CIMPRESS plc

1. Description of the Business

Cimpress is a strategically focused collection of businesses that specialize in print mass customization, through which we deliver large volumes of individually small-sized customized orders of printed materials and related products. Our products and services include a broad range of marketing materials, business cards, signage, promotional products, logo apparel, packaging, books and magazines, wall decor, photo merchandise, invitations and announcements, design and digital marketing services, and other categories. Mass customization is a core element of the business model of each Cimpress business and is a competitive strategy which seeks to produce goods and services to meet individual customer needs with near mass production efficiency.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Cimpress plc, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and entities in which we maintain a controlling financial interest. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Investments in entities in which we cannot exercise significant influence, and for which the related equity securities do not have a readily determinable fair value, are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets; otherwise the investments are recognized by applying equity method accounting. Our equity method investments are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. We believe our most significant estimates are associated with the ongoing evaluation of the recoverability of our long-lived assets and goodwill, estimated useful lives of assets, share-based compensation, and income taxes and related valuation allowances, among others. By their nature, estimates are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Ordinary Shares

During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we repurchased 714,667 of our ordinary shares on the open market and through privately negotiated transactions for $56,934. The repurchased shares were immediately cancelled after repurchase and therefore have been classified as authorized and unissued shares as of March 31, 2025.

Subsidiary Equity Option Awards

During the second quarter of fiscal 2025, we granted subsidiary-level option awards, which provide the founder group of one of our businesses with the option to purchase a 5.25% minority equity interest in each of the principal businesses that are included in our PrintBrothers reportable segment. The option awards have an expiration date of January 15, 2026, and upon exercise the underlying shares are subject to a ten-year lockup period, while the holders are subjected to non-compete provisions over the period in which they are shareholders, plus an additional two years. The fair value of the share option is determined as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model and the fair value is recognized ratably as expense over the non-compete period, as the provision is deemed to be substantive. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized $562 of share-based compensation expense within general and administrative expense in our consolidated statement of operations related to these awards.

Other (Expense) Income, Net

The following table summarizes the components of other (expense) income, net.

(1)Includes realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivative currency forward and option contracts not designated as hedging instruments. For contracts not designated as hedging instruments, we realized gains of $4,434 and $5,183 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, respectively, and losses of $349 and $838 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, respectively. Refer to Note 4 for additional details relating to our derivative contracts.

(2)Currency-related gains (losses), net primarily relates to significant non-functional currency intercompany financing relationships that we may change at times and are subject to currency exchange rate volatility. In addition, during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, we recognized gains of $1,748 and $1,454, respectively, on a cross-currency swap designated as a cash flow hedge which hedges the remeasurement of an intercompany loan. We did not hold any cross-currency swap contracts that were designated as cash flow hedges during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025. Refer to Note 4 for additional details regarding our cash flow hedges.

Net (Loss) Income Per Share Attributable to Cimpress plc

Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to Cimpress plc is computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to Cimpress plc by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding for the respective period. Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to Cimpress plc gives effect to all potentially dilutive securities, including share options, restricted share units (“RSUs”), performance share units ("PSUs"), and warrants, if the effect of the securities is dilutive using the treasury stock method. Awards with performance or market conditions are included using the treasury stock method only if the conditions would have been met as of the end of the reporting period and their effect is dilutive.

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the weighted-average number of ordinary shares.

(1) In the periods in which a net loss is recognized, the impact of share options, PSUs, RSUs and warrants is excluded from shares used in computed diluted net loss per share as it is anti-dilutive.

(2)On May 1, 2020, we entered into a financing arrangement which included 7-year warrants to purchase 1,055,377 of our ordinary shares with a strike price of $60 that have a potentially dilutive impact on our weighted average shares outstanding. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the average share price was below the strike price for the quarter; therefore, the total outstanding warrants were considered anti-dilutive. The weighted average anti-dilutive effect of the warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 1,055,377 and 309,000 (anti-dilutive due to our net loss position), respectively, and the weighted average dilutive effect of the warrants for the nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 was 196,438 and 184,608, respectively.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards to be Adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2024-03 "Income Statement (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses" (ASU 2024-03), which requires disaggregated disclosure of income statement expenses into specified categories. The expanded disclosure requirements will be effective starting with our annual report for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2028, as well as each interim period thereafter. Early adoption is permitted, but we do not intend to early adopt this standard.

