CHEGG INC
For the period ended Dec 31, 2023. Filed Feb 20, 2024.
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FY2023 · Filed Feb 20, 2024
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Chegg, Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Chegg, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders' equity, and cash flows, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and the schedules listed in the Index at Item 15.2 (collectively referred to as the "financial statements"). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 20, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current-period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Goodwill — Refer to Notes 2 and 7 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
The Company tests goodwill for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be recoverable. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company performed a quantitative assessment of goodwill of its single reporting unit. This assessment utilized significant estimates and assumptions including but not limited to, discount rate and forecasts of future revenue and operating margin, used to calculate projected future cash flows, as well as the determination of appropriate market comparable companies, metrics and multiples. Changes in these assumptions could have a significant impact on either the fair value of the Company’s single reporting unit, the amount of goodwill impairment charge, if any, or both. As of the year ended December 31, 2023 the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded the carrying value, and therefore, no impairment was recorded. The goodwill balance was $632.0 million as of December 31, 2023.
We identified goodwill for the Company’s single reporting unit as a critical audit matter because of the significant judgments made by management to estimate the fair value of the Company’s single reporting unit. This required a high degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort, including the need to involve our fair value specialists, when performing audit procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s estimates and assumptions related to selection of the discount rate and forecasts of future revenue and operating margin.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to the discount rate and forecasts of future revenue and operating margin, used by management to estimate the fair value of the Company’s single reporting unit, included the following, among others:
We tested the effectiveness of controls over management’s goodwill impairment evaluation, including those over the determination of the fair value of the Company’s single reporting unit, such as controls related to management’s selection of the discount rate and forecasts of future revenue and operating margin.
We evaluated management’s ability to accurately forecast future revenues and operating margins by comparing actual results to management’s historical forecasts.
We evaluated the reasonableness of management's revenue and operating margin forecasts by comparing the forecasts to:
historical results,
internal communications to management and the Board of Directors, and
forecasted information included in Company press releases as well as in analyst and industry reports for the Company and certain of its peer companies.
With the assistance of our fair value specialists, we evaluated the reasonableness of the (1) valuation methodology and (2) discount rate by:
Testing the source information underlying the determination of the discount rate and the mathematical accuracy of the calculation.
Developing a range of independent estimates and comparing those to the discount rate selected by management.
Convertible Senior Notes - Refer to Notes 2 and 8 to the financial statements
Critical Audit Matter Description
In May 2023, the Company extinguished $85.8 million and $341.1 million principal amount of the 2026 and 2025 Notes, respectively, which had an aggregate carrying value of $423.5 million for a total reacquisition price of $369.8 million (including $1.2 million in fees). Further, in August 2023, the Company extinguished an additional $169.7 million principal amount of the 2026 Notes, which had a carrying value of $168.3 million for a total reacquisition price of $136.2 million (including $0.4 million in fees). The Company elected to reacquire and not cancel the extinguished 2026 notes and left the associated capped call transactions outstanding. This resulted in a total gain on extinguishment of $85.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Auditing the following elements involved a higher degree of auditor judgment and an increased extent of effort due to the nature and extent of specialized skill and knowledge required of the Company’s accounting assessment of the settlement including the conclusion that the settlement should be accounted for as an extinguishment.
How the Critical Audit Matter Was Addressed in the Audit
Our audit procedures related to evaluating the extinguishment of the convertible senior notes included the following, among others:
We tested the operating effectiveness of the controls over the Company’s accounting for the extinguishment of the 2026 and 2025 convertible senior notes.
Our testing included reading the underlying agreements and evaluating the Company’s accounting analysis underlying the accounting of the convertible senior notes, including the determination of the balance sheet classification of each transaction, identification of any derivatives included in the arrangements, and determination that the 2026 and 2025 convertible senior notes was a debt extinguishment.
We utilized more experienced professionals on our team when evaluating management’s assessment of the accounting for the extinguishment.
/s/DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
San Jose, California
February 20, 2024
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2018.
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Chegg, Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Chegg, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, of the Company and our report dated February 20, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
San Jose, California
February 20, 2024
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