Polar Power Inc

CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

Three months Ended March 31, 2023

UNAUDITED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED MARCH 31, 2024 AND 2023

(In thousands, except for share and per share data and where otherwise noted)

(UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1 –ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The Company

Polar Power, Inc. was incorporated in the State of Washington as Polar Products, Inc. and in 1991 reincorporated in the State of California under the name Polar Power, Inc. In December 2016, Polar Power, Inc. reincorporated in the State of Delaware (the “Company”, “we” or “us”). The Company designs, manufactures and sells direct current, or DC, power systems to supply reliable and low-cost energy to off-grid, bad-grid and backup power, electric vehicle (“EV”) charging, and nano-grid applications. The Company’s products integrate DC generator, proprietary electronic control systems, lithium batteries and solar photovoltaic (“PV”) technologies to provide low operating cost and emissions for telecommunications, defense, automotive, nano-grid, EV charging and industrial markets.

Going concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that the Company will continue as a going concern. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recorded a net loss of $2,142 and used cash in operations of $989. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. In addition, our independent registered public accounting firm, in its audit report to the financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, expressed substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments related to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had a cash balance of $212, with borrowing capacity of $216, stockholders’ equity of $11,047, and working capital of $9,668. The long-term continuation of the Company’s business plan is dependent upon the generation of sufficient revenues from its products to offset expenses. In the event that the Company does not generate sufficient cash flows from operations and is unable to obtain funding, the Company will be forced to delay, reduce, or eliminate some or all of its discretionary spending, which could adversely affect the Company’s business prospects, ability to meet long-term liquidity needs or ability to continue operations.

Impact of inflation

• *The continuing impact of the higher inflation, the actions by the Federal Reserve to address inflation, most notably sustained increases in interest rates, and rising energy prices create uncertainty about the future economic environment which will continue to evolve and, we believe, has impacted the Company’s business in 2023 and may continue to impact business in 2024. The implications of higher government deficits and debt, tighter monetary policy, and potentially higher long-term interest rates may drive a higher cost of capital for the business and an increase in the Company’s operating expenses.

Basis of Presentation of Unaudited Financial Information

The unaudited condensed financial statements of the Company for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Regulation S-K for scaled disclosures for smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, such information reflects all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments), which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. Results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be obtained for a full fiscal year. The balance sheet information as of December 31, 2023 was derived from the audited financial statements included in the Company’s financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on April 1, 2024. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with that report.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Material estimates relate to the assumptions made in determining estimates for credit loss reserves for accounts receivable, assumptions used in valuing inventories at net realizable value, impairment testing of recorded long-term assets, the realizability of deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance, accruals for warranty reserves, accruals for potential liabilities, assumptions made in valuing stock instruments issued for services, and assumptions used in the determination of the Company’s liquidity. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from product sales. Product revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs for the Company upon shipment or delivery of products or services to its customers based on written sales terms, which is also when control is transferred. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring the products or services to a customer. The Company determines whether delivery has occurred based on when title transfers and the risks and rewards of ownership have transferred to the customer, which usually occurs when the Company places the product with the customer’s carrier or delivers the product to a customer’s location. The Company regularly reviews its customers’ financial positions to ensure that collectability is reasonably assured.

The Company also recognizes revenues from engineering services, technical support, and sale of accessories that support the Company’s direct current, or DC, power systems. Revenue is recognized when transfer of control to the customer has been made and the Company’s performance obligation has been fulfilled. The Company’s revenue from engineering services, technical support services, and product accessories are clearly defined in each transaction with its customers and have not been significant to date.

The Company also recognizes revenues from the rental of equipment. The Company’s rental revenues have not been significant to date and have accounted for less than one percent of total revenues for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company’s rental contracts are fixed price contracts for fixed durations of time and include freight and delivery charges and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the rental period.

Disaggregation of Net Sales

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by product type:

The following table shows the Company’s disaggregated net sales by customer type:

The following tables shows the Company’s net sales by the respective geographical regions of our customers (in thousands):

For the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, international sales totaled $99 and $1,125 respectively.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost determined on a first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) basis. The Company records adjustments to its inventory based on an estimated forecast of the inventory demand, taking into consideration, among others, inventory turnover, inventory quantities on hand, unfilled customer order quantities, forecasted demand, current prices, competitive pricing, and trends and performance of similar products. If the estimated net realizable value is determined to be less than the recorded cost of the inventory, the difference is recognized as a loss in the period in which it occurs. Once inventory has been written down, it creates a new cost basis for inventory that may not be subsequently written up. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, and the year ended December 31, 2023, there wereno write-downs of inventory.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, inventories consisted of the following:

Product Warranties

The Company provides limited warranties for parts and labor at no cost to its customers within a specified time period after the sale. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had accrued a liability for warranty reserve of $600 and $600, respectively, which are included in other accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed balance sheets. The following is a tabular reconciliation of the product warranty liability, excluding the deferred revenue related to the Company’s warranty coverage:

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company periodically issues stock-based compensation to officers, directors, and consultants for services rendered. Such issuances vest and expire according to terms established at the issuance date.