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" (ASU 2023-09), which provides authoritative guidance about expanded annual disclosure requirements for the income tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The expanded disclosure requirements will be effective starting with our annual report for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2026. Early adoption is permitted, but we do not intend to early adopt this standard.

In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07 "Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures" (ASU 2023-07), which requires enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and introduces a reconciliation between segment revenue and segment profitability metrics. The expanded disclosure requirements will be effective starting with our annual report for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, as well as each interim period thereafter. We will include all required disclosures in our upcoming annual report under the retrospective transition method for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025.

3. Fair Value Measurements

We use a three-level valuation hierarchy for measuring fair value and include detailed financial statement disclosures about fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:

•Level 1: Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2: Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in markets that are not active and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•Level 3: Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following tables summarize our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy.

During the nine months ended March 31, 2025, and the year ended June 30, 2024, there were no significant transfers in or out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 classifications.

The valuations of the derivatives intended to mitigate our interest rate and currency risks are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each instrument. This analysis utilizes observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, interest rate volatility, or spot and forward exchange rates, and reflects the contractual terms of these instruments, including the period to maturity. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparties' nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements.

Although we have determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads, to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparties' nonperformance risk in the fair value measurement. However, as of March 31, 2025, we have assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivative positions and have determined that the credit valuation adjustments are not significant to the overall valuation of our derivatives. As a result, we have determined that our derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

Our held-to-maturity marketable securities are recognized at an amortized cost. As of March 31, 2025, we had no held-to-maturity securities. The following is a summary of the net carrying amount, unrealized losses, and fair value of held-to-maturity securities by type and contractual maturity as of June 30, 2024. The fair value was determined using quoted prices for identical assets in active markets, which fall into Level 1 under the fair value hierarchy. We did not record an allowance for credit losses and impairments for these marketable securities during the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

As of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the carrying amounts of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and other current liabilities approximated their estimated fair values. As of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the carrying value of our debt, excluding debt issuance costs and debt premiums and discounts, was $1,607,728 and $1,616,607, respectively, and the fair value was $1,568,896 and $1,617,364, respectively. Our debt at March 31, 2025 includes variable-rate debt instruments indexed to Term SOFR that reset periodically, as well as fixed-rate debt instruments. The estimated fair value of our debt was determined using available market information based on recent trades or activity of debt instruments with substantially similar risks, terms and maturities, which fall within Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy.

The estimated fair value of assets and liabilities disclosed above may not be representative of actual values that could have been or will be realized in the future.

4. Derivative Financial Instruments

We use derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swap contracts, cross-currency swap contracts, and currency forward and option contracts, to manage interest rate and foreign currency exposures. Derivatives are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. If a derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge or net investment hedge, then the change in the fair value of the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss and subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings. We previously had designated an intercompany loan as a net investment hedge, and any unrealized currency gains and losses on the loan are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Additionally, any ineffectiveness associated with an effective and designated hedge is recognized within accumulated other comprehensive loss. The change in the fair value of derivatives not designated as hedges is recognized directly in earnings as a component of other (expense) income, net.

Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

We enter into interest rate swap contracts to manage variability in the amount of our known or expected cash payments related to a portion of our debt. Our objective in using interest rate swaps is to add stability to interest expense and manage our exposure to interest rate movements. We designate our interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable amounts from a counterparty in exchange for us making fixed-rate payments over the life of the contract agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Realized gains or losses from interest rate swaps are recorded in earnings as a component of interest expense, net. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to interest rate swap contracts will be reclassified to interest expense, net as interest payments are accrued or made on our variable-rate debt.

As of March 31, 2025, we estimate that $2,818 of income will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense, net during the twelve months ending March 31, 2026. As of March 31, 2025, we hadnine effective outstanding interest rate swap contracts that were indexed to Term or Daily SOFR. Our interest rate swap contracts have varying start and maturity dates through April 2028.

(1)Based on contracts outstanding as of March 31, 2025, the notional value of our contracted interest rate swaps accruing interest will fluctuate between $215,000 and $380,000 through April 2028 based on layered start dates and maturities.

Hedges of Currency Risk

Cross-Currency Swap Contracts

We execute cross-currency swap contracts designated as net investment hedges. Cross-currency swaps involve an initial receipt of the notional amount in the hedged currency in exchange for our reporting currency based on a contracted exchange rate. Subsequently, we receive fixed rate payments in our reporting currency in exchange for fixed rate payments in the hedged currency over the life of the contract. At maturity, the final exchange involves the receipt of our reporting currency in exchange for the notional amount in the hedged currency.

