Orion Group Holdings Inc

Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021

(Tabular Amounts in thousands, Except Share and per Share Amounts)

**1.**Description of Business and Basis of Presentation

Description of Business

Orion Group Holdings, Inc. and subsidiaries, (hereafter collectively referred to as the “Company”), is a leading specialty construction company serving the infrastructure, industrial, and building sectors, providing services both on and off the water in the continental United States, Alaska, Hawaii, Canada and the Caribbean Basin through its marine segment and its concrete segment. Our marine segment provides construction and dredging services including marine transportation facility construction, marine pipeline construction, marine environmental structures construction, dredging of waterways, channels and ports, environmental dredging, design, and specialty services related to marine construction, fabrication, and dredging. Our concrete segment provides turnkey concrete construction services including concrete surface place and finish, site preparation, layout, forming, and rebar placement for large commercial, structural and other associated business areas. We are headquartered in Houston, Texas with regional offices throughout our operating areas.

Although we describe the business in this report in terms of the services the Company provides, its base of customers and the areas in which it operates, the Company has determined that its operations currently comprisetwo reportable segments pursuant to Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 280,Segment Reporting.

The tools used by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to allocate resources and assess performance are based ontwo reportable and operating segments: marine and concrete, which operate under the Orion brand and logo.

In making this determination, the Company considered the similar economic characteristics of its operations that comprise its marine segment. For the marine segment, the methods used, and the internal processes employed, to deliver marine construction services are similar throughout the segment, including standardized estimating, project controls and project management. This segment has the same customers with similar funding drivers and are subject to similar regulatory regimes driven through Federal agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”), among others. Additionally, the segment is driven by macro-economic considerations including the level of import/export seaborne transportation, development of energy-related infrastructure, cruise line expansion and operations, marine bridge infrastructure development, waterway pipeline crossings and the maintenance of waterways. These considerations, and others, are key catalysts for future prospects and are similar across the segment.

For the concrete segment, the Company also considered the similar economic characteristics of these operations. The methods used, and the internal processes employed, to deliver concrete construction services are similar throughout the segment, including standardized estimating, project controls and project management. The projects of this segment are subject to similar regulatory regimes such as OSHA. Additionally, this segment is driven by macro-economic considerations, including movements in population, commercial real estate development, institutional funding and expansion, and recreational development, specifically in metropolitan areas of Texas. These considerations, and others, are key catalysts for current operations and future prospects and are similar across the segment.

Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the parent company, Orion Group Holdings, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP on the going concern basis of accounting, which assumes the Company will continue to operate as a going concern and which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

In connection with preparing consolidated financial statements for each annual and interim reporting period, the Company is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Substantial doubt exists when conditions and events, considered in aggregate, indicate that it is probable that a company will be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that the consolidated financial

statements are issued. This evaluation initially does not take into consideration the potential mitigating effect of management’s plans and actions that have not been fully implemented as of the date that the financial statements are issued. When substantial doubt exists, management evaluates whether the mitigating effect of its plans sufficiently alleviates substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The mitigating effect of management’s plans, however, is only considered if both: (1) it is probable that the plans will be effectively implemented within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued; and (2) it is probable that the plans, when implemented, will mitigate the relevant conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Generally, to be considered probable of being effectively implemented, the plans must have been approved before the date that the financial statements are issued.

The assessment of the liquidity and going concern requires the Company to make estimates of future activity and judgments about whether the Company is compliant with financial covenant calculations under its debt and other agreements and has adequate liquidity to operate. Significant assumptions used in the Company's forecasted model of liquidity include forecasted sales, costs, and capital expenditures and expected timing and proceeds of planned real estate transactions. The Company has sustained operating losses for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Also as described in Note 10, the Company had $35.0 million of outstanding indebtedness under its prior credit facility as of December 31, 2022 which was scheduled to mature on July 31, 2023. As of the date of the filing of the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K on March 16, 2023, the Company’s existing cash and cash equivalents were not sufficient to satisfy the Company’s operating cash needs for at least one year after the issuance of the financial statements. These conditions raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements were issued. As such, management concluded at the date of the issuance of the financial statements included in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K that substantial doubt existed as to going concern.

At the beginning of 2023, the Company began a process to refinance the outstanding debt. On May 15, 2023, the Company entered into a newthree-year $103.0 million senior secured credit facility (the “Credit Agreement”) with White Oak ABL, LLC and White Oak Commercial Finance, LLC (collectively, “White Oak”) which includes a $65.0 million asset based revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) and a $38.0 million fixed asset term loan (the “Term Loan”). See Note 10 for more information regarding the debt refinancing.

Based on an assessment of the completion of the debt refinancing process and the other factors above, management believes that the Company will have adequate liquidity for its operations for at least the next 12 months. Therefore, management’s conclusion is that the conditions that previously raised substantial doubt have been resolved and substantial doubt is no longer raised as to the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

**2.**Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management’s estimates, judgments and assumptions are continually evaluated based on available information and experience; however, actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates the significant accounting policies used to prepare its consolidated financial statements, including, but not limited to, those related to:

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s revenue is derived from contracts to provide marine construction, dredging, turnkey concrete services, and other specialty services. The Company’s projects are typically brief in duration, but occasionally, span a period of over one year. The Company determines the appropriate accounting treatment for each contract before work begins and, subject to qualifications discussed in the next paragraph, records contract revenue over time.

