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Guardforce AI Co., Ltd.

For the period ended Dec 31, 2025. Filed Apr 21, 2026.

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About this filing

The yearly report of a company based outside the US. It covers much of what a 10-K does, and may follow accounting rules other than US ones.

FY2025 · Filed Apr 21, 2026

GFAI$0.17-1.2%Stored close · as of Nov 6, 2026
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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 20-F

(Mark One)

☐ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31,2025

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

☐ SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of event requiring this shell company report _________________________

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number:001-40848

**GUARDFORCE AI CO., LIMITED **

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Not Applicable

(Translation of Registrant’s Name Into English)

**Cayman Islands **

(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)

10 Anson Road,#28-01 International Plaza, Singapore 079903

Tel: +65 6702 1179

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

**Lei Wang, CEO **

+65 6702 1179

olivia.wang@guardforceai.com

10 Anson Road,#28-01 International Plaza, Singapore 079903

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered
ordinary shares, par value $0.12 per shareGFAIThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Warrants, No par valueGFAIWThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Preferred Share Purchase RightsN/AThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

None

(Title of Class)

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report (December 31, 2025): There were 24,353,539 shares of the registrant’s ordinary shares outstanding, par value $0.12 per share.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☐No ☒

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ☐No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer☐Accelerated Filer☐
Non-Accelerated Filer☒Emerging growth company☒

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.☐

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ☐International Financial Reporting ☒Other ☐
Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

☐ Item 17 ☐ Item 18

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No☒

Annual Report on Form 20-F

Year Ended December 31, 2025

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
PART I
ITEM 1.IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS1
ITEM 2.OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE1
ITEM 3.KEY INFORMATION1
A. RESERVED1
B. Capitalization and Indebtedness1
C. Reasons for the Offer and Use of Proceeds1
D. Risk Factors1
ITEM 4.INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY26
A. History and Development of the Company26
B. Business Overview34
C. Organizational Structure47
D. Property, Plants and Equipment48
ITEM 4A.UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS56
ITEM 5.OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS56
A. Operating Results57
B. Liquidity and Capital Resources74
C. Research and development75
D. Trend Information75
E. Critical Accounting Estimates75
G. Safe Harbor76
ITEM 6.DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES76
A. Directors and Senior Management76
B. Compensation78
C. Board Practices79
D. Employees82
E. Share Ownership83
ITEM 7.MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS84
A. Major Shareholders84
B. Related Party Transactions84
C. Interests of Experts and Counsel85
ITEM 8.FINANCIAL INFORMATION85
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information85
B. Significant Changes85

i

ITEM 9.THE OFFER AND LISTING86
A. Offer and Listing Details86
B. Plan of Distribution86
C. Markets86
D. Selling Shareholders86
E. Dilution86
F. Expenses of the Issue86
ITEM 10.ADDITIONAL INFORMATION86
A. Share Capital86
B. Memorandum and Articles of Association86
C. Material Contracts95
D. Exchange Controls95
E. Taxation96
F. Dividends and Paying Agents100
G. Statement by Experts100
H. Documents on Display100
I. Subsidiary Information100
ITEM 11.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK100
ITEM 12.DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES100
A. Debt Securities100
B. Warrants and Rights100
C. Other Securities100
D. American Depositary Shares100
PART II
ITEM 13.DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES101
ITEM 14.MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITIES HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS101
ITEM 15.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES101
ITEM 16[RESERVED]103
ITEM 16A.AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT103
ITEM 16B.CODE OF ETHICS103

ii

ITEM 16C.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES103
ITEM 16D.EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES104
ITEM 16E.PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS104
ITEM 16F.CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT104
ITEM 16G.CORPORATE GOVERNANCE105
ITEM 16H.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE.106
ITEM 16I.DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.106
ITEM 16J.INSIDER TRADING POLICIES106
ITEM 16K.CYBERSECURITY106
PART III
ITEM 17.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS107
ITEM 18.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS107
ITEM 19.EXHIBITS107

iii

INTRODUCTORY NOTES

Use of Certain Defined Terms

Except as otherwise indicated by the context and for the purposes of this report only, references in this report to:

●“AI Holdings” are to Guardforce AI Holdings Limited, a BVI company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“AI Hong Kong” are to Guardforce AI (Hongkong) Co., Limited, a Hong Kong company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“AI Robots” are to Guardforce AI Robots Limited, a BVI company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“AI Singapore” are to Guardforce AI Singapore Pte Ltd., a Singapore company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“AI Technology” are to Guardforce AI Technology Limited, a BVI company;
●“AI Thailand” are to Guardforce AI Group Co., Limited, a Thailand company and our wholly controlled subsidiary;
●“Baht” and “THB” are to the legal currency of Thailand;
●“Bank of Thailand” or “BOT” are to Thailand’s central bank;
●“BVI” are to the British Virgin Islands;
●“Beijing Wanjia” are to Beijing Wanjia Security System Limited, a PRC company and Shenzhen GFAI’s wholly owned subsidiary, on December 25, 2025, the Company decoupled with Beijing Wanjia;
●“CIT” are to cash-in-transit or cash/valuables-in-transit;
●“Companies Act” are to the Companies Act (As Revised), as consolidated and revised, of the Cayman Islands;
●“Exchange Act” are to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;
●“FINRA” are to the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority;
●“GF Cash (CIT)” are to Guardforce Cash Solutions Security (Thailand) Co., Ltd., a Thailand company and AI Thailand’s 99.07% owned subsidiary;
●“Guardforce,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” are to the combined business of Guardforce AI Co., Limited, a Cayman Islands company, its subsidiaries and other consolidated entities;
●“GFAI Japan” are to GFAI Robot Service GK, a Japan company and AI Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on October 29, 2024, the Company deregistered GFAI Japan;
●“GFAI Korea” are to GFAI Robot Service Co., Ltd., a South Korea company and AI Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“GFAI R&I” are to GFAI Robotic and Innovation Solution (Thailand) Company Limited, a Thailand company and 98% owned by AI Thailand, 1% owned by Horizon Dragon and 1% owned by Southern Ambition;
●“GFAI UK” are to GFAI Robot Service (UK) Limited, a UK company and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on February 6, 2024, the Company deregistered GFAI UK;

