GLADSTONE COMMERCIAL CORP

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Organization, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Gladstone Commercial Corporation is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that was incorporated under the General Corporation Law of the State of Maryland on February 14, 2003. We focus on acquiring, owning and managing primarily industrial and office properties. Subject to certain restrictions and limitations, our business is managed by Gladstone Management Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “Adviser”), and administrative services are provided by Gladstone Administration, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Administrator”), each pursuant to a contractual arrangement with us. Our Adviser and Administrator collectively employ all of our personnel and pay their salaries, benefits, and general expenses directly. Gladstone Commercial Corporation conducts substantially all of its operations through a subsidiary, Gladstone Commercial Limited Partnership, a Delaware limited partnership (the “Operating Partnership”).

All references herein to “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” mean Gladstone Commercial Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries, except where it is made clear that the term means only Gladstone Commercial Corporation.

Interim Financial Information

Our interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and in accordance with Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain disclosures accompanying annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP are omitted. The year-end balance sheet data presented herein was derived from audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. In the opinion of our management, all adjustments, consisting solely of normal recurring accruals, necessary for the fair statement of financial statements for the interim period, have been included. The interim financial statements and notes thereto should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 18, 2025. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for other interim periods or for the full 2025 fiscal year.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Significant Accounting Policies

The preparation of our financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make judgments that are subjective in nature and requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. Application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment regarding the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties, and as a result, actual results could materially differ from these estimates. A summary of all of our significant accounting policies is provided in Note 1, “Organization, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. There were no material changes to our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Segment Reporting

Our current business strategy includesone reporting segment: Real Estate Rental Operations. We generate revenues, earnings, net income, and cash flows through our single segment as follows: We collect rent from our customers through operating leases, including reimbursements for the majority of our property operating costs. We expect to generate earnings growth by increasing rents, maintaining high occupancy rates, and controlling expenses. The primary drivers of our revenue growth will be the rolling of in-place leases to current market rents when leases expire, and the acquisition of new properties. We believe our active portfolio management, combined with the skills of our asset management team will allow us to maximize net income across our portfolio.

Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer. The CODM uses consolidated net income to make decisions about allocating resources to individual properties and assessing performance. The CODM will sometimes reference other metrics, including net operating income, however, as net income is the measure most consistent with the amounts disclosed in the consolidated financial statements, only consolidated net income is disclosed.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses” (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires public entities to disaggregate specific types of expenses, including disclosures for depreciation, intangible asset amortization, and selling expenses. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, with prospective application required and retrospective application or early adoption permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact from adopting ASU 2024-03 on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

2. Related-Party Transactions

Gladstone Management and Gladstone Administration

We are externally managed pursuant to contractual arrangements with our Adviser and our Administrator, which collectively employ all of our personnel and pay their salaries, benefits, and general expenses directly. Both our Adviser and Administrator are affiliates of ours, as their parent company is owned and controlled by Mr. David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. One of our executive officers, Mr. Gladstone, serves as a director and executive officer of our Adviser and our Administrator. Our president, Mr. Arthur “Buzz” Cooper, is also an executive vice president of commercial and industrial real estate of our Adviser. Mr. Michael LiCalsi, our general counsel and secretary, also serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary, as well as executive vice president of administration of our Adviser. We have entered into an advisory agreement with our Adviser, as amended from time to time (the “Advisory Agreement”), and an administration agreement with our Administrator (the “Administration Agreement”). The services and fees under the Advisory Agreement and Administration Agreement are described below. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, $3.4 million and $2.5 million, respectively, was collectively due to our Adviser and Administrator. Our entrance into the Advisory Agreement and each amendment thereto has been approved unanimously by our board of directors (“Board of Directors”). Our Board of Directors reviews and considers renewing the agreements with our Adviser and Administrator annually, typically during the month of July. During its July 2024 meeting, our Board of Directors reviewed and renewed the Administration Agreement for an additional year, through August 31, 2025.

