Groupon Inc
For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Mar 15, 2024.
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FY2023 · Filed Mar 15, 2024
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the stockholders and the Board of Directors of Groupon, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Groupon, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity (deficit), and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and the schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(2) (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023, and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 15, 2024, expressed an adverse opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting because of a material weakness.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Variable Consideration Revenue Recognition—Refer to Notes 2 and 12 to the financial statements
In accordance with the measurement principles of the revenue recognition accounting standard, the Company estimates variable consideration and includes such estimates in its determination of the transaction price that is recognized as revenue. The Company’s estimate of variable consideration each period is associated with gross billings for vouchers that are ultimately not redeemed by customers and for which the Company’s payment terms to merchants are upon redemption. For vouchers with redemption payment terms, the merchant is not paid its share of the sale price for a voucher sold unless and until the customer redeems the related voucher. If the voucher is never redeemed by the customer, the Company retains the full amount paid for the voucher and is not required to remit to the merchant its portion of the voucher’s sales proceeds.
Evaluating management’s model and assumptions used to estimate variable consideration revenue involved especially subjective judgment.
Our audit procedures related to evaluating the Company’s model and assumptions used to estimate the variable consideration revenue amount included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over the estimation of the variable consideration revenue.
We evaluated the Company’s model, including testing the mathematical accuracy of the model, used to measure the variable consideration revenue amount by considering if it conforms with the objectives and measurement principles of the revenue recognition standard related to variable consideration.
We evaluated whether the Company used the proper data in the model. We also tested the completeness and accuracy of the data used in the model.
We evaluated the assumptions used in the model, specifically the estimated redemption rates for cohorts of vouchers, by comparing the assumed redemption rates used in the model to historical redemption rates for similar vouchers.
Income Taxes—Foreign Tax Position—Refer to Notes 2 and 14 to the financial statements
The Company received a proposed income tax assessment from the tax authority in one foreign jurisdiction in the amount of $120.7 million, inclusive of estimated incremental interest from the original assessment. In December 2023, the subsidiary subject to the proposed assessment received an unfavorable ruling at the lowest court level. The subsidiary has lodged a second-level appeal and requested the suspension of a provisional payment demand of approximately $76.5 million. The Company believes the assessment, which primarily relates to transfer pricing on transactions occurring in 2011, is without merit and has been vigorously defending the subsidiary in that matter.
Given the complexity of the relevant tax laws and regulations, auditing management’s evaluation and accounting for the tax position associated with the foreign income tax assessment involved especially subjective and complex judgments.
Our audit procedures related to the accounting for the tax position associated with the foreign income tax assessment included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over income taxes, including those over accounting for uncertain tax positions.
With the assistance of our foreign and US income tax specialists, we evaluated management’s analysis regarding the likelihood of sustaining its foreign tax position upon examination by the relevant foreign tax authorities; we evaluated management’s estimate of the amount of tax benefit recognized; and, we evaluated the likelihood of suspension of the provisional payment demand.
We assessed the basis of the Company’s analysis and measurement by:
Obtaining, reading, and evaluating the outside legal opinion received by the Company supporting its position
Obtaining, reading, and evaluating the written response from the outside legal counsel representing the Company provided to us as part of our annual legal inquiry process
Obtaining, reading, and evaluating management’s written analysis supporting the accounting position
Making direct inquiries of the outside legal counsel representing the Company in this proposed assessment by the foreign tax authority
Evaluating any developments in the matter during the current fiscal year through inquiry of Company personnel and their outside legal counsel.
Goodwill—Refer to Notes 2 and 4 to the financial statements
The Company’s annual evaluation of goodwill impairment involves the comparison of the fair value of the Company’s North America reporting unit to its carrying value. The Company determines the fair value of the North America reporting unit using the income approach (including discounted cash flows). When measuring fair value based on discounted cash flows, the Company makes assumptions about risk-adjusted discount rates, including weighted average cost of capital; rates of increase in revenue, cost of revenue and operating expenses; rates of long-term growth; working capital levels; and income tax rates. The North America goodwill balance subject to the impairment test was $178.7 million as of December 31, 2023.
Auditing the estimates and assumptions that impacted the valuation of the North America reporting unit involved especially subjective judgment, specifically related to the forecasts of revenues, cost of revenue, and operating expenses and selection of risk-adjusted discount rates.
Our audit procedures related to the Company’s forecast of revenues, cost of revenue, and operating expenses and its selection of risk-adjusted discount rates included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over the annual and periodic goodwill impairment assessments, including those over the forecasts.
We evaluated management’s ability to reliably forecast by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.
We evaluated the reasonableness of management’s forecast by comparing the forecasts to (1) historical results and previous forecasts, (2) internal communications to management and the Board of Directors, (3) macroeconomic forecasts, and (4) forecasts utilized in other areas of the audit to evaluate consistency, where appropriate. Additionally, we obtained and evaluated management’s written analysis supporting the forecasted cash flows.
With the assistance of fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the 1) valuation methodology, 2) risk-adjusted discount rate, and 3) the long-term growth rate by:
Evaluating whether the fair value models being used are appropriate considering the Company’s circumstances and valuation premise identified
Testing the source information and the mathematical accuracy of the calculation underlying the determination of the risk-adjusted discount rate, and developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the risk-adjusted discount rate selected by management.
/s/Deloitte & Touche LLP
Chicago, Illinois
March 15, 2024
We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.
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