Stock-based payments to employees, directors, and for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees, which include grants of employee stock options, are recognized in the financial statements based on their grant date fair values in accordance with ASC 718,Compensation-Stock Compensation. Stock option grants to employees, which are generally time vested, are measured at the grant date fair value and depending on the conditions associated with the vesting of the award, compensation cost is recognized on a straight-line or graded basis over the vesting period. Recognition of compensation expense for non-employees is in the same period and manner as if the Company had paid cash for the services. The fair value of stock options granted is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which uses certain assumptions related to risk-free interest rates, expected volatility, expected life, and future dividends. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model could materially affect compensation expense recorded in future periods.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

The Company uses various inputs in determining the fair value of its investments and measures these assets on a recurring basis. Financial assets recorded at fair value in the balance sheets are categorized by the level of objectivity associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value.

Authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) defines the following levels directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these financial assets:

The carrying amounts of certain financial assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying values of the line of credit and notes payable approximate their fair values since the interest rates on these obligations are based on prevailing market interest rates.

Segments

Under ASC 280,Segment Reporting, operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise where discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company’s operating segment consists of one component, and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, who is also the CODM, makes decisions and manages the Company’s operations as a single operating segment.

Concentrations

*Revenues.*For the three months ended March 31, 2024,49% of revenues was generated from the Company’s largest customer (a Tier-1 telecommunications wireless carrier in the U.S), and 25% of revenue was generated from the Company’s second largest customer ( a customer in the U.S. military market). For the three months ended March 31, 2023,49% of revenues was generated from the Company’s largest customer, a Tier-1 telecommunications customer in the U.S., and 27% of the revenue was generated from a telecommunications customer in the South Pacific. There was no other revenue from customers in excess of 10% of revenues in either period. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, sales to telecommunications customers accounted for 71% and 95% of total revenues, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023, sales to international customers accounted for 6% and 27%, of total revenue, respectively.

Accounts receivable. At March 31, 2024, the two largest receivable accounts represented 70% and 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable. At December 31, 2023, the Company’s two largest receivable accounts represented 69% and 16% of the Company’s total accounts receivable. There was no other customer that accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s accounts receivable as of March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Accounts payable. At March 31, 2024, accounts payable to the Company’s three largest vendors represented 37%,9% and 5%, respectively, of the Company’s accounts payable. On December 31, 2023, the three largest accounts payable accounts to the Company’s vendors represented 30%,10%, and 5%, respectively.

Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued using the treasury stock method. Potential common shares are excluded from the computation when their effect is antidilutive. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted net income per share if the exercise prices were lower than the average fair market value of common shares during the reporting period.

The following potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In September 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Credit Losses - Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (“ASC 326”). The standard significantly changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets, including accounts and notes receivables. The standard will replace today’s “incurred loss” approach with an “expected loss” model, under which companies will recognize allowances based on expected rather than incurred losses. Entities will apply the standard’s provisions as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. As a smaller reporting company, ASU 2016-13 was effective for the Company on January 1, 2023. The adoption of ASU 2016-03 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07,Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosure, which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expense categories that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. The update also requires all annual disclosures about a reportable segment’s profit or loss and assets to be provided in interim periods and for entities with a single reportable segment to provide all the disclosures required by ASC 280,Segment Reporting, including the significant segment expense disclosures. This standard was effective for the Company on January 1, 2024. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income or loss by the applicable statutory income tax rate). ASU 2023-99 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect that the guidance will have a material impact on our financial statements or notes to our financial statements.

NOTE 2 –PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Property and equipment consist of the following:

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $66 and $116, respectively. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, $63 and $113, respectively, of the depreciation expense was included in the balance of cost of sales.

NOTE 3 – NOTES PAYABLE, RELATED PARTY

During 2023, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer extended three loans to the Company for aggregate principal amount of $257 pursuant to terms of the note agreements. The notes have relatively similar terms, are unsecured, accrue interest at 1% per annum, are due over a period of 12 months with payments becoming due between 5 to 7 months after issuances of the notes, and no prepayment penalties. As of March 31, 2024, the aggregate outstanding balance of the loans is $257, with $180 due in May 2024, and $25 due in October 2024. As of May 15, 2024, the Company is in the process of obtaining an extension of the amounts due in May 2024.

