UNITED BANCORP INC OH

Overview

United Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: UBCP) reported diluted earnings per share of $0.42 for the three months ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $0.02, or 5.00%, over the quarterly earnings reported for the same period in 2022. For the year ending December 31, 2023, UBCP reported diluted earnings per share of $1.57, an increase of $0.07, or 4.7%, over the previous year.

We are exceedingly pleased to report on the earnings performance of United Bancorp, Inc. (UBCP) for the fourth quarter and year ended December 31, 2023. For the quarter, our Company achieved solid net income and diluted earnings per share results of $2,389,000 and $0.42, which were respective increases of $83,000, or 3.6%, and $0.02, or 5.0%, over the results achieved during the fourth quarter of last year. For the year ended December 31, 2023, our Company produced net income of $8,950,000 and diluted earnings per share of $1.57, increases over the results achieved for each the prior year of $293,000, or 3.4%, and $0.07, or 4.7%, respectively. As we have previously reported, UBCP was been able to capitalize on the historically extreme tightening of monetary policy undertaken by the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve (FOMC) over the course of a short period of sixteen months, over which timeframe the target for the Federal Funds Rate rapidly rose from a range of 25 to 50 basis points in March 2022 to a range of 5.25% to 5.50% as of July 2023 (and, remaining at this level through year-end). Although it has been somewhat challenging to produce improving results in such a fast-paced, increasing interest rate environment, our Company was properly positioned to take advantage of this historic and dramatic increase in interest rates over the course of the past twenty-one months and, accordingly, we experienced an improvement in the level of net interest income that we generated, once again, this past year ending, December 31, 2023.

We are grateful to see that our net interest income and net interest margin levels have either increased or remained very stable with only minimal declines in the current, dynamic economic and monetary policy environment in which we are operating. We have achieved this positive result by seeing our overall loan portfolio yield increase in the current rising rate environment, even though from a volume perspective, our average loans were relatively flat, only increasing for the year-ended December 31, 2023 by $920,000 or 0.20%. Of note is that our Company did see a more significant uptick in gross loans toward the end of the fourth quarter by $22.4 million, or 4.9%, to a level of $483.2 million as of December 31, 2023. More strongly contributing to the improvement in our net interest income level achieved and our stabile net interest margin in 2023 were our higher balance sheet totals for both our average Cash and due from the Federal Reserve Bank and average investment securities. Our overnight funds, that are parked in cash-equivalents, have benefited from the inverted yield curve that we have experienced over the course of the past year, which has been driven by the aggressive tightening policy of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). As of December 31, 2023, the average balance of these overnight, liquid funds totaled $64.8 million, an increase of $11.8 million, or 22.3%, over the previous year, and yielded approximately 5.4% for our Company after the final increase in the target for the federal funds rate by the FOMC in July of this past year. Each time the FOMC increased the target for the federal funds rate, our Company benefited by seeing the yield on these liquid funds increase by a like amount. The most impactful force upon our Company’s improving level of net interest income in 2023 was the increased balance in our investment securities portfolio in the rising rate environment that we continued to experience. As we have previously stated, we did not invest in securities for almost two years beginning in March of 2020, when rates dramatically decreased due to the Zero Interest Rate policy implemented by the FOMC due to the pandemic. Quite simply, we patiently waited for policy tightening by the FOMC to begin and rates to increase to more historically normalized levels. Accordingly, our Company started to, once again, invest in securities when rates began to rise to more appealing levels toward the end of the first quarter of 2022 and continued to regularly invest in new security offerings until March of 2023, when challenges arose for our industry and liquidity became more of a focus for us. On a year - over - year basis, average securities for our Company increased by $56.6 million to a level of $245.7 million. In addition, even with our Company’s higher investment level in securities in 2023, as of December 31, 2023, our accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes (AOCI) actually declined on a year-over-year basis by $1.9 million, or 20.0%, to a level of $7.5 million. On a linked-quarter basis,

the decline in our AOCI was $9.5 million or 56.1%. With this year-over-year decline in AOCI, our tangible shareholders equity increased to a level of $62.7 million, an increase of $4.1 million, or 6.9%, and our tangible book value increased to $10.66, an increase of $0.74, or 7.5%, both on a year-over-year basis. Also, on a linked-quarter basis, our tangible shareholder equity increased by $11.1 million, or 21.5%, and our tangible book value increased by $1.89 or 21.6%. Overall, our Company continues to be considered well-capitalized from a regulatory perspective with equity to assets of 7.8%, which is up from 6.5% at the end of the third quarter of 2023. With the overall quality of our investment portfolio, our well capitalized position, our solid liquidity position and our low level of uninsured deposits (which were 16.8% of total deposits as of December 31, 2023), we firmly believe that any issues which could potentially create a risk to our capital and capital position are very minimal.

