Hamilton Lane INC
For the period ended Mar 31, 2024. Filed May 23, 2024.
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FY2024 · Filed May 23, 2024
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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
- Organization
Hamilton Lane Incorporated (“HLI”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on December 31, 2007 and, following its 2017 initial public offering (“IPO”), is a holding company whose principal asset is a controlling equity interest in Hamilton Lane Advisors, L.L.C. (“HLA”). As the sole managing member of HLA, HLI operates and controls all of the business and affairs of HLA, and through HLA, conducts its business. As a result, HLI consolidates HLA’s financial results and reports a non-controlling interest (“NCI”) related to the portion of HLA units not owned by HLI. The assets and liabilities of HLA represent substantially all of HLI’s consolidated assets and liabilities with the exception of certain cash, certain deferred tax assets and liabilities, payables to related parties pursuant to a tax receivable agreement, and dividends payable. Unless otherwise specified, “the Company” refers to the consolidated entity of HLI, HLA and subsidiaries throughout the remainder of these notes. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, HLI held approximately 73.6% and 70.1%, respectively, of the economic interest in HLA. As future exchanges of HLA units occur pursuant to the exchange agreement in place with HLA’s members, the economic interest in HLA held by HLI will increase.
HLA is a registered investment advisor with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), providing asset management and advisory services, primarily to institutional investors, to design, build and manage private markets portfolios. HLA generates revenues primarily from management and advisory fees, comprised of specialized fund and customized separate account management fees, advisory and reporting fees and distribution management fees and, to a lesser extent, incentive fees, comprised of carried interest earned from our specialized funds and certain customized separate accounts structured as single-client funds in which we have a general partner commitment, and performance fees earned on certain other specialized funds and customized separate accounts. HLA sponsors the formation, and serves as the general partner or managing member, of various limited liability partnerships consisting of specialized funds and certain single client separate account entities (“Partnerships”) that acquire interests in third-party managed investment funds that make private equity and equity-related investments. The Partnerships may also make direct investments, including investments in debt, equity, and other equity-based instruments. The Company, which includes certain subsidiaries that serve as the general partner or managing member of the Partnerships, may invest its own capital in the Partnerships and generally makes all investment and operating decisions for the Partnerships. HLA operates several wholly owned entities through which it conducts its foreign operations.
- Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities in which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary under the variable interest model. Certain of the consolidated variable interest entities are investment companies that follow specialized accounting guidance and reflect their investments at estimated fair value. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Consolidation
The Company performs an analysis to determine whether it is required to consolidate entities, by determining if the Company has a variable interest in each entity and whether that entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). The Company performs the variable interest analysis for all entities in which it has a potential variable interest, which primarily consist of all entities where the Company serves as the sponsor, general partner or managing member, and general partner entities not wholly owned by the Company. If the Company has a variable interest in the entity and the entity is a VIE, it will also analyze whether the Company is the primary beneficiary of this entity and whether consolidation is required.
In evaluating whether it has a variable interest in the entity, the Company reviews the equity ownership and whether the Company absorbs risk created and distributed by the entity, as well as whether the fees charged to the entity are customary and commensurate with the level of effort required to provide services. Fees received by the Company are not variable interests if (i) the fees are compensation for services provided and are commensurate with the level of effort required to provide those services, (ii) the service arrangement includes only terms, conditions, or amounts that are customarily present in arrangements for similar services negotiated at arm’s length and (iii) the Company’s other economic interests in the VIE held directly and indirectly through its related parties, as well as economic interests held by related parties under common control, where applicable, would not absorb more than an insignificant amount of the entity’s losses or receive more than an insignificant amount of the entity’s benefits. Evaluation of these criteria requires judgment.
For entities determined to be VIEs, an evaluation is required to determine whether the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company evaluates its economic interests in the entity specifically determining if the Company has both the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance (“the power”) and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE (“the benefits”). When making the determination on whether the benefits received from an entity are significant, the Company considers the total economics of the entity, and analyzes whether the Company’s share of the economics is significant. The Company utilizes qualitative factors, and, where applicable, quantitative factors, while performing the analysis.
VIEs for which the Company is the primary beneficiary have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The portion of the consolidated subsidiaries owned by third parties and any related activity is eliminated through non-controlling interests in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
For entities that are not determined to be VIEs, the Company analyzes whether it has control through a majority voting interest to determine if consolidation is required.
At each reporting date, the Company determines whether any reconsideration events have occurred that require it to revisit the primary beneficiary analysis and will consolidate or deconsolidate accordingly.
See Note 6 for additional disclosure on VIEs.
Accounting for Differing Fiscal Periods
The Partnerships primarily have a fiscal year end as of December 31, and the Company accounts for its investments in the Partnerships using a three-month lag due to the timing of financial information received from the investments held by the Partnerships. The Partnerships primarily invest in private equity funds, which generally require at least 90 days following the calendar year end to present audited financial statements. The Company records its share of capital contributions to and distributions from the Partnerships in investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets during the three month lag period.
The results of the consolidated VIEs are reported on a three-month lag, due to the timing of the receipt of related financial statements.
To the extent that management is aware of material events that affect the Partnerships or the consolidated VIEs during the intervening period, the impact of the events would be disclosed in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Company’s revenue earned from Partnerships, including both management and advisory fee revenue and incentive fee revenue, is not accounted for on a lag.
Foreign Currency
The Company and all of its foreign subsidiaries utilize the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) are included in general, administrative and other expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash
Cash deposits in interest-bearing money market accounts and highly liquid investments, with an original maturity of three months or less, are classified as cash equivalents. Interest earned on cash and cash equivalents is recorded as interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Restricted cash at March 31, 2024 and 2023 was primarily cash held by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries to meet applicable government regulatory capital requirements.
Fees Receivable
Fees receivable are equal to contractual amounts reduced for allowances, if applicable. The Company considers fees receivable to be fully collectible; accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been established as of March 31, 2024 or 2023.
Due from Related Parties
Due from related parties in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consists primarily of advances made on behalf of the Partnerships for the payment of certain operating costs, expenses for which the Company is subsequently reimbursed and amounts due from current employees.
Furniture, Fixtures and Equipment
Furniture, fixtures and equipment consist primarily of leasehold improvements, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer hardware and software and are recorded at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is recognized in accordance with the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives as follows:
| Computer hardware and software | 3 -7 years |
|---|---|
| Furniture and fixtures | 5 years |
| Office equipment | 3 years |
Leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the shorter of their useful life or the life of the lease. Expenditures for improvements that extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized. Expenditures for ordinary repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.
Leases
The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at inception. A lease is a contract that provides the right to control an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. For identified leases, the Company determines whether it should be classified as an operating or finance lease. The Company accounts for lease components and non-lease components as a single lease component. Lease right of use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease and measured based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Lease ROU assets include initial direct costs incurred by the Company and are presented net of deferred rent and lease incentives. Generally, the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate and as a result, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Some leases have the option to extend for an additional term or terminate early. Where it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option, the option has been included in the lease term and reflected in the ROU asset and liability. The Company does not recognize a lease ROU asset or lease liability for short-term leases, which have lease terms of 12 months or less. Lease expense for lease payments on operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Other Assets
Intangible assets
The Company’s intangible assets consist of customer relationship assets identified as part of previous acquisitions and purchased software. Identifiable finite-lived intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, ranging from 7 to 10 years. The Company does not hold any indefinite-lived intangible assets. Intangible assets are reviewed for impairment quarterly, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company hasnot recognized any impairment charges in any of the periods presented.