Base Management Fee

On July 14, 2020, we amended and restated the Advisory Agreement, which replaced the previous calculation of the base management fee with a calculation based on Gross Tangible Real Estate. The revised base management fee is payable quarterly in arrears and calculated at an annual rate of 0.425% (0.10625% per quarter) of the prior calendar quarter’s “Gross Tangible Real Estate,” defined in the Advisory Agreement as the current gross value of our property portfolio (meaning the aggregate of each property’s original acquisition price plus the cost of any subsequent capital improvements thereon). The calculation of the other fees in the Advisory Agreement was unchanged.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded a base management fee of $1.6 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded a base management fee of $1.5 million.

Incentive Fee

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the calculation of the incentive fee rewards the Adviser in circumstances where our quarterly Core FFO (defined at the end of this paragraph), before giving effect to any incentive fee, or pre-incentive fee Core FFO, exceeds 2.0% quarterly, or 8.0% annualized, of adjusted total stockholders’ equity (after giving effect to the base management fee but before giving effect to the incentive fee). We refer to this as the hurdle rate. The Adviser will receive 15.0% of the amount of our pre-incentive fee Core FFO that exceeds the new hurdle rate. However, in no event shall the incentive fee for a particular quarter exceed by 15.0% (the cap) the average quarterly incentive fee paid by us for the previous four quarters (excluding quarters for which no incentive fee was paid). Core FFO, as defined in the Advisory Agreement, is GAAP net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders, excluding the incentive fee, depreciation and amortization, any realized and unrealized gains, losses or other non-cash items recorded in net income (loss) available (attributable) to common stockholders for the period, and one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP.

On January 10, 2023, the Company amended and restated the Advisory Agreement by entering into the Seventh Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between the Company and the Adviser (the “Seventh Amended Advisory Agreement”), as approved unanimously by our Board of Directors, including specifically, our independent directors. The Seventh Amended Advisory Agreement contractually eliminated the payment of the incentive fee for the quarters ended March 31, 2023 and June 30, 2023. The calculation of all other fees was unchanged.

On July 11, 2023, the Company amended and restated the Advisory Agreement by entering into the Eighth Amended and Restated Investment Advisory Agreement between the Company and the Adviser (the “Eighth Amended Advisory Agreement”), as approved unanimously by our Board of Directors, including specifically, our independent directors. The Eighth Amended Advisory Agreement contractually eliminated the payment of the incentive fee for the quarters ended September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2023. In addition, the Eighth Amended Advisory Agreement also clarified that for any future quarter whereby an incentive fee would exceed by greater than 15% the average quarterly incentive fee paid, the measurement would be versus the last four quarters where an incentive fee was actually paid. The calculation of all other fees was unchanged.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded an incentive fee of $0.6 million. The Adviser didnot waive any portion of the incentive fee for the three months ended March 31, 2025. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded an incentive fee of $1.2 million, partially offset by credits related to non-contractual, unconditional, and irrevocable waivers issued by the Adviser of $0.8 million.

Capital Gain Fee

Under the Advisory Agreement, we will pay to the Adviser a capital gain-based incentive fee that will be calculated and payable in arrears as of the end of each fiscal year (or upon termination of the Advisory Agreement). In determining the capital gain fee, we will calculate aggregate realized capital gains and aggregate realized capital losses for the applicable time period. For this purpose, aggregate realized capital gains and losses, if any, equals the realized gain or loss calculated by the difference between the sales price of the property, less any costs to sell the property and the current gross value of the property (equal to the property’s original acquisition price plus any subsequent non-reimbursed capital improvements) of the disposed property. At the end of the fiscal year, if this number is positive, then the capital gain fee payable for such time period shall equal 15.0% of such amount. No capital gain fee was recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2025 or 2024.