Even with the continued heightened inflation levels and related increases in interest rates that may be impacting some of our borrowers with higher operating costs and rate resets to higher interest rate levels on their loans, we have successfully maintained credit-related strength and stability within our loan portfolio as of year-end. As of December 31, 2023, our Company’s total nonaccrual loans and loans past due 30 plus days were $1.15 million, or 0.24%, which is a slight increase of $539,000 year-over-year. Nonaccrual loans and OREO to average assets was 0.47%, a decrease of two basis points over the previous year. Also, further highlighting the overall strength of our loan portfolio, our Company had net loans charged off of (-$19,000), or a net loan recovery, in 2023. All of the charge off activity that our Company experienced this past year related to overdraft activity, which totaled $120,000 for the year. With the enhanced credit loss reserve build-up under CECL that occurred on January 1, 2023 (and, our Company’s stable and solid credit quality metrics), we were able to have a negative provision for credit losses in the fourth quarter of $154,000, which relative to the fourth quarter of last year added approximately $133,000 to net income and $0.02 to diluted earnings per share. For the year ending December 31, 2023, though, our Company’s provision for credit losses increased (although it was still negative for the entire year) by $501,000 over the previous year, which reduced net income and diluted earnings per share by respective amounts of $396,000 and $0.07, relative to the prior year. We are very happy that we were able to overcome the lower level of negative credit provisioning in the current year while maintaining a total allowance for credit losses to total loans of 0.81% and having a total allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loans of 804%. Overall, we firmly believe that we are presently well reserved with very strong coverage.

Considering the exceedingly dynamic economic and monetary policy environments in which we have operated for almost two years and the more recent issues which have impacted our industry since mid-March, we are very happy to report on the very strong earnings performance that United Bancorp, Inc. (UBCP) achieved for the year ended December 31, 2023. Relating to the excessive tightening of our country’s monetary policy during this aforementioned timeframe, we are extremely pleased that we have been able to grow the level

of interest income that our Company generated while controlling overall interest expense levels; thereby, expanding the level of net interest income that we realized and having a stable net interest margin. This is somewhat of a counter-trend to what occurred within our industry over this same period. With the aforementioned developments that occurred within our industry late in the first quarter of 2023, we transitioned into a more conservative operating position that greatly increased our overall liquidity and locked in a fair portion of our funding as a hedge against further interest rate increases by taking a $75.0 million advance from the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). Initially, this significant advance had somewhat of a dilutive impact on our returns and margins (such as our return on assets and our net interest margin); but, it was immediately accretive to our bottom-line earnings. Since rates have continued to rise since the origination of this now competitively priced advance (to which we locked in on a blended basis at a rate of approximately 4.24% for an approximate term of four years), we have been able to more selectively manage our depository portfolio; thus, helping us to control our interest expense, while maintaining very adequate liquidity levels and generating increasing returns on this strategic posture. Overall, our capital levels remain very strong and our Company is classified as being well-capitalized based on industry standards. We firmly believe with our strong liquidity, our relatively stable core deposits base with minimal levels of uninsured deposits and our solid earnings our risk to capital is very low, and, fundamentally, our Company’s financial position and future prospects are very solid.

Our primary focus is protecting the investment of our shareholders in our Company and rewarding them in a balanced fashion by growing their value and paying an attractive cash dividend. In the fourth quarter, we paid a regular cash dividend of $0.17, which was an increase of $0.01, or 6.3%, over that paid in the fourth quarter of the previous year. At December 31, 2023, on a year-over-year basis, our total cash dividend payout was $0.8150, which included a special cash dividend of $0.15 paid in the first quarter. This is a 5.2% increase over the total cash dividend paid during the previous year and produces a near-industry leading total dividend yield of 6.4%, considering our Company’s year-ending market value of $12.84. Even though our fair market value decreased year-over-year (as did the fair market value of most financial institution stocks), our Company still had a market price to tangible book value of 121%, which compares favorably to industry standards as of year-end.

Considering that we continue to operate in a challenging economic and concerning industry-related environment, we are very pleased with our overall present performance and future prospects. Even with the present threats with which our overall industry is exposed, we are very optimistic about the future growth and earnings potential for United Bancorp, Inc. (UBCP). We firmly believe that with the challenges that our industry has experienced over the course of the past few years, our Company has evolved into a more fundamentally sound organization with a focus of growing to achieve greater efficiencies and scales, while controlling overall costs. We have invested in areas that will lead to our continued and future relevancy within our industry along with anticipated higher revenue generation while implementing cost control initiatives, where needed, by consolidating delivery channels in markets in which we had low banking center performance and considerable overlap. We still have a vision of growing UBCP to an asset threshold of $1.0 billion or greater in the near term in a prudent and profitable fashion. Excitingly, our Company announced in the third quarter that we have plans to open a new regional banking center in the very appealing market of Wheeling, West Virginia. We anticipate breaking ground on this exciting new regional banking center toward the end of the first quarter of the current year. Our Company already has a very solid customer base in the Wheeling, West Virginia- market, which we firmly believe we can more fully leverage to help us achieve our growth goals in a profitable fashion. We are truly excited about our Company’s direction and the potential that it brings. In addition, we will continue to build upon our solid foundation and maintain a longer-term vision. With a keen focus on continual process improvement, product development and delivery, we firmly believe the future for our Company is very bright.