The carrying value of the intangible assets was $4,584 and $6,285, and is included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The accumulated amortization of intangibles was $8,367 and $6,666 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization of intangible assets was $1,701, $2,277, and $2,503 for each of the years in the three-year period ended March 31, 2024, respectively, and is included in general, administrative and other expenses in the Consolidated Statements of
Income. The estimated amortization expense for each of the next five fiscal years is $1,701, $1,465, $1,154, $264, and $0, respectively.
Goodwill
Goodwill of $9,566 and $9,566 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and was recorded in conjunction with previous acquisitions. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment at least annually utilizing a qualitative or quantitative approach, and more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The impairment testing for goodwill under the qualitative approach is based first on a qualitative assessment to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company’s reporting unit is less than the respective carrying value. The reporting unit is the reporting level for testing the impairment of goodwill. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value or when the quantitative approach is used, a two-step quantitative assessment is performed to (a) calculate the fair value of the reporting unit and compare it to its carrying value, and (b) if the carrying value exceeds its fair value, to measure an impairment loss. The Company performed the annual impairment assessment as of December 31, 2023 noting thatno goodwill impairment existed.
Convertible notes receivable
Convertible notes receivable of $10,215 and $2,028 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 are included in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Each note is recognized at amortized cost with interest accrued quarterly. Principal and interest obligations may be satisfied by a cash payment or converted to equity of the note issuers at the end of term or upon triggering events as defined in the note agreements. The Company considers the notes receivable to be fully collectible; accordingly, no allowance for credit losses has been established as of March 31, 2024 or 2023.
Equity Method Investments
Investments over which the Company is deemed to exert significant influence but not control are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. For investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting, the Company’s share of income (losses) is included in equity in income of investees in the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company’s equity in income of investees is generally comprised of realized and unrealized gains from the underlying funds, portfolio companies held by the Partnerships and certain technology investments. The carrying amounts of equity method investments are reflected in investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company utilizes a hierarchy that prioritizes fair value measurements based on the types of inputs used for the various valuation techniques (market approach, income approach, and cost approach). The levels of the hierarchy are described below:
Level 1: Values are determined using quoted market prices for identical financial instruments in an active market.
Level 2: Values are determined using quoted prices for similar financial instruments and valuation models whose inputs are observable.
Level 3: Values are determined using pricing models that use significant inputs that are primarily unobservable, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.
The Company uses these levels of hierarchy to measure the fair value of certain financial instruments on a recurring basis, such as for investments; on a non-recurring basis, such as for acquisitions and impairment testing; for disclosure purposes, such as for long-term debt; and for other applications, as discussed in their respective notes.
The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, fees receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value due to the immediate or short-term maturity of these financial instruments.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In October 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-06 - Disclosure Improvements: Codification Amendments in Response to the SEC’s Disclosure Update and Simplification Initiative. The amendments in this ASU incorporate 14 of the 27 disclosure requirements published in SEC Release No. 33-10532 - Disclosure Update and Simplification into various topics within the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The amendments represent clarifications to, or technical corrections of, current requirements. For SEC registrants, the effective date for each amendment will be the date on which the SEC removes that related disclosure from its rules. Early adoption is prohibited. The amendments will be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new requirements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This ASU enhances segment disclosures primarily around significant segment expenses for both interim and annual periods. The amendments in this ASU are to be applied retrospectively and are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new requirements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, to enhance transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new requirements.
In March 2024, the SEC adopted final rules to require disclosures about certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports. In April 2024, the SEC issued an order to stay the rules pending the completion of judicial review of multiple petitions challenging the rules. The rules, if implemented, would require information about a registrant’s climate-related risks that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on its business, results of operations, or financial condition. The required information about climate-related risks will also include disclosure of a registrant’s greenhouse gas emissions, if material. In addition, the rules will require registrants to present certain climate-related financial metrics in their audited financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the new requirements should the rules be implemented.
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development has issued Pillar Two model rules introducing a new global minimum tax of 15%. While the U.S. has not yet adopted the Pillar Two rules, various other governments around the world are enacting similar legislation. The Company is currently evaluating the rules and assessing the impact of the new requirements.
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest
Redeemable non-controlling interests represented the Class A shares issued by Hamilton Lane Alliance Holdings I, Inc (“HLAH”), that were redeemable for cash by the public stockholders in the event of HLAH’s failure to complete a business combination or tender offer. The redeemable non-controlling interests were initially recorded at their original issue price, net of issuance costs and the initial fair value of separately traded warrants. The carrying amount was accreted to its full redemption value at March 31, 2022.
Management and advisory fees
The Company earns management fees from services provided to its specialized funds, customized separate accounts, and distribution management clients, and advisory fees from services provided to advisory clients where the Company does not have discretion over investment decisions. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those services. Specialized funds are structured as partnerships having multiple investors with a subsidiary of the Company serving as general partner or managing member. Customized separate accounts are generally contractual arrangements involving an investment management agreement between the Company and a single client. In some cases, a customized separate account will be structured as a partnership with a subsidiary of the Company serving as general partner or managing member. The Company determined that the partnership is generally considered to be the customer with respect to specialized funds, while the individual investor or single limited partner is the customer with respect to customized separate accounts and advisory clients.
Management fees generally exclude the reimbursement of any partnership expenses paid by the Company on behalf of its customers pursuant to its contracts, including amounts related to professional fees and other fund administrative expenses. For the professional and administrative services performed by third parties that the Company arranges for the partnerships, the Company concluded that the nature of its promise is to arrange for the services to be provided and it does not control the services provided by third parties before they are transferred to the customer. Therefore, the Company is acting as an agent. Accordingly, the reimbursement for these professional fees paid on behalf of the partnerships is generally presented on a net basis.
The Company also incurs certain costs, primarily employee travel, organization and syndication costs, for which it receives reimbursement from its customers in connection with satisfying these performance obligations. For reimbursable travel, organization and syndication costs, the Company concluded it controls the services provided by its employees and other parties and therefore is a principal. Accordingly, the Company records the reimbursement for these costs incurred on a gross basis as revenue in management and advisory fees and as expense in general, administrative and other expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The Company considers its performance obligations in its customer contracts to be one of the following based upon the services promised: asset management services, arrangement of administrative services, distribution management services, or reporting services.
For asset management and arrangement of administrative services, the Company satisfies these performance obligations over time as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised services to the customer. Management fees from these performance obligations for contracts where the Company has discretion over investment decisions are generally calculated by applying a percentage to unaffiliated committed capital, net invested capital under management or net asset value and are usually billed quarterly. For many partnerships, fees are based on committed capital during the investment period or net invested capital through the remainder of the partnership term. The management fee base is subject to factors outside the Company’s control and therefore estimates of future period management fees are not included in the transaction price, as those estimates would be considered constrained. Advisory fees from these performance obligations for contracts where the Company does not have discretion over investment decisions are generally based upon fixed amounts and are usually billed quarterly.
For distribution management services, the Company satisfies these performance obligations at a point in time when shares are sold/liquidated and the proceeds are delivered and the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the services. Distribution management fees are generally calculated by applying a percentage to the amounts sold/liquidated and are billed at the completion of each transaction.
For reporting, monitoring, data and analytics services, the Company satisfies these performance obligations over time as the services are rendered and the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed. Reporting and monitoring fees are generally calculated by applying a fixed rate multiplied by the number of funds monitored and are billed quarterly. Data and analytics fees are generally received on an annual basis and recognized over the service term.
The Company incurs certain costs related to the organization and syndication of new Partnerships. These costs generally include professional fees, legal fees, and other related items. The Company expenses these costs as they are incurred. Once the Partnership is successfully formed and has held its first closing, the Company recognizes those costs as revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Income as the Partnership is then able to reimburse the Company for these costs.
