxes. On May 4, 2022, the Company recorded right-of-use assets $66,201 and total lease liabilities of $66,201 based on an incremental borrowing rate of 8%.

On May 4, 2025, the Company entered in a one-year lease agreement with North Horizon Pty Ltd., a related party, for a monthly rent of $3,300 AUD or $2,127 USD (depending on exchange rate) per month plus taxes with an option to renew the lease for an additional two-year term. On May 4, 2025, the Company recorded right-of-use assets of $62,126 and total lease liabilities of $62,126 based on an incremental borrowing rate of 12%.

ROU is summarized below:

Operating Lease liabilities are summarized below:

Remaining future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating lease at June 30, 2025 are as follows:

The weighted average remaining lease term for the operating lease is 2.77 years as of June 30, 2025.

NOTE 10 –RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS AND BALANCES

Since its inception, the Company has conducted transactions with its directors and entities related to such directors.

These transactions have included the following:

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company owed its former director a total of $0 and $29,759, respectively, related to expenses paid on behalf of the Company related to corporate startup costs and intellectual property. Additionally, as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company owed its former director a total of $0 and $49,528, respectively, for money loaned to the Company, throughout the years. On January 23, 2025, the Company entered into a Debt Exchange with the former director and issued 30,000 shares of common stock in exchange for the total outstanding loans of $74,395 (see Note 4).

Effective May 5, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement for the lease of its principal executive offices with North Horizon Pty Ltd., a related party, of which Mr. Nathanielsz, our CEO, CFO and a director, and his wife are owners and directors. The lease had a five-year term and provided for annual rental payments of $39,600 AUD or $28,325 USD, which includes $3,600 AUD or $2,575 USD of goods and service tax for total payments of $198,000 AUD or $141,629 USD during the term of the lease. Such lease expired in May 2021 and was renewed for another one-year term from May 2021 to May 2022. On May 4, 2022, the Company entered into a three-year lease agreement with North Horizon Pty Ltd. for a monthly rent of $3,000 AUD or $2,176 USD (depending on exchange rate) per month plus taxes (See Note 9). As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, total rent payable of $200,402 AUD ($131,684 USD) and $194,129 AUD ($129,930 USD), respectively, was included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Rent expense under those lease was $34,150 and $34,150 in fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively and reflected as occupancy expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Loans payable - Related Party (see Note 5)

Between November 2023 and May 2024, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $71,629. Additionally, in August 2024, the same affiliated institutional investor loaned the Company an amount of $85,000 AUD ($57,639 USD). These loans bear no interest and are payable on demand.

Effective August 1, 2024, the Company entered into and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $150,000 AUD ($98,060 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the loan is November 1, 2024, or sooner at the discretion of the Company, and the loan bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company has the right to prepay in full at any time with no prepayment penalty. By mutual consent the amount can be repaid via the issuance of common stock of the Company (upon uplisting on NASDAQ) and the strike price shall be at a 35% discount to lowest daily balance of the five preceding trading days. Such loan is past due and currently in default.

Between November 2024 and December 2024, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $15,000 AUD ($9,731 USD). These loans bear no interest and are payable on demand. The Company repaid $12,000 AUD of this loan on August 19, 2025.

Effective December 3, 2024, the Company entered into and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $175,000 AUD ($113,485 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The term of the loan is four months or less (to be determined at the discretion of the Company), with $70,000 AUD was due on February 28, 2024 and $105,000 AUD was due on April 2, 2024. The loan bears an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. Such loan is past due and currently in default.

In January 2025, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $25,000 AUD ($15,485 USD). This loan bore no interest and was payable on demand. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

On April 12, 2025, the Company entered into and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $63,188 AUD ($39,625 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was on June 30, 2025. The loan bore an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

On June 13, 2025, the Company entered into and closed a loan agreement with an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, pursuant to which the investor loaned the Company an aggregate principal amount of $15,000 AUD ($9,675 USD). The Company used the net proceeds for general working capital purposes. The maturity date was on June 30, 2025. The loan bore an interest rate of 12% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. The Company fully repaid this loan on August 19, 2025.