Termination Fee

The Advisory Agreement includes a termination fee clause whereby, in the event of our termination of the agreement without cause (with 120 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), a termination fee would be payable to the Adviser equal totwo times the sum of the average annual base management fee and incentive fee earned by the Adviser during the 24-month period prior to such termination. A termination fee is also payable if the Adviser terminates the Advisory Agreement after we have defaulted and applicable cure periods have expired. The Advisory Agreement may also be terminated for cause by us (with 30 days’ prior written notice and the vote of at least two-thirds of our independent directors), with no termination fee payable. Cause is defined in the Advisory Agreement to include if the Adviser breaches any material provisions thereof, the bankruptcy or insolvency of the Adviser, dissolution of the Adviser and fraud or misappropriation of funds.

Administration Agreement

Under the terms of the Administration Agreement, we pay separately for our allocable portion of the Administrator’s overhead expenses in performing its obligations to us including, but not limited to, rent and our allocable portion of the salaries and benefits expenses of our Administrator’s employees, including, but not limited to, our chief financial officer, treasurer, chief compliance officer, general counsel and secretary (who also serves as our Administrator’s president, general counsel and secretary), and their respective staffs. Our allocable portion of the Administrator’s expenses are generally derived by multiplying our Administrator’s total expenses by the approximate percentage of time the Administrator’s employees perform services for us in relation to their time spent performing services for all companies serviced by our Administrator under contractual agreements. We believe that the methodology of allocating the Administrator’s total expenses by approximate percentage of time services were performed among all companies serviced by our Administrator more closely approximates fees paid for actual services performed. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we recorded an administration fee of $0.6 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded an administration fee of $0.6 million.

Gladstone Securities

Gladstone Securities, LLC (“Gladstone Securities”), is a privately held broker dealer registered with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority and insured by the Securities Investor Protection Corporation. Gladstone Securities is an affiliate of ours, as its parent company is owned and controlled by David Gladstone, our chairman and chief executive officer. Mr. Gladstone also serves on the board of managers of Gladstone Securities.

Mortgage Financing Arrangement Agreement

We entered into an agreement with Gladstone Securities, effective June 18, 2013, for it to act as our non-exclusive agent to assist us with arranging mortgage financing for our owned properties. In connection with this engagement, Gladstone Securities will, from time to time, continue to solicit the interest of various commercial real estate lenders or recommend to us third-party lenders offering credit products or packages that are responsive to our needs. We pay Gladstone Securities a financing fee in connection with the services it provides to us for securing mortgage financing on any of our properties. The amount of these financing fees, which are payable upon closing of the financing, are based on a percentage of the amount of the mortgage, generally ranging from 0.15% to a maximum of 1.00% of the mortgage obtained. The amount of the financing fees may be reduced or eliminated, as determined by us and Gladstone Securities, after taking into consideration various factors, including, but not limited to, the involvement of any third-party brokers and market conditions. We didnot pay financing fees to Gladstone Securities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. Our Board of Directors renewed the agreement for an additional year, through August 31, 2025, at its July 2024 meeting.

Dealer Manager Agreement

On February 20, 2020, we entered into a dealer manager agreement, as amended on February 9, 2023 (together, the “Dealer Manager Agreement”), whereby Gladstone Securities acts as the exclusive dealer manager in connection with our offering (the “Offering”) of up to (i)20,000,000 shares of 6.00% Series F Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series F Preferred Stock”), on a “reasonable best efforts” basis (the “Primary Offering”), and (ii)6,000,000 shares of Series F Preferred Stock pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”) to those holders of the Series F Preferred Stock who participate in such DRIP. Prior to the effectiveness of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-277877) (the “2024 Registration Statement”), the Series F Preferred Stock was registered with the SEC pursuant to an automatic shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-268549), as was amended and supplemented (the “2022 Registration Statement”), under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and was offered and sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement, dated February 9, 2023, and a base prospectus dated November 23, 2022 relating to the 2022 Registration Statement. During the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, the Series F Preferred Stock was registered with the SEC pursuant to a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-236143) (the “2020 Registration Statement”), and offered and sold pursuant to a prospectus supplement, dated February 20, 2020, and a base prospectus dated February 11, 2020.

