US GOLD CORP
For the period ended Apr 30, 2024. Filed Jul 29, 2024.
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FY2024 · Filed Jul 29, 2024
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Items 1 and 2. BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES
Overview
U.S. Gold Corp., formerly known as Dataram Corporation (the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”), was re-incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada in 2016 and was originally incorporated in the State of New Jersey in 1967. Effective June 26, 2017, the Company changed its legal name to U.S. Gold Corp. from Dataram Corporation. On May 23, 2017, the Company merged with Gold King Corp. (“Gold King”), in a transaction treated as a reverse acquisition and recapitalization, and the business of Gold King became the business of the Company. We are a gold, copper and precious metals development and exploration company pursuing exploration opportunities primarily in Wyoming, Nevada and Idaho.
While we are an exploration and development company that owns certain mining leases and other mineral rights comprising the CK Gold Project in Wyoming, the Keystone Project in Nevada and the Challis Gold Project in Idaho, most of our recent activity has focused on moving the CK Gold Project along the development pathway. The Company’s CK Gold Project’s property contains proven and probable mineral reserves and accordingly is classified as a development stage property, as defined in subpart 1300 of Regulation S-K (“S-K 1300”) promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). None of the Company’s other properties contain proven and probable mineral reserves and all activities are exploratory in nature. We do not currently have any revenue-producing activities.
Corporate Organization Chart
The name, place of incorporation, continuance or organization and percent of equity securities that we own or control as of July 29, 2024 for each of our subsidiaries is set out below.
Corporate Address
The current address, telephone number of our offices are:
U.S. Gold Corp.
1910 E. Idaho Street, Suite 102-Box 604
Elko, NV 89801
(800) 557-4550
We make available, free of charge, on or through our website, at https://www.usgoldcorp.gold, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our Current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), and other information. Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto are not intended to be, and are not, incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The SEC maintains an Internet website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Employees
As of April 30, 2024, we had 4 full-time employees and no part-time employees. In addition, we use consultants with specific skills to assist with various aspects of our project evaluation, due diligence, corporate governance and property management.
OUR MINERAL PROPERTIES AND PROJECTS
Property Map
For a map showing the more precise location of each property, see the individual property descriptions set forth below.
Summary of Current Mineral Properties
| Property | Stage of Property/Mine and mineralization types | Ownership, Mineral Rights, Leases or Options | Key permit conditions | Processing plants and other available facilities | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK Gold Project - Wyoming | Development stage, proposed open-pit mine producing a copper concentrate containing gold, copper and silver from porphyry-style mineralization. | 100% ownership - Two state of Wyoming Mineral Leases covering approximately 1,120 acres in Laramie County, Wyoming. State of Wyoming has certain royalty interests on mineral production. | Exploration permits, received. Submitted applications to the Wyoming Division of Environmental Quality (the “WDEQ”) for the permit to mine and industrial siting. (granted). The WDEQ – Land Division has accepted the Company’s reclamation bond and issued a water discharge permit to the Company. The remaining condition associate with the permit to mine is receipt of the air quality permit. The permit application is with the WDEQ – Air Quality Division. | No significant facilities. | Working on detailed engineering studies for feasibility study. |
| Keystone -Nevada | Gold exploration | 100% ownership - 601 unpatented lode mining claims comprising approximately 20 square miles in Eureka County, Nevada. | Exploration permits received. Reclamation bonding in place. Additional exploration permits may be necessary for additional exploration. | No significant facilities. | |
| Challis - Idaho | Gold exploration | 100% ownership - 77 unpatented lode mining claims in Lemhi County, Idaho covering approximately 1,710 acres. A royalty interest has been granted on the Challis property. | Preparing a revised plan of operations for further exploration. | No significant facilities. | |
| Maggie Creek -Nevada | Gold exploration | Having sold the project to Nevada Gold Mines Inc., we retain a potential Royalty position. | 0.5% NSR subject to NGM exercising their option on the property, with a buy option to reduce the royalty to 0.25% for $800,000. | No significant facilities. |
Summary of Previous Mineral Properties
| Property | Stage of Property/Mine and mineralization types | Ownership, Mineral Rights, Leases or Options | Key permit conditions | Processing plants and other available facilities | Other |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maggie Creek - Nevada | Gold exploration | We sold our rights to acquire the property to Nevada Gold Mines (“NGM”) in November 2022. Royalty potential of 0.5% if NGM exercises its option and acquires the Maggie Creek property. | Previous exploration permit and reclamation bond have been transferred to NGM. | No significant facilities. | Drilled two exploration holes in the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022. |
Quality Assurance/Quality Control (“QA/QC”) Protocol
We employ a rigorous QA/QC protocol on all aspects of sampling and analytical procedure. Drill core is checked, logged, marked for sampling and sawn in half. One-half of each drill core is maintained for future reference and the other half of each drill core is sent to ALS, an ISO 17025 accredited laboratory in Elko, Nevada to complete all sample preparation and assaying. Samples are analyzed by employing fire assaying with atomic absorption finish for gold, and four-acid ICP-MS analysis for silver and copper. For QA/QC protocol purposes, certified standards, blank samples and sample duplicates are inserted into the sample stream. We also periodically submit sample pulps to another independent laboratory for check analysis. With respect to the CK Gold Project, and as part of the examination and preparation of a Technical Report under Reg. S-K 1300 guidelines, QA/QC protocols have been independently checked. We retain core remnants, duplicates, pulps and rejects in one of several secured facilities.
CK Gold Project, Wyoming
The CK Gold Project consists of certain mining leases and other mineral rights located in the historic Silver Crown Mining District of southeast Wyoming.