Loan payable -long-term- Related Party

On July 5, 2023, the Company and an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, entered into a letter agreement, pursuant to which such investor loaned the Company an aggregate of $230,000 AUD ($153,256 USD). Pursuant to such agreement, the term of such loan is three (3) years, ending on July 5, 2026, with an interest rate of 10% to be paid monthly in arrears. In connection with such loan, the Company issued 250 warrants to purchase common stock to such investor immediately exercisable at an initial exercise price of $600 per share (subject to certain adjustments such as stock dividend, stock splits, subsequent right offering and pro-rata distribution) with an expiry date of July 5, 2026 (see Note 5).

Employment and Services Agreements with Management

The Company and Mr. Nathanielsz entered into an employment agreement as of February 25, 2015 (the “Nathanielsz Employment Agreement”) setting forth the terms and conditions of Mr. Nathanielsz’s employment as the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer. The Nathanielsz Employment Agreement was scheduled to expire on February 25, 2019; however, the term of the Nathanielsz Employment Agreement automatically renews for successive one-year periods unless either party provides 30 days’ prior written notice of his or its intent not to renew. The Nathanielsz Employment Agreement continues in effect, as amended on October 26, 2022 (see below). The Nathanielsz Employment Agreement provides Mr. Nathanielsz with a base salary of $25,000 AUD per month ($300,000 AUD annually or $205,680 USD) and a monthly contribution to Mr. Nathanielsz’s pension equal to 9.5% of his monthly salary. Mr. Nathanielsz has the ability to convert any accrued but unpaid salary into common stock at the end of each fiscal year at a conversion price to be determined by Mr. Nathanielsz and the Company, which will in no event be lower than par value or higher than the closing bid price on the date of conversion. Pursuant to the Nathanielsz Employment Agreement, Mr. Nathanielsz is entitled to an annual discretionary bonus in an amount up to 200% of his annual base salary, which bonus shall be determined by the Company’s board of directors based upon the performance of the Company. On March 16, 2018, the Company’s board of directors approved an increase of Mr. Nathanielsz’s annual base salary from $300,000 AUD ($205,680 USD) to $400,000 AUD ($274,240 USD), effective February 2018. On August 1, 2022, the Company’s board of directors approved an increase of Mr. Nathanielsz’s annual base salary from $400,000 AUD ($309,313 USD) to $600,000 AUD ($414,900 USD), effective July 1, 2022.

Mr. Nathanielsz’s wife, Sylvia Nathanielsz, is and has been a non-executive, part-time employee of the Company since October 2015. Effective February 1, 2018, Mrs. Nathanielsz receives an annual salary of $120,000 AUD ($80,904 USD) and is entitled to customary benefits.

Pursuant to a February 25, 2016 board resolution, James Nathanielsz was paid $4,481 AUD ($3,205 USD), on a monthly basis for the purpose of acquiring and maintaining an automobile which car allowance expired in August 2022. For the fiscal years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, $6,866 USD and $$17,714 USD, respectively, was paid to Mr. Nathanielsz for vehicle related expenses.

On August 12, 2021, the Board approved a bonus of $177,840 USD. A total of $221,890 AUD ($166,418 USD) in payments were made against the bonuses during the year ended June 30, 2021 resulting in a remaining balance of $422,610 AUD ($316,957 USD) bonus payable as of June 30, 2021 which was included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. On August 12, 2021, pursuant to the Cancellation Agreement, Mr. Nathanielsz agreed to cancel $177,840 of the bonus payable in exchange for 99 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. On August 1, 2022, the Board approved a bonus of $140,000 AUD or $96,810 USD. A total of $73,387 AUD ($48,905 USD) in payments were made in respect of the bonuses during the year ended June 30, 2023, resulting in a remaining balance of $107,937 AUD ($71,929 USD) bonus payable as of June 30, 2023 which was included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

A total of $25,000 AUD ($16,070 USD) in payments were made in respect of the bonuses during the year ended June 30, 2024. In January 2024, the Board approved a bonus of $150,000 AUD or $102,195 USD resulting in a remaining balance of $217,540 AUD ($141,118 USD) bonus payable as of June 30, 2024. In June 2025, the Board approved a bonus of $198,000 AUD or $130,106 USD resulting in a remaining balance of $415,540 AUD ($273,051 USD) bonus payable as of June 30, 2025 which was included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement

On May 14, 2019 (the “Effective Date”), the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (the “Employment Agreement”) with Mr. Nathanielsz for a term ofthree years, subject to automatic one-year renewals, at an annual salary of $400,000 AUD ($309,313 USD). Pursuant to the Employment Agreement, Mr. Nathanielsz was granted options to purchase a de minimis share of common stock (the “Nathanielsz Options”), de minimis restricted stock units of the Company (the “Initial Nathanielsz RSUs”), and an additional de minimis restricted stock units of the Company (the “Additional Nathanielsz RSUs”). Such options and restricted stock units were granted pursuant to the 2019 Plan approved by the Board on the Effective Date. The Nathanielsz Options have a term of 10 years from the date of grant. The Nathanielsz Options and Additional Nathanielsz RSU’s are subject to vesting periods pursuant to the Employment Agreement. There are de minimis vested options and restricted stock units that are considered issuable as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.

On October 26, 2022, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement (the “Amended Agreement”) with Mr. Nathanielsz, effective as of July 1, 2022, (the “2022 Effective Date”). The Amended Agreement provides Mr. Nathanielsz with a base salary of $600,000 AUD ($414,900 USD) per annum. The Company has also agreed to pay Mr. Nathanielsz an annual discretionary bonus in an amount up to 100% of his annual base salary, reduced from 200%, which bonus shall be determined by the Board and based upon the performance of the Company. The Amended Agreement has a term of three (3) years from the 2022 Effective Date, with automatic one-year renewal periods unless either party elects not to renew.

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement

On May 14, 2019, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Services Agreement (the “Services Agreement”) with Dr. Kenyon, the Company’s Chief Scientific Officer and a director, for a term ofthree years, subject to automatic one-year renewals, at an annual salary of $54,000 AUD ($41,580 USD). In connection with the execution of the Services Agreement, Dr. Kenyon was designated as an executive officer of the Company and assumed a more active executive role with the Company. Pursuant to the Services Agreement, Dr. Kenyon was granted options to purchase a de minimis share of common stock (the “Kenyon Options”), a de minimis restricted stock units of the Company (the “Initial Kenyon RSUs”), and an additional de minimis restricted stock units of the Company (the “Additional Kenyon RSUs”). Such options and restricted stock units were granted pursuant to the 2019 Plan. The Kenyon Options have a term of 10 years from the date of grant. The Kenyon Options and Additional Kenyon RSU’s are subject to vesting periods pursuant to the Services Agreement. There are de minimis vested options and restricted stock units that are considered issuable as of June 30, 2025 and 2024.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, total accrued salaries of $202,000 AUD ($132,734 USD) and $148,000 AUD ($97,044 USD), respectively, were included in accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Employee Benefit Liability

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, total employee benefit liability of $667,901 and $639,371, respectively, consist of unpaid or unused annual leave and long service leave by Mr. Nathanielsz and Sylvia Nathanielsz, as reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Intercompany Loans

All intercompany loans were made by the parent to the Company’s subsidiary, Propanc PTY LTD, none of which has been repaid as of June 30, 2025. Effective fiscal year 2021, the parent company determined that intercompany loans will not be repaid in the foreseeable future and thus, per ASC 830-20-35-3, gains and losses from measuring the intercompany balances are recorded within cumulative translation adjustment on the consolidated balance sheet as accumulated other comprehensive income.

NOTE 11 –CONCENTRATIONS AND RISKS

Concentration of Credit Risk

The Company maintains its cash in banks and financial institutions in Australia. Bank deposits in Australian banks are uninsured. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts through June 30, 2025.

In fiscal 2024, the Company primarily relied on funding from five convertible and non-convertible debt lenders and received net proceeds after deductions of $103,900 for original issue discounts and debt issue costs from each of the five lenders of $295,000, $150,000, $127,500, $120,000 and $224,885, respectively which represents approximately 28%,14%,12%,11% and 21%, respectively of total net proceeds received by the Company during fiscal 2024.