Incentive Fees
Contracts with certain customized separate accounts and specialized funds provide incentive fees, which generally range from 5% to 12.5% of profits, when investment returns exceed minimum return levels or other performance targets on either an annual or inception to date basis. Investment returns are highly susceptible to market factors and judgments and actions of third parties that are outside of the Company’s control. Accordingly, incentive fees are considered variable consideration in asset management services and are therefore constrained and not recognized until it is probable that a significant reversal will not occur. The primary contingency regarding incentive fees is the “clawback,” or the obligation to return distributions in excess of the amount prescribed by the applicable fund or separate account documents. Incentive fees are typically only required to be returned on a net of tax basis due to a clawback. As such, the tax-related portion of incentive fees is typically not subject to clawback and is therefore recognized as revenue immediately upon receipt. The Company estimates the amount and probability of additional future capital contributions to specialized funds and customized separate accounts, which could impact the probability of a significant reversal occurring. The additional future capital contributions relate to unfunded commitments or follow-on investment opportunities in underlying portfolio investments. Incentive fees received before the revenue recognition criteria have been met are deferred and recorded within deferred incentive fee revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and Benefits consists of (a) base compensation comprising salary, bonuses and benefits paid and payable to employees, (b) equity-based compensation associated with the grants of restricted stock and performance awards and (c) incentive fee compensation, which consists of carried interest and performance fee allocations as detailed below.
Equity-based awards issued are measured at fair value at the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock grant is based on the closing stock price on the trading day before the date of grant less the present value of expected future dividends. The fair value of the performance awards are based on a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model at the date of grant. Expense related to employee equity-based compensation is recorded using the straight-line method over the vesting period. See Note 10 for more information regarding accounting for equity-based awards.
Incentive fee compensation expense includes compensation directly related to incentive fees. Certain employees of the Company are granted allocations or profit-sharing interests and are thereby, as a group, entitled to a 25% portion of the incentive fees earned by the Company from certain Partnerships and certain managed accounts subject to vesting. Amounts payable pursuant to these arrangements are recorded as compensation expense when they have become probable and reasonably estimable. Incentive fee compensation may be expensed before the related incentive fee revenue is recognized.
Non-Operating Gain (Loss)
Non-operating gain (loss) consists primarily of gains or losses recorded on sales of other assets, fair value adjustments on investments and adjustments to the payable to related parties pursuant to the tax receivable agreement.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are recognized for the expected future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the carrying amount of the existing tax assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be applied in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The principal items giving rise to temporary differences are certain basis differences resulting from the acquisitions of HLA units. Realization of the deferred tax assets is primarily dependent upon (1) historic earnings, (2) forecasted taxable income, (3) future tax deductions of tax basis step-ups related to the IPO and subsequent unit exchanges, (4) future tax deductions related to payments under the tax receivable agreement, and (5) the Company’s share of HLA’s temporary differences that result in future tax deductions. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount more likely than not to be realized.
HLA is organized as a limited liability company and treated as a “flow-through” entity for income tax purposes. As a “flow-through” entity, HLA is not subject to income taxes apart from certain U.S. state and local taxes and foreign taxes attributable to its operations in foreign jurisdictions. Any taxable income or loss generated by HLA is passed through to and included in the taxable income or loss of its members, including HLI. As a result, the Company does not record income taxes on pre-tax income or loss attributable to the non-controlling interests in the general partnerships and HLA, except for certain U.S. state and local taxes and foreign taxes discussed above. HLI is subject to U.S. federal and applicable state corporate income taxes with respect to its allocable share of any taxable income of HLA.
The Company analyzes its tax filing positions in all of the U.S. federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all open tax years in these jurisdictions. The Company evaluates tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing an entity’s tax returns to determine whether it is “more-likely-than-not” that each tax position will be sustained by the applicable tax authority.
The Company’s purchase of HLA Class A units concurrent with its IPO and periodic exchanges by holders of HLA units for shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, or cash, pursuant to the exchange agreement, result in increases in its share of the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of HLA, which will increase the tax depreciation and amortization deductions that otherwise would not have been available to HLI. These increases in tax basis and tax depreciation and amortization deductions reduce the amount of cash taxes that HLI would otherwise be required to pay in the future. HLI has entered into a tax receivable agreement with the other members of HLA (the “TRA Recipients”) that requires it to pay them 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state, and local income tax that HLI actually realizes (or, under certain circumstances, is deemed to realize) as a result of the increases in tax basis in connection with exchanges by the TRA Recipients described above and certain other tax benefits attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement.
Segments
The Company operates its business in a single segment, which is how the chief operating decision makers (who are the co-chief executive officers) review financial performance and allocate resources. Accordingly, the Company considers itself to be in a single operating and reportable segment structure.
Concentrations of Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and fees receivable. The majority of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are held with one major financial institution and expose the Company to a certain degree of credit risk. Substantially all cash amounts on deposit with major financial institutions exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits. The concentration of credit risk with respect to fees receivable is generally limited due to the short payment terms extended to clients by the Company.
The Company derives revenues from clients located in the United States and other foreign countries.
The below table presents revenues by geographic location:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| United States | $224,700 | $207,954 | $178,250 |
| Other foreign countries(1) | 329,142 | 320,799 | 189,669 |
| Total revenues(2) | $553,842 | $528,753 | $367,919 |
(1) For the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, no individual foreign country had material attributed revenue.
(2) Revenues are attributed to countries based on location of the client or investor.
The Company recognized approximately 10% of its total revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 from its latest secondary fund.
Dividends and Distributions
Dividends and distributions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements when declared.
Reclassifications
The Company reclassified certain prior period amounts to conform to current year presentation in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. In Note 4, the Company reclassified $61,637 from primary funds to evergreen funds within the types of equity method investments in partnership table. There was no impact to prior period amounts reported in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
- Revenue
The following presents revenues disaggregated by product offering, which aligns with the identified performance obligations and the basis for calculating each amount:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Management and advisory fees | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 |
| Specialized funds | $261,012 | $196,268 | $150,079 |
| Customized separate accounts | 128,826 | 117,763 | 103,229 |
| Advisory | 24,229 | 24,785 | 24,972 |
| Reporting, monitoring, data and analytics | 24,711 | 24,792 | 23,327 |
| Distribution management | 5,054 | 2,560 | 10,466 |
| Fund reimbursement revenue | 8,104 | 5,706 | 2,155 |
| Total management and advisory fees | $451,936 | $371,874 | $314,228 |
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Incentive fees | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 |
| Specialized funds | $89,988 | $118,212 | $30,332 |
| Customized separate accounts | 11,918 | 31,719 | 17,801 |
| Consolidated variable interest entities related: | |||
| Specialized funds | — | 6,948 | 5,558 |
| Total incentive fees | $101,906 | $156,879 | $53,691 |
- Investments
Investments consist of the following:
| March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Equity method investments in Partnerships | $408,615 | $340,603 |
| Other equity method investments | 1,576 | — |
| Fair value investments | 17,984 | 21,586 |
| Investments valued under the measurement alternative | 175,522 | 168,732 |
| Total Investments | $603,697 | $530,921 |
Investments of consolidated VIEs consist of the following:
| March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Equity method investments in Partnerships | $28,575 | $12,292 |
| Fair value investments | — | 44,752 |
| Total Investments of Consolidated VIEs | $28,575 | $57,044 |
Equity method investments
The Company’s equity method investments in Partnerships represent its ownership in certain specialized funds and customized separate accounts. The strategies and geographic location of investments within the Partnerships vary by fund. The Company has a 1% interest in substantially all of the Partnerships, representing a general partner interest. The Company’s other equity method investments represent its ownership in a technology company to develop an AI-powered investment assistant for private markets.