Location and Access
The CK Gold Project is located in southeastern Wyoming, approximately 20 miles west of the city of Cheyenne, on the southeastern margin of the Laramie Range (Figure 1). The property covers about two square miles that include the S½ Section 25, NE¼ Section 35, and all of Section 36, T.14N., R.70W., Sixth Principal Meridian. Access to within an approximate 4.0 miles of the property is provided by public paved and maintained gravel roads. An agreement with the private landowner (The Ferguson Ranch Inc. (“Ferguson Ranch”)) provides access for the remaining distance to the main project area. The surface of S½ Section 25, NE¼ Section 35 is privately owned by the Ferguson Ranch. An easement agreement providing access for exploration and potential development activities has been negotiated with an adjacent landowner. The fee for this easement is $10,000 per year, renewable each year prior to July 11. The surface of Section 36 is owned by the State of Wyoming and is currently leased to an adjacent landowner for grazing. Currently, the surface of Section 36 is leased for grazing by the Ferguson Ranch and part of the option to lease the lands necessary for project development and operation is compensation to the Ferguson Ranch for loss of grazing, as and when areas are impacted.
The project is entirely located on mineral rights owned and administered by the State of Wyoming. There are no federal lands within or adjoining the CK Gold Project’s land position. Curt Gowdy State Park lies northwest of the property, partially within Section 26. The state park’s southeastern boundary is approximately 1,000 feet northwest of the property and approximately 3,000 feet northwest of the mineralized area. The CK Gold Project’s property position consists of two State of Wyoming Metallic and Non- metallic Rocks and Minerals Mining Leases.
Through Gold King, the project has acquired two 35-acre parcels immediately adjacent to Section 36 in Section 35, on the western boundary of the project area. This 70-acre landholding provides a buffer to other occupied and unoccupied parcels to the west of the project area.
Figure 1 – CK Gold Project Location and Project Boundary
Rights to the CK Gold Project
Our rights to the CK Gold Project arise under two State of Wyoming mineral leases:
| 1) | State of Wyoming Mining Lease No. 0-40828 |
Township 14 North, Range 70 West, 6th P.M., Laramie County, Wyoming:
Section 36: All
| 2) | State of Wyoming Mining Lease No. 0-40858 |
Township 14 North, Range 70 West, 6th P.M., Laramie County, Wyoming:
Section 25: S/2
Section 35: NE/4
Ownership of the mineral rights remains in the possession of the State of Wyoming as conveyed to the State by the United States, evidenced by 1942 patents for Section 36, and 1989 Order confirming title to Section 25 and 35. The State of Wyoming issued Mineral Leases for the mineral rights to Wyoming Gold Mining Company, Inc. (“Wyoming Gold”) in 2013 and 2014. These leases were assigned to us on June 23, 2014.
Lease 0-40828 is a ten-year lease that was renewed within the past year and expires on February 1, 2033. Annual rental payments under this lease are $3.00 per acre. Lease 0-40858 is a ten-year lease that was renewed within the current year and expires on February 1, 2034. Annual rental payments under this lease are $3.00 per acre. Each lease is renewable for successive ten-year terms by submitting a renewal application fee and paying a nominal fee of $50. We anticipate continuing to renew each lease beyond their current expiration dates.
Effective April 6, 2023, the Board of Directors of the Office of State Lands and Investments (“OSLI”) approved the recommendation from the staff of the OSLI fixing the production royalty rate at a flat 2.1% of net receipts received by us once the project is in operation. Additionally, once the project is in operation, the Board of Directors of the OSLI has the authority to reduce the royalty payable to the State. Additionally, original lease restrictions limiting operations on the lease areas, deemed critical mule deer habitat, were lifted by OSLI after the company came to an arrangement with The Wyoming Department of Game and Fish (“Game and Fish”) to make a compensatory payment to Game and Fish to support habitat and conservation measures. The agreed amount to be paid by the Company to Game and Fish once development and operational impact occur amount to $300,000.
Infrastructure
Given the project’s proximity to Cheyenne, the state capital of Wyoming and the Front Range metropolitan area, personnel needs, delivery of consumables, and infrastructure needs are available both locally and regionally. The area has access to both BNSF and Union Pacific railroad lines, intersection of 2 major interstate highways, I-80 and I-25, and a regional airport.
High voltage powerlines are approximately 2.4 km (1.5 mi) from the current project area. A connection to the local power provider and easement for transmission lines has been identified and scoped. While there is a nearby line serving the local population, we anticipate that a new line to the project site, catering to approximately a 30-Megawatt load will be constructed and talks have been conducted with the local power provider (Black Hills Energy), the designated provider for the area. Indicative rates including the installation of approximately 16-miles of line from a nearby sub-station have been received and incorporated into project engineering studies.
In February 2023, we entered into a Water Development and Purchase Agreement (“Water Agreement”) with the Board of Public Utilities (the “BOPU”) of the City of Cheyenne. Under this Water Agreement, BOPU will provide a firm supply of up to 600 gallons per minute for the life of the project. It is anticipated that the water to be supplied under this Water Agreement will come from the Lone Tree well field owned by BOPU. A pipeline from the Lone Tree well field to the project will be required to be constructed. Minor water sources have been identified around the project site from monitoring well locations, and additional deeper well sites will be investigated in upcoming fields seasons with a view to securing an independent water supply.
Permitting
Mine Operating Permit and Closure Plan (“MOP”)
In September 2022, we filed our mine operation and reclamation plan (“MOP”) with the WDEQ – Land Division (the “WDEQ”). In November 2022, we received notification from WDEQ that our MOP was deemed complete and that it was under technical review. In April 2023, we received a first round of technical comments and worked with the WDEQ to fully respond to their initial review. In May 2024, WDEQ issued us a letter of approval for the MOP. Per WDEQ’s letter of approval there were three conditions to the MOP: (1) acceptance of a reclamation bond, in the amount of $5,010,000; (2) receipt of a water discharge permit from WDEQ and (3) receipt of the WDEQ Air Quality Division permit. To date, the Company has received acceptance of the reclamation bond and obtained the water discharge permit. The Company expects to obtain the WDEQ Air Quality permit this calendar year.