Under the Dealer Manager Agreement, Gladstone Securities, as dealer manager, provides certain sales, promotional and marketing services to us in connection with the Offering, and we pay Gladstone Securities (i) selling commissions of 6.0% of the gross proceeds from sales of Series F Preferred Stock in the Primary Offering (the “Selling Commissions”), and (ii) a dealer manager fee of 3.0% of the gross proceeds from sales of Series F Preferred Stock in the Primary Offering (the “Dealer Manager Fee”). No Selling Commissions or Dealer Manager Fee are paid with respect to shares sold pursuant to the DRIP. Gladstone Securities may, in its sole discretion, re-allow for payment of a portion of the Dealer Manager Fee to participating broker-dealers in support of the Offering. We paid fees of $0.03 million to Gladstone Securities during the three months ended March 31, 2025 in connection with the Offering. We paid fees of $0.02 million to Gladstone Securities during the three months ended March 31, 2024 in connection with the Offering.

3. Earnings Per Share of Common Stock

The following tables set forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The operating partnership units in the Operating Partnership (“OP Units”) held by holders who do not control the Operating Partnership (“Non-controlling OP Unitholders”) (which may be redeemed for shares of common stock) have been excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculations, as there would be no effect on the amounts since the Non-controlling OP Unitholders’ share of income would also be added back to net income. Net income figures are presented net of such non-controlling interests in the income per share calculation.

We computed basic earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the respective periods. Diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 reflects additional shares of common stock related to our convertible senior common stock (the “Senior Common Stock”), if the effect of conversion would be dilutive, that would have been outstanding if such dilutive potential shares of common stock had been issued, as well as an adjustment to net income available to common stockholders as applicable to common stockholders that would result from their assumed issuance (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts).

(1)The weighted average number of OP Units held by Non-controlling OP Unitholders was 39,474 for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 310,643 for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

(2)We excluded convertible shares of Senior Common Stock of 329,404 and 342,247 from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, because these shares were anti-dilutive.

4. Real Estate and Intangible Assets

Real Estate

The following table sets forth the components of our investments in real estate as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, excluding real estate held for sale (dollars in thousands):

(1)This amount includes $2,711 of land value subject to land lease agreements which we may purchase at our option for a nominal fee.

Real estate depreciation expense on building and tenant improvements was $9.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. Real estate depreciation expense on building and tenant improvements was $9.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Acquisitions

We acquiredsix industrial properties during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and didnot acquire any properties during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The acquisitions are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

(1)On February 19, 2025, we acquired afive-property,215,474 square foot portfolio in Houston, Texas for $29.5 million. The property is fully leased toone tenant and had 10.0 years of remaining lease term at the time we acquired the property. On March 28, 2025, we acquired a 140,304 square foot property in Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas for $44.3 million. The property is fully leased toone tenant and had 11.3 years of remaining lease term at the time we acquired the property.

We determined the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed related to the properties acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2025 as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)The Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas property acquired is subject to a ground lease, therefore there is no land asset included on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)This amount includes $250 of loans receivable included in Other liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Future Lease Payments

Future operating lease payments from tenants under non-cancelable leases, excluding tenant reimbursement of expenses, for the nine months ending December 31, 2025 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (dollars in thousands):

Future sales-types lease payments from tenants under non-cancelable leases and reasonably certain purchase options for the nine months ending December 31, 2025 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter is as follows (dollars in thousands):

In accordance with the lease terms, substantially all operating expenses are required to be paid by the tenant directly, or reimbursed to us from the tenant; however, we would be required to pay operating expenses on the respective properties in the event the tenants fail to pay them.

