LPL Financial Holdings Inc

NOTE 2 -SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements (“condensed consolidated financial statements”) are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), which require the Company to make estimates and assumptions regarding the valuation of certain financial instruments, acquisitions, goodwill and other intangibles, allowance for credit losses on receivables, share-based compensation, accruals for liabilities, income taxes, revenue and expense accruals and other matters that affect the condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the interim periods presented. Actual results could differ from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions and the differences may be material to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of LPLFH and its subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes for the year

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

ended December 31, 2023, contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

There are no relevant recently issued accounting pronouncements that would materially impact the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. There were no new accounting pronouncements adopted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that materially impacted the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

NOTE 3 -REVENUE

Commission

The following table presents total commission revenue disaggregated by product category (in thousands):

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table presents sales-based and trailing commission revenue disaggregated by product category (in thousands):

Asset-Based

The following table sets forth asset-based revenue disaggregated by product category (in thousands):

Service and Fee

The following table sets forth service and fee revenue disaggregated by recognition pattern (in thousands):

(1)Service and fee revenue recognized over time includes revenue such as error and omission insurance fees, IRA custodian fees, and technology fees.

(2)Service and fee revenue recognized at a point-in-time includes revenue such as IRA termination fees, account fees, and confirmation fees.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Unearned Revenue

The Company records unearned revenue when cash payments are received or due in advance of the Company’s performance obligations, including amounts which are refundable. Unearned revenue increased from $156.2 million as of December 31, 2023 to $206.7 millionas of March 31, 2024. The increase in unearned revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2024 is primarily driven by cash payments received or due in advance of satisfying the Company’s performance obligations, partially offset by $154.2 million of revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2024 that was included in the unearned revenue balance as of December 31, 2023.

The Company receives cash in advance for advisory services to be performed and conferences to be held in future periods. For advisory services, revenue is recognized as the Company provides the administration, brokerage and execution services over time to satisfy the performance obligations. For conference revenue, the Company recognizes revenue as the conferences are held.

NOTE 4 -ACQUISITIONS

Acquisitions in the Current Period

Entered into a definitive purchase agreement to acquire Atria Wealth Solutions, Inc (“Atria”)

On February 13, 2024, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive purchase agreement to acquire Atria, a wealth management solutions holding company headquartered in New York. As part of the agreement, Atria will transition its brokerage and advisory assets to the Company’s platform. The Company expects to close the transaction in the second half of 2024 for an initial purchase price of approximately $805 million and potential contingent consideration of up to $230 million based on future retention. The closing and the conversion, which is expected to be completed in mid-2025, are both subject to receipt of regulatory approval and other closing conditions.

Other Acquisitions

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company completedtwo acquisitions under the Liquidity & Succession solution, in which the Company buys advisor practices.

Total consideration for these transactions, which were accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations, was $22.0 million, which included $9.5 million of cash, and liabilities of $12.5 million for contingent consideration, which represents the acquisition date fair value of the additional cash consideration that may be transferred to the sellers if certain asset growth is achieved in thethree toseven years following the closing. This contingent consideration may be settled for amounts up to $84.3 million in the years following the closing.

At March 31, 2024, the Company provisionally allocated $3.9 million of the purchase price to goodwill and $18.1 million to client relationships acquired as part of these acquisitions. The goodwill primarily includes synergies expected to result from combining operations and is deductible for tax purposes. The client relationships were valued using the income approach and assigned useful lives of 14 years. See Note 7 –Goodwill and Other Intangibles, Net, for additional information.

Acquisitions Completed in Prior Periods

Acquisition of Financial Resources Group Investment Services, LLC

On January 31, 2023, the Company acquired Financial Resources Group Investment Services, LLC, a broker-dealer and independent branch office, in order to expand its addressable markets and complement organic growth. The Company accounted for the acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations, and total consideration for the transaction was $189.2 million, which included an initial cash payment of $143.8 million and a liability of $45.4 million for contingent consideration. The Company allocated $129.7 million of the purchase price to goodwill, $53.5 million to definite-lived intangible assets, $9.0 million to cash acquired and the remainder to other assets acquired and liabilities assumed as part of the acquisition. The goodwill primarily includes

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

synergies expected to result from combining operations and is deductible for tax purposes. See Note 7 –Goodwill and Other Intangibles, Net, for additional information.

