ROKU, INC

14. INCOME TAXES

Income tax benefit was $5.8 million and $9.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Income tax benefit was $18.9 million and $4.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

The decrease in income tax benefit for the three months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to three months ended June 30, 2024 is primarily due to the differences in tax benefit from the release of jurisdictional valuation allowances in each period.

The increase in income tax benefit for the six months ended June 30, 2025 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2024 is primarily due to U.S. current income tax benefit expected to be realized during the year from year-to-date losses and the differences in tax benefit from the release of jurisdictional valuation allowances in each period.

A valuation allowance must be established for deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that they will not be realized. As of June 30, 2025, the Company analyzed all available objective evidence, both positive and negative, and believes it is more-likely-than-not that some deferred tax assets will not be realizable. Accordingly, the Company continues to provide a valuation allowance against its U.S. deferred tax assets.