Lease Revenue Reconciliation

The table below sets forth the allocation of lease revenue between fixed contractual payments and variable lease payments for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively (dollars in thousands):

Sales-Type Leases

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, we hadone lease classified as a sales-type lease. We recorded a sales-type lease receivable of $18.5 million in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, net of $0.02 million in allowance for credit loss. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the interest income earned from sales-type leases of $0.4 million was included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. There was no sales-type lease activity in the three months ended March 31, 2024. In developing the expected credit loss, we reviewed the tenant’s credit rating, which is AA- stable, performed a collectability analysis, and confirmed they were current on payments as of March 31, 2025. The sales-type lease receivable, net, approximates fair value as of March 31, 2025.

Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the carrying value of intangible assets, liabilities and the accumulated amortization for each intangible asset and liability class as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, excluding real estate held for sale (dollars in thousands):

Total amortization expense related to in-place leases, leasing costs and customer relationship lease intangible assets was $3.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

Total amortization related to above-market lease values was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and is included in lease revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Total amortization related to below-market lease values was $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and is included in lease revenue in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income.

We acquiredsix industrial properties during the three months ended March 31, 2025, and didnot acquire any properties during the three months ended March 31, 2024. The weighted average amortization periods in years for the intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the three months ended March 31, 2025, were as follows:

5. Real Estate Dispositions, Held for Sale and Impairment Charges

Real Estate Dispositions

We didnot sell any properties during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and sold three properties during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Real Estate Held for Sale

At March 31, 2025, we hadtwo properties classified as held for sale, located in Tifton, Georgia and Hickory, North Carolina. We consider these assets to be non-core to our long-term strategy. At December 31, 2024, we had the sametwo properties classified as held for sale, located in Tifton, Georgia and Hickory, North Carolina.

The table below summarizes the components of the assets and liabilities held for sale at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, reflected on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands):

Impairment Charges

We evaluated our portfolio for triggering events to determine if any of our held and used assets were impaired during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and didnot recognize an impairment charge. We didnot recognize any impairment charges on ourtwo held for sale assets during the three months ended March 31, 2025. We didnot recognize an impairment charge on our held and used assets during the three months ended March 31, 2024. We recognized an impairment charge of $0.5 million onone held for sale asset, located in Richardson, Texas, during the three months ended March 31, 2024. In performing our held for sale assessment, the carrying value of this asset was above the fair value, less costs of sale. As a result, we impaired this property to equal the fair market value less costs of sale.

6. Mortgage Notes Payable, Credit Facility, and Senior Unsecured Notes

Our $125.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility (“Revolver”), $160.0 million term loan facility (“Term Loan A”), $60.0 million term loan facility (“Term Loan B”), and $150.0 million term loan facility (“Term Loan C”), are collectively referred to herein as the “Credit Facility”.

Our mortgage notes payable, Credit Facility, and our Operating Partnership’s $75.0 million senior unsecured notes (the “2029 Notes”) as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are summarized below (dollars in thousands):

(1)As of March 31, 2025, interest rates on our fixed rate mortgage notes payable varied from 2.80% to 6.63%.

(2)As of March 31, 2025, we had 40 mortgage notes payable with maturity dates ranging from September 30, 2025 through August 1, 2037.

(3)As of March 31, 2025, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) was approximately 4.41%.

(4)The weighted average interest rate on the mortgage notes outstanding as of March 31, 2025 was approximately 4.29%.

(5)The weighted average interest rate on all debt outstanding as of March 31, 2025 was approximately 5.28%.

(6)The amount we may draw under our Credit Facility is based on a percentage of the fair value of a combined pool of 94 unencumbered properties as of March 31, 2025.

N/A - Not Applicable

Mortgage Notes Payable

As of March 31, 2025, we had 40 mortgage notes payable, collateralized by a total of 45 properties with a net book value of $428.8 million. We have limited recourse liabilities that could result from any one or more of the following circumstances: a borrower voluntarily filing for bankruptcy, improper conveyance of a property, fraud or material misrepresentation, misapplication or misappropriation of rents, security deposits, insurance proceeds or condemnation proceeds, or physical waste or damage to the property resulting from a borrower’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. As of March 31, 2025, we did not have any mortgages subject to recourse. We will also indemnify lenders against claims resulting from the presence of hazardous substances or activity involving hazardous substances in violation of environmental laws on a property.

