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APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS, INC.

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Feb 26, 2026.

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About this filing

A company's yearly report to the SEC, with audited financial statements. It is the fullest account a company gives of its business, its finances and the risks it sees.

FY2025 · Filed Feb 26, 2026

AAOI$52.10+3.9%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

Extracted filing text, with the paragraph anchors used by the comparison.

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Contents

Table of Contents

Applied Optoelectronics, Inc.

Table of Contents

Page
Part I3
Item 1.Business3
Item 1A.Risk Factors15
Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments35
Item 1C.Cybersecurity35
Item 2.Properties36
Item 3.Legal Proceedings36
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosure36
Part II37
Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities37
Item 6.[Reserved]38
Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations38
Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk52
Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data53
Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure53
Item 9A.Controls and Procedures54
Item 9B.Other Information57
Item 9CDisclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections57
Part III58
Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance58
Item 11.Executive Compensation58
Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters58
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence58
Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services58
Part IV59
Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules59
Signatures64

Forward-Looking Information

This Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Form 10-K") contains forward-looking statements that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management, including statements appearing under the heading, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. The statements contained in this Form 10-K that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as ‘‘may,’’ ‘‘will,’’ ‘‘should,’’ ‘‘expects,’’ ‘‘plans,’’ ‘‘anticipates,’’ ‘‘believes,’’ ‘‘estimates,” “strategy,” “future,” “likely,” or “would” or by other similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions and current expectations, which could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to: statements about reduction in the size or quantity of customer orders; change in demand for the Company’s products due to industry conditions; our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity; changes in manufacturing operations; volatility in manufacturing costs; delays in shipments of products; disruptions in the supply chain; change in the rate of design wins or the rate of customer acceptance of new products; the Company’s reliance on a small number of customers for a substantial portion of its revenues; pricing pressure; a decline in demand for our customers’ products or their rate of deployment of their products; general conditions in theinternet data center, cable television or CATV, telecommunications or telecom and fiber-to-the-home or FTTH; changes in the world economy (particularly in the United States and China); the negative effects of seasonality; expectations regarding the acquisition or divestiture of assets and business; realization of deferred tax assets; and other risks and uncertainties described more fully under the heading “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K and those discussed in the Company’s other documents filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. All forward-looking statements in this Form 10-K are based upon information available to us as of the date hereof, and qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this report to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in the Company’s expectations.

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