Industrial Siting Permit (“ISP”)
In February 2023, we submitted our ISP with the Industrial Siting Division of the WDEQ. An ISP is required for all projects within the state of Wyoming when the projected capital costs are anticipated to exceed $253.9 million. This threshold includes costs we may incur as well as costs incurred from other parties. The ISP’s intent is to ascertain the regional impacts during construction and mine operation and release state funds to local governments to offset anticipated impacts. Subsequent to the permit submission, a hearing was held with the Industrial Siting Commission in May 2023 whereby our ISP was approved. In June 2023, we received official notification from the state of Wyoming that our ISP was granted.
History of Prior Operations and Exploration on the CK Gold Project
Limited exploration and mining were conducted on the CK Gold Project’s property in the late 1880s and early 1900s. Approximately 300 tons of material was reported to have been produced from a now inaccessible 160-foot-deep shaft with two levels of cross-cuts. A few small adits and prospect pits with no significant production are scattered throughout the property.
Since 1938, at least nine historic (pre-Strathmore Minerals Corp.) drilling campaigns by at least seven companies plus the U.S. Bureau of Mines have been conducted at CK Gold Project’s property, previously referred to as Copper King. The current project database contains 91 drill holes totaling 37,500 feet that were drilled before Wyoming Gold acquired the property. All but six of the drill holes are within the current resource area. Other work conducted at the CK Gold Project’s property by previous companies has included ground and aeromagnetic surveys as well as induced polarization surveys along with geochemical sampling, geologic mapping, and a number of metallurgical studies.
Wyoming Gold conducted an exploration drill program in 2007 and 2008. Thirty-five diamond core drill holes were completed for a total of 25,500 feet. The focus of that work was to confirm and potentially expand the mineralized body outlined in the previous drill campaigns, increase the geologic and geochemical database leading to the creation of the current geologic model and mineralization estimate, and to provide material for further metallurgical testing. The CK Gold Project’s historic assay database for some 120 holes contains 8,357 gold assays and 8,225 copper assays. At least 10 different organizations or individuals conducted metallurgical studies on the gold-copper mineralization at the request of prior operators between 1973 and 2009.
The CK Gold Project is underlain by Proterozoic rocks that make up the southern end of the Precambrian core of the Laramie Range. Metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of amphibolite-grade metamorphism are intruded by the 1.4-billion-year-old Sherman Granite and related felsic rocks. Within the project area, foliated granodiorite is intruded by aplitic quartz monzonite dikes, thin mafic dikes and younger pegmatite dikes. Shear zones with cataclastic foliation striking N60°E to N60°W are found in the southern part of the Silver Crown district, including at CK Gold. The granodiorite typically shows potassium enrichment, particularly near contacts with quartz monzonite. Copper and gold mineralization occur primarily in unfoliated to mylonitic granodiorite. The mineralization is associated with a N60°W-trending shear zone and disseminated and stockwork gold-copper deposits in the intrusive rocks. The mineralization style is consistent with a porphyry gold-copper deposit of Paleoproterozoic age. Hydrothermal alteration is overprinted on retrograde greenschist alteration and includes a central zone of silicification, followed outward by a narrow potassic zone, surrounded by propylitic alteration. Higher-grade mineralization occurs within a central core of thin quartz veining and stockwork mineralization that is surrounded by a ring of lower-grade disseminated mineralization. Disseminated sulfides and native copper with stockwork malachite and chrysocolla are present at the surface, and chalcopyrite, pyrite, minor bornite, primary chalcocite, pyrrhotite, and native copper are present at depth. Gold occurs as free gold and within chalcopyrite crystals.
The CK Gold Project’s property contains oxide, mixed oxide-sulfide, and sulfide rock types. At the stated cutoff grade of 0.015oz AuEq/ton, approximately 80% of the resource is sulfide material with the remaining 20% split evenly between the oxide and mixed rock types. There is consistent distribution of gold and copper, albeit generally low-grade, throughout this potential open-pit type deposit.
Mineral Reserves and Mineral Resources
Mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates were calculated by Gustavson Associates LLC (now WSP USA, Inc.) through the effective date of November 15, 2021 as shown in the Technical Report Summary attached to this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The mineral reserve and mineral resource tabulations shown below are based on assumed metals prices of $1,625/oz gold, $3.25/lb copper and $18.00/oz silver. These metals price assumptions are comprised of long-term metals forecasting (33%) and the two-year trailing average (67%). Based on the actual prices of these metals at the end of our fiscal year ($1,911/oz gold, $4.45/lb copper and $23.45/oz silver), based on the respective London Metal Exchange, we believe that the price assumptions used in preparing our mineral reserve and mineral resource estimates at November 15, 2021 remain reasonable and, therefore, we believe the estimates prepared by Gustavson Associates LLC remain a reasonable estimate of our mineral resources and mineral reserves at April 30, 2024.