Cross-currency swap contracts designated as net investment hedges are executed to mitigate our currency exposure of net investments in subsidiaries that have reporting currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As of March 31, 2025, we hadone outstanding cross-currency swap contract designated as a net investment hedge with a total notional amount of $254,547, maturing during September 2028. We entered into the cross-currency swap contract to hedge the risk of changes in the U.S. dollar equivalent value of a portion of our net investment in a consolidated subsidiary that has the Euro as its functional currency. Amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss are recognized as a component of our cumulative translation adjustment.

Other Currency Hedges

We execute currency forward and option contracts in order to mitigate our exposure to fluctuations in various currencies against our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. These contracts or intercompany loans may be designated as hedges to mitigate the risk of changes in the U.S. dollar equivalent value of a portion of our net investment in consolidated subsidiaries that have the Euro as their functional currency. The impact of net investment hedges is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss as a component of translation adjustments, net of hedges, and would only be reclassified to earnings if the hedged subsidiaries were no longer consolidated entities.

We have elected to not apply hedge accounting for all other currency forward and option contracts. During the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, we experienced volatility within other (expense) income, net, in our consolidated statements of operations from unrealized gains and losses on the mark-to-market of outstanding currency forward and option contracts. We expect this volatility to continue in future periods for contracts for which we do not apply hedge accounting. Additionally, since our hedging objectives may be targeted at non-GAAP financial metrics that exclude non-cash items such as depreciation and amortization, we may experience volatility in our GAAP results as a result of our currency hedging program.

In most cases, we enter into these currency derivative contracts, for which we do not apply hedge accounting, in order to address the risk for certain currencies where we have a net exposure to adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial metric. Adjusted EBITDA exposures are our focus for the majority of our mark-to-market currency forward and option contracts because a similar metric is referenced within the debt covenants of our amended and restated senior secured credit agreement (refer to Note 8 for additional information about this agreement). Our most significant net currency exposures by volume are the Euro and the British Pound (GBP). Our adjusted EBITDA hedging approach results in addressing nearly all of our forecasted Euro and GBP net exposures for the upcoming twelve months, with a declining hedged percentage out to twenty-four months. For certain other currencies with a smaller net impact, we hedge nearly all of our forecasted net exposures for the upcoming six months, with a declining hedge percentage out to fifteen months.

As of March 31, 2025, we had the following outstanding currency derivative contracts that were not designated for hedge accounting and were primarily used to hedge fluctuations in the U.S. dollar value of forecasted transactions or balances denominated in Australian Dollar, Canadian Dollar, Czech Koruna, Danish Krone, Euro, GBP, Indian Rupee, Mexican Peso, New Zealand Dollar, Norwegian Krone, Philippine Peso, Swiss Franc and Swedish Krona:

Financial Instrument Presentation

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the balance sheet as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024. Our derivative asset and liability balances fluctuate with interest rate and currency exchange rate volatility.

The following table presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments designated as hedging instruments and their classification within comprehensive loss, net of tax, for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents the adjustment to fair value recorded within the consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 for derivative instruments for which we did not elect hedge accounting.

5. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table presents a roll forward of amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, net of tax of $240, for the nine months ended March 31, 2025:

(1)Gains on cash flow hedges include our interest rate swap contracts designated in cash flow hedging relationships.

(2) As of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, the translation adjustment is inclusive of both the realized and unrealized effects of our net investment hedges. Gains on currency forward and cross-currency swap contracts designated as net investment hedges, net of tax, of $14,166 and $15,042 have been included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively. Intercompany loan hedge gains, net of tax, of $42,159 and $48,270 have been included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

6. Goodwill

The carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 was as follows:

(1) During the current quarter, we completed the acquisition of a small business that is part of our PrintBrothers reportable segment, which resulted in the recognition of goodwill of $1,121.

(2)Related to goodwill held by subsidiaries whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar.

7. Other Balance Sheet Components

Accrued expenses included the following:

(1)The increase in advertising costs is due in part to the timing of invoice receipts which resulted in higher accruals at March 31, 2025, as compared to accounts payable at June 30, 2024.