Performance obligations are promises in a contract to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer and are the unit of account under Topic 606. Each of the Company’s contracts and related change orders typically represent a single performance obligation because the Company provides an integrated service and individual goods and services are not separately identifiable. Revenue is recognized over time because control of the promised goods and services are continuously transferred to the customer over the life of the contract. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contract’s transaction price to each performance obligation using its best estimate of the stand-alone selling price of each distinct good or service. Progress is measured by the percentage of actual contract costs incurred to date to total estimated costs for each contract. This method is used because management considers contract costs incurred to be the best available measure of progress on these contracts. Contract costs include all direct costs, such as material and labor, and those indirect costs incurred that are related to contract performance such as payroll taxes and insurance. General and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. Upfront costs, such as costs to mobilize personnel and equipment prior to satisfying a performance obligation are capitalized and amortized over the contract performance period.

Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those arising from final contract settlements, may result in revisions to costs and reported revenue and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. The effect of changes in estimates of contract revenue or contract costs is recognized as an adjustment to recognized revenue on a cumulative catch-up basis to match contract progress with revenue recognition. When the Company anticipates a loss on a contract that is not yet complete, it recognizes the entire loss in the period in which such losses are determined. Revenue is recorded net of any sales taxes collected and paid on behalf of the customer, if applicable.

Contract revenue is derived from the original contract price as modified by agreed-upon change orders and estimates of variable consideration related to incentive fees and change orders or claims for which price has not yet been agreed by the customer. The Company estimates variable consideration based on its assessment of the most likely amount to which it expects to be entitled. Variable consideration is included in the estimated recognition of revenue to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative recognized revenue will not occur. A determination that the collection of a claim is probable is based upon the Company’s evaluation of its compliance with the terms of the contract and the extent to which the Company performed in accordance therewith but does not guarantee collection in full.

Assets and liabilities derived from contracts with customers include the following:

Classification of Current Assets and Liabilities

The Company includes in current assets and liabilities amounts realizable and payable in the next twelve months.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At times, cash held by financial institutions may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not historically sustained losses on its cash balances in excess of federally insured limits. Cash equivalents at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted primarily of overnight bank deposits.

Risk Concentrations

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk principally consist of accounts receivable.

A significant portion of the Company’s revenue base depends on its ability to continue to obtain federal, state and local governmental contracts, and indirectly, on the amount of funding available to these agencies for new and current governmental projects. Therefore, a portion of the Company’s operations is dependent upon the level and timing of government funding. Statutory mechanics’ liens provide the Company high priority in the event of lien foreclosures following financial difficulties of private owners, thus minimizing credit risk with private customers.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are stated at the historical carrying value, net of allowances for credit losses. The Company had significant investments in billed and unbilled receivables as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Billed receivables represent amounts billed upon the completion of small contracts and progress billings on large contracts in accordance with contract terms and milestone achievements. Unbilled receivables on contracts represent recoverable costs and accrued profits that are not yet capable of being billed under the terms of the applicable contracts. Revenue associated with these billings is recorded net of any sales tax, if applicable.

In establishing an allowance for credit losses, the Company evaluates its contract receivables and contract assets and thoroughly reviews historical collection experience, the financial condition of its customers, billing disputes and other factors. The Company writes off potentially uncollectible accounts receivable against the allowance for credit losses if it is determined that the amounts will not be collected or if a settlement with respect to a disputed receivable is reached for an amount that is less than its carrying value. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had recorded an allowance for credit losses of $0.4 million and $0.6 million, respectively.

Balances billed to customers but not paid pursuant to retainage provisions in construction contracts generally become payable upon contract completion and acceptance by the owner. Retainage at December 31, 2023 totaled $42.0 million, of which $5.4 million is expected to be collected beyond December 31, 2024. Retainage at December 31, 2022 totaled $50.9 million.

From time to time, the Company negotiates change orders and claims with its customers. Unsuccessful negotiations of claims could result in a change to contract revenue that is less than amounts previously recorded, which could result in the recording of a loss in the amount of the shortfall. Successful claims negotiations could result in the recovery of previously recorded losses. Significant losses on receivables could adversely affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations and overall liquidity.

Advertising Costs

The Company primarily obtains contracts through the open bid process, and therefore advertising costs are not a significant component of expense. Advertising costs are expensed as incurred.

Environmental Costs

Costs related to environmental remediation are charged to expense. Other environmental costs are also charged to expense unless they increase the value of the property and/or provide future economic benefits, in which event the costs are capitalized. Environmental liabilities, if any, are recognized when the liability is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. The Company did not recognize any environmental liabilities as of December 31, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company evaluates and presents certain amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements at “fair value” in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires the Company to base its estimates on assumptions that market participants, in an orderly transaction, would use to price an asset or liability, and to establish a hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to determine fair value. Refer to Note 7 for more information regarding fair value determination.

The Company generally applies fair value valuation techniques on a non-recurring basis associated with (1) valuing assets and liabilities acquired in connection with business combinations and other transactions; (2) valuing potential impairment loss related to long-lived assets; and (3) valuing potential impairment loss related to goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets.