We made payments of $0.01 million for deferred financing costs during the three months ended March 31, 2025. We didnot make any payments for deferred financing costs during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

Scheduled principal payments of mortgage notes payable for the nine months ending December 31, 2025, and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)This figure does not include $(0.001) million of premiums and (discounts), net, and $1.8 million of deferred financing costs, which are reflected in mortgage notes payable, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We believe we will be able to address all mortgage notes payable maturing over the next 12 months through a combination of refinancing our existing indebtedness, cash from operations, proceeds from one or more equity offerings and availability on our Credit Facility.

Interest Rate Cap and Interest Rate Swap Agreements

We have entered into interest rate cap agreements that cap the interest rate on certain of our variable-rate debt and we have assumed or entered into interest rate swap agreements in which we hedged our exposure to variable interest rates by agreeing to pay fixed interest rates to our respective counterparty. We have adopted the fair value measurement provisions for our financial instruments recorded at fair value. The fair value guidance establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. Generally, we will estimate the fair value of our interest rate caps and interest rate swaps, in the absence of observable market data, using estimates of value including estimated remaining life, counterparty credit risk, current market yield and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date. At March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, our interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swaps were valued using Level 2 inputs.

The fair value of the interest rate cap agreements is recorded in other assets on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in the fair value of the interest rate cap agreements quarterly based on the current market valuations at quarter end. If the interest rate cap qualifies for hedge accounting, then the change in the estimated fair value is recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income to the extent that it is effective, with any ineffective portion recorded to interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. If the interest rate cap does not qualify for hedge accounting, or if it is determined the hedge is ineffective, then any change in the fair value is recognized in interest expense in our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. During the next 12 months, we estimate that an additional $1.3 million will be reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income into interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income, as a reduction to interest expense. The following table summarizes the interest rate caps at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):

(1)We entered into an interest rate cap agreement on variable rate debt with a SOFR cap of 5.50%. This cap matured in March 2025.

We have assumed or entered into interest rate swap agreements in connection with certain of our mortgage financings and Credit Facility, whereby we will pay our counterparty a fixed interest rate on a monthly basis and receive payments from our counterparty equivalent to the stipulated floating rate. The fair value of our interest rate swap agreements is recorded in other assets or other liabilities on our accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. We have designated our interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges, and we record changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreement to accumulated other comprehensive income on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. We have designated our interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges, and we record changes in the fair value of the respective interest rate swap agreement to accumulated other comprehensive income on the consolidated balance sheets. We record changes in fair value on a quarterly basis, using current market valuations at quarter end. The following table summarizes our interest rate swaps at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands):

The following table presents the impact of our derivative instruments in the condensed consolidated financial statements (dollars in thousands):

The following table presents the reclassifications of our derivative instruments out of accumulated other comprehensive income into interest expense in the condensed consolidated financial statements (dollars in thousands):

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our derivative instruments (dollars in thousands):

The fair value of all mortgage notes payable outstanding as of March 31, 2025 was $255.9 million, as compared to the carrying value stated above of $267.3 million. The fair value is calculated based on a discounted cash flow analysis, using management’s estimate of market interest rates on long-term debt with comparable terms and loan to value ratios. The fair value was calculated using Level 3 inputs of the hierarchy established by ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures.”