Other current liabilities included the following:

Other liabilities included the following:

(1)The increase in long-term derivative liabilities is primarily due to the increase in unrealized losses associated with forward contracts that are intended to mitigate our exposure to fluctuations in various currencies against our reporting currency, the U.S. dollar. The increase in unrealized losses is primarily due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar against certain currencies, including the Euro and GBP, which are our most significant currency exposures. Refer to Note 4 for additional details relating to our derivative contracts.

(2)During the current fiscal year, the mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interests were reclassified from long-term liabilities to current liabilities, since we are required to purchase the outstanding equity interests during the second quarter of fiscal year 2026.

8. Debt

(1)On September 26, 2024, we completed a private placement of $525,000 in aggregate principal amount of 7.375% Senior Notes due 2032. We used the net proceeds of this offering plus cash on hand to redeem the $522,135 in aggregate principal amount of our 7.0% Senior Notes due 2026 and pay the associated interest and financing fees.

(2)Balances as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 are inclusive of short-term debt issuance costs, debt premiums and discounts of $4,902 and $3,492, respectively.

Our various debt arrangements described below contain customary representations, warranties, and events of default. As of March 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants in those debt contracts, including our amended and restated senior secured credit agreement dated as of May 17, 2021 (as further amended from time to time, the "Restated Credit Agreement") and the indenture governing our 2032 Notes.

Senior Secured Credit Facility

On December 16, 2024, we amended our Restated Credit Agreement to refinance our Term Loan B, which consists of a tranche denominated in U.S. dollars ("USD Tranche") and as part of the amendment the size of the USD tranche was increased by $48,614, and those proceeds were used to fully repay the previously outstanding tranche denominated in Euros ("Euro Tranche"). The amendment reduced the interest rate margin of the USD Tranche by 50 basis points, from Term SOFR plus 3.00% to Term SOFR plus 2.50%.

No other material changes were made to the terms of the Term Loan B or the Restated Credit Agreement, and the maturity date of the Term Loan B is still May 17, 2028. For the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized a loss on extinguishment of debt as part of this refinancing of $696.

Our Restated Credit Agreement consists of the following as of March 31, 2025:

•a $1,075,520 USD Tranche that bears interest at Term SOFR (with a Term SOFR rate floor of 0.50%) plus 2.50%, and

•a $250,000 senior secured revolving credit facility with a maturity date of September 26, 2029 (the “Revolving Credit Facility”), with no outstanding borrowings for any periods presented.

◦Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at Term SOFR (with a Term SOFR rate floor of 0%) plus 2.25% to 3.00% depending on the Company’s First Lien Leverage Ratio, a net leverage calculation, as defined in the Restated Credit Agreement.

The Restated Credit Agreement contains covenants that restrict or limit certain activities and transactions by Cimpress and our subsidiaries, including, but not limited to, the incurrence of additional indebtedness and liens; certain fundamental organizational changes; asset sales; certain intercompany activities; and certain investments and restricted payments, including purchases of Cimpress plc’s ordinary shares and payment of dividends. In addition, if any loans made under the Revolving Credit Facility are outstanding on the last day of any fiscal quarter, then we are subject to a financial maintenance covenant that the First Lien Leverage Ratio calculated as of the last day of such quarter does not exceed 3.25 to 1.00.

As of March 31, 2025, the weighted-average interest rate on outstanding borrowings under the Restated Credit Agreement was 6.44%, inclusive of interest rate swap rates. We are also required to pay a commitment fee for our Revolving Credit Facility on unused balances of 0.30% to 0.45% depending on our First Lien Leverage Ratio. We have pledged the assets and/or share capital of a number of our subsidiaries as collateral under our Restated Credit Agreement.

Senior Notes

On September 26, 2024, we completed a private placement of $525,000 in aggregate principal amount of 7.375% senior unsecured notes due September 15, 2032 (the "2032 Notes"). We issued the 2032 Notes pursuant to a senior notes indenture dated as of September 26, 2024, among Cimpress plc, our subsidiary guarantors, and U.S Bank Trust Company, as trustee (the "Indenture"). We used the net proceeds from the 2032 Notes, together with cash on hand, to redeem all of the outstanding 7.0% senior unsecured notes due 2026 (the "2026 Notes") at a redemption price equal to par of the principal amount, to pay all accrued unpaid interest thereon, and to pay all fees and expenses related to the redemption and offering. For the nine months ended March 31, 2025, we recognized a gain on the extinguishment of debt as part of this refinancing of $338.