During the year ended March 31, 2023, the Company sold its ownership interests in its joint venture, Private Markets Connect, for $10,000 and recognized a gain of $9,783, which is recorded in non-operating (loss) gain in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Immediately preceding the sale, the Company received a distribution from the joint venture of $1,406, which was treated as a return of capital.
The Company’s equity method investments in Partnerships consist of the following types:
| March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Primary funds | $35,230 | $33,840 |
| Secondary funds | 51,760 | 50,022 |
| Direct investment funds | 93,288 | 83,963 |
| Customized separate accounts | 126,176 | 111,141 |
| Evergreen funds | 102,161 | 61,637 |
| Total equity method investments in Partnerships | $408,615 | $340,603 |
The Company evaluates each of its equity method investments to determine if any were significant pursuant to the requirements of Regulation S-X. As of and for the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, no individual equity method investment held by the Company met the significance criteria, and, as a result, the Company is not required to present separate financial statements for any of its equity method investments.
The summarized financial information of the Company’s equity method investments in Partnerships is as follows:
| March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 · 2023 | |||
| Assets | |||
| Investments | $42,767,080 | $33,672,215 | |
| Other assets | 1,717,626 | 842,994 | |
| Total assets | $44,484,706 | $34,515,209 | |
| Liabilities and Partners’ Capital | |||
| Debt | $203,213 | $87,451 | |
| Other liabilities | 477,892 | 235,080 | |
| Total liabilities | 681,105 | 322,531 | |
| Partners’ capital | 43,803,601 | 34,192,678 | |
| Total liabilities and partners’ capital | $44,484,706 | $34,515,209 | |
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Investment income | $625,176 | $362,176 | $654,285 |
| Expenses | 403,517 | 281,011 | 237,633 |
| Net investment income | 221,659 | 81,165 | 416,652 |
| Net realized and unrealized gain | 2,672,499 | (509,389) | 7,022,084 |
| Net income | $2,894,158 | $(428,224) | $7,438,736 |
Fair value investments
The Company’s fair value investments represent a publicly traded security and investments in private equity funds and direct credit and direct equity investments that are held as collateral for the Company’s secured financing. The private equity fund investments can only be redeemed through distributions received from the liquidation of underlying investments of the fund, and the timing of distributions is currently indeterminable. The amortized cost of the assets held as collateral was $5,952 and $7,429 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The direct credit investments are debt securities classified as trading securities. The direct equity investments and private equity funds are measured at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in non-operating (loss) gain in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
In May 2019, the Company transferred investments held as collateral to a Partnership of which the Company is the general partner. Due to continuing involvement with these assets at the Partnership, the Company accounted for this transfer as a secured financing as it has not met the criteria in ASC 860, “Transfers and Servicing”, to qualify as a sale and, therefore, has recorded a financial liability for the secured financing which is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company accounts for its secured financing at fair value under the fair value option. The primary reason for electing the fair value option is to mitigate volatility in earnings from using different measurement attributes. The significant input to the fair value of the secured financing is the fair value of the fair value investments delivered as collateral which are estimated using Level 3 inputs.
The Company recognized a gain of $130, $1,434, and $1,130 on the fair value assets held as collateral during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively, and recognized a loss of $130, $1,434, and $1,130 on the secured financing liability during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Gains and losses related to fair value assets held as collateral and the secured financing liability are recorded in non-operating (loss) gain in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Investments valued under the measurement alternative
The Company’s investments valued under the measurement alternative include equity securities in other proprietary investments for which the Company does not have significant influence and fair value is not readily determinable. ASC 321 requires equity securities to be recorded at cost and adjusted to fair value at each reporting period. However, the guidance allows for a measurement alternative, which is to record the investments at cost, less impairment, if any, and subsequently adjust for observable price changes of identical or similar investments of the same issuer.
The Company’s equity investments that the company has elected to account for under the measurement alternative are presented below:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Carrying amount beginning of the year | $168,732 | $156,100 | $109,822 |
| Adjustments related to equity investments | |||
| Purchases | 6,311 | 37,576 | 18,995 |
| Sales / return of capital | (176) | — | (13,903) |
| Net change in unrealized gain (loss)1 | 1,177 | (24,944) | 47,189 |
| Net realized loss | (522) | — | (6,003) |
| Carrying amount, end of year | $175,522 | $168,732 | $156,100 |
(1)Net change in unrealized gain (loss) consists of fair value adjustments for observable price changes of identical or similar investments or impairments.
The following table summarizes the cumulative gross unrealized gains and cumulative gross unrealized losses related to the Company’s investments under the measurement alternative:
| As of March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Cumulative gross unrealized gains | $70,235 | $69,058 | $50,713 |
| Cumulative gross unrealized losses | $(43,289) | $(43,289) | $— |
The Company performs qualitative impairment assessments at each quarter end on its investments recorded under the measurement alternative. As a result of this assessment as of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that a quantitative assessment was required to be performed for one of its investments given a significant decrease in earnings performance and overall economic and market conditions. The assessment indicated that the fair value was less than the carrying value at December 31, 2022. Prior to the impairment recorded, the carrying value of the investment was $74,189. The impairment amount was $43,289 and is included in non-operating (loss) gain in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended March 31, 2023. The fair value was estimated using Level 3 inputs with the significant input as shown in Note 5.
- Fair Value Measurement
The following tables summarize the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities recorded at fair value by fair value hierarchy level:
| As of March 31, 2024 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | NAV (2) | Total | |
| Financial assets: | |||||
| Fair value investments | $4,913 | $— | $13,071 | $— | $17,984 |
| Consolidated VIEs | |||||
| Fair value investments | — | — | — | — | — |
| Total financial assets | $4,913 | $— | $13,071 | $— | $17,984 |
| Financial liabilities: | |||||
| Secured financing(1) | $— | $— | $13,071 | $— | $13,071 |
| Total financial liabilities | $— | $— | $13,071 | $— | $13,071 |
| As of March 31, 2023 | |||||
| Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | NAV (2) | Total | |
| Financial assets: | |||||
| Fair value investments | $7,358 | $— | $14,228 | $— | $21,586 |
| Consolidated VIEs | |||||
| Fair value investments | — | — | 21,163 | 23,589 | 44,752 |
| Total financial assets | $7,358 | $— | $35,391 | $23,589 | $66,338 |
| Financial liabilities: | |||||
| Secured financing(1) | $— | $— | $14,228 | $— | $14,228 |
| Total financial liabilities | $— | $— | $14,228 | $— | $14,228 |
(1) Secured financing is recorded within other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(2) Investments are recorded at estimated fair value based upon the net asset value of the fund utilizing the practical expedient under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement.” The fair value amounts presented in this column are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in Note 4.
The following is a reconciliation of fair value investments for which significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were used in determining value:
| Private equity funds | Direct credit investments | Direct equity investments | Total investments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance as of March 31, 2022 | $7,024 | $774 | $6,020 | $13,818 |
| Contributions | 284 | — | — | 284 |
| Distributions | (1,283) | (25) | — | (1,308) |
| Net gain | 639 | 41 | 754 | 1,434 |
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | $6,664 | $790 | $6,774 | $14,228 |
| Contributions | 167 | — | — | 167 |
| Distributions | (656) | (798) | — | (1,454) |
| Net (loss) gain | (656) | 8 | 778 | 130 |
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $5,519 | $— | $7,552 | $13,071 |
The following is a reconciliation of investments held by our consolidated VIEs for which significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were used in determining value:
| Direct credit investments | |
|---|---|
| Balance as of March 31, 2022 | $— |
| Contributions | 21,275 |
| Distributions | (23) |
| Net loss | (89) |
| Balance as of March 31, 2023 | $21,163 |
| Contributions | 24,787 |
| Distributions | (180) |
| Net gain | 494 |
| Transfer in (1) | 23,117 |
| Transfer out(2) | (69,381) |
| Balance as of March 31, 2024 | $— |
(1) Represents amounts previously recorded at estimated fair value based upon the net asset value of the fund utilizing the practical expedient under ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurement.”.