Other Acquisitions

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed a total of 19 acquisitions under the Liquidity & Succession solution. The Company also completed the acquisition of Boenning & Scattergood’s Private Client Group on January 31, 2023. Certain of these acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations and certain have been accounted for as asset acquisitions.

Business Combinations

The Company accounted forfive Liquidity & Succession transactions under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations during the year ended December 31, 2023. Total consideration for these transactions was $190.2 million, which included initial consideration of $147.4 million, including $140.3 million of cash and a liability of $42.7 million for contingent consideration. At December 31, 2023, the Company allocated $84.5 million of the purchase price to goodwill and $105.7 million to the definite-lived intangible assets acquired as part of these acquisitions. The goodwill primarily includes synergies expected to result from combining operations and is deductible for tax purposes.

The Company recorded purchase accounting adjustments during the three months ended March 31, 2024 related to acquisitions which were completed during the fourth quarter of 2023 and for which the Company’s purchase accounting analysis is ongoing. These adjustments resulted in a $39.6 million increase in customer relationships, a $7.4 million increase in liabilities for contingent consideration, a $12.6 million decrease in technology, and a $19.6 million decrease in goodwill. At March 31, 2024, the Company has provisionally allocated $42.7 million of the purchase price to goodwill and $64.5 million to definite-lived intangible assets acquired. The intangible assets are comprised primarily of client relationships which were assigned useful lives of 15 years. See Note 7 –Goodwill and Other Intangibles, Net, for additional information.

Asset Acquisitions

The Company accounted forfifteen other acquisitions as asset acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2023. These transactions included initial consideration of $180.4 million, including $142.3 million of which was allocated to client relationships and $38.1 million of which was allocated to advisor relationships. These transactions include potential contingent payments of up to $73.1 million in thethree years following the closing if certain asset growth is achieved. The Company has not recognized a liability for these contingent payments as the amounts to be paid will be uncertain until a future measurement date. See Note 7 -Goodwill and Other Intangibles, Net, for additional information.

NOTE 5 -FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Inputs used to measure fair value are prioritized within a three-level fair value hierarchy. This hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

There have been no transfers of assets or liabilities between these fair value measurement classifications during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The Company’s fair value measurements are evaluated within the fair value hierarchy, based on the nature of inputs used to determine the fair value at the measurement date. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had the following financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Cash Equivalents — The Company’s cash equivalents include money market funds and U.S. government obligations, which are short term in nature with readily determinable values derived from active markets.

Cash Equivalents Segregated Under Federal or Other Regulations — The Company’s cash equivalents segregated under federal or other regulations include U.S. treasury bills, which are short term in nature with readily determinable values derived from active markets.

Trading Securities and Securities Sold, But Not Yet Purchased — The Company’s trading securities consist of house account model portfolios established and managed for the purpose of benchmarking the performance of its fee-based advisory platforms and temporary positions resulting from the processing of client transactions.

The Company uses prices obtained from independent third-party pricing services to measure the fair value of its trading securities. Prices received from the pricing services are validated when security prices move beyond a certain deviation threshold using various methods including comparison to prices received from additional pricing services, comparison to available quoted market prices and review of other relevant market data including implied yields of major categories of securities. In general, these quoted prices are derived from active markets for identical assets or liabilities. When quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities are not available, the quoted prices are based on similar assets and liabilities or inputs other than the quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. For negotiable certificates of deposit and treasury securities, the Company utilizes market-based inputs, including observable market interest rates that correspond to the remaining maturities or the next interest reset dates. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not adjust prices received from the independent third-party pricing services.