The 2032 Notes bear interest at a rate of 7.375% per annum and mature on September 15, 2032. Interest on the 2032 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, commencing on March 15, 2025, to the holders of record of the 2032 Notes at the close of business on March 1 or September 1, respectively, preceding such interest payment date.

The 2032 Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment to all our existing and future senior unsecured debt and senior in right of payment to all of our existing and future subordinated debt. The 2032 Notes are effectively subordinated to any of our existing and future secured debt to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt. Subject to certain exceptions, each of our existing and future subsidiaries that is a borrower under or guarantees our senior secured credit facilities guarantees the 2032 Notes.

The Indenture under which the 2032 Notes are issued contains various covenants, including covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, limit our restricted subsidiaries’ ability to: incur and/or guarantee additional debt; pay dividends, repurchase shares or make certain other restricted payments; enter into agreements limiting dividends and certain other restricted payments; prepay, redeem or repurchase subordinated debt; grant liens on assets; merge, consolidate or transfer or dispose of substantially all of our consolidated assets; sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of property and assets; and engage in transactions with affiliates.

At any time prior to September 15, 2027, we may redeem some or all of the 2032 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount redeemed, plus a make-whole amount as set forth in the Indenture, plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts (as defined in the Indenture), if any, to, but not including, the redemption date. In addition, at any time prior to September 15, 2027, Cimpress may on any one or more occasions redeem up to 40% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Notes with the net proceeds of certain equity offerings by Cimpress at a redemption price equal to 107.375% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts, if any (which accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts need not be funded with such proceeds), to, but not including, the redemption date. At any time on or after September 15, 2027, Cimpress may redeem some or all of the Notes at the redemption prices specified in the Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest and Additional Amounts, if any, to, but not including, the redemption date.

Other Debt

Other debt consists primarily of term loans acquired through our various acquisitions or used to fund certain capital investments. As of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, we had $7,208 and $9,845, respectively, outstanding for those obligations that are payable through September 2027.

9. Income Taxes

Our income tax expense was $12,144 and $42,290 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025, respectively, as compared to $10,610 and $35,527 for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2024, respectively. Income tax expense increased versus the prior comparative periods due to an increased full-year forecasted effective tax rate. Excluding the effect of discrete tax adjustments, our estimated annual effective tax rate is higher for fiscal year 2025 than for fiscal year 2024 primarily due to increased Swiss tax as the prior comparative periods had a full valuation allowance in Switzerland, which was partially released in the quarter ended June 30, 2024. Our effective tax rate continues to be negatively impacted by losses in certain jurisdictions where we are unable to recognize a tax benefit in the current period. These losses with no tax benefit were excluded in calculating income tax expense for the three and nine months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, in accordance with GAAP. We continuously analyze our valuation allowance positions and the weight of objective and verifiable evidence of actual results against the more subjective evidence of anticipated future income.

As of March 31, 2025 we had unrecognized tax benefits of $17,751, including accrued interest and penalties of $2,476. We recognize interest and, if applicable, penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes. If recognized, $6,719 of unrecognized tax benefits would reduce our tax expense. It is reasonably possible that a reduction in unrecognized tax benefits may occur within the next twelve months in the range of $6,300 to $6,800 related to the lapse of applicable statutes of limitations or settlement. We believe we have appropriately provided for all tax uncertainties.

We conduct business in a number of tax jurisdictions and, as such, are required to file income tax returns in multiple jurisdictions globally. The years 2014 through 2024 remain open for examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and the years 2015 through 2024 remain open for examination in the various states and non-U.S. tax jurisdictions in which we file tax returns. We believe that our income tax reserves are adequately maintained taking into consideration both the technical merits of our tax return positions and ongoing developments in our income tax audits. However, the final determination of our tax return positions, if audited, is uncertain, and there is a possibility that final resolution of these matters could have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows.

10. Noncontrolling Interests

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

For some of our subsidiaries, we own a controlling equity stake, and a third party or key members of the business management team own a minority portion of the equity. These noncontrolling interests span multiple businesses and reportable segments.

The following table presents the reconciliation of changes in our noncontrolling interests:

(1)During the current quarter, we completed the acquisition of an immaterial business that is part of our PrintBrothers reportable segment.