Inventory

Current inventory consists of parts and small equipment held for use in the ordinary course of business and is valued at the lower of cost (using historical average cost) or net realizable value and is relieved as utilized. Where shipping and handling costs are incurred by the Company, these charges are included in inventory and charged to cost of contract revenue upon use. Non-current inventory consists of spare parts (including engines, cutters and gears) that require special order or long-lead times for manufacture or fabrication, but must be kept on hand to reduce downtime and is valued at the lower of cost (using historical average cost) or net realizable value.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Ordinary maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the useful life of the asset are expensed as incurred. Major renewals and betterments of equipment are capitalized and depreciated generally over three toten years until the next scheduled maintenance.

When property and equipment are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in results of operations for the respective period.

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets for financial statement purposes, as follows:

The Company generally uses accelerated depreciation methods for tax purposes where beneficial.

Dry-docking costs are capitalized and amortized using the straight-line method over a period ranging from three toseven years. Dry-docking costs include, but are not limited to, the inspection, refurbishment and replacement of steel, engine components, tailshafts, mooring equipment and other parts of the vessel. Amortization related to dry-docking activities is included as a component of depreciation. These costs and the related amortization periods are periodically reviewed to determine if the estimates are accurate. If warranted, a significant upgrade of equipment may result in a revision to the useful life of the asset, in which case the change is accounted for prospectively.

Property and equipment are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment loss is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or the fair value, less the costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. There wereno assets classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2023. There was $0.8 million of assets classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2022 that were included in prepaid expenses and other in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Leases

Management determines if a contract is or contains a lease at inception of the contract or modification of the contract. A contract is or contains a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period in exchange for consideration. Control over the use of the identified asset means the lessee has both (a) the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of the asset and (b) the right to direct the use of the asset.

Finance and operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and liabilities are recognized based on the present value of future minimum lease payments over the expected lease term at commencement date. As the implicit rate is not determinable in most of the Company’s leases, management uses the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of future payments. The expected lease term includes options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise such option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.

The Company’s lease arrangements have lease and non-lease components. Leases with an expected term of 12 months or less are not accounted for on the balance sheet and the related lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected lease term.

The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

See Note 18 for more information regarding leases.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets that have finite lives were amortized. In addition, the Company evaluated the remaining useful life of intangible assets in each reporting period to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision of the remaining period of amortization. Intangible assets that had infinite lives were not amortized, but were subject to impairment testing at least annually or more frequently if events or circumstances indicated that the asset may be impaired.

The Company hadone infinite-lived intangible asset, a trade name, which it tested for impairment annually on October 31, or whenever events or circumstances indicated that the carrying amount of the trade name may not be recoverable. Impairment was calculated as the excess of the trade name’s carrying value over its fair value. The fair value of the trade name was determined using the relief from royalty method, a variation of the income approach. This method assumes that if a company owns intellectual property, it does not have to “rent” the asset and is, therefore, “relieved” from paying a royalty. Once a supportable royalty rate is determined, the rate is then applied to the projected revenues over the expected remaining life of the intangible assets to estimate the royalty savings. This approach is dependent on a number of factors, including estimates of future growth and trends, royalty rates, discount rates and other variables. Thisone infinite-lived intangible asset was fully impaired as of December 31, 2023 due to the rebranding of the Company’s concrete segment in the fourth quarter of 2023.

See Note 8 for additional discussion of intangible assets.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for equity awards over the vesting period based on the fair value of these awards at the date of grant. The computed fair value of these awards is recognized as a non-cash cost over the period the employee provides services, which is typically the vesting period of the award. The fair value of restricted stock grants and restricted stock units is equivalent to the fair value of the stock issued on the date of grant and is measured as the closing price of the stock on the date of grant.

Compensation expense is recognized only for stock-based payments expected to vest. The Company estimates forfeitures at the date of grant based on historical experience and future expectations. This assessment is updated on a periodic basis. See Note 14 for further discussion of the Company’s stock-based compensation plan.

Income Taxes

The Company determines its consolidated income tax provision using the asset and liability method prescribed by U.S. GAAP, which requires the recognition of income tax expense for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current period and for deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in an

entity’s financial statements or tax returns. The Company must make significant assumptions, judgments and estimates to determine its current provision for income taxes, its deferred tax assets and liabilities, and any valuation allowance to be recorded against any deferred tax asset. The current provision for income tax is based upon the current tax laws and the Company’s interpretation of these laws, as well as the probable outcomes of any tax audits. The value of any net deferred tax asset depends upon estimates of the amount and category of future taxable income reduced by the amount of any tax benefits that the Company does not expect to realize. Actual operating results and the underlying amount and category of income in future years could render current assumptions, judgments and estimates of recoverable net deferred taxes inaccurate, thus impacting the Company’s financial position and results of operations. The Company computes deferred income taxes using the liability method. Under the liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Under the liability method, the effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company accounts for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740,Income Taxes which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, on its consolidated tax return. The Company evaluates and records any uncertain tax positions based on the amount that management deems is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination and ultimate settlement with the tax authorities in the tax jurisdictions in which it operates.

See Note 12 for additional discussion of income taxes.