(2) Represents assets held by a previously consolidated fund that was deconsolidated.
The valuation methodologies, significant unobservable inputs, range of inputs and the weighted average input determined based upon relative fair value of the investments used in recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of assets were as follows:
| March 31, 2024 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Significant | |||||||
| Fair · Valuation · Unobservable · Weighted | |||||||
| Value · Methodology · Inputs · Range · Average | |||||||
| Private equity funds | $5,519 | Adjusted net asset value | Selected market return | 5.1% | - | 19.2% | 7.9% |
| Direct equity investments | $7,552 | Market approach | EBITDA multiple | 7.50x | - | 16.00x | 12.14x |
| Market approach · Equity multiple · 1.6x · 1.6x | |||||||
| March 31, 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Significant | |||||||
| Fair · Valuation · Unobservable · Weighted | |||||||
| Value · Methodology · Inputs · Range · Average | |||||||
| Private equity funds | $6,664 | Adjusted net asset value | Selected market return | 4.9% | — | 10.4% | 9.1% |
| Direct credit investments | $790 | Discounted cash flow | Market yield | 12.4% | — | 12.4% | 12.4% |
| Direct equity investments | $6,774 | Market approach | EBITDA multiple | 8.25x | — | 14.5x | 11.77x |
| Market approach · Equity multiple · 1.7x · 1.7x | |||||||
| Investments of consolidated VIE | |||||||
| Direct credit investments | $21,163 | Recent precedent transactions | |||||
For the significant unobservable inputs listed in the table above, (1) a significant increase or decrease in the selected market return would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement, respectively; (2) a significant increase or decrease in the market yield would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement, respectively; and (3) a significant increase or decrease in the selected multiple would result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement, respectively.
- Variable Interest Entities
The Company holds variable interests in entities that are considered variable interest entities because limited partners lack the ability to remove the general partner or dissolve the entity without cause by simple majority vote (i.e., do not have substantive “kick out” or “liquidation” rights). The Company’s variable interest in such entities is in the form of direct equity interests in, and/or fee arrangements with, the Partnerships in which it also serves as the general partner or managing member. In the Company’s role as general partner or managing member, it generally considers itself the sponsor of the applicable Partnership and makes all investment and operating decisions. The Company consolidates VIEs in which it is determined that the Company is the primary beneficiary.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
The Company consolidates general partner entities of certain Partnerships that are not wholly-owned by the Company. The assets of the consolidated general partner VIEs represent equity method investments in direct investment funds and customized separate accounts. The assets may only be used to settle obligations of the respective consolidated VIEs, if any. In addition, there is no recourse to the Company for the consolidated VIEs’ liabilities, except for certain entities in which there could be a clawback of previously distributed carried interest.
The Company previously sponsored and consolidated HLAH through HL Alliance Holdings Sponsor LLC, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. On January 15, 2021, HLAH completed an IPO raising total gross proceeds of $276,000, which were placed in a trust and could only be utilized for funding a business combination or the redemption of Class A shares of HLAH. In a private placement concurrent with the IPO, HLAH sold warrants to HL Alliance Holdings Sponsor LLC for gross proceeds of $7,520, which were used by HLAH to pay the offering costs and also to provide working capital. On December 15, 2022, HLAH was liquidated, as it was determined that HLAH would be unable to consummate an initial business combination within the time period required by its governing documents. In connection with the liquidation, HLAH redeemed all of the outstanding shares of Class A common stock, cancelled all of the outstanding public and private warrants and settled all other outstanding liabilities.
The Company previously consolidated a Partnership in which it is was the primary beneficiary. On October 1, 2023, the Company no longer qualified as the primary beneficiary because of additional investors joining the fund, and deconsolidated all the assets and liabilities of the non-controlling interest in the Partnership from its consolidated financial statements. The impact of the deconsolidation on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended March 31, 2024 was not material. Subsequent to the deconsolidation of the Partnership, the Company records its interest in the Partnership using the equity method, within investments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entities
Certain Partnerships that are VIEs are not consolidated because the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary based upon the Company’s equity interest percentage in each of the applicable VIEs. As of March 31, 2024, the total remaining unfunded commitments from the Company’s general partner entities to the nonconsolidated VIEs was $156,579. Investor commitments are the primary source of financing for the nonconsolidated VIEs.
The maximum exposure to loss represents the potential loss of assets recognized by the Company relating to these unconsolidated entities. The Company believes that its maximum exposure to loss is limited because it establishes separate limited liability or limited partnership entities to serve as the general partner or managing member of the Partnerships.
The carrying value of assets and liabilities recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets related to the Company’s interests in these non-consolidated VIEs and the Company’s maximum exposure to loss relating to non-consolidated VIEs were as follows:
| March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Investments | $232,743 | $199,858 |
| Fees receivable | 61,694 | 15,829 |
| Due from related parties | 1,699 | 1,960 |
| Total VIE assets | 296,136 | 217,647 |
| Non-controlling interests | (1,918) | (1,665) |
| Maximum exposure to loss | $294,218 | $215,982 |
- Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment
Furniture, fixtures, and equipment consist of the following:
| March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Computer hardware and software | $14,050 | $9,764 |
| Furniture and fixtures | 5,209 | 4,244 |
| Leasehold improvements | 28,366 | 23,261 |
| Office equipment | 3,649 | 3,367 |
| 51,274 | 40,636 | |
| Less: accumulated depreciation | 18,261 | 12,211 |
| Furniture, fixtures, and equipment, net | $33,013 | $28,425 |
Depreciation expense was $6,485, $5,165 and $2,992 for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is included in general, administrative and other expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
- Debt
The Company’s debt consisted of the following:
| As of March 31, | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |||||
| Principal Outstanding | Carrying Value | Interest Rate | Principal Outstanding | Carrying Value | Interest Rate | |
| Term Loan | $96,875 | $96,531 | 7.25% | $99,375 | $98,969 | 6.75% |
| 2020 Multi-Draw Facility | 100,000 | 99,628 | 3.50% | 100,000 | 99,564 | 3.50% |
| Revolver | — | — | 15,000 | 15,000 | 6.50% | |
| Total Debt | $196,875 | $196,159 | $214,375 | $213,533 | ||
In October 2022, the Company modified its existing credit agreements. The modifications took the form of a new 2022 Multi-Draw Term Loan and Security Agreement (the “2022 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement”), as well as amendments to the existing Revolving Loan and Security Agreement (the “Revolving Loan Agreement”), Term Loan and Security Agreement (the “Term Loan Agreement”) and 2020 Multi-Draw Term Loan and Security Agreement (the “2020 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement”, and together with the 2022 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement, the Revolving Loan Agreement and the Term Loan Agreement, the “Loan Agreements”). The modifications extended the maturity dates of the Loan Agreements, increased the principal outstanding under the Term Loan Agreement to $100,000 and added borrowing capacity across the Loan Agreements, subject to an overall cap of $325,000 of loan principal outstanding. The obligations under the Loan Agreements are secured by substantially all of HLA’s personal property assets, subject to certain excluded assets. The Loan Agreements contain financial and operational covenants, events of default and remedies that the Company believes to be customary.