In fiscal 2025, the Company primarily relied on funding from five convertible debt lenders and received net proceeds after deductions of $46,200 for original issue discounts and debt issue costs from each of the five lenders of $160,000, $180,000, $125,000, $245,640 and $98,060, respectively, which represents approximately 18%,20%,14%,28% and 11%, respectively, of total proceeds received by the Company during fiscal 2025.

Receivable Concentration

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s receivables were 100% related to reimbursements on GST taxes paid.

Patent and Patent Concentration

The Company has filed multiple patent applications relating to its lead product, PRP. The Company’s lead patent application has been granted and remains in force in the United States, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Turkey, United Kingdom, Australia, China, Japan, Indonesia, Israel, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa, Republic of Korea, India and Brazil. In Canada and Mexico, the patent applications have been accepted as of fiscal year 2023.

In 2016 and early 2017, the Company filed other patent applications. Three applications were filed under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (the “PCT”). The PCT assists applicants in seeking patent protection by filing one international patent application under the PCT, applicants can simultaneously seek protection for an invention in over 150 countries. Once filed, the application is placed under the control of the national or regional patent offices, as applicable, in what is called the national phase. One of the PCT applications filed in November 2016, entered national phase in July 2018 and another PCT application entered national phase in August 2018. A third PCT application entered the national phase in October 2018.

In July 2020, a world-first patent was granted in Australia for the cancer treatment method patent family. Presently, there are 85 granted, allowed, or accepted patents and 5 patents filed, or under examination in key global jurisdictions relating to the use of proenzymes against solid tumors, covering the lead product candidate PRP.

Further patent applications are expected to be filed to capture and protect additional patentable subject matter based on the Company’s field of technology relating to pharmaceutical compositions of proenzymes for treating cancer.

Foreign Operations

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s operations are based in Camberwell, Australia; however, the majority of research and development is being conducted in the European Union.

On July 22, 2016, the Company formed a wholly-owned subsidiary, Propanc (UK) Limited under the laws of England and Wales, for the purpose of submitting an orphan drug application with the European Medicines Agency as a small and medium-sized enterprise. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, there has been no activity within this entity.

NOTE 12 -DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Derivative Financial Instruments:

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 815-40,Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity, under which convertible instruments and warrants, which contain terms that protect holders from declines in the stock price (reset provisions), may not be exempt from derivative accounting treatment. As a result, warrants and embedded conversion options in convertible debt are recorded as a liability and are revalued at fair value at each reporting date. If the fair value of the warrants exceeds the face value of the related debt, the excess is recorded as change in fair value in operations on the issuance date. The Company had $291,650 (9 notes) and $110,500 (3 notes) of convertible debt, which were treated as derivative instruments outstanding at June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The Company calculates the estimated fair values of the liabilities for derivative instruments using the Binomial Trees Method. The closing price of the Company’s common stock at June 30, 2025 was $4.15 per share. The volatility, expected remaining term, and risk-free interest rates used to estimate the fair value of derivative liabilities at June 30, 2025 and 2024 are indicated in the table that follows. The expected term is equal to the remaining term of the warrants or convertible instruments and the risk-free rate is based upon rates for treasury securities with the same term.

Convertible Debt

Fair Value Measurements:

The Company measures and reports at fair value the liability for derivative instruments. The fair value liabilities for price adjustable warrants and embedded conversion options have been recorded as determined utilizing the Binomial Trees model.

The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2025:

The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2024:

The following is a roll forward for the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 of the fair value liability of price adjustable derivative instruments:

NOTE 13 –SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Issuance of promissory note

On July 18, 2025, the Company entered into a promissory note agreement with an investor, pursuant to which the investor agreed to purchase a promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $82,500, for a purchase price of $75,000. Such note is a non-convertible note. The Company intends to use the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note is September 15, 2025 and bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and default interest rate of 18% per annum. Repayment of the note may occur as follows: (a) if the Company repays this note on or before August 18, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred percent (100%) of the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the note (the “Principal Amount”) at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due; and (b) if the Company repays the note after August 18, 2025 and on or before September 18, 2025, then Company shall pay investor in cash the sum of one hundred twenty percent (120%) of the sum of the outstanding Principal Amount at such time, all accrued interest unpaid at such time, and any other payment due (the “Maximum Repayment Amount”) or (b) at such time as the Company and the investor may agree to effect repayment. The Company fully repaid this note in August 2025.