Insurance Coverage

The Company maintains insurance coverage for its business and operations. Insurance related to property, equipment, automobile, general liability, and a portion of workers’ compensation is provided through traditional policies, subject to a deductible or deductibles. A portion of the Company’s workers’ compensation exposure is covered through a mutual association, which is subject to supplemental calls.

The marine segment maintains five levels of excess loss insurance coverage, totaling $300 million in excess of primary coverage. The marine segment’s excess loss coverage responds to most of its policies when a primary limit of $1 million has been exhausted; provided that the primary limit for Contingent Maritime Employer’s Liability is $10 million and the Watercraft Pollution Policy primary limit is $5 million. The concrete segment maintains five levels of excess loss insurance coverage, totaling $300 million in excess of primary coverage. The concrete segment’s excess loss coverage responds to most of its policies when a primary limit of $1 million has been exhausted.

If a claim arises and a potential insurance recovery is probable, the impending gain is recognized separately from the related loss. The recovery will only be recognized up to the amount of the loss once the recovery of the claim is deemed probable and any excess gain will fall under contingency accounting and will only be recognized once it is realized. The Company does not net insurance recoveries against the related claim liability as the amount of the claim liability is determined without consideration of the anticipated insurance recoveries from third parties.

Separately, the Company’s marine segment employee health care is paid for by general assets of the Company and currently administered by a third party. The administrator has purchased appropriate stop-loss coverage. Losses on these policies up to the deductible amounts are accrued based upon known claims incurred and an estimate of claims incurred but not reported. The accruals are derived from known facts, historical trends and industry averages to determine the best estimate of the ultimate expected loss. Actual claims may vary from estimates. Any adjustments to such reserves are included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period in which they become known. The Company’s concrete segment employee health care is provided throughtwo policies. A fully funded policy is offered primarily to salaried employees and their dependents while a partially self-funded plan with an appropriate stop-loss is offered primarily to hourly employees and their dependents. The self-funded plan is funded to the maximum exposure and, as a result, is expected to receive a partial refund after the policy expiration.

The total accrual for insurance claims liabilities was$7.5 million and$5.8 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, reflected as a component of accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet.

**3.**Revenue

Contract revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services. The following table represents a disaggregation of the Company’s contract revenues by service line for the marine and concrete segments:

The Company has determined that it hastwo reportable segments pursuant to FASB ASC Topic 280,Segment Reporting, but has disaggregated its contract revenues in the above chart in terms of services provided within such segments. In making this determination, the Company considered the similar characteristics of its operations as discussed in Note 1. Additionally, as discussed, both the marine and concrete segments have limited contracts with multiple performance obligations. The Company’s contracts are often estimated and bid as one project and evaluated as to performance as one project, not by individual services performed by each. Both the marine and concrete segments have a single individual responsible for managing the entire segment, not by service lines of the segments. Resources are allocated by segment and financial and budgetary information is compiled and reviewed by segment, not service line.

Marine Segment

Construction services include construction, restoration, maintenance, dredging and repair of marine transportation facilities, marine pipelines, bridges and causeways and marine environmental structures. Dredging services generally enhance or preserve the navigability of waterways or the protection of shorelines through the removal or replenishment of soil, sand or rock. Specialty services include design, salvage, demolition, surveying, towing, diving and underwater inspection, excavation and repair.

Concrete Segment

Structural services include elevated concrete pouring for products such as columns, elevated beams and structural walls. Light commercial services include horizontally poured concrete for products such as slabs, sidewalks, ramps and tilt walls. Other services comprise labor related to concrete pouring such as rebar installation and pumping services and typically support the Company’s structural and light commercial services.

**4.**Concentration of Risk and Enterprise-Wide Disclosures

In both reportable segments accounts receivable include amounts billed to governmental agencies and private customers and do not bear interest. Balances billed to customers but not paid pursuant to retainage provisions generally become payable upon contract completion and acceptance by the owner.

The table below presents the concentrations of current receivables (trade and retainage) at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively:

At December 31, 2023, a customer in the Private Companies category accounted for 19.9% of total current receivables. At December 31, 2022, no single customer accounted for more than 10.0% of total current receivables.

Additionally, the table below represents concentrations of contract revenue by type of customer for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021.

In the year ended December 31, 2023, a customer in the Federal Government category accounted for 12.7% of total contract revenue. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, no single customer exceeded 10.0% of total contract revenues.

The Company does not believe that the loss of any one of its customers would have a material adverse effect on the Company or its subsidiaries and affiliates since no single specific customer sustains such a large portion of receivables or contract revenue over time.

The concrete segment primarily purchases concrete from select suppliers. The loss of any one of these suppliers could adversely impact short-term operations.

Contract revenues generated outside the United States totaled 5.1%,0.9% and 0.5% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and were primarily located in the Caribbean Basin.

**5.**Contracts in Progress

Contracts in progress are as follows as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

Included in contract assets is approximately $13.0 million and $13.4 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, related to claims and unapproved change orders. See Note 2 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for discussion of the accounting for these claims.

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders or other written contractual commitments from customers for which work has not been performed or is partially completed and excludes unexercised contract options and potential orders. As of December 31, 2023, the aggregate amount of the remaining performance obligations was approximately $762.2 million. Of this amount, the current expectation of the Company is that it will recognize $650.4 million, or 85%, in the next 12 months and the remaining balance thereafter.