The Term Loan Agreement has a maturity date of January 1, 2030. The Revolving Loan Agreement has a $50,000 borrowing capacity, a maturity date of March 24, 2025, and the interest rate is a floating per annum rate equal to the prime rate minus 1.50% subject to a floor of 2.25%. The 2020 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement provides for a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $100,000 that the Company has fully drawn down. Borrowings accrue interest at a fixed per annum rate of 3.50% and mature on July 1, 2030. The 2022 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement provides for a term loan in the aggregate principal amount of $75,000. Borrowings accrue interest at a fixed per annum rate equal to the prime rate minus 1.50% subject to a floor of 3.00% and matures on October 1, 2029. As of March 31, 2024, the Company hadno borrowings outstanding under the 2022 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement.
The Loan Agreements contain covenants that, among other things, limit HLA’s ability to incur indebtedness, transfer or dispose of assets, merge with other companies, create, incur or allow liens, make investments, pay dividends or make distributions, engage in transactions with affiliates and take certain actions with respect to management fees. They also require HLA to maintain, among other requirements, (i) a specified amount of management fees, (ii) a specified amount of adjusted EBITDA, as defined therein, and (iii) a specified minimum tangible net worth, during the term of each of the Loan Agreements.
The aggregate minimum principal payments on the Company’s outstanding debt are due as follows:
| For the fiscal year ending March 31, | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $2,500 |
| 2026 | 7,500 |
| 2027 | 16,875 |
| 2028 | 27,500 |
| 2029 | 50,000 |
| Thereafter | 92,500 |
| Total | $196,875 |
The carrying value of the Company’s outstanding debt as of March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 approximated fair value except for amounts owed pursuant to the 2020 Multi-Draw Term Loan Agreement, which had an estimated fair value of $87,611 and $88,136 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The estimated fair value of debt is based on then-current market rates for similar debt instruments and is classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.
- Equity
The Company hastwo classes of common stock outstanding, Class A common stock and Class B common stock.
Class A common stock
Holders of Class A common stock are entitled toone vote for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders. Additionally, holders of shares of Class A common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred stock.
Class B common stock
Holders of Class B common stock are entitled toten votes for each share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, but havede minimis economic rights. Holders of Class B units of HLA hold shares of Class B common stock at aone-to-one ratio. Class B units (together with the corresponding shares of Class B common stock) may be exchanged for shares of Class A common stock on aone-to-one basis, or, at the Company’s election, for cash in an amount equal to the net proceeds from the sale of shares of Class A common stock equal to the number of shares of Class B common stock being exchanged, subject to certain restrictions.
Shares of Common Stock Outstanding
The following table shows a rollforward of our common stock outstanding:
| Class A | Class B | |
|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2021 | 36,290,183 | 16,739,846 |
| Shares issued (repurchased) in connection with offerings | 877,400 | (695,505) |
| Shares issued in connection with ESPP | 24,931 | — |
| Shares repurchased for employee tax withholdings | (43,934) | — |
| Forfeitures | (7,420) | (10,982) |
| Restricted stock granted | 139,537 | — |
| March 31, 2022 | 37,280,697 | 16,033,359 |
| Shares issued (repurchased) in connection with offering | 586,737 | (539,237) |
| Shares issued in connection with ESPP | 34,655 | — |
| Shares repurchased for employee tax withholdings | (37,372) | — |
| Forfeitures | (9,295) | (84,615) |
| Restricted stock granted | 756,497 | — |
| March 31, 2023 | 38,611,919 | 15,409,507 |
| Shares issued (repurchased) in connection with offering | 1,867,322 | (1,744,872) |
| Shares issued in connection with ESPP | 27,179 | — |
| Shares repurchased for employee tax withholdings | (38,557) | — |
| Forfeitures | (54,595) | — |
| Restricted stock granted | 134,538 | — |
| March 31, 2024 | 40,547,806 | 13,664,635 |
Income and equity allocations to non-controlling interests are based upon the relative ownership percentage of the consolidated VIE held by non-controlling owners. The reallocation adjustment between HLI stockholders’ equity and non-controlling interests in HLA relates to the impact of changes in economic ownership percentages during the period and adjusting previously recorded equity transactions to the economic ownership percentage as of the end of each reporting period.
HLA Operating Agreement
In accordance with the limited liability company agreement of HLA (the “HLA Operating Agreement”), profits and losses from HLA are allocated on a pro rata basis based upon each member’s economic interests. The HLA Operating Agreement provides that distributions are made on a pro rata basis to pay income taxes owed by the members on their share of HLA’s taxable income. In addition to these tax distributions, HLA made distributions in excess of required tax distributions to members in an aggregate amount of $43,053, $39,733, and $36,979 for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
March 2024 Offering
In March 2024, the Company and a selling stockholder completed a registered offering of an aggregate of 1,922,322 shares of Class A common stock at a price to the underwriter of $108.00 per share (the “March 2024 Offering”). The shares sold consisted of 55,000 shares held by the selling stockholder and 1,867,322 shares newly issued by the Company. The Company received $201,671 in net proceeds from the sale of its shares and used all of the proceeds to settle exchanges by certain members of HLA of a total of 1,744,872 Class B units and 122,450 Class C units. In connection with the exchange of the Class B units, the Company also repurchased for par value and canceled a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
March 2023 Offering
In March 2023, the Company and a selling stockholder completed a registered offering of an aggregate of 671,737 shares of Class A common stock at a price to the underwriter of $76.41 per share (the “March 2023 Offering”). The shares sold consisted of 100,000 shares held by the selling stockholder and 571,737 shares newly issued by the Company. The Company received $43,686 in net proceeds from the sale of its shares and used all of the proceeds to settle exchanges by certain members of HLA of a total of 539,237 Class B units and 32,500 Class C units. In connection with the exchange of the Class B units, the Company also repurchased for par value and canceled a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholder.
September 2021 Offering
In September 2021, the Company and certain selling stockholders completed a registered offering of an aggregate of 950,751 shares of Class A common stock at a price to the underwriter of $84.15 per share. The shares sold consisted of 73,351 shares held by the selling stockholders and 877,400 shares newly issued by the Company. The Company received $73,833 in net proceeds from the sale of its shares and used all of the proceeds to settle exchanges by certain members of HLA of a total of 695,505 Class B units and 181,895 Class C units. In connection with the exchange of the Class B units, the Company also repurchased for par value and canceled a corresponding number of shares of Class B common stock. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders.
- Equity Based Compensation
2017 Equity Incentive Plan
The Company has adopted its 2017 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the “Plan”), which permits the issuance of up to 5,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, which may be granted as incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, performance stock, restricted stock units or performance stock units. Awards under the Plan generally vest over four years, with options expiring not more thanten years from the date of grant, three months after termination of employment orone year after the date of death or termination due to disability of the grantee. As of March 31, 2024, there were 2,413,491 shares of Class A common stock available to grant under the Plan. Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, awards may not be granted after February 28, 2027.
Restricted Stock
Holders of restricted stock have all of the rights of a stockholder with respect to such shares, including the right to vote the shares but not the right to receive dividends or other distributions. Substantially all of the awards vest over four years in equal annual installments. On each vesting date, the related employee tax liabilities are either paid in cash by the employee or stock is sold back to the Company at the then-current fair value to offset the required minimum tax withholding obligations. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur. Compensation expense related to the awards is recognized ratably each month over the vesting period.
The change in unvested restricted stock for the year ended March 31, 2024 is as follows:
| TotalUnvested | Weighted-AverageGrant-DateFair Value ofAward | |
|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2023 | 377,668 | $65.70 |
| Granted | 134,538 | $105.48 |
| Vested | (133,615) | $65.88 |
| Forfeited | (15,463) | $66.60 |
| March 31, 2024 | 363,128 | $80.34 |
The weighted-average grant-date fair value per share of restricted stock awarded during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $105.48, $61.36, and $73.20, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock that vested during the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $14,122, $8,029, and $10,923, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock was $27,889 with a weighted-average amortization period of 3.1 years.