Other Assets — The Company’s other assets include: (1) deferred compensation plan assets that are invested in life insurance, money market and other mutual funds, which are actively traded and valued based on quoted market prices; and (2) certain non-traded real estate investment trusts, which are valued using quoted prices for identical or similar securities and other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Fractional Shares — The Company’s investment in fractional shares held by customers is reflected in other assets while the related purchase obligation for such shares is reflected in other liabilities. The Company uses prices obtained from independent third-party pricing services to measure the fair value of its investment in fractional shares held by customers and the related repurchase obligation. Prices received from the pricing services are validated using various methods including comparison to prices received from additional pricing services, comparison to available quoted market prices and review of other relevant market data including implied yields of major categories of securities. At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company did not adjust prices received from the independent third-party pricing services.

Contingent Consideration — The Company measures contingent consideration liabilities at fair value at the acquisition date, as applicable, and thereafter on a recurring basis using unobservable (Level 3) inputs. These contingent consideration liabilities are reflected in other liabilities. See Note 4 -Acquisitions for additional information.

Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company determines the fair value for its contingent consideration obligations using Monte Carlo simulation and discounted cash flows models. Contingent payments are estimated by applying significant unobservable inputs, including forecasted growth rates applied to project future revenue or asset growth and discount rates which are based on the cost of debt and equity. These projections are measured against the performance targets specified in each respective acquisition agreement, which may include growth in assets under management, net new assets, asset conversion or retention, or revenue growth. Significant increases or decreases in the Company’s forecasted growth rates over the measurement period or discount rates would result in a higher or lower fair value measurement.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes inputs used in the measurement of contingent consideration (dollars in thousands):

The following table summarizes the changes in fair value for the Company’s Level 3 liabilities during the periods presented (in thousands):

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

(1)Investment in and related repurchase obligation for fractional shares resulting from the Company’s dividend reinvestment program (“DRIP”).

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

(1)Investment in and related repurchase obligation for fractional shares resulting from the Company’s DRIP.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value

The following tables summarize the carrying values, fair values and fair value hierarchy level classification of financial instruments that are not measured at fair value (in thousands):

(1)Includes repayable loans and forgivable loans which have converted to repayable upon advisor termination or change in agreed upon terms.

(2)Includes cash balances awaiting investment or distribution to plan participants.

(3)Other investments include Depository Trust Company common shares and Federal Reserve stock.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 6 -INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The Company’s investment securities include debt and equity securities that the Company has classified as trading securities, which are carried at fair value, as well as investments in U.S. government notes, which are held by The Private Trust Company, N.A. to satisfy minimum capital requirements of the OCC. These securities are recorded at amortized cost and classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has both the intent and ability to hold these investments to maturity.

The following table summarizes investment securities (in thousands):

At March 31, 2024, the held-to-maturity securities were scheduled to mature as follows (in thousands):

NOTE 7 -GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES, NET

A summary of the activity impacting goodwill is presented below (in thousands):

The Company completed various acquisitions, which were accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations and as asset acquisitions, and recorded purchase accounting adjustments during the periods presented. See Note 4 -Acquisitions, for additional information.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

The components of other intangibles, net were as follows at March 31, 2024 (in thousands):

(1)During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company completed various acquisitions. See Note 4 -Acquisitions, for additional information.

The components of other intangibles, net were as follows at December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

(1)During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company completed various acquisitions. See Note 4 -Acquisitions, for additional information.

Total amortization of other intangibles was $29.6 million and $24.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Future amortization is estimated as follows (in thousands):

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 8 -OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES

The components of other assets and other liabilities were as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)Investment in and related repurchase obligation for fractional shares resulting from the Company’s DRIP program.

(2)See Note 3 -Revenue for further information.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

NOTE 9 -CORPORATE DEBT AND OTHER BORROWINGS, NET

The Company’s outstanding corporate debt and other borrowings, net were as follows (in thousands):

(1)No leverage or interest coverage maintenance covenants.