**6.**Property and Equipment

The following is a summary of property and equipment as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, depreciation expense was $18.4 million and $19.7 million, respectively. Substantially all depreciation expense is included in the cost of contract revenue in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations. Substantially all of the assets of the Company are pledged as collateral under the Company’s Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 10).

Substantially all of the Company’s long-lived assets are located in the United States.

See Note 2 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements for further discussion of property and equipment.

**7.**Fair Value

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of financial instruments is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties. Due to their short-term nature, the Company believes that the carrying value of its accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate their fair values.

The Company classifies financial assets and liabilities into the following three levels based on the inputs used to measure fair value in the order of priority indicated:

Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value requires judgment and may affect the placement of assets and liabilities within the fair value hierarchy levels.

The following table sets forth by level within the fair value hierarchy the Company’s recurring financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

Our concrete segment has life insurance policies with a combined face value of $11.1 million as of December 31, 2023. The policies are invested in mutual funds and the fair value measurement of the cash surrender balance associated with these policies is determined using Level 2 inputs within the fair value hierarchy and will vary with investment performance. These assets are included in the “Other non-current” asset section in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company generally applies fair value valuation techniques on a non-recurring basis associated with (1) valuing assets and liabilities acquired in connection with business combinations and other transactions; (2) valuing potential impairment loss related to long-lived assets; and (3) valuing potential impairment loss related to the infinite-lived intangible asset.

Other Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of the Company’s debt at December 31, 2023 and 2022 approximated its carrying value of $42.3 million and $35.7 million, respectively, as interest is based on current market interest rates for debt with similar risk and maturity. If the Company’s debt was measured at fair value, it would have been classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

**8.**Intangible Assets

The tables below present the activity and amortizations of finite-lived intangible assets:

Remaining net finite-lived intangible assets were acquired as part of the purchase of TAS during 2015 and TBC during 2017 and included customer relationships. Customer relationships were valued at approximately $18.8 million and are being amortized over eight years using an accelerated method based on the pattern in which the economic benefits of the assets are consumed. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, of amortization expense was recognized for these assets. As of December 31, 2023 all finite-lived intangible assets acquired as part of the purchase of TAS were fully amortized.

The Company evaluated the infinite-lived intangible assets which consisted of the TAS Concrete Construction tradename and as a result of the Company’s strategic decision to rebrand its concrete segment under the Orion banner the Company determined that the estimated fair value of the TAS Concrete Construction tradename is less than the carrying amount and an impairment loss of $6.9 million was recognized under ASC 350. As of December 31, 2023 all of the Company’s intangible assets are fully amortized or impaired.

**9.**Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 consisted of the following:

**10.**Debt

On May 15, 2023, the Company entered into the Credit Agreement. The Company incurred debt issuance costs related to the Credit Agreement of $5.9 million, which will be amortized over the life of the agreement under the effective interest method. The Credit Agreement has a maturity date of May 15, 2026. The Company used the proceeds of the Credit Agreement to repay the $40.0 million outstanding on the Company’s prior credit facility. In connection with the extinguishment of the prior credit facility, the Company wrote off the remaining $0.1 million in debt issuance costs associated with the prior credit facility. On December 1, 2023, the Company entered into Amendment No, 1 to the Credit Agreement which extended the maturity date for the $15.0 million pre-payment to the earlier of June 30, 2024 and the date that isthree business days after receipt of net proceeds in respect of the East and West Jones Sale.

The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, including fixed assets and account receivables, and is used to finance general corporate and working capital purposes, capital expenditures, and permitted acquisitions and associated fees, to refinance existing indebtedness, and to pay for all expenses related to the Credit Agreement. Amounts repaid under the Revolver can be re-borrowed.

The Revolver initially bears interest at a rate of the 30-day SOFR plus 5.5% and the Term Loan at a rate of the 30-day SOFR plus 8.0%, subject to a SOFR floor of 4.0%. The yearly weighted average interest rate for the Credit Agreement, as of December 31, 2023 was 12.00%.

The Company’s obligations under debt arrangements consisted of the following:

Provisions of the revolving line of credit

The Company has a maximum borrowing capacity under the Revolver of $65.0 million. There is a letter of credit sublimit that is equal to the lesser of $5.0 million and the aggregate unused amount of the revolving commitments then in effect.

The Company is subject to a commitment fee for the unused portion of the maximum borrowing availability under the Revolver. The Revolver termination date is the earlier of the Credit Agreement termination date, May 15, 2026, or the date the outstanding balance is permanently reduced to zero, in accordance with the terms of the Credit Agreement.

As of December 31, 2023, the Company hadno borrowings under the Revolver. The Company’s borrowing availability under the Revolver at December 31, 2023 was approximately $47.7 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company borrowed$64.0 million on the Revolver. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company repaid$64.0 million outstanding on the Revolver.

Financial covenants

Restrictive financial covenants under the Credit Agreement include:

In addition, the Credit Agreement contains events of default that are usual and customary for similar arrangements, including non-payment of principal, interest or fees; breaches of representations and warranties that are not timely cured; violation of covenants; bankruptcy and insolvency events; and, events constituting a change of control.

The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of December 31, 2023.

Other debt

The Company has entered into debt agreements with De Lage Landen Financial Services, Inc. and Mobilease for the purpose of financing equipment purchased. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the carrying value of this debt was $1.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The agreements are secured by the financed equipment assets and the debt is included as a component of current debt and long-term debt on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

On June 23, 2023, the Company closed on a land-sale leaseback contract for the Company’s Port Lavaca South Yard property located in Port Lavaca, Texas for a purchase price of $12.0 million. A portion of the operating lease above the fair value of the land was financed by the Company. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying value of this debt was $2.4 million.

**11.**Other Long-Term Liabilities

Other long-term liabilities at December 31, 2023 and 2022 consisted of the following:

Sale-Leaseback Arrangements

On May 15, 2023, the Company entered into a $13.0 million sale-leaseback of certain equipment in which the Company leased-back the equipment for terms ranging fromone tothree years. The transaction above was recorded as a failed sale-leaseback.

Concurrent with the sale of Company’s Port Lavaca South Yard property, the Company entered into atwenty-year lease agreement whereby the Company will lease back the property at an annual rental rate of approximately $1.1 million, subject to annual rent increases of 2.5%. Under the lease agreement, the Company hasfour consecutive options to extend the term of the lease byfive years for each such option. The portion of the above transaction above related to the building was recorded as a failed sale-leaseback.

On September 27, 2019, the Company entered into a purchase and sale agreement (the “Purchase and Sale Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase and Sale Agreement, the Company sold its 17300 & 17140 Market Street location in Channelview, Texas for a purchase price of $19.1 million. Concurrent with the sale of the property, the Company entered into afifteen-year lease agreement whereby the Company will lease back the property at an annual rental rate of approximately $1.5 million, subject to annual rent increases of 2.0%. Under the lease agreement, the Company hastwo consecutive options to extend the term of the lease byten years for each such option. The transaction above was recorded as a failed sale-leaseback.

Related to the failed sale-leasebacks, the Company recorded liabilities for the amounts received, will continue to depreciate the non-land portion of the assets, and has imputed an interest rate so that the net carrying amount of the financial liability and remaining assets will be zero at the end of the initial lease terms.

**12.**Income Tax

The following table presents the components of our consolidated income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021:

The Company’s income tax provision reconciles to the provision at the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate for each year ended December 31, as follows:

In the year ended 2023, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to the tax impact from the valuation allowance for current year activity, state income taxes and the non-deductibility of other permanent items.

In the year ended 2022, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to the tax impact from the valuation allowance for current year activity, state income taxes and the non-deductibility of other permanent items.

In the year ended 2021, the Company’s effective tax rate differed from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to the valuation allowance related to the current year net loss.

Deferred Taxes

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

The Company has net operating loss carryforwards for federal income tax purposes of $41.7 million as of December 31, 2023, which are available to reduce future taxable income. The Company’s federal net operating losses arose after the 2017 tax year and can be carried forward for an indefinite period of time but are limited to offset 80% of taxable income in any given year. The Company has state net operating losses of $128.5 million that expire beginning in 2027. A portion of the state losses that arose after the 2017 tax year may be carried forward indefinitely. Additionally, the Company has foreign tax credits of $3.4 million that can be carried forward for up toten years. The Company has foreign tax credits that will expire in 2026.

The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to realize the existing deferred tax assets. The Company considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, available carryback periods, and tax-planning strategies in making this assessment. According to ASC subtopic 740-10, the Company’s history of losses is a significant piece of negative evidence. This negative evidence is weighed more heavily than the Company’s subjective positive evidence such as our estimated future taxable income and growth. Therefore, as of December 31, 2023, the Company continues to maintain a valuation allowance of $20.8 million. This valuation allowance increased by $3.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily to offset deferred tax assets generated during the period.

Uncertain Tax Benefits

The Company and its subsidiaries file consolidated federal income tax returns in the United States and also file in various states and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company remains subject to federal and state income tax examinations for the years of 2013-2022. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has recorded unrecognized tax benefits of $1.6 million for uncertain tax positions. The Company expects the unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2023 for certain federal income tax matters will significantly change over the next 12 months due to a lapse of the statute of limitations. The final outcome of these uncertain tax positions is not yet determinable.

The change in the total gross unrecognized tax benefits and prior year audit resolutions of the Company during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 are reconciled in the table below:

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to any unrecognized tax liabilities as additional tax expense. No interest or penalties have been accrued at December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company believes it has appropriate and adequate support for the income tax positions taken and to be taken on its tax returns and that its accruals for tax liabilities are adequate for all open years based on an assessment of many factors including past experience and interpretations of tax law applied to the facts of each matter. Although the Company believes its recorded assets and liabilities are reasonable, tax regulations are subject to interpretation and tax litigation is inherently uncertain; therefore the Company’s assessments can involve both a series of complex judgments about future events and rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. Although the Company believes that the estimates and assumptions supporting its assessments are reasonable, the final determination of tax audit settlements and any related litigation could be materially different from that which is reflected in historical income tax provisions and recorded assets and liabilities. If the Company were to settle an audit or a matter under litigation, it could have a material effect on the income tax provision, net income, or cash flows in the period or periods for which that determination is made. Any accruals for tax contingencies are provided for in accordance with U.S. GAAP*.*

The Company’s statute of limitations on the tax position will expire prior to December 31, 2024.

**13.**Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding as well as the effect of all dilutive common stock equivalents during each period net income is generated. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the Company had 250,264,490,678, and 831,077, securities, respectively, that were potentially dilutive in earnings per share calculations. Such dilution is dependent on the excess of the market price of our stock over the exercise price and other components of the treasury stock method. The exercise price for certain stock options awarded by the Company exceeded the average market price of the Company’s common stock for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Such stock options are antidilutive and are not included in the computation of earnings per share for those periods.

The following table reconciles the denominators used in the computations of both basic and diluted earnings per share:

**14.**Stock-Based Compensation

The Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors is responsible for the administration of the Company’s stock incentive plans, which include the balance of shares remaining under the 2022 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2022 LTIP”), which was approved by shareholders in May of 2022 and authorized 2,175,000 shares, the maximum aggregate number to be issued, plus any shares available for grant under prior long term incentive plans as of the date the 2022 LTIP was approved, and any shares subject to awards granted under the prior plans that expire or are cancelled, forfeited, exchanged, settled in cash or otherwise terminated. In general, the Company’s 2022 LTIP provides for grants of restricted stock, performance based awards and stock options to be issued with a per-share price not less than the fair market value of a share of common stock on the date of grant. Option terms are specified at each grant date but generally are 10 years from the date of issuance. Options generally vest over athree tofive-year period.

Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans:

In January 2023, certain officers and executives of the Company were awarded a total of 180,833 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $3.00 per share.

In March 2023, the Company formalized the performance measures related to the August 2022 and September 2022 grants of 328,909 performance units totwo executives. As a result, the previous grants were replaced with 335,851 performance units, an incremental increase of 6,942 performance units accounted for as a modification. The performance-based units will potentially vest 100% if an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period, is achieved. The Company evaluates the probability of achieving this each reporting period. The fair value of all grants awarded in March 2023 was $2.65 per unit.

In May 2023, the Company granted an executive of the Company 4,000 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $2.50 per share.

In May 2023, the Company’sseven independent directors were awarded an aggregate of 238,637 shares of restricted common stock. The shares vested immediately on the date of the grant. The fair value on the date of grant of all shares awarded was $2.64 per share.

In July 2023, the Company granted an executive of the Company 12,862 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $3.11 per share.

In October 2023, certain officers and executives of the Company were awarded a total of 152,000 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $4.95 per share.

In November 2023, the Company granted an executive of the Company 61,602 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years. In addition, the executive was awarded a total of 41,068 performance-based units. The

performance-based units will potentially vest 100% if an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period, is achieved. The Company evaluates the probability of achieving this each reporting period. The fair value of all grants awarded in November 2023 was $4.87 per share or unit.

In January 2022, the Company granted an independent director 8,929 shares of restricted common stock, which vested immediately on the date of grant and had a fair value on the date of grant of $3.36 per share.

In May 2022, independent directors as well as Mr. Austin J. Shanfelter, the Company’s Executive Chairman, Interim Chief Executive Officer and Interim Chief Financial Officer, were awarded an aggregate of 623,655 shares of restricted common stock. The total number included 193,548 shares, which were awarded to thesix independent directors and vested immediately on the date of the grant, as well as 430,107 shares of time-vested restricted stock units awarded to Mr. Shanfelter. In September 2022,179,211 of the time-vested restricted stock units cliff vested and were settled in stock as a result of Mr. Shanfelter fulfilling his term as Interim Chief Executive Officer. In March 2023, the remaining 250,896 time-vested restricted stock units cliff vested and were settled in stock as a result of Mr. Shanfelter fulfilling his term as Executive Chairman. The fair value on the date of the grant of all shares awarded in May 2022 was$2.79 per share.

In August 2022, the Company granted an executive 446,097 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years. In addition, the Company granted the executive 241,636 performance-based units. The performance-based units will potentially vest 100% if an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period, is achieved. The Company evaluates the probability of achieving this each reporting period. The fair value of all grants awarded in August 2022 was $2.69 per unit.

In September 2022, the Company granted an executive 130,909 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years. In addition, the Company granted the executive 87,273 performance-based units. The performance-based units will potentially vest 100% if an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period, is achieved. The Company evaluates the probability of achieving this each reporting period. The fair value of all grants awarded in September 2022 was $2.75 per unit.

In November 2022, the Company granted an executive of the Company 64,935 shares of restricted common stock, which vested immediately on the date of grant. The fair value of all shares awarded on the date of grant was $2.31 per share.

In May 2021, the Company’ssix independent directors each received equity compensation grants of 14,975 shares, with a fair value of $6.01 per share. In September 2021, the Company granted an independent director 18,215 shares of restricted common stock, which vested immediately on the date of grant. The fair value of all shares awarded on the date of grant was $5.49.

In May 2021, certain officers and executives of the Company were awarded 160,000 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $6.01 per share. In September 2021, the Company granted an executive of the Company 9,901 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $5.05 per share.

In May 2021, the Company awarded certain executives 240,000 performance-based units. The performance-based units will potentially vest 100% if an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period, is achieved. The Company evaluates the probability of achieving this each reporting period. The fair value of all units awarded on the date of the grant was $6.01 per unit.

In December 2023, the Company determined the performance-based units awarded in May 2021 will in all likelihood not vest due to the objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over athree-year performance period not being met. As a result, the Company made the determination that the remaining outstanding shares under the grant will be forfeited.

In December 2021, certain officers and executives of the Company were awarded 139,000 shares of restricted common stock with a vesting period ofthree years and a fair value of $3.75 per share.

In August 2021, the Company determined the performance-based units awarded in May 2020 vested near the outperformance level established above the target set based on the achievement of an objective, tiered return on invested capital, measured over aone-year performance period ending June 30, 2021. As a result, the executives earned an additional 259,565 performance-based units with a fair value of $2.26, of which 50% vested immediately on the date of determination and 25% each will vest on the first and second anniversary of the date of determination.

Stock Options

The following table summarizes the stock option activity under the Company’s equity incentive plans:

For years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, compensation expense related to stock based awards outstanding for the periods was $2.0 million, $2.8 million and $2.4 million, respectively. The Company applies a 3.2% and 5.5% forfeiture rate, which gets compounded over the vesting terms of the individual award, to its restricted stock and option grants, respectively, based on historical analysis. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, payments related to tax withholding for share-based compensation for certain officers of the Company were approximately $0.5 million, $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively.

In the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, no stock options were exercised. In the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company received proceeds of approximately $0.1 million upon the exercise of 28,546 options.

As of December 31, 2023, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock was approximately $3.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a period of approximately 2.2 years.

**15.**Employee Benefits

All of the Company’s employees except independent contractors, Associate Divers, the Associate Tugmasters, residents of Puerto Rico, and employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement, unless the agreement requires the employee to be included under the plan, are eligible to participate in the Company’s 401(k) Retirement Plan on the first day of any month following their date of hire. Each participant may contribute between 1% and 80% of eligible compensation on a pre-tax basis, Roth after-tax or a combination of pre-tax and Roth, up to the annual IRS limit. The Company matches 100% on the first 3% of eligible compensation contributed to the Plan and 50% on the next 2% of eligible compensation contributed to the Plan. Participants’ contributions are fully vested at all times. Because the Plan is a Safe Harbor Plan, the money Orion contributes to employees’ accounts in the form of a match and any related earnings become theirs immediately upon receipt. At its discretion, the Company may make additional matching and profit-sharing contributions. During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 the Company contributed $2.7 million, $1.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively, in matching contributions.

The Company contributes to several multi-employer defined pension plans under the terms of collective-bargaining agreements that cover its union-represented employees. Risks of participating in these multi-employer plans are different from single-employer plans in the following aspects:

The following table presents the Company’s participation in these plans:

There are currently no plans to withdraw from any of the multi-employer plans in which the Company participates.

**16.**Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involvedin various legal and other proceedings which are incidental to the conduct of its business, none of which in the opinion of management will have a material effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Management believes that it has recorded adequate accrued liabilities and believes that it has adequate insurance coverage or has meritorious defenses for these claims and contingencies.

**17.**Segment Information

The Company currently operates intwo reportable segments: marine and concrete. The Company’s financial reporting systems present various data for management to run the business, including profit and loss statements prepared according to the segments presented. Management uses operating income to evaluate performance between thetwo segments.

Segment information for the periods presented is provided as follows:

There was less than $0.1 million, $0.2 million and less than $0.1 million in intersegment revenues between the Company’stwo reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The marine segment had foreign revenues of $36.1 million, $6.7 million and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These revenues are derived from projects in the Caribbean Basin and are paid primarily in U.S. dollars. There wasno foreign revenue for the concrete segment.

**18.**Leases

The Company has operating and finance leases for office space, equipment and vehicles. Leases recorded on the balance sheet consists of the following:

Other information related to lease term and discount rate is as follows:

The components of lease expense are as follows:

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:

Maturities of lease liabilities are summarized as follows:

**19.**Related Party Transaction

On March 10, 2023, the United States Navy awarded the Dragados/Hawaiian Dredging/Orion Joint Venture a $2.8 billion contract to complete the construction of a dry dock at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard. The Company’s portion of work as a dedicated subcontractor totals $435.4 million. For the year ended December 31, 2023 the Company’s revenue related to the joint venture subcontract was approximately $90.5 million.

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**20.**Subsequent Events

On February 20, 2024, the Company entered into a Land Sale Contract with Brixx Technologies LLC, a Texas limited liability company, who, subject to customary due diligence and closing conditions, has agreed to purchasetwo parcels of land in Harris County, Texas (approximately 341.3 acres) known as the East and West Jones property, which was previously used by the Company as dredge placement areas. The purchase price is approximately $34 million, and closing is anticipated to occur on or before June 14, 2024.

On February 27, 2024, the Company entered into Amendment No. 2 to the Credit Agreement, which lowered the interest rate for the Revolver by 50 basis points to 30-day SOFR plus 5.0% and the Term Loan by 100 basis points to 30-day SOFR plus 7.0%, subject to a SOFR floor of 4.0%.

ORION GROUP HOLDINGS, INC.

SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

(Dollars in thousands)