Issuance of convertible note

1800 Diagonal Lending

July 22, 2025 Securities Purchase Agreement

On July 22, 2025, the Company entered into and closed a securities purchase agreement 1800 Diagonal (the “Investor”), pursuant to which the Investor agreed to purchase a convertible promissory note from the Company in the aggregate principal amount of $112,350, for a purchase price of $107,000. The Company intends to use the net proceeds therefrom for general working capital purposes. The maturity date of the note is April 30, 2026, and bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum. Such principal and the interest thereon are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at the option of 1800 Diagonal any time after 180 days from the date of issuance. This note contains debt issue costs of $7,000. The conversion price for this note is equal to 75% (25% discount) of the market price which means the average of the lowest ten trading prices of the common stock for the ten trading days immediately prior to the delivery of a notice of conversion. The Company fully repaid this note in August 2025.

Loans Payable – Related Party

Between July 3, 2025 and August 14, 2025, an institutional investor affiliated with one of our directors, Josef Zelinger, loaned the Company an aggregate of $110,000 AUD ($71,450 USD). These loans bore no interest and were payable on demand. The Company fully repaid these loans on August 19, 2025.

Underwriting Agreement and the Closing of Offering

On August 14, 2025, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement with D. Boral Capital, LLC, as representative of the underwriters in connection with a public offering of the Company’s common stock. The Underwriting Agreement provides for the offer and sale of 1,000,000 shares of common stock at a price to the public of $4.00 per share (the “Offering”). In connection therewith, the Company agreed to issue to the Representative, warrants to purchase 30,000 of shares of common stock at a price equal $4.00 per share (the “Representative’s Warrants”). The Representative’s Warrants are exercisable at any time and from time to time, in whole or in part, from February 15, 2026 through August 15, 2030 and contains cashless exercise provision. The Company also granted the Underwriters an overallotment option for a period of 45 days to purchase up to an additional 150,000 shares of common stock.

On August 18, 2025, the Offering was completed. At the closing, the Company (i) sold 1,000,000 shares of Common Stock for total gross proceeds of $4,000,000, and (ii) issued the Representative’s Warrants. After deducting the underwriting commissions and Offering expenses, the Company received net proceeds of $3,340,000.

Shares issued for conversion of convertible debt

From August 2025 through September 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 194,966 shares of its common stock at an average contractual conversion price of $1.75 as a result of the conversion of principal of $257,857, default penalty of $41,563, accrued interest $36,430 and conversion fees of $4,906 underlying certain outstanding convertible notes converted during such period (see Note 6). The Company reclassified $114,400 in put premiums to additional paid in capital following these conversions.

Repayment of Debts

On August 19, 2025, the Company fully repaid the total principal of promissory notes issued from August 2023 to June 2025 amounting $352,405 including total accrued interest and default penalty of $34,320 (see Note 6).

Between July 2025 and August 2025, the Company fully repaid certain promissory notes issued from January 2025 to June 2025 with aggregate principal amount of $212,060, and accrued interest of $31,809 (see Note 6).

Between August 12, 2025 and August 15, 2025, the Company made the three installment payments under a certain promissory note issued in December 2024 for a total payment of $21,218 (see Note 6).

On August 21, 2025, the Company fully repaid certain loans payable to a related party with loan dates from December 2024 to August 2025 with aggregate principal amount of $225,188 AUD ($144,618 USD), and accrued interest of $6,205 AUD ($3,985 USD) (see Note 5).

Consulting Agreement

On August 15, 2025, the Company and a consultant agreed to enter into a three-month consulting agreement to provide digital marketing related services for a monthly fee of $100,000 and a one-time payment of $300,000 upon signing this agreement. On August 30, 2025, the Company amended this agreement whereby the Company agreed to provide additional compensation by issuing 500,000 shares of common stock every three months. The first issuance of shares shall occur on September 1, 2025 and subsequent issuances shall occur on the first day of every three-month period thereafter. Except for the changes made in the amendment, all other terms and provisions of the original agreement shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect.