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SUPERNUS PHARMACEUTICALS INC

For the period ended Mar 31, 2024. Filed May 8, 2024.

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About this filing

A company's report for each of its first three quarters. The financial statements are not audited. It shows how the business has moved since the last annual report, and what management says changed.

Mar 31, 2024 · Filed May 8, 2024

SUPN$27.62+5.6%Stored close · as of Nov 9, 2026

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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

  1. Business Organization

Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the "Company", see Note 2, Consolidation) is a biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing products for the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The Company's diverse neuroscience portfolio includes approved treatments for epilepsy, migraine, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), hypomobility in Parkinson’s Disease (PD), cervical dystonia, chronic sialorrhea, dyskinesia in PD patients receiving levodopa-based therapy, and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions in adult patients. The Company is developing a broad range of novel CNS product candidates including new potential treatments for hypomobility in PD, epilepsy, depression, and other CNS disorders.

The Company haseight commercial products that it markets: Qelbree®, GOCOVRI®, Oxtellar XR®, Trokendi XR®, APOKYN®, XADAGO®, MYOBLOC®, and Osmolex ER®. In addition, SPN-830 (apomorphine infusion device) is a late-stage drug/device combination product candidate for the continuous treatment of motor fluctuations ("OFF" episodes) in PD patients that are not adequately controlled with oral levodopa and one or more adjunct PD medications.

In December 2023, the Company submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) a notification of discontinuance to withdraw Osmolex ER from distribution, stating that manufacturing has been discontinued and distribution of the product will cease by April 1, 2024.

  1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for interim financial information. As permitted under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP), certain notes and other information have been omitted from the interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements presented in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC.

In management’s opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s future quarterly or annual results.

The Company, which is primarily located in the U.S., operates inone operating segment.

Reclassifications

The prior year amount related to the caption Employee taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows has been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. The reclassification did not affect the other condensed consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation

The Company's unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. These are collectively referred to herein as "Supernus" or "the Company." Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of its subsidiaries are distinct legal entities. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the consolidation of entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. In determining whether there is a controlling financial interest, the Company considers if it has a majority of the voting interests of the entity, or if the entity is a variable interest entity (VIE) and if the Company is the primary beneficiary. In determining the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the Company evaluates whether it has both: the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance; and the obligation to absorb losses of, or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to that VIE. The Company's judgment with respect to its level of influence or control of an entity involves the consideration of various factors, including the form of an ownership interest; representation in the entity's governance; the size of the investment; estimates of future cash flows; the ability to participate in policymaking decisions; and the rights of the other investors to participate in the decision making process, including the right to liquidate the entity, if applicable. If the Company is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and an ownership interest is maintained in the entity, the interest is accounted for under the equity or cost methods of accounting, as appropriate.

The Company continuously assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE as changes to existing relationships or future transactions may affect its conclusions.

Use of Estimates

The Company bases its estimates on: historical experience; forecasts; information received from its service providers; information from other sources, including public and proprietary sources; and other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from the Company’s estimates. The Company periodically evaluates the methodologies employed in making its estimates.

Advertising Expense

Advertising expense includes the cost of promotional materials and activities, such as printed materials and digital marketing, marketing programs and speaker programs. The cost of the Company's advertising efforts is expensed as incurred.

The Company incurred approximately $24.3 million and $25.9 million in advertising expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These expenses are recorded as a component of Selling, general and administrative expensesin the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of earnings.

Restricted Cash

The Company had a restricted cash balance of $403.8 million as of March 31, 2023 which was held in an escrow account with Wilmington Trust, Trustee, in connection with the payoff of the 0.625% Convertible Senior Notes Due 2023 (2023 Notes) which occurred on April 1, 2023.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same amounts shown in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows:

Three Months EndedMarch 31, 2023
End of periodBeginning of period
(unaudited)
Cash and cash equivalents$58,442$93,120
Restricted cash403,758—
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash per statements of cash flows$462,200$93,120

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements and Disclosure Rules

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280) - The new standard, issued in November 2023, improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker. ASU 2023-07 also clarifies that entities with a single reportable segment are subject to both new and existing reporting requirements under Topic 280. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, on a retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted. The Company plans to adopt the guidance for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. We expect ASU 2023-07 to require additional disclosures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the adoption of this guidance will have on the consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (Topic 740) - The new standard, issued in December 2023, requires entities to disclose additional information with respect to the effective tax rate reconciliation and to disclose the disaggregation by jurisdiction of income tax expense and income taxes paid. The standard is effective with annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The standard is to be applied on a prospective basis, although optional retrospective application is permitted. The Company plans to adopt the guidance for the fiscal year ending December 31,

  1. We expect ASU 2023-09 to require additional disclosures in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the effects the adoption of this guidance will have on the consolidated financial statements.

SEC Final Climate Rule

In March 2024, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted the final rule under SEC Release No. 33-11275, The Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures for Investors (Final Rule). This rule will require registrants to disclose certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports with staggered compliance dates for large accelerated filers for the fiscal year beginning 2025 through 2033 for the various aspects of the Final Rule. On April 4, 2024, the SEC issued an order staying the Final Rule. The SEC’s administrative stay is expected to remain in place until the completion of litigation filed in various federal courts challenging, among other things, the agency’s authority to adopt the Final Rule. The Company is currently evaluating the final rule to determine its impact on the Company's disclosures.

  1. Disaggregated Revenues

The following table summarizes the disaggregation of revenues by product or source, (dollars in thousands):

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Net product sales
Qelbree$45,104$25,782
Oxtellar XR26,94328,915
GOCOVRI26,56226,010
APOKYN16,64917,209
Trokendi XR15,98934,790
Other(1)7,2147,869
Total net product sales$138,461$140,575
Royalty and licensing revenues5,18313,189
Total revenues$143,644$153,764

The Company recognized noncash royalty revenue of $2.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company no longer recognizes noncash royalty revenue as ownership of the royalty rights reverted back to the Company during the second quarter of 2023.

The following table shows the percentage of net product sales to total net product sales:

Percentage of Net Product Sales
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Qelbree33%18%
Oxtellar XR19%21%
GOCOVRI19%18%
APOKYN12%12%
Trokendi XR12%25%
Other(1)5%6%
Total100%100%

Each of our three major customers, Cencora, Inc., Cardinal Health, Inc. and McKesson Corporation, individually accounted for more than 20% of our total gross product sales and collectively accounted for more than 70% of our total gross product sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

  1. Investments

Marketable Securities

Unrestricted available-for-sale marketable securities held by the Company are as follows, (dollars in thousands):

March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(unaudited)
Corporate, U.S. government agency and municipal debt securities
Amortized cost$246,635$197,153
Gross unrealized gains15
Gross unrealized losses(639)(721)
Total fair value$245,997$196,437

The contractual maturities of the unrestricted available-for-sale marketable securities held by the Company are as follows, (dollars in thousands):

March 31,2024
(unaudited)
Less than 1 year$234,335
1 year to 2 years11,662
Total$245,997

As of March 31, 2024, there wasno impairment due to credit loss on any available-for-sale marketable securities.

  1. Fair Value of Financial Measurements

The fair value of an asset or liability represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between unrelated market participants.

The Company reports the fair value of assets and liabilities using a three level measurement hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. Fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

Level 1—Valuations based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at measurement date for identical assets.

Level 2—Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active and model-based valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in the market, either directly or indirectly (e.g., interest rates; yield curves).

Level 3—Valuations using significant inputs that are unobservable in the market and inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions. These are based on the best information available, including the Company’s own data.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Fair Value Measurements as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited)
Total Fair Value as of March 31, 2024Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash$14,272$14,272$—$—
Money market funds49,12949,129——
Marketable securities
Corporate, U.S. government agency and municipal debt securities234,3353,950230,385—
Long-term marketable securities
Corporate and municipal debt securities11,662—11,662—
Other noncurrent assets
Marketable securities - restricted (SERP)61217595—
Total assets at fair value$310,010$67,368$242,642$—
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$52,355$—$—$52,355
Total liabilities at fair value$52,355$—$—$52,355
Total Fair Value as of December 31, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash$35,957$35,957$—$—
Money market funds39,09739,097——
Marketable securities
Corporate, U.S. government agency and municipal debt securities179,820—179,820—
Long-term marketable securities
Corporate and municipal debt securities16,617—16,617—
Other noncurrent assets
Marketable securities - restricted (SERP)56816552—
Total assets at fair value$272,059$75,070$196,989$—
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$53,450$—$—$53,450
Total liabilities at fair value$53,450$—$—$53,450

The fair value of restricted marketable securities is recorded in Other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. There have been no transfers of assets or liabilities into or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of other financial instruments, including accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and line of credit approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities.

  1. Contingent Consideration

The following table provides the current and long-term portions related to the contingent consideration for the USWM Acquisition and Adamas Acquisition (as defined below) (dollars in thousands):

March 31,2024December 31,2023
Reported under the following captions in the condensed consolidated balance sheets: · (unaudited)
Contingent consideration, current portion$51,379$52,070
Contingent consideration, long-term9761,380
Total$52,355$53,450

The Company's contingent consideration liabilities are related to the USWM Acquisition in 2020 and the Adamas Acquisition in 2021. The contingent consideration liabilities are measured at fair value using either a Monte Carlo simulation or the income approach. The Company classifies its contingent consideration liabilities as Level 3 fair value measurements based on the significant unobservable inputs used to estimate fair value. These reflect the inputs and assumptions the Company believes would be made by market participants. Changes in any of those inputs together or in isolation may result in significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. The change in fair value is reported on the condensed consolidated statement of earnings in Contingent consideration (gain) expense.

USWM Contingent Consideration

On June 9, 2020 (the USWM Closing Date), the Company completed its acquisition of all the outstanding equity of USWM Enterprises, LLC (USWM Enterprises) (USWM Acquisition). The USWM Acquisition included potential additional contingent consideration payments for regulatory and development milestones and sales-based milestones. As of March 31, 2024, the remaining potential contingent consideration payments are up to $55 million in regulatory and development milestones comprised of (1) $25 million related to the FDA's approval of the SPN-830 NDA and (2) $30 million related to the subsequent commercial product launch.

The key assumptions considered in estimating the fair value include the estimated probability and timing of milestone achievement, such as the probability and timing of obtaining regulatory approval, timing of projected revenues, and the discount rate.

Adamas Contingent Consideration

On November 24, 2021 (the Adamas Closing Date), the Company completed its acquisition of all the outstanding equity of Adamas (Adamas Acquisition). The Adamas Acquisition included payment oftwo non-tradable contingent value rights (CVRs) each of which represents the contractual right to receive a contingent payment upon the achievement of the applicable aggregate worldwide net product sales of GOCOVRI.

Each CVR represents the contractual right to receive a contingent payment of $0.50 per share in cash, less any applicable withholding taxes and without interest, upon the achievement of the applicable milestone (each such amount, a Milestone Payment) in accordance with the terms of a Contingent Value Rights Agreement entered into between the Company and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, as rights agent, as further defined in the CVR agreement. One Milestone Payment is payable (subject to certain terms and conditions) upon the first occurrence of the achievement of aggregate worldwide net sales of GOCOVRI in excess of $150 million during any consecutive 12-month period ending on or before December 31, 2024 (Milestone 2024). Another Milestone Payment is payable (subject to certain terms and conditions) upon the first occurrence of the achievement of aggregate worldwide net sales of GOCOVRI in excess of $225 million during any consecutive 12-month period ending on or before December 31, 2025 (Milestone 2025 and, together with Milestone 2024, the Milestones). Each Milestone may only be achieved once. The possible outcomes for the contingent consideration range from $0 to $50.9 million on an undiscounted basis.

The key assumptions considered in estimating the fair value of the Adamas sales-based milestones include the estimated revenue projections, volatility, estimated discount rates and risk-free interest rate.

Change in the Fair Value of Contingent Consideration

The following tables provide a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances related to the contingent consideration for the USWM Acquisition and Adamas Acquisition (dollars in thousands):

USWM AcquisitionAdamas AcquisitionTotal
Balance at December 31, 2023$46,400$7,050$53,450
Change in fair value recognized in earnings680(1,775)(1,095)
Balance at March 31, 2024 (unaudited)$47,080$5,275$52,355
USWM AcquisitionAdamas AcquisitionTotal
Balance at December 31, 2022$46,270$8,697$54,967
Change in fair value recognized in earnings(1,710)63(1,647)
Balance at March 31, 2023 (unaudited)$44,560$8,760$53,320

The Company recorded the following changes in fair value of the contingent consideration liability for the USWM milestones:

The Company recorded a $0.7 million expense due to the change in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities for the USWM milestones for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the USWM milestones was primarily due to passage of time.

The Company recorded a $1.7 million gain due to the change in the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities for the USWM milestones for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The change in the fair value of contingent consideration for the USWM milestones was primarily due to the change in timing of the regulatory and developmental milestone achievement and estimated discount rates.

The Company recorded the following changes in fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities for the Adamas CVRs:

The Company recorded a $1.8 million gain due to the change in fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities for the Adamas CVRs for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The change in fair value of contingent consideration was primarily due to passage of time.

The Company recorded a $0.1 million expense due to the change in fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities for the Adamas CVRs for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The change in fair value was primarily due to the passage of time and estimated discount rates.

  1. Intangibles Assets, Net

The following table sets forth the gross carrying amounts and related accumulated amortization of intangibles assets (dollars in thousands):

March 31,2024 · December 31,2023
(unaudited)
Remaining WeightedAverage Life (Years)Carrying Amount, GrossAccumulated AmortizationCarrying Amount, NetCarrying Amount, GrossAccumulated AmortizationCarrying Amount, Net
Acquired in-process research and development$124,000$—$124,000$124,000$—$124,000
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Acquired developed technology and product rights6.61661,311(208,667)452,644661,311(190,395)470,916
Capitalized patent defense costs0.4243,820(40,712)3,10843,820(38,847)4,973
Total intangible assets6.57$829,131$(249,379)$579,752$829,131$(229,242)$599,889

Amortization expense for intangible assets was $20.1 million and $20.0 million, for the three month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

U.S. patents covering Trokendi XR and Oxtellar XR will expire no earlier than 2027. The Company entered into settlement agreements that allowed third parties to enter the Trokendi XR market on January 1, 2023. The Company entered into settlement and license agreements that allows a third party to enter the Oxtellar XR market in September 2024, or sooner under certain conditions.

  1. Debt

Uncommitted Demand Secured Line of Credit

On February 8, 2023, the Company entered into a credit line agreement with UBS (the "Credit Line"). The Credit Line provides for a revolving line of credit of up to $150 million, which can be drawn at any time. Any fixed rate borrowing will bear interest at a fixed interest rate, equal to the sum of (i) the UBS Fixed Funding Rate (as defined in the Credit Line) plus (ii) the applicable Percentage Spread established in the Credit Line. Any variable rate borrowing will bear interest at a variable interest rate, equal to the sum of (i) the UBS Variable Rate (as defined in the Credit Line) plus (ii) the applicable Percentage Spread established in the Credit Line.

The Credit Line is secured by a first priority lien and security interest in certain of the Company’s assets, including each account of the Company at UBS Financial Services Inc. (the “Collateral Account”), and other such collateral (collectively, the Collateral), as further defined in the Credit Line. The Company may be required to post additional collateral if the value of the Collateral declines below the required collateral maintenance requirements.

Upon certain customary events of default, all amounts due under the Credit Line will become immediately due and payable without demand, and UBS has the right, in its discretion, to liquidate, transfer, withdraw or sell all or any part of the Collateral and apply the proceeds to repay any borrowings pursuant to the Credit Line.

The Company has the right to repay any variable rate advance under the Credit Line at any time, in whole or in part, without penalty. The Company may repay any fixed rate advance in whole, but may not repay any fixed rate advance in part. In its discretion and without cause, UBS has the right at any time to demand full or partial payment of amounts borrowed pursuant to the Credit Line and terminate the Credit Line.

On March 30, 2023, the Company borrowed $93.0 million under the Credit Line, which bore a variable interest rate. The funds from this borrowing were used to repay outstanding indebtedness under the 2023 Notes. In the second quarter of 2023, the Company repaid the total principal balance of $93.0 million under the Credit Line and the interest incurred on the Credit Line of $0.7 million. As of March 31, 2024, there wasno outstanding debt under the Credit Line.

  1. Share-Based Payments

Share-based compensation expense is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Research and development$1,365$958
Selling, general and administrative4,5325,348
Total$5,897$6,306

Stock Option and Stock Appreciation Rights

The following table summarizes stock option and stock appreciation rights (SAR) activities:

Number ofOptionsWeighted AverageExercise PriceWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm (in years)
Outstanding, December 31, 20236,583,822$29.205.90
Granted1,107,662$27.94
Exercised(154,567)$18.83
Forfeited(71,499)$25.31
Outstanding, March 31, 2024 (unaudited)7,465,418$29.266.37
As of March 31, 2024 (unaudited):
Vested and expected to vest7,465,418$29.266.37
Exercisable4,715,920$27.824.84
As of December 31, 2023:
Vested and expected to vest6,583,822$29.205.90
Exercisable4,110,537$26.584.43

Restricted Stock Units

The following table summarizes restricted stock unit (RSU) activities:

Number ofRSUsWeighted AverageGrant Date Fair Value per Share
Nonvested, December 31, 2023300,141$36.90
Granted193,914$27.94
Vested(95,397)$36.87
Forfeited(1,750)$35.86
Nonvested, March 31, 2024396,908$32.54

Performance Share Units

The following table summarizes performance share unit (PSU) activities:

Performance-Based UnitsMarket-Based UnitsTotal PSUs
Number of PSUsWeightedAverageGrant Date Fair Value per ShareNumber of PSUsWeightedAverageGrant Date Fair Value per ShareNumber of PSUsWeightedAverageGrant Date Fair Value per Share
Nonvested, December 31, 2023251,630$32.2220,000$28.63271,630$31.96
Vested(39,080)$33.47—$—(39,080)$33.47
Forfeited(52,000)$28.93—$—(52,000)$28.93
Nonvested, March 31, 2024160,550$32.9820,000$28.63180,550$32.51
  1. Earnings per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts):

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Numerator:
Net earnings$124$16,948
After-tax interest expense for 2023 Notes—892
Numerator for dilutive earnings per share$124$17,840
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic54,801,74854,380,947
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options, RSUs and SARs824,9151,289,321
Convertible notes—6,783,936
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted55,626,66362,454,204
Earnings per share, basic$0.00$0.31
Earnings per share, diluted$0.00$0.29

The following table sets forth the common stock equivalents of outstanding stock-based awards excluded in the calculation of diluted EPS because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive:

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Stock options, RSUs, PSUs520,152240,398
  1. Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

The following table provides information regarding the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Income tax expense (benefit)$119$(7,931)
Effective tax rate49.0%(88.0)%

Income tax expense was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to an income tax benefit of $7.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The change was primarily due to almost break-even pre-tax income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and greater full year 2024 forecasted losses as compared to the same period in 2023. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was higher compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to near break-even pre-tax losses forecasted for the full year 2023. The annual forecasted earnings represent the Company's best estimate as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, are subject to change and could have a material impact on the effective tax rate in subsequent periods. Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) 740, Income Taxes(ASC 740), requires the Company to estimate the annual effective income tax rate for the full year and apply it to pre-tax income (loss) for each interim period, taking into account year-to-date amounts and projected results for the full year.

  1. Leases

Operating lease assets and lease liabilities as reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Balance Sheet ClassificationMarch 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(unaudited)
Assets
Operating lease assetsOther assets$29,748$28,994
Total lease assets$29,748$28,994
Liabilities
Operating lease liabilities, current portionAccounts payable and accrued liabilities$9,133$8,331
Operating lease liabilities, long-termOperating lease liabilities, long-term32,99433,196
Total lease liabilities$42,127$41,527
  1. Composition of Other Balance Sheet Items

The following details the composition of other balance sheet items (dollars in thousands for amounts in tables):

Accounts Receivables, Net

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has reduced accounts receivable by approximately $12.0 million and $10.7 million, respectively for prompt pay discounts and contractual service fees, which were originally recorded as a reduction to revenues and represent estimated amounts not expected to be paid by our customers. The Company's customers are primarily pharmaceutical wholesalers and distributors and specialty pharmacies.

Inventories, Net

March 31,2024December 31,2023
(unaudited)
Raw materials$18,803$16,274
Work in process23,24631,212
Finished goods33,03029,922
Total$75,079$77,408

Property and Equipment, Net

March 31,2024December 31,2023
(unaudited)
Lab equipment and furniture$13,120$13,069
Leasehold improvements14,02314,023
Software883883
Computer equipment960960
28,98628,935
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(16,017)(15,405)
Property and equipment, net$12,969$13,530

Depreciation and amortization expense on property and equipment was approximately $0.6 million and $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and 2023, respectively.

Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities

March 31,2024December 31,2023
(unaudited)
Accounts payable$14,397$1,964
Accrued compensation, benefits, & related accruals16,44420,722
Accrued sales & marketing13,26311,666
Accrued manufacturing expenses9,11811,652
Accrued R&D expenses9,09210,530
Operating lease liabilities, current portion (2)9,1338,331
Accrued royalties (1)6,9637,918
Other accrued expenses7,9926,786
Total$86,402$79,569

(1) Refer to Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies.

(2) Refer to Note 12, Leases.

Accrued Product Returns and Rebates

March 31,2024December 31,2023
(unaudited)
Accrued product rebates$107,681$96,984
Accrued product returns59,54557,290
Total$167,226$154,274
  1. Interest Expense

The following details the composition of interest expense (dollars in thousands):

Three Months EndedMarch 31,
20242023
(unaudited)
Interest expense$—$(656)
Interest expense on nonrecourse liability related to sale of future royalties—(317)
Noncash interest expense on debt—(532)
Total$—$(1,505)

Noncash interest expense on debt is related to amortization of deferred financing costs on the 2023 Notes. The Company fully amortized the deferred financing costs on the 2023 Notes in the first quarter of 2023.

  1. Commitments and Contingencies

Product Licenses

The Company has obtained exclusive licenses from third parties for proprietary rights to support the product candidates in the Company's CNS portfolio. Under these license agreements, the Company may be required to pay certain amounts upon the achievement of defined milestones. If these products are ultimately commercialized, the Company is also obligated to pay royalties to third parties, computed as a percentage of net product sales, for each respective product under a license agreement.

Through the USWM Acquisition, the Company acquired licensing agreements with other pharmaceutical companies for APOKYN, XADAGO, and MYOBLOC. The Company is obligated to pay royalties to third parties, computed as a percentage of net product sales, for each of the products under the respective license agreements. The royalty expense incurred for these acquired products is recognized as Cost of goods sold in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings.

USWM Enterprise Commitments Assumed

As part of the USWM Acquisition, the Company assumed the remaining commitments of USWM Enterprises and its subsidiaries, which are discussed below.

The Company assumed the annual minimum purchase requirement of MYOBLOC, amounting to an estimated €3.9 million annually, under the contract manufacturing agreement with Merz for manufacture and supply.

MDD US Operations, LLC (formerly US WorldMeds, LLC) and its subsidiary, Solstice Neurosciences, LLC (US) (collectively, the MDD Subsidiaries) entered into a Corporate Integrity Agreement (CIA) with the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services which was effective in April 2019. Under the CIA, the MDD Subsidiaries agreed to and paid $17.5 million to resolve U.S. Department of Justice allegations that it violated the False Claims Act and committed to the establishment and ongoing maintenance of an effective compliance program. The fine was paid by the MDD Subsidiaries prior to closing of the USWM Acquisition. As part of the USWM Acquisition, the Company assumed the obligations of the CIA and could become liable for payment of certain stipulated monetary penalties in the event of any CIA violations. In addition, the Company will continue to maintain a broad array of processes, policies and procedures necessary to comply with the CIA through March 2024.

Claims and Litigation

From time to time, the Company may be involved in various claims, litigation and legal proceedings. These matters may involve patent litigation, product liability and other product-related litigation, commercial and other matters, and government investigations, among others. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews the status of each significant matter and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim, asserted or unasserted, or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company will accrue a liability for the estimated loss. Because of uncertainties related to claims, legal proceedings and litigation, accruals will be based on the Company's best estimates based on available information. The Company does not believe that any of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our financial position. The Company may reassess the potential liability related to these matters and may revise these estimates. The process of resolving matters through litigation or other means is inherently uncertain and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of these matters will adversely affect the Company, its results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

NAMENDA XR/Namzaric Qui Tam Litigation

On April 1, 2019, Adamas was served with a complaint filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California (the District Court) (Case No. 3:18-cv-03018-JCS) against it and several Allergan entities alleging violations of federal and state false claims acts (FCA) in connection with the commercialization of NAMENDA XR and Namzaric by Allergan. The lawsuit is aqui tam complaint brought by an individual, asserting rights of the federal government and various state governments. The lawsuit was originally filed in May 2018 under seal, and Adamas became aware of the lawsuit when it was served. The complaint alleges that patents held by Allergan and Adamas covering NAMENDA XR and Namzaric were procured through fraud on the United States Patent and Trademark Office and that these patents were asserted against potential generic manufacturers of NAMENDA XR and Namzaric to prevent the generic manufacturers from entering the market, thereby wrongfully excluding generic competition resulting in artificially high price being charged to government payors. Adamas' patents in question were licensed exclusively to Forest Laboratories Holdings Limited. The complaint includes a claim for damages of "potentially more than $2.5 billion dollars," treble damages and statutory penalties. To date the federal and state governments have declined to intervene in this action. This case is currently stayed pending Adamas's and Allergan's interlocutory appeal of the District Court's December 11, 2020 order denying Adamas's and Allergan's motion to dismiss the complaint. The appeal is pending in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Case No. 21-80005). Argument was held on January 10, 2022. On August 25, 2022, the Ninth Circuit sided with the defendants by reversing the District Court’s public disclosure bar rulings and remanding the case back to the District Court to decide certain issues in the first instance. On October 11, 2022, the plaintiff filed a petition for rehearing with the Ninth Circuit which was denied on November 3, 2022. On December 23, 2022, the defendants filed renewed motions to dismiss directed to the remaining unresolved issue. On March 20, 2023, the District Court entered an order and final judgement dismissing with prejudice the FCA claim while declining to exercise supplemental jurisdiction over the state false claims act claims which were dismissed without prejudice. On April 19, 2023, the plaintiff appealed the District Court's dismissal of the Federal False Claims Act claim. On February 20, 2024, the plaintiff filed a motion for an indicative ruling and to set aside the judgment in the District Court, based on the same arguments raised in his appeal. That motion was fully briefed and the District Court determined that the motion for an indicative ruling was suitable for determination without a hearing. On May 7, 2024, the District Court denied the plaintiff’s motion for an indicative ruling. The plaintiff’s appeal remains pending in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

APOKYN Litigation

On October 3, 2022, Sage Chemical, Inc. and TruPharma, LLC filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware (Case No.22-cv-1302) alleging that Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Britannia Pharmaceuticals Limited, and US WorldMeds Partners, LLC violated state and federal antitrust law in connection with APOKYN. On January 10, 2023, the Company filed motions to dismiss all claims and the lawsuit in its entirety. As of April 12, 2023, briefing on those motions is now complete. Those motions remain pending. On April 10, 2023, the Court issued a scheduling order that provides for a Pretrial Conference on March 7, 2025, and a jury trial beginning on March 24, 2025. Pretrial discovery is ongoing. The Company intends to defend itself vigorously. However, the Company can offer no assurances that it will be successful in a litigation.

  1. Subsequent Events

SPN-830 Regulatory Development

In April 2024, the FDA issued a Complete Response Letter (CRL) regarding the New Drug Application (NDA) for SPN-830. The CRL mentions two areas that require additional review by the FDA or additional information to be provided to the FDA. The first area relates to product quality. Prior to the issuance of the CRL, the Company submitted additional product quality data to the FDA, which it had not yet reviewed at the time of the CRL's issuance. The second relates to the master file for the infusion device, which is proprietary to the device manufacturer. No clinical safety or efficacy issues were identified as a requirement for approval.

The Company is in the process of analyzing the CRL and determining next steps for the resubmission of the NDA. While it is too early to ascertain the full impact to our financial statements, we may identify indicators of impairment for the related IPR&D asset, which represents an estimate of the fair value of SPN-830, resulting from the receipt of the CRL. Additionally, the Company also expects to assess adjustments to the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities related to the milestone payments due upon the achievement of certain FDA regulatory approvals and the commercial launch of SPN-830. While we are unable to estimate the anticipated financial impact at this time, any potential adjustments would be recognized and reported within the second quarter of 2024. Any material adjustments to the fair value of the IPR&D asset or the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities could impact the Company’s results of operations and financial condition.

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