(2)The Parent’s outstanding balance at March 31, 2024 was comprised of an alternate base rate (“ABR”)-based balance of $10.0 million with the applicable margin of ABR +37.5 bps (8.875%) and a SOFR-based balance of $391.0 million with the applicable margin of SOFR +147.5 bps (6.800%).

The following table presents amounts outstanding and available under the Company’s external lines of credit at March 31, 2024 (in millions):

Issuance of 2028 Senior Notes

LPLH issued $750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.750% senior notes on November 17, 2023 at 99.929% (“2028 Senior Notes”). The 2028 Senior Notes are unsecured obligations that will mature on November 17, 2028, and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by LPLFH. The Company used the proceeds from the issuance to repay borrowings made under its senior secured revolving credit facility and for general corporate purposes. In connection with the issuance of the 2028 Senior Notes, the Company incurred $6.3 million in costs, which were capitalized as debt issuance costs in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Credit Agreement

On March 13, 2023, LPLFH and LPLH entered into a sixth amendment agreement to the Company’s amended and restated credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which, among other things, replaced LIBOR with SOFR. The Credit Agreement subjects the Company to certain financial and non-financial covenants. As of March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with such covenants.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Parent Revolving Credit Facility

On July 18, 2023, LPLH amended its revolving credit facility to, among other things, increase the maximum borrowing from $1.0 billion to $2.0 billion. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum ranging from 112.5 to 187.5 basis points over SOFR plus 10 basis points or 12.5 to 87.5 basis points over the alternate base rate (the greatest of (i) the NYFRB Rate plus 1/2 of 1%, (ii) the Prime Rate and (iii) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate for a one month Interest Period plus 1%, each as defined in the Credit Agreement) depending on the Debt Ratings (as defined in the Credit Agreement). In connection with the amendment of the credit facility, LPLH incurred $5.5 million in costs, which were capitalized as debt issuance costs in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Broker-Dealer Revolving Credit Facility

On July 18, 2023, LPL Financial, the Company’s broker-dealer subsidiary, renewed its committed senior unsecured revolving credit facility that matures on July 16, 2024 and allows for a maximum borrowing of up to $1.0 billion. Borrowings under the credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum equal to 1.25% per annum plus the greatest of (i) SOFR plus 0.10%, (ii) the effective federal funds rate and (iii) the overnight bank funding rate, in each case, as such rate is administered or determined by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York from time to time. In connection with the renewal of the credit facility, LPL Financial incurred$1.7 million in costs, which were capitalized as debt issuance costs in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. The broker-dealer credit agreement subjects LPL Financial to certain financial and non-financial covenants. LPL Financial was in compliance with such covenants as of March 31, 2024.

Other External Lines of Credit

LPL Financial maintained five uncommitted lines of credit as of March 31, 2024. Two of the lines have unspecified limits, which are primarily dependent on LPL Financial’s ability to provide sufficient collateral. The other three lines have a total limit of$200.0 million, which allow for uncollateralized borrowings. There wereno balances outstanding under these lines at March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

NOTE 10 -COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Service and Development Contracts

The Company is party to certain long-term contracts for systems and services that enable back-office trade processing and clearing for its product and service offerings.

Guarantees

The Company occasionally enters into contracts that contingently require it to indemnify certain parties against third-party claims. The terms of these obligations vary and, because a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated, the Company has determined that it is not possible to make an estimate of the amount that it could be obligated to pay under such contracts.

LPL Financial provides guarantees to securities clearing houses and exchanges under their standard membership agreements, which require a member to guarantee the performance of other members. Under these agreements, if a member becomes unable to satisfy its obligations to the clearing houses and exchanges, all other members would be required to meet any shortfall. The Company’s liability under these arrangements is not quantifiable and could exceed the cash and securities it has posted as collateral. However, the potential requirement for the Company to make payments under these agreements is remote. Accordingly, no liability has been recognized for these transactions.