CK Gold Project – Summary of Gold, Copper and Silver Mineral Resources at April 30, 2024 based on $1,625/oz gold, $3.25/lb copper and $18.00/oz silver
| Mass · Gold (Au) · Copper (Cu) · Silver (Ag) · Au Equivalent (AuEq) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tons (000’s) | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | lbs (millions) | % | Oz (000’s) | oz/st | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | |
| Measured (M) | 1,000 | 6 | 0.019 | 2 | 0.196 | 100 | 0.05 | 2 | 0.024 |
| Indicated (I) | 10,500 | 94 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.15 | 450 | 0.03 | 138 | 0.016 |
| M + I | 11,500 | 100 | 0.014 | 32 | 0.16 | 550 | 0.039 | 140 | 0.018 |
| Inferred | 22,500 | 235 | 0.01 | 68.3 | 0.152 | 323 | 0.014 | 357 | 0.016 |
(1) Resources tabulated at a cutoff grade of (0.0107 – 0.0088) AuEq oz/st, 0.009 AuEq oz/st average
(3) Estimates of mineral resources are exclusive of mineral reserves
CK Gold Project – Summary of Gold, Copper and Silver Mineral Reserves at April 30, 2024 based on $1,625/oz gold, $3.25/lb copper and $18.00/oz silver
| Mass · Gold (Au) · Copper (Cu) · Silver (Ag) · Au Equivalent (AuEq) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tons (000’s) | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | lbs (millions) | % | Oz (000’s) | oz/st | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | |
| Proven (P1) | 29,600 | 574 | 0.019 | 118 | 0.198 | 1,440 | 0.049 | 757 | 0.026 |
| Probable (P2) | 40,700 | 440 | 0.011 | 130 | 0.16 | 1,220 | 0.03 | 679 | 0.017 |
| P1 + P2 | 70,400 | 1,010 | 0.014 | 248 | 0.176 | 2,660 | 0.038 | 1,440 | 0.02 |
(1) Reserves tabulated at a cutoff grade of (0.0107 – 0.0088) AuEq oz./st, 0.009 AuEq Oz/st average
For comparison, below are our mineral resources and mineral reserves at April 30, 2023:
CK Gold Project – Summary of Gold, Copper and Silver Mineral Resources at April 30, 2023 based on $1,625/oz gold, $3.25/lb copper and $18.00/oz silver
| Mass · Gold (Au) · Copper (Cu) · Silver (Ag) · Au Equivalent (AuEq) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tons (000’s) | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | lbs (millions) | % | Oz (000’s) | oz/st | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | |
| Measured (M) | 1,000 | 6 | 0.019 | 2 | 0.196 | 100 | 0.05 | 2 | 0.024 |
| Indicated (I) | 10,500 | 94 | 0.01 | 30 | 0.15 | 450 | 0.03 | 138 | 0.016 |
| M + I | 11,500 | 100 | 0.014 | 32 | 0.16 | 550 | 0.039 | 140 | 0.018 |
| Inferred | 22,500 | 235 | 0.01 | 68.3 | 0.152 | 323 | 0.014 | 357 | 0.016 |
(1) Resources tabulated at a cutoff grade of (0.0107 – 0.0088) AuEq oz/st, 0.009 AuEq oz/st average
(3) Estimates of mineral resources are exclusive of mineral reserves
CK Gold Project – Summary of Gold, Copper and Silver Mineral Reserves at April 30, 2023 based on $1,625/oz gold, $3.25/lb copper and $18.00/oz silver
| Mass · Gold (Au) · Copper (Cu) · Silver (Ag) · Au Equivalent (AuEq) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tons (000’s) | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | lbs (millions) | % | Oz (000’s) | oz/st | Oz (000’s) | oz/ st | |
| Proven (P1) | 29,600 | 574 | 0.019 | 118 | 0.198 | 1,440 | 0.049 | 757 | 0.026 |
| Probable (P2) | 40,700 | 440 | 0.011 | 130 | 0.16 | 1,220 | 0.03 | 679 | 0.017 |
| P1 + P2 | 70,400 | 1,010 | 0.014 | 248 | 0.176 | 2,660 | 0.038 | 1,440 | 0.02 |
(1) Reserves tabulated at a cutoff grade of (0.0107 – 0.0088) AuEq oz./st, 0.009 AuEq Oz/st average
Mineral resources are reported at a gold equivalent grade (AuEq) cutoff grade, which considers metal recovery and pricing Cutoff grade varies with expected recovery for delineated material types, but averages 0.009 short ton (oz/st) AuEq, equivalent to 0.31 grams per metric tonne (g/t) AuEq. Gold equivalent grade (Au/Eq) is used to simplify cutoff grade to a single equivalent metal (gold). The mineral resource is constrained inside an optimization shell which, combined with the cutoff grade, represents reasonable prospects for economic extraction. The mineral reserve estimate lies inside of a designed mine open pit. See Section 12.1 in the Technical Report Summary incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K for a discussion of pit optimization, cutoff grade and dilution.
Prefeasibility Study (“PFS”)
On December 1, 2021, we released the results of our prefeasibility study (“PFS”). The PFS was prepared by Gustavson Associates LLC with an effective date of November 15, 2021.
The following are highlights from the PFS:
| ● | 10-year Mine Life at 20,000 short tons per day process rate | |
| ○ | Average AuEq production: 108,500 ounces per year | |
| ○ | First three years: 135,300 AuEq ounces per year | |
| ● | Initial Capital: $221 million | |
| ○ | Potential attractive financing terms from equipment suppliers and development capital sources | |
| ○ | 2-year payback | |
| ● | Economics – 39.4% IRR before tax and 33.7% IRR after tax | |
| ○ | NPV (5%): $323 million and $266 million, before and after tax, respectively | |
| ○ | All in Sustaining Cost (“AISC”) at $800 per AuEq ounce | |
| ○ | Assumes $1,625/ounce gold price and $3.25/lb copper price | |
| ○ | Highly leveraged to increasing metals prices | |
| ● | Upside Potential | |
| ○ | Aggregate sales from mine waste rock, proven to be excellent quality | |
| ○ | Feasibility study level value engineering and plant optimization | |
| ○ | Ongoing metallurgical testing to enhance recovery of gold and copper | |
| ○ | Resource expansion potential at depth and to the south-east | |
| ● | Permitting and Development | |
| ○ | Project footprint under the jurisdiction of Wyoming agencies |
The economic projections in the PFS are subject to a variety of assumptions and qualifications that are described in more detail in the Technical Report Summary incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K. In summary, the low-grade copper, silver and gold deposit located on Wyoming State Land and under lease to US Gold Corp, is proposed as an open pit mine. The rate of extraction will be sufficient to feed minerals to the process plant at a rate of 20,000 tons per day, involving the removal of surrounding waste material at a similar rate. The process plant serves to crush and grind the ore into a fine particle form in a slurry, whereupon the copper, silver and gold values can be separated from non-mineralized rock into a concentrate using froth flotation. The concentrate will be dried and shipped off site and sold to a smelter for final metal extraction. The waste material will be filtered to recoup and recycle water back to the process plant, and the filtered tailings will be trucked and mechanically stacked onto a tailings pile. The process facility is also on the same Wyoming State section less than a mile away from the mineralized orebody, with the entire operation some 20-miles west of Cheyenne. The metallurgical test work supporting the extraction methodology was initially performed by a previous owner between 2009 and 2012, but the company has gathered additional representative sample and conducted further extensive test work between 2020 and 2023. The results of the test work were incorporated into the prefeasibility study published on December 1, 2021. We expect to update the prefeasibility study by the end of the third quarter of 2024 and finalize the feasibility study sometime thereafter.
We expense all mineral exploration costs as incurred. Although we have identified proven and probable mineral reserves on our CK Gold Project, development costs will be capitalized when all the following criteria have been met, (a) we receive the requisite operating permits, (b) completion of a favorable Feasibility Study and (c) approval from our Board of Directors (our “Board”) authorizing the development of the ore body. Until such time all these criteria have been met, we record pre-development costs to expense as incurred. The current book value of our property is approximately $3.1 million, which is recorded in mineral properties and reflects the value that was attributed to the purchase of the CK Gold Project. We do not have any costs on our balance sheet related to plant or equipment as we have not incurred any such costs.
Recent Activities
We submitted both of our major permit applications during the year-ended April 30, 2023, the MOP and Industrial Siting Permit (the “ISP”). We were granted our ISP in June 2023 providing local governments the ability to receive state funds to mitigate impacts from the anticipated construction and operation of our CK Gold Project. In May 2024, we received approval of the MOP subject to three conditions (reclamation bond approval, water discharge permit and air quality permit). Two of the three conditions have been met (reclamation bond approval and water discharge permit) and we expect to meet the third condition (air quality permit) in calendar 2024.
Primarily in support of the feasibility study presently underway, during the 2021 field season, 47 core, reverse circulation rotary and conventional rotary holes were drilled at the CK Gold Project. The primary purpose of the drilling program is to supplement the geotechnical and hydrological information.
Additional work centered around the capture and interpretation of environmental base line data encompassing sub-surface and surface water, fauna, flora, cultural, air quality, meteorological conditions, wetlands and socio-economic factors in the project area. Since September 2020, over 3 1/2 years of monitoring data have been gathered and ongoing monitoring in critical areas continues.
Additionally, a great deal of social outreach has been conducted to familiarize the immediate population and the Wyoming, Cheyenne and Laramie governmental and regulatory agencies.
Geological Potential of the CK Gold Project
Potential to expand the existing resource exists primarily at depth beyond current drilling depths and to the south of the proposed pit. Numerous drill holes end in significant mineralization. A geophysical anomaly to the southeast supports the trend extending from the proposed open pit as identified by step-out drilling from the current reserve boundary; however, to date exploration has not pinpointed mineralization that might be associated with the anomaly further to the southeast in what is thought to be fairly complex geologic conditions.
Keystone Project, Cortez Trend, Nevada
Location
The Keystone Project consists of 601 unpatented lode mining claims situated in Eureka County, Nevada. The claims making up the Keystone Project are situated in Eureka County, Nevada in Sections 2-4 and 9-11, Township 23 North, Range 48 East, and Sections 22- 28, and 33-36 Township 24 North, all Range 48 East of the Mount Diablo Meridian (Figures 2 and 3).
Figure 2 – Location of Keystone Project and Major Gold Trends in Nevada
Figure 3 – Keystone Project Claim Boundaries
The Keystone Project is accessible via unpaved roads. Navigation through the interior of the project is by off-road vehicle on exploration tracks.
Title and Ownership for Keystone Project
The Keystone Project consists of unpatented mining claims located on federal land administered by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (“BLM”). An annual maintenance fee of $200 per claim per year must be paid to the Nevada BLM by September 1 of each year, and failure to make the payment on time renders the claims void. In addition to the annual maintenance fee paid to the Nevada BLM, a $12 per claim fee is due to the Eureka County (NV) Clerk’s office as a record fee.
We acquired the mining claims comprising the Keystone Project on May 27, 2016 from Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC and Americas Gold Exploration, Inc. (“Americas Gold”). Some of the Keystone claims are subject to pre-existing net smelter royalty (“NSR”) obligations. In addition, Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC retained additional NSR rights of 0.5% with regard to certain claims and 3.5% with regard to certain other claims. The unpatented mining claims comprising the Keystone Project, with applicable NSR obligations, are as follows:
| 1. | Acquired 100% from Americas Gold; subject to a one percent (1%) NSR held by Wolfpack Gold Nevada Corp.; a two percent (2.0%) NSR with respect to precious metals and one percent (1.0%) NSR with respect to all other metals and minerals held by Orion Royalty Company, LLC; and a one-half percent (0.5%) NSR to Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC |
27 unpatented lode mining claims situated in Eureka County, Nevada, in Sections 33 and 34, Township 24 North, Range 48 East, and Sections 3, 4, 9, and 10, Township 23 North, Range 48 East, Mount Diablo Base Line and Meridian.
| 2. | Acquired 100% from Americas Gold; subject to a three and one-half percent (3.5%) NSR to Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC |
13 unpatented lode mining claims situated in Eureka County, Nevada, in Sections 27, 28 and 35, Township 24 North, Range 48 East, and Sections 2 and 3, Township 23 North, Range 48 East, Mount Diablo Base Line and Meridian.
| 3. | Acquired 100% from Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC; subject to a three and one-half percent (3.5%) NSR to Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC |
28 unpatented lode mining claims situated in Eureka County, Nevada, in Sections 2 & 11, Township 23 North, Range 48 East, Mount Diablo Base Line and Meridian.
| 4. | Acquired 50% from Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC, 50% from Americas Gold, subject to a three and one-half percent (3.5%) NSR to Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC |
216 unpatented lode mining claims, alphabetically ordered, situated in Eureka County, Nevada, in Sections 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 33, 34, 35 & 36, Township 24 North, Range 48 East, Mount Diablo Base Line and Meridian.
Under the terms of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated May 25, 2016, under which we acquired the claims, we had the right to buy down 1% of the NSR owed to Nevada Gold Ventures LLC at any time through the fifth anniversary of the closing date, May 25, 2021, for $2,000,000. In addition, we may buy down an additional 1% of the NSR owed to Nevada Gold Ventures, LLC anytime through the eighth anniversary of the closing date, May 25, 2024, for $5,000,000. We did not buy down any portion of the NSR.
History of Prior Operations and Exploration on the Keystone Project
No comprehensive, modern-era, model-driven exploration has ever been conducted on the Keystone Project. Newmont drilled 6 holes in the old base metal and silver Keystone mine area in 1967 and encountered low-grade (+/- 0.02 opt) gold intercepts. Chevron staked the property in 1981-1983 and drilled 27 shallow drill holes, continued by an agreement with USMX that drilled an additional 19 shallow holes; significant amounts of low grade and anomalous gold were intersected, but results were considered uneconomic, and the project was dropped. In 1988 and 1989, Phelps Dodge acquired a southern portion of the district and drilled 6 holes, one of which contained gold mineralization in its total depth and was subsequently deepened in 1990 resulting in over 200’ of low-grade gold mineralization. About this time Coral Resources acquired a northern portion of the property and drilled 21 shallow holes to follow-up previous drill intercepts. 1995-1997, Golden Glacier, a junior company, acquired the north end of the district, and Uranerz a portion of the southern area; 6 holes were drilled in the north and only 2 holes in the south, respectively. The entire district was dropped by all parties.
In 2004, with the discovery of Cortez Hills and escalating gold prices, Nevada Pacific Gold, Great American Minerals (Don McDowell), and Tone Resources (Dave Mathewson) competed in claim staking the entire district. Subsequently, Don McDowell, founder of Great American Minerals approached Placer Dome (prior to Barrick acquisition) who discovered Pipeline and Cortez Hills, and who correctly recognized the Keystone district potential. Placer Dome entered into separate joint venture agreements with Nevada Pacific and Great American. The following year Barrick Gold bought Placer Dome and dropped all Placer Dome’s Nevada exploration projects and joint ventures, including Keystone. In 2006, Nevada Pacific and Tone were purchased by McEwen Mining. McEwen Mining drilled 35 holes mostly near the north end of the district; targeting the range front pediment and the historic Keystone Mine. McEwen Mining dropped their Keystone claims and quit claimed them to Dave Mathewson and NV Gold Ventures. NV Gold Ventures and American Gold staked their own additional claims in the district. This expanded group of claims was acquired in the original Keystone Purchase Agreement. We have staked additional claims in the district, such as Potato Canyon, since acquiring the project.
To date, a technical report has not been prepared on the Keystone Project. Keystone is positioned on the prolific Cortez gold trend. The Keystone Project is centered on a granitic intrusion that warped the local Paleozoic stratigraphy into a dome, allowing for exposure of highly favorable Devonian, Carboniferous (Mississippian-Pennsylvania) and Permo- Triassic rocks including key likely host rocks for mineralization, the silty carbonate strata of the Horse Creek Formation and the Wenban limestone, as well as possible sandy clastic units of the Diamond Peak Formation. The Horse Canyon and Wenban rocks are the primary host rocks at the nearby Cortez Hills Mine and Gold Rush deposit currently operated by Barrick Gold.
In 2022, a hyperspectral survey was conducted on the property identifying evidence of potential mineralization. Numerous anomalies often associated with mineralization were identified. Field investigation of the anomalies commenced during the 2023 field season. In September 2023, we announced completion of a hyperspectral study, which yielded the discovery of multiple high priority targets requiring further investigation and adding to the targets identified from the Company’s prior work at the project.
Infrastructure and Facilities
The Keystone Project does not currently include any significant facilities. The Keystone Project sits some 10 miles to the southwest of Nevada Gold mines Cortez Complex. The Cortez Complex, consisting of surface and underground mines, is served by roads and power, while water in the area is extracted from sub-surface water resources. The Keystone Project is served by paved and unpaved roads, which extend down trend from the Cortez Complex to the north and additional road and infrastructure to the north-east. The whole area is some 30 miles to the south of the I-80 interstate corridor between the towns of Battle Mountain and Winnemucca, with Elko, Nevada being the dormitory town for the majority of the workforce and support services.
The Challis Gold Project, Idaho
Location
The Challis Gold property is situated in the Salmon River Mountains, approximately 40 km (25 mi) southwest of the town of Salmon, Idaho, and 69 km (43 mi) north of the smaller town of Challis (Figure 7). The project area is considered to be within the Cobalt Mining District, as the past-producing Blackbird Cobalt Mine is located 9.3 km (5.75 mi) north-northwest of the property. The nearly-abandoned town of Cobalt, a previous company town for the Blackbird Mine, is along Panther Creek 9.7 km (6 mi) northeast of the property. Meridian Gold’s Beartrack Mine, the closest of the larger gold mines in the region, is 24 km (15 mi) northeast of the Challis Gold Project. The central portion of the property is located at approximately 45º 2’ North Latitude and 114º 20’ West Longitude. The claims are situated in the south-central portion of unsurveyed Township T20N, R18E.
-Figure 7: The Challis Gold Project Location in Idaho
Title and Ownership for Challis Gold Project
All of the mining claims comprising the Musgrove property are unpatented lode mining claims that have been recorded in the Lemhi County Court House in Salmon, Idaho and filed with the US BLM office in Boise. An annual maintenance fee of $200 per claim per year must be paid to the BLM by September 1 of each year, and failure to make the payment on time renders the claims void. In addition to the annual maintenance fee, $20 is due to the Lemhi County (ID) Recorder’s office as a notice of intent to hold fee.
History of Prior Operations and Exploration
Early mining dates to the late 1880’s when gold was discovered at the nearby Yellow Jacket Mine and copper and cobalt was discovered north of the project area at the Blackbird Mine. Small scale intermittent mining was conducted in the project area from 1908 through the 1930’s at the Musgrove Mine and at the Smith-Gahan Mine.
In the mid-1980’s, alteration and quartz veining was identified located along the ridge north of Musgrove Creek A large block of claims covering the area was staked by an independent geologist and then leased to Atlas Minerals. Atlas completed an extensive sampling program and, in 1991, drilled nine reverse circulation holes resulting in the discovery of significant mineralization at the Johny’s Point deposit.
The project was acquired by Newmont in 1992 as part of the Grassy Mountain Deposit acquisition. Newmont conducted an extensive exploration program between 1992 and the fall of 1995 consisting of mapping and rock chip sampling. Twenty-seven core holes were completed consisting of nine holes in the Johny’s Point area and 18 holes testing targets along strike from Johny’s Point. Newmont concluded that the project did not meet the potential for their size criteria and the project was dropped.
In 1996, Meridian Gold acquired the property and drilled an additional 20 core holes and three reverse circulation drill holes. The property was subsequently returned to the owner due to declining gold prices.
In 2003, Wave Exploration leased the property and completed a GIS compilation of the surface and drill hole data. Wave subsequently commissioned a technical report. In 2004, Wave drilled two confirmation drill holes and two step out holes and completed a soil geochemical program northwest of Johny’s Point.
In 2005, Wave optioned the property to Journey Resources. In 2006 and 2007, Journey drilled nine reverse circulation drill holes and five core holes northwest of Johny’s Point.
There is no documented exploration activity from 2008 until 2018. On September 1, 2018, Journey Resources failed to pay the required claim payments to the Bureau of Land Management and the claims were forfeited. Subsequently, Northern Panther Resources Corporation located or acquired new claims covering the project. In 2020, we acquired Northern Panther Resources. In 2020, we contracted with Wright Geophysics to conduct a ground magnetic geophysical over the current claim block. This survey identified a prominent low magnetic linear feature that trends from the Musgrove Mine north-northwest for over two miles.
The project is located within the Trans-Challis Fault System, a prominent NE-trending fault zone which crosscuts central Idaho and hosts numerous gold deposits. Host rocks consist of quartzites and phyllites of the Precambrian Apple Creek Fm with minor mineralization within the Eocene Challis Volcanics. The Musgrove Mine – Johny’s Point mineral trend is within and adjacent to the Musgrove Fault, a northwest-trending fault that brings the Challis Volcanics into contact with the Precambrian rocks. This is a major structural zone that forms the northern edge of the Panther Creek Graben.
Gold mineralization occurs within epithermal quartz veins, quartz vein stockworks, and silicified breccia. The mineralization displays the characteristics of a low sulfidation epithermal gold system. The Musgrove Mine – Johny’s Point mineral trend has been defined by a broad soil and rock chip gold and arsenic anomaly that extends a distance 3000 feet and is up to 800 feet wide. Approximately 600 feet of this zone has been drilled with the remainder tested by wide spaced drilling.
Infrastructure and Facilities
The Challis Gold project does not currently include any significant facilities. The Challis property is located in the Salmon-Challis National Forest and served by paved and unpaved roads. There are historic workings in the area and there has been recent mining activity in the area. The site is somewhat remote from grid power and power lines would have to be extended into the area, or onsite power generation used to support an eventual operation. There is water in the area from both surface and sub-surface sources. The Bear Track operation, now closed but under renewed exploration, is some 16 miles as the crow flies to the northeast of the property. Historic mining was conducted; however, the facilities have been abandoned decades ago and the nearest habited area is a forest ranger station near Forney some 5-miles from site.
Competition
We do not compete directly with anyone for the exploration or removal of minerals from our property as we hold all interest and rights to the claims. Readily available commodities markets exist in the U.S. and around the world for the sale of minerals. Therefore, we will likely be able to sell minerals that we are able to recover. We will be subject to competition and unforeseen limited sources of supplies in the industry in the event spot shortages arise for supplies such as explosives or large equipment tires, and certain equipment such as bulldozers and excavators and services, such as contract drilling that we will need to conduct exploration. If we are unsuccessful in securing the products, equipment and services we need, we may have to suspend our exploration plans until we are able to secure them.
Compliance with Government Regulation
We will be required to comply with all regulations, rules and directives of governmental authorities and agencies applicable to the exploration of minerals in the United States generally. We will also be subject to the regulations of the BLM and the US Forest Service (“Forest Service”) with respect to mining claims on federal lands.
Future exploration drilling on any of our properties that consist of BLM or Forest Service land will require us to either file a Notice of Intent (NOI) or a Plan of Operations, depending upon the amount of new surface disturbance that is planned. A Notice of Intent is required for planned surface activities that anticipate less than 5.0 acres of surface disturbance, and usually can be obtained within a 30 to 60-day time period.