Credit Facility

On August 18, 2022, we amended, extended and upsized our Credit Facility, increasing our Revolver from $100.0 million to $120.0 million (and its term to August 2026), adding the new $140.0 million Term Loan C, decreasing the principal balance of Term Loan B to $60.0 million and extending the maturity date of Term Loan A to August 2027. Term Loan C has a maturity date of February 18, 2028 and a SOFR spread ranging from 125 to 195 basis points, depending on our leverage. On September 27, 2022, we further increased the Revolver to $125.0 million and Term Loan C to $150.0 million, as permitted under the terms of the Credit Facility. We entered into multiple interest rate swap agreements on Term Loan C, which swap the interest rate to fixed rates from 3.15% to 3.75%. We incurred fees of approximately $4.2 million in connection with extending and upsizing our Credit Facility. The net proceeds of the transaction were used to repay the then-outstanding borrowings on the Revolver, pay off mortgage debt, and fund acquisitions. The Credit Facility’s current bank syndicate is comprised of KeyBank, Fifth Third Bank, The Huntington National Bank, Bank of America, Synovus Bank, United Bank, First Financial Bank, and S&T Bank.

As of March 31, 2025, there was $401.3 million outstanding under our Credit Facility, at a weighted average interest rate of approximately 5.72%, and $2.1 million outstanding letters of credit, at a weighted average interest rate of 1.35%. As of March 31, 2025, the maximum additional amount we could draw under the Credit Facility was $70.1 million. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2025.

The amount outstanding under the Credit Facility approximates fair value as of March 31, 2025.

On December 18, 2024, we and the Operating Partnership entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with the institutional investors named therein, in connection with a private placement of $75.0 million of the 2029 Notes. The amount outstanding approximates fair value as of March 31, 2025. The proceeds were used to pay down Term Loan B by $20.0 million and the Revolver by $55.0 million.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Ground Leases

We are obligated as lessee under four ground leases. Future minimum rental payments due under the terms of these leases for the nine months ending December 31, 2025 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years and thereafter are as follows (dollars in thousands):

Rental expense incurred for properties with ground lease obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2025 was $0.1 million. Rental expense incurred for properties with ground lease obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2024 was $0.1 million. Three of our ground leases are treated as operating leases and rental expenses are reflected in property operating expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. One of our ground leases is treated as a finance lease and rental expense is reflected in interest expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. Our ground leases have a weighted average remaining lease term of 23.0 years and a weighted average discount rate of 5.79%.

Letters of Credit

As of March 31, 2025, there were $2.1 million outstanding letters of credit related to mortgage requirements at our Maitland, Florida properties.

8. Equity and Mezzanine Equity

Stockholders’ Equity

The following table summarizes the changes in our equity for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (dollars in thousands):

Distributions

We paid the following distributions per share for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

Recent Activity

Common Stock ATM Programs

On February 22, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 1 to our At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement with sales agents Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated (“Baird”), Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (“Goldman Sachs”), Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated (“Stifel”), BTIG, LLC, and Fifth Third Securities, Inc. (“Fifth Third”), dated December 3, 2019 (together, the “Prior Common Stock Sales Agreement”). The amendment permitted shares of common stock to be issued pursuant to the Prior Common Stock Sales Agreement under the 2020 Registration Statement, and future registration statements on Form S-3. We terminated the Prior Common Stock Sales Agreement effective as of February 10, 2023 in connection with the expiration of the 2020 Registration Statement on February 11, 2023.

On March 3, 2023, we entered into an At-the-Market Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the “2023 Common Stock Sales Agreement”), with BofA Securities, Inc. (“BofA”), Goldman Sachs, Baird, KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc. (“KeyBanc”), and Fifth Third (collectively the “Common Stock Sales Agents”). In connection with the 2023 Common Stock Sales Agreement, we filed prospectus supplements with the SEC dated March 3, 2023 and March 7, 2023, to the prospectus dated November 23, 2022, for the offer and sale of an aggregate offering amount of up to $250.0 million of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we didnot sell any shares of common stock under the 2023 Common Stock Sales Agreement.