Loan Commitments

From time to time, LPL Financial makes loans to advisors and institutions, primarily to newly recruited advisors and institutions to assist in the transition process, which may be forgivable. Due to timing differences, LPL Financial may make commitments to issue such loans prior to actually funding them. These commitments are generally contingent upon certain events occurring, including but not limited to the advisor or institution joining LPL Financial. LPL Financial had no significant unfunded loan commitments at March 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Legal and Regulatory Matters

The Company is subject to extensive regulation and supervision by U.S. federal and state agencies and various self-regulatory organizations. The Company and its advisors periodically engage with such agencies and organizations, in the context of examinations or otherwise, to respond to inquiries, informational requests and investigations. From time to time, such engagements result in regulatory complaints or other matters, the resolution of which has in the past and may in the future include fines, customer restitution and other remediation. Assessing the probability of a loss occurring and the timing and amount of any loss related to a legal proceeding or regulatory matter is inherently difficult. While the Company exercises significant and complex judgments to make certain estimates presented in its condensed consolidated financial statements, there are particular uncertainties and complexities involved when assessing the potential outcomes of legal proceedings and regulatory matters. The Company’s assessment process considers a variety of factors and assumptions, which may include: the procedural status of the matter and any recent developments; prior experience and the experience of others in similar matters; the size and nature of potential exposures; available defenses; the progress of fact discovery; the opinions of counsel and experts; or the potential opportunities for settlement and the status of any settlement discussions. The Company monitors these factors and assumptions for new developments and re-assesses the likelihood that a loss will occur and the estimated range or amount of loss, if those amounts can be reasonably determined. The Company has established an accrual for those legal proceedings and regulatory matters for which a loss is both probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

In October 2022, the Company received a request for information from the SEC in connection with an investigation of the Company’s compliance with records preservation requirements for business-related electronic communications stored on personal devices or messaging platforms that have not been approved by the Company. In 2023, the SEC proposed a potential settlement, under which the Company would pay a $50.0 million civil monetary penalty. As a result, the Company recorded $40.0 million in other expense in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2023 to reflect the amount of the penalty that is not covered by the Company’s captive insurance subsidiary. On March 22, 2024, the Company reached a settlement in principle with the staff of the SEC to resolve its civil investigation. The Company expects to pay the civil monetary penalty of $50.0 million during the second quarter of 2024. The settlement in principle remains subject to the negotiation of definitive documentation and approval by the SEC.

Third-Party Insurance

The Company maintains third-party insurance coverage for certain potential legal proceedings, including those involving certain client claims. With respect to such client claims, the estimated losses on many of the pending matters are less than the applicable deductibles of the insurance policies.

Self-Insurance

The Company has self-insurance for certain potential liabilities through its captive insurance subsidiary. Liabilities associated with the risks that are retained by the Company are not discounted and are estimated by considering, in part, historical claims experience, severity factors, and actuarial assumptions and estimates. The estimated accruals for these potential liabilities could be significantly affected if future occurrences and claims differ from such assumptions and historical trends, so there are particular complexities and uncertainties involved when assessing the adequacy of loss reserves for potential liabilities that are self-insured. Self-insurance liabilities are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Self-insurance related charges are included in other expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of self-insurance liabilities for the periods presented (in thousands):

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LPL FINANCIAL HOLDINGS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIESNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Other Commitments

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had approximately $484.9 million of client margin loans that were collateralized with securities having a fair value of approximately $678.9 million that LPL Financial can repledge, loan or sell. Of these securities, approximately $357.2 million were client-owned securities pledged to the Options Clearing Corporation as collateral to secure client obligations related to options positions. As of March 31, 2024, there were no restrictions that materially limited the Company’s ability to repledge, loan or sell the remaining $321.7 million of client collateral.

Investment securities on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition include $8.4 million and $5.5 million of trading securities pledged to the Options Clearing Corporation at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and $19.7 million and $19.9 million of trading securities pledged to the National Securities Clearing Corporation at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.