The total tax (expense) benefit recognized from share-based compensation for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $(125), $(115) and $552, respectively.
Performance Awards
In September 2022, the Company granted performance stock awards to certain employees that are subject to both a market-based vesting and a service-based vesting condition (“Performance Awards”). The Performance Awards will vest based upon (i) the market price of HLI Class A common stock achieving certain price thresholds from $150 per share to $230 per share and (ii) continued employment through the date the price target is met (with a minimum offive years of service required after the grant date for vesting). If the price target is met prior to the fifth anniversary of the grant date, the vesting date will be the fifth anniversary of the grant date. Holders of the Performance Awards do not participate in dividends until such awards have met both their market-based and service-based vesting requirements.
Due to the existence of the service requirement, the vesting period for these awards will vary with each respective tranche as the employees must be employed with the Company on the date the market requirement is met with a minimum offive years of service required after the grant date for vesting. As such, compensation expense will be recognized ratably for each vesting tranche from the grant date to the end for the employee’s service period. The fair value of the awards granted are based on a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model.
A summary of Performance Award activity for the year ended March 31, 2024 is presented below:
| TotalUnvested | Weighted-AverageGrant-DateFair Value ofAward | |
|---|---|---|
| March 31, 2023 | 528,282 | $29.79 |
| Granted | — | $— |
| Vested | — | $— |
| Forfeited | (39,132) | $29.79 |
| March 31, 2024 | 489,150 | $29.79 |
Below is a summary of the grant date fair value based on the Monte Carlo simulation valuation model and the significant assumptions used to estimate the grant date fair value of the Performance Awards granted September 16, 2022:
| September 2022 | |
|---|---|
| Grant Date Fair Value | $29.79 |
| Closing share price as of grant date | 69.67 |
| Risk Free Rate | 3.6% |
| Volatility | 37.0% |
| Dividend Yield | 2.3% |
As of March 31, 2024, total estimated unrecognized expense related to the unvested Performance Awards was $10,077, andnone of the Performance Awards had met their market price based vesting condition.
Employee Share Purchase Plan
On September 6, 2018, the Company’s stockholders approved the Hamilton Lane Incorporated Employee Share Purchase Plan (as amended, the “ESPP”). The ESPP allows eligible employees to elect to purchase the Company’s Class A common stock via paycheck deductions. The purchase price is 85% of the closing price of the Company’s Class A common stock on the last trading day of each offering period, which begins the first day of each fiscal quarter and ends on the last day of that fiscal quarter. Our initial offering period started January 1, 2019. At inception, there were 1,000,000 shares available for purchase through the ESPP and
857,328 shares were available as of March 31, 2024. The benefit received by the employees, which is equal to a 15% discount on the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock purchased, is recognized as equity-based compensation expense on the date of each purchase. During the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded expense of $397, $342 and $330, respectively, related to the ESPP.
- Compensation and Benefits
The Company has recorded the following amounts related to compensation and benefits:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Base compensation and benefits | $166,394 | $149,318 | $108,395 |
| Incentive fee compensation | 25,477 | 39,144 | 13,366 |
| Equity-based compensation | 12,133 | 9,950 | 7,404 |
| Total compensation and benefits | $204,004 | $198,412 | $129,165 |
The Company provides defined contribution plans covering eligible employees subject to minimum age and service guidelines. Eligible employees may contribute a percentage of their annual compensation subject to statutory guidelines. The Company makes discretionary and/or matching contributions to the plans, which amounted to $4,341, $2,709, and $2,251 for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and is included in compensation and benefits expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
- Income Tax
The Company’s income before income taxes consisted of the following:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Domestic income before income taxes | $276,021 | $236,198 | $309,918 |
| Foreign income before income taxes | 5,640 | 6,412 | 3,758 |
| Total income before income taxes | $281,661 | $242,610 | $313,676 |
Components of income tax expense consist of the following:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Current: | |||
| Federal | $31,551 | $28,829 | $36,206 |
| State and local | 4,395 | 5,075 | 5,676 |
| Foreign | 1,811 | 1,068 | 597 |
| Total current income tax expense | $37,757 | $34,972 | $42,479 |
| Deferred: | |||
| Federal | $13,148 | $15,073 | $19,947 |
| State and local | 3,556 | 4,694 | 3,893 |
| Foreign | (7) | 686 | 104 |
| Total deferred income tax expense | 16,697 | 20,453 | 23,944 |
| Total income tax expense | $54,454 | $55,425 | $66,423 |
A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate is as follows:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Federal tax at statutory rate | 21.0% | 21.0% | 21.0% |
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit | 2.8% | 3.4% | 3.3% |
| Non-controlling interest | (6.4)% | (6.8)% | (6.8)% |
| Valuation allowance | 1.6% | 3.5% | 4.6% |
| Other | 0.3% | 1.7% | (0.9)% |
| Effective tax rate | 19.3% | 22.8% | 21.2% |
The significant components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
| Year Ended March 31, | ||
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | |
| Deferred tax assets: | ||
| Basis difference in HLA | $293,824 | $261,087 |
| Tax Receivable Agreement | 57,636 | 49,659 |
| Fixed assets | 63 | 24 |
| Net operating loss carryforwards | 0 | 37 |
| Valuation allowance | (90,541) | (77,207) |
| State taxes | 141 | 313 |
| Other | 764 | (1) |
| Total deferred tax assets | $261,887 | $233,912 |
As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of $0 and $169.
In connection with the March 2024 Offering and related unit exchanges, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset in the amount of $44,656, which is net of a valuation allowance of $6,831 related to the portion of tax benefits that is more likely than not will not be realized. Additionally, in connection with recording the deferred tax asset for the March 2024 Offering and related unit exchanges, the Company recorded a payable to related parties pursuant to the tax receivable agreement of $37,526.
The Company believes it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets (except those identified above) will be realized based on the Company’s forecasted income. The net change in the valuation allowance was an increase of $13,334.
As of March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company hadno unrecognized tax positions. The Company does not expect any material increase or decrease in its gross unrecognized tax positions during the next twelve months. If and when the Company does record unrecognized tax positions in the future, any interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions will be recorded in the income tax expense line in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The Company files income tax returns as required by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of business, the Company may be subject to examination by federal and certain state and local tax authorities. As of March 31, 2024, the Company’s income tax returns from 2020 remain open and are subject to examination.
The Company has recorded a liability related to the tax receivable agreement of $201,422 and $174,702 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Payments of $11,123 and $10,345 were made during the years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In the event that the valuation allowance related to tax benefits associated with the tax receivable agreement is released in a future period, an additional estimated payable will be due to the TRA Recipients of $18,346.
- Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to HLI by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to HLI by the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding adjusted to give effect to potentially dilutive securities.
Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock do not share in the earnings or losses attributable to HLI, and, therefore, are not participating securities. As a result, a separate presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share of Class B common stock under the two-class method has not been included. Shares of the Company’s Class B common stock are, however, considered potentially dilutive to the Class A common stock because the Class B units to which the Class B common stock corresponds are exchangeable for shares of Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis, at which time the share of Class B common stock is surrendered in exchange for a payment of its par value.