(2)Accretion of redeemable noncontrolling interests to redemption value recognized in retained earnings is the result of changes in the estimated redemption amount to the extent increases do not exceed the estimated fair value. Any change in the estimated redemption amount which exceeds the estimated fair value is recognized within net income attributable to noncontrolling interests.

(3)During the second quarter of the current fiscal year, we purchased 49% of the remaining equity interest in one of the smaller businesses previously acquired and included in our PrintBrothers reportable segment for a total purchase price of $4,579, which consisted of $4,059 of cash paid at closing, and $520 of a deferred payment that is payable in fiscal year 2029.

11. Segment Information

Our operating segments are based upon the manner in which our operations are managed and the availability of separate financial information reported internally to the Chief Executive Officer, who is our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”), for purposes of making decisions about how to allocate resources and assess performance.

As of March 31, 2025, we have numerous operating segments under our management reporting structure which are reported in the following five reportable segments:

•Vista- Consists of the operations of our VistaPrint branded websites in North America, Western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, India, and Singapore. This business also includes our 99designs by Vista business, which provides graphic design services, VistaCreate for do-it-yourself (DIY) design, our Vista x Wix partnership for small business websites, and our Vista Corporate Solutions business, which serves medium-sized businesses and large corporations.

•PrintBrothers - Includes the results of druck.at, Printdeal, and WIRmachenDRUCK, a group of Upload & Print businesses that serve graphic professionals throughout Europe, primarily in Austria, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland.

•The Print Group- Includes the results of Easyflyer, Exaprint, Packstyle, Pixartprinting, and Tradeprint, a group of Upload & Print businesses that serve graphic professionals throughout Europe, primarily in France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Pixartprinting's U.S. facility went live in March 2025, fulfilling orders for other Cimpress businesses as the business expands its offerings and launches its brand in North America.

•National Pen - Serves small businesses across geographies including North America, Europe, and Australia. The pens.com branded business sells through their ecommerce site and is supported by digital marketing methods as well as direct mail and telesales. National Pen focuses on customized writing instruments and promotional products, apparel, and gifts for small- and medium-sized businesses.

•All Other Businesses- Includes two businesses grouped together based on materiality.

◦BuildASign is a provider of canvas-print wall décor, business signage and other large-format printed products.

◦Printi, a smaller business that is an online printing leader in Brazil.

For purposes of measuring and reporting our segment financial performance, we implemented changes to the methodology used for inter-segment transactions during the first quarter of fiscal 2025. These transactions occur when one Cimpress business chooses to buy from or sell to another Cimpress business. Under the new approach, a merchant business (the buyer) is cross charged the actual cost of fulfillment that includes product (e.g., labor, materials and overhead allocation) and shipping costs. A fulfiller business (the seller) receives inter-segment revenue that includes the product costs plus a markup, as well as the shipping costs. The fulfiller profit is included in the fulfiller’s segment results, but eliminated from consolidated reporting through an inter-segment EBITDA elimination. The new approach allows our merchant businesses to access the ultimate Cimpress cost of fulfillment for a given product and therefore that ultimate Cimpress cost can be used to determine pricing, advertising spend, and other operational decisions. Prior to this change, inter-segment transactions were based on marked-up pricing that resulted in the merchant business recognizing inter-segment cost of goods sold that was equal to inter-segment revenue that was recognized by the fulfiller business, and as such there was no inter-segment EBITDA elimination under our prior method. We have recast all prior periods presented for segment revenue and segment EBITDA to ensure comparability with the current fiscal year. These changes in methodology have no impact on our consolidated financial results.

Central and corporate costs consist primarily of the team of software engineers that is building our mass customization platform; shared service organizations such as global procurement; technology services such as hosting and security; administrative costs of our Cimpress India offices where numerous Cimpress businesses have dedicated business-specific team members; and corporate functions including our tax, treasury, internal audit, legal, sustainability, corporate communications, remote-first enablement, consolidated reporting and compliance, investor relations, and the functions of our CEO and CFO. These costs also include certain unallocated share-based compensation costs.

The expense value of our PSU awards is based on fair value and is required to be expensed on an accelerated basis. In order to ensure comparability in measuring our businesses' results, we allocate the straight-line portion of the fixed grant value to our businesses. Any expense in excess of this amount as a result of the fair value measurement of the PSUs and the accelerated expense profile of the awards is recognized within central and corporate costs.

Our definition of segment EBITDA is GAAP operating income excluding certain items, such as depreciation and amortization, expense recognized for contingent earn-out related charges including the changes in fair value of contingent consideration and compensation expense related to cash-based earn-out mechanisms dependent upon continued employment, share-based compensation related to investment consideration, certain impairment expense, and restructuring charges. We include insurance proceeds that are not recognized within operating income. We do not allocate non-operating income, including realized gains and losses on currency hedges, to our segment results.

Our balance sheet information is not presented to the CODM on an allocated basis, and therefore we do not present asset information by segment. We do present other segment information to the CODM, which includes purchases of property, plant and equipment and capitalization of software and website development costs, and therefore include that information in the tables below.

Revenue by segment is based on the business-specific websites or sales channel through which the customer’s order was transacted. The following tables set forth revenue by reportable segment, as well as disaggregation of revenue by major geographic region and reportable segment.

(2) Refer to the "Revenue by Geographic Region" tables below for detail of the inter-segment revenue within each respective segment.

The following table includes segment EBITDA by reportable segment, total income from operations and total income before income taxes:

The following table sets forth long-lived assets by geographic area:

(1) Excludes goodwill of $792,749 and $787,138, intangible assets, net of $61,905 and $76,560, deferred tax assets of $87,806 and $95,059, and equity method investments of $1,583 and $1,904 as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

12. Commitments and Contingencies

Supply Chain Finance Program

We facilitate a voluntary supply chain finance program through a financial intermediary, which provides certain suppliers the option to be paid by the financial intermediary earlier than the due date of the applicable invoice. The decision to sell receivables due from us is at the sole discretion of both the suppliers and the financial institution. Our responsibility is limited to making payment on the terms originally negotiated with each supplier, regardless of whether a supplier participates in the program. We are not a party to the agreements between the participating financial institution and the suppliers in connection with the program, we do not receive financial incentives from the suppliers or the financial institution, nor do we reimburse suppliers for any costs they incur for participating in the program. There are no assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees provided for the committed payment to the financial institution.

All unpaid obligations to our supply chain finance provider are included in accounts payable in the consolidated balance sheets, and payments we make under the program are reflected as a reduction to net cash provided by operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The outstanding obligations with our supply chain finance provider that are included in accounts payable in our consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2025 and June 30, 2024 were $56,192 and $62,848, respectively.

Purchase Obligations

At March 31, 2025, we had unrecorded commitments under contract of $374,711, including third-party cloud services of $247,626; inventory, third-party fulfillment and digital service purchase commitments of $76,149; software of $35,673; insurance costs of $5,798; professional and consulting fees of $3,714; production and computer equipment purchases of $3,041; production-related temporary labor of $1,726; and other unrecorded purchase commitments of $985.

Legal Proceedings

We are not currently party to any material legal proceedings. Although we cannot predict with certainty the results of litigation and claims to which we may be subject from time to time, we do not expect the resolution of any of our current matters to have a material adverse impact on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. For all legal matters, at each reporting period, we evaluate whether or not a potential loss amount or a potential range of loss is probable and reasonably estimable under the provisions of the authoritative guidance that addresses accounting for contingencies. We expense the costs relating to our legal proceedings as those costs are incurred.

13. Related Party Transaction

On November 8, 2024, we repurchased 316,056 of our outstanding ordinary shares, par value €0.01 per share, from entities affiliated with Prescott General Partners LLC (“Prescott”) in a privately negotiated transaction at a price of $79.10 per share, representing a discount of $1.78 to the closing price of our ordinary shares on November 6, 2024 (the “Transaction”).

Scott Vassalluzzo, a Managing Member of Prescott, serves as a member of Cimpress’ Board of Directors and Audit Committee. In light of the foregoing, the disinterested members of Cimpress’ Audit Committee reviewed the Transaction under our related person transaction policy and considered, among other things, Mr. Vassalluzzo’s and Prescott’s interest in the Transaction, the approximate dollar value of the Transaction, and the purpose and the potential benefits to Cimpress of entering into the Transaction. Based on these considerations, the disinterested members of the Audit Committee concluded that the Transaction was in our best interest. The Transaction was effected pursuant to the share repurchase program approved by Cimpress’ Board of Directors and announced on May 29, 2024.