NOTE 4 –NOTES PAYABLE

Notes payable consist of the following:

The Company has entered into several financing agreements for the purchase of equipment in prior years. The terms of these financing arrangements are for a term of 2 years to 5 years, with interest rates ranging from 1.9% to 6.9% per annum, secured by the purchased equipment, andmature between September 2023 and July 2024. The aggregate monthly payments of principal and interest of the outstanding notes payable as of March 31, 2024 is approximately $8.

NOTE 5 –LINE OF CREDIT

Credit Facility

Effective September 30, 2020, the Company entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Pinnacle Bank (“Pinnacle”). The Loan Agreement, as amended, provides for a revolving credit facility under which Pinnacle may make advances to the Company up to $7,500, subject to certain limitations and adjustments, of up to (a) 85% of the aggregate net face amount of the Company’s accounts receivable and other contract rights and receivables, plus (b) the lesser of (i) 40% of the aggregate eligible inventory value of eligible inventory or (ii) $4.0 million, plus (c) up to $146 collateralized by certain equipment. The Loan Agreement expires on September 30, 2024.

At December 31, 2023, the outstanding balance under the line of credit was $4,238. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company advanced an aggregate of $676 under the facility. At March 31, 2024, the outstanding balance under the line of credit was $4,914 and the Company had an amount of $216 available under the line of credit.

Borrowings based on receivables bears an interest on the daily balance at a rate of 1.25% above the prime rate, but in no event less than 3.75% per annum (9.75% at March 31, 2024 and 9.75% at December 31, 2023). Interest on the portion of the daily balance consisting of advances against inventory accrues interest at a rate of 2.25% above the prime rate, but in no event less than 4.75% per annum (10.75% at March 31, 2024 and 10.75% at December 31, 2023).

Pinnacle may terminate the Loan Agreement at any time upon ninety days prior written notice and immediately upon the occurrence of an event of default. Under the Loan Agreement, the Company granted Pinnacle a security interest in all presently existing and thereafter acquired or arising assets of the Company. The Loan Agreement also contains a financial covenant requiring the Company to attain an effective tangible net worth, as defined, which the Company attained as of March 31, 2024.

The Loan Agreement obligates the Company to pay Pinnacle a yearly facility fee in an amount equal to 1.125% of the sum of the advance limit.

NOTE 6 –OPERATING LEASES

The Company has two operating lease agreements for its warehouse and office facilities. The first lease expired February 28, 2023, and was extended beginning March 1, 2023 to February 28, 2026. The second lease expired August 31, 2023, and was extended beginning September 1, 2023 to August 31, 2026. The aggregate monthly lease payments range from $89 (year one), to $111 (year two), to $125 (year three), with an aggregate commitment of $3,896. The lease amendments to the two operating leases were considered new lease agreements and as a result, the Company recognized operating lease right-of-use assets and related operating lease liabilities of approximately $3,578 upon commencement of the new terms in 2023.

The Company also has a third lease on a month-to-month basis and is charged $25 per month.

The components of rent expense and supplemental cash flow information related to leases for the period are as follows:

The supplemental balance sheet information related to leases for the period is as follows:

Maturities of the Company’s lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

Rent expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $399 and $287, respectively.

NOTE 7 –STOCK OPTIONS

The following table summarizes stock option activity:

Effective July 8, 2016, the Company’s board of directors approved the Polar Power 2016 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”), authorizing the issuance of up to 1,754,385 shares of common stock as incentives to employees and consultants to the Company with awards limited to a maximum of 350,877 shares to any one participant in any calendar year.

At December 31, 2023, the Company had total outstanding options of 140,000, which were carried forward to March 31, 2024. These options are fully vested, exercise prices ranging from $4.84 to $5.60, and with 30,000 option shares set to expire in December 2027 and the remaining 110,000 option shares set to expire in April 2028.

The outstanding options hadno intrinsic value at March 31, 2024.

NOTE 8 –STOCK WARRANTS

At March 31, 2023, the Company had warrants purchase an aggregate of 24,122 shares of the Company’s common stock, originally issued July 7, 2020, outstanding. On November 9, 2023, the warrants were exchanged on a cashless basis for 12,062 shares of Common Stock in accordance to a warrant exchange agreement. Upon issuance of such shares and cancellation of the warrants, the Companyno longer has any warrants outstanding as of December 31, 2023, or March 31, 2024.

NOTE 9 -EMPLOYEE RETENTION CREDITS

The Consolidated Appropriations Act, passed in December 2021, expanded the employee retention credit (“ERC”) program through December 2021. The credits cover 70% of qualified wages, plus the cost to continue providing health benefits to our employees, subject to a $7 cap per employee per quarter. Due to revenue declines we experienced, we qualified for approximately $2,000 of ERC during the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company believes that it has complied with the ERC eligibility requirements, and as of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024, the balance of $2,000 is presented as ERC receivable in the accompanying balance sheets. Subsequent to March 31, 2024, the Company received $700 of the ERC receivable.