The following table sets forth reconciliations of the numerators and denominators used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share of Class A common stock:
| Year Ended March 31, | ||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 |
| Basic net income per share: | ||
|---|---|---|
| Numerator | ||
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Net income attributable to HLI | $140,858 | $109,120 | $145,986 |
| Less: Impact of changes in carrying amount of redeemable non-controlling interests | — | 3,808 | 951 |
| Net income attributable to Class A common stockholders - basic | $140,858 | $112,928 | $146,937 |
| Denominator | |||
| Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic | 37,858,177 | 37,059,654 | 36,511,507 |
| Basic earnings per share | $3.72 | $3.05 | $4.02 |
| Diluted earnings per share: | |||
| Numerator | |||
| Net income attributable to Class A common stockholders - basic | $140,858 | $112,928 | $146,937 |
| Adjustment to net income: | |||
| Assumed vesting of employee awards | 90 | 2 | 121 |
| Assumed conversion of Class B and Class C Units | 58,209 | 48,813 | 66,666 |
| Net income attributable to Class A common stockholders - diluted | $199,157 | $161,743 | $213,724 |
| Denominator | |||
| Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - basic | 37,858,177 | 37,059,654 | 36,511,507 |
| Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities: | |||
| Assumed vesting of employee awards | 82,742 | 1,773 | 97,531 |
| Assumed conversion of Class B and Class C Units | 15,961,548 | 16,637,254 | 17,065,255 |
| Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding - diluted | 53,902,467 | 53,698,681 | 53,674,293 |
| Diluted earnings per share | $3.69 | $3.01 | $3.98 |
The adjustments to net income for dilutive securities are based upon the additional income that would be allocated to HLI for the change in its ownership percentage due to the dilutive securities and adjusted for the incremental income tax expense related to the additional allocated income. Net income (loss) recorded by HLI on a standalone basis will determine if the Class B and Class C units are dilutive or antidilutive in each respective period.
The calculations of diluted earnings per share excludes the following:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Performance Awards | 489,150 | 528,282 | — |
- Related-Party Transactions
The Company considers its employees, directors, and equity method investments to be related parties.
Revenue and Receivables
The Company has investment management agreements with various specialized funds and customized separate accounts that it manages. The Company earned management and advisory fees from Partnerships of $350,792, $270,710, and $209,977 for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The Company earned incentive fees from Partnerships of $97,860, $154,578, and $43,742 for the years ended March 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Fees receivable from the Partnerships were $91,317 and $31,684 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and are included in fees receivable in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
- Supplemental Cash Flow Information
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Non-cash operating activities: | |||
| Cash paid during the year for interest | $11,049 | $8,467 | $4,591 |
| Cash paid during the year for income taxes | $39,758 | $50,880 | $33,682 |
| Establishment of lease liability in exchange for ROU asset | $5,903 | $2,346 | $7,950 |
| Deconsolidation of net liabilities held by deconsolidated fund | $6,095 | $— | $— |
| Non-cash investing activities: | |||
| Deconsolidation of investments held by deconsolidated fund | $103,990 | $— | $— |
| Transfer of equity method investment in Partnerships from deconsolidated fund | $32,018 | $— | $— |
| Conversion of note receivable | $— | $550 | $— |
| Establishment of receivable for intangible assets sold | $— | $6,776 | $— |
| Non-cash purchase of other equity method investment | $2,000 | $— | $— |
| Non-cash financing activities: | |||
| Establishment of net deferred tax assets related to tax receivable agreement | $37,526 | $9,299 | $16,996 |
| Dividends declared but not paid | $17,628 | $15,049 | $12,947 |
| Members’ distributions declared but not paid | $23,815 | $15,723 | $27,119 |
- Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation
In the ordinary course of business, the Company may be subject to various legal, regulatory, and/or administrative proceedings from time to time. Although there can be no assurance of the outcome of such proceedings, in the opinion of management, the Company does not believe it is probable that any pending or, to its knowledge, threatened legal proceeding or claim would individually or in the aggregate materially affect its consolidated financial statements.
Incentive Fees
The Partnerships have allocated carried interest still subject to contingencies that did not meet the Company’s criteria for revenue recognition in the amounts of $1,221,488 and $1,022,250, net of amounts attributable to non-controlling interests, at March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
If the Company ultimately receives the unrecognized carried interest, a total of $305,372 and $255,562 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, would potentially be payable to certain employees and third parties pursuant to compensation arrangements related to carried interest profit-sharing plans. Such amounts have not been recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets or Consolidated Statements of Income as the payment is not yet probable.
Leases
The Company’s leases consist primarily of operating leases for office space and office equipment in various locations around the world, which have remaining lease terms ofone year to 14 years. Some leases have the option to extend for an additional term or terminate early. Short-term lease costs are not material.
The following table shows lease costs and other supplemental information related to the Company’s operating leases:
| Year Ended March 31, | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | |
| Operating lease costs | $8,972 | $7,943 | $9,675 |
| Variable lease costs | $1,442 | $1,475 | $1,196 |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities | $8,995 | $8,302 | $6,734 |
| Weighted average remaining lease term (in years) | 12.6 | 13.8 | 14.6 |
| Weighted average discount rate | 3.5% | 3.3% | 3.2% |
As of March 31, 2024, the maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:
| For the fiscal year ending March 31, | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | $8,834 |
| 2026 | 8,347 |
| 2027 | 7,979 |
| 2028 | 7,316 |
| 2029 | 6,499 |
| Thereafter | 58,871 |
| Total lease payments | $97,846 |
| Less: imputed interest | (18,813) |
| Total operating lease liabilities | $79,033 |
Commitments
The Company serves as the investment manager of the Partnerships. The general partner or managing member of each Partnership is generally a separate subsidiary of the Company and has agreed to invest funds on the same basis as the limited partners in most instances. The Company’s aggregate unfunded commitment to the Partnerships was $267,734 and $211,556 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The Company has an unrealized net gain on its non-fund investments of $29,677 as of March 31, 2024, of which up to 15% may be paid as a discretionary bonus as those gains are realized.
The Company offers an Employee Investment Program (“EIP”) through which certain employees are able to invest directly into certain Company managed funds as individual limited partners (“LPs”). The employees also have an option to enter into a loan agreement with the Company or a third-party lender to fund committed capital. The loan is collateralized by the underlying LPs’ interest in the fund and return of capital distributions are utilized to pay the outstanding loan balance. The Company entered into a separate agreement with the third-party lender to backstop the employee’s performance under the loan with a commitment to purchase the LP interest from the lender at the greater of fair value or the outstanding balance of the loan in the event of a default by the employee. As of March 31, 2024, the total amount of outstanding loans at the third-party lender under the EIP was $995, and the Company believes the risk of default by an employee to be remote.
- Acquisitions
On April 1, 2021, the Company acquired substantially all the assets of 361 Capital, LLC for a total aggregate cash amount of $13,096, of which $10,096 was paid on the closing date of the acquisition. The remaining $3,000 was paid intwo equal installments on the first and second anniversaries of the closing. The first anniversary payment of $1,500 was paid during the year ended March 31, 2023 and the final anniversary payment was made during the year ended March 31, 2024. The purchase price based upon the fair value of consideration transferred at the date of acquisition is $12,946. The Company recorded $7,145 of definite lived intangible assets related primarily to the acquired investment management contracts, which will be amortized over seven years, and $5,623 of goodwill, which are both recorded in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining assets acquired and liabilities assumed are not material to the consolidated financial statements.
In December 2022, the Company finalized the transfer of the acquired investment management contracts to a third party for an agreed upon percentage of the respective funds’ management fees over two calendar years. The Company recognized a gain of $2,771 on the sale of the investment management contracts that is recorded in non-operating (loss) income in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended March 31, 2023.
- Subsequent Event
On May 23, 2024, the Company announced a quarterly dividend of $0.49 per share of Class A common stock to record holders at the close of business on June 14, 2024. The payment date will be July 5, 2024.
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.