Environmental Permitting Requirements
Various levels of governmental controls and regulations address, among other things, the environmental impact of mineral mining and exploration operations and establish requirements for reclamation of mineral mining and exploration properties after exploration operations have ceased. With respect to the regulation of mineral mining and exploration, legislation and regulations in various jurisdictions establish performance standards, air and water quality emission limits and other design or operational requirements for various aspects of the operations, including health and safety standards. Legislation and regulations also establish requirements for reclamation and rehabilitation of mining properties following the cessation of operations and may require that some former mining properties be managed for long periods of time after mining activities have ceased.
Our activities are subject to various levels of federal and state laws and regulations relating to protection of the environment, including requirements for closure and reclamation of mineral exploration properties. Some of the laws and regulations include the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act, the Endangered Species Act, the Federal Land Policy and Management Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, and related state laws in Nevada. Additionally, much of our property is subject to the federal General Mining Law of 1872, which regulates how mining claims on federal lands are located and maintained.
The State of Nevada, where we focus mineral exploration efforts, requires mining projects to obtain a Nevada State Reclamation Permit pursuant to the Mined Land Reclamation Act (the “Nevada MLR Act”), which establishes reclamation and financial assurance requirements for all mining operations in the state. New and expanding facilities are required to provide a reclamation plan and financial assurance to ensure that the reclamation plan is implemented upon completion of operations. The Nevada MLR Act also requires reclamation plans and permits for exploration projects that will result in more than five acres of surface disturbance on private lands.
The State of Wyoming, where we focus mineral exploration and development efforts at the CK Gold Project, requires exploration and mining projects to obtain permits from the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality (WDEQ), and various other state agencies. New and expanding facilities are required to provide a reclamation plan and financial assurance to ensure that the reclamation plan is implemented upon completion of operations. WDEQ in granting permits requires that reclamation plans and permits are in place and that bonds have been secured covering the cost of remediation of disturbances on both state and private land.
Executive Officers of U.S. Gold Corp.
| Name | Age | Principal Occupation | Officer/ Director Since |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eric Alexander | 57 | Chief Financial Officer - Principal Financial and Accounting Officer | 2020 |
| of U.S. Gold Corp. | |||
| George M. Bee | 66 | Chief Executive Officer, President and Director of U.S. Gold Corp. | 2020 |
| Kevin Francis | 64 | Vice President – Exploration and Technical Services | 2021 |
Eric Alexanderis our Chief Financial Officer and Secretary and has been with us since September 2020. He has over 30 years of corporate, operational and business experience, and over 15 years of mining industry experience. Previously he served as Corporate Controller of Helix Technologies, Inc., a publicly traded software and technology company from April 2019 to September 2020. Prior to that, he served as the Vice President Finance and Controller of Pershing Gold Corporation, a mining company (formerly NASDAQ: PGLC), from September 2012 until April 2019. Prior to that, Mr. Alexander was the Corporate Controller for Sunshine Silver Mines Corporation, a privately held mining company with exploration and pre-development properties in Idaho and Mexico, from March 2011 to August 2012. He was a consultant to Hein & Associates LLP from August 2012 to September 2012 and a Manager with Hein & Associates LLP from July 2010 to March 2011. He served from July 2007 to May 2010 as the Corporate Controller for Golden Minerals Company (and its predecessor, Apex Silver Mines Limited), a publicly traded mining company with operations and exploration activities in South America and Mexico. In addition to his direct experience in the mining industry, he has also held the position of Senior Manager with the public accounting firm KPMG LLP, focusing on mining and energy clients. Mr. Alexander has a B.S. in Business Administration (concentrations in Accounting and Finance) from the State University of New York at Buffalo and is also a licensed CPA.
George M. Beehas been serving as a member of our Board since November 2020 and our Executive Chairman from March 2021 to May 2022. He was appointed as our President in August 2020 and become Chief Executive Officer in November 2020. Mr. Bee is a senior mining industry executive, with deep mine development and operational experience. He has an extensive career advancing world-class gold mining projects in eight countries on three continents for both major and junior mining companies. In 2018, Mr. Bee concluded a third term with Barrick Gold Corporation (“Barrick Gold”) (NYSE: GOLD) as Senior VP Frontera District in Chile and Argentina working to advance Pascua Lama feasibility as an underground mine. This capped a 16-year tenure at Barrick Gold, where he served in multiple senior-level positions, including Mine Manager at Goldstrike during early development and operations, Operations Manager at Pierina Mine taking Pierina from construction to operations, and General Manager of Veladero developing the project from advanced exploration through permitting, feasibility and into production. Previously, Mr. Bee held positions as CEO and Director of Jaguar Mining Inc. between March 2014 and December 2015, President and CEO of Andina Minerals Inc. from February 2009 until January 2013 and Chief Operating Officer for Aurelian Resources, Inc. from 2007 to 2009. As Chief Operating Officer of Aurelian Resources in 2007, he was in charge of project development for Fruta del Norte in Ecuador until Aurelian was acquired by Kinross Gold in 2008. Mr. Bee has served on the board of directors of Stillwater Mining Company, Sandspring Resources Ltd., Jaguar Mining, Peregrine Metals Ltd. and Minera IRL. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from the Camborne School of Mines in Cornwall, United Kingdom. He also holds ICD.D designation from the Institute of Corporate Directors.
Kevin Francisis our Vice President - Exploration and Technical Services and has been with us since July 2021. Mr. Francis has held many senior roles within the mining industry, including VP of Project Development for Aurcana Corporation, VP of Technical Services for Oracle Mining Corporation, VP of Resources for NovaGold Resources and Principal Geologist for AMEC Mining and Metals. Most recently, he consulted to U.S. Gold Corp. as Principal of Mineral Resource Management LLC, a consultancy providing technical leadership to the mining industry, as well as through his association with Gustavson Associates LLC (a member of WSP Global Inc.) since September 2020. Mr. Francis is a “qualified person” as defined by SEC S-K 1300 and Canadian NI 43-101 reporting standards and holds both an M.S. degree and a B.A. in geology from the University of Colorado.
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.