On March 26, 2024, we entered into Amendment No. 1 to the 2023 Common Stock Sales Agreement (the “2024 Common Stock Sales Agreement”). The amendment permitted shares of common stock to be issued pursuant to the 2024 Common Stock Sales Agreement under the 2024 Registration Statement, and future registration statements on Form S-3. In connection with the 2024 Common Stock Sales Agreement, we filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC dated March 26, 2024, to the prospectus dated March 21, 2024, for the offer and sale of an aggregate offering amount of $250.0 million of common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, we sold 1,770,581 shares of common stock, raising approximately $27.7 million in net proceeds under the 2024 Common Stock Sales Agreement.

Mezzanine Equity

Our 6.625% Series E Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series E Preferred Stock”), and our 6.00% Series G Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (“Series G Preferred Stock”) are classified as mezzanine equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets because both are redeemable at the option of the shareholder upon a change of control of greater than 50%. A change in control of our Company, outside of our control, is only possible if a tender offer is accepted by over 90% of our shareholders. All other change in control situations would require input from our Board of Directors. In addition, our Series E Preferred Stock and Series G Preferred Stock are redeemable at the option of the applicable shareholder in the event a delisting event occurs. We will periodically evaluate the likelihood that a delisting event or change of control of greater than 50% will take place, and if we deem this probable, we will adjust the Series E Preferred Stock, and Series G Preferred Stock presented in mezzanine equity to their redemption value, with the offset to gain (loss) on extinguishment. We currently believe the likelihood of a change of control of greater than 50%, or a delisting event, is remote.

Universal Shelf Registration Statements

On March 13, 2024, we filed the 2024 Registration Statement, which was declared effective on March 21, 2024. The 2024 Registration Statement allows us to issue up to $1.3 billion of securities and replaced the 2022 Registration Statement.

Series F Preferred Stock

On February 20, 2020, we filed with the Maryland Department of Assessments and Taxation Articles Supplementary (i) setting forth the rights, preferences and terms of the Series F Preferred Stock and (ii) reclassifying and designating 26,000,000 shares of our authorized and unissued shares of common stock as shares of Series F Preferred Stock. The reclassification decreased the number of shares classified as common stock from 86,290,000 shares immediately prior to the reclassification to 60,290,000 shares immediately after the reclassification. We sold 13,500 shares of our Series F Preferred Stock, raising $0.3 million in net proceeds, during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Non-controlling Interest in Operating Partnership

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we owned approximately 99.9% and 99.9%, respectively, of the outstanding OP Units.

The Operating Partnership is required to make distributions on each OP Unit in the same amount as those paid on each share of our common stock, with the distributions on the OP Units held by us being utilized to make distributions to our common stockholders.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there were 39,474 and 39,474 outstanding OP Units held by Non-controlling OP Unitholders, respectively.

9. Subsequent Events

Distributions

On April 8, 2025, our Board of Directors declared the following monthly distributions for the months of April, May and June of 2025:

Equity Activity

Subsequent to March 31, 2025 and through May 7, 2025, we raised $7.2 million in net proceeds from the sale of 525,192 shares of common stock under our 2024 Common Stock Sales Agreement and we raised $0.1 million in net proceeds from the sale of 2,200 shares of Series F Preferred Stock.

Sale Activity

On April 1, 2025, we sold our 60,000 square foot property in Hickory, North Carolina for $5.1 million. We realized a $0.4 million gain on sale.

On April 30, 2025, we completed the transaction to sell our 676,031 square foot property in Tifton, Georgia for $18.5 million, incurring $0.4 million in closing costs. During the year ended December 31, 2024, werecorded a sales-type lease receivable relatedand derecognized the carry value of this property, recognizing a $3.9 million selling profit from sales-type lease, net, that was included in the gain on sale of real estate, net, in the consolidated statement of operations.

Financing Activity

On April 30, 2025, we fully repaidone mortgage with an outstanding balance of $7.2 million collateralized byone property. This mortgage had a variable interest rate of SOFR +2.25%.