iv

●“GFAI Canada” are to GFAI Robot Service Limited, a company incorporated in the Province of Ontario, Canada, and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on January 5, 2024, the Company deregistered GFAI Canada;
●“GFAI Vietnam” are to GFAI Robot Service (Vietnam) Co., Ltd, a Vietnam company and AI Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on March 22, 2023, the Company deregistered GFAI Vietnam;
●“Guangzhou GFAI” are to Guangzhou GFAI Technology Co., Limited, formerly known as Guangzhou Kewei Robot Technology, a PRC company and Shenzhen GFAI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“GFAI Technology” are to GFAI Technology Limited, a BVI company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“GFAI Technology HK” are to GFAI Technology (Hong Kong) Limited, a Hong Kong company and a wholly owned subsidiary of GFAI Technology;
●“Handshake” are to Handshake Networking Limited, a Hong Kong company and our 51% owned subsidiary until on February 6, 2024, the Company disposed Handshake;
●“Hong Kong” are to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China;
●“Horizon Dragon” are to Horizon Dragon Limited, a BVI company and AI Holdings’ wholly owned subsidiary;
●“InnoAI” are to InnoAI Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., a PRC company and a wholly owned subsidiary of Robot Service Hong Kong;
●“Macau” are to the Macau Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China;
●“PRC” and “China” are to the People’s Republic of China, excluding, for the purpose of this annual report only, Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau;
●“Robotics BVI” are to GFAI Robotics Group Co., Limited, a BVI company and our wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robotics Malaysia” are to GF Robotics Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., a Malaysia company and Robotics BVI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robot Service Hong Kong” are to GFAI Robot Service (Hong Kong) Limited, a Hong Kong company and Robotics BVI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robot Service Australia” are to GFAI Robot Service (Australia) Pty Ltd., an Australia company and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on September 25, 2023, the Company deregistered Robot Service Australia;
●“Robotics US” are to GFAI Robotics Services LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and Robotics BVI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robotics Macau” are to Macau GF Robotics Limited, a Macau company and Robotics BVI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robot Service Shenzhen” are to Guardforce AI Robot Service (Shenzhen) Co., Limited, a PRC company and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robot Trading Dubai” are to GFAI Robot & Smart Machines Trading LLC, an UAE limited liability company and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary. On September 3, 2025, the Company deregistered Robot Trading Dubai;

v

●“Shenzhen GFAI” are to Shenzhen GFAI Robot Technology Co., Limited, formerly known as Shenzhen Keweien Robot Service Co. Limited, a PRC company and Robot Service Shenzhen’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“Robot Jian” are to Guardforce AI Robot (Jian) Co., Limited, a PRC company and Robot Service Hong Kong’s wholly owned subsidiary, on November 22, 2023, the Company deregistered Robot Jian;
●“Securities Act” is to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended;
●“Shenzhen Kewei” are to Shenzhen Kewei Robot Technology Co., Limited, a PRC company;
●“Shenzhen Yeantec” are to Shenzhen Yeantec Co., Limited, a PRC company;
●“Southern Ambition” are to Southern Ambition Limited, a BVI company and Robotics BVI’s wholly owned subsidiary;
●“South Korea” are to the Republic of Korea;
●“SEC” are to the Securities and Exchange Commission;
●“Thailand” are to the Kingdom of Thailand;
●“UAE” are to the United Arab Emirates;
●“UK” are to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
●“U.S. dollars,” “dollars,” “USD” and “$” are to the legal currency of the United States;
●“Vietnam” are to Socialist Republic of Vietnam;
●“VCAB” are to VCAB Eight Corporation; and
●“WK Venture” are to WK Venture Success Limited, a BVI company.

Forward-Looking Information

In addition to historical information, this annual report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. We use words such as “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” “target,” “plan,” “optimistic,” “intend,” “aim,” “will” or similar expressions which are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Such statements include, among others, those concerning market and industry segment growth and demand and acceptance of new and existing products; any projections of sales, earnings, revenue, margins, or other financial items; any statements of the plans, strategies and objectives of management for future operations; and any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance, as well as all assumptions, expectations, predictions, intentions or beliefs about future events. You are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions, which, if they were to ever materialize or prove incorrect, could cause the results of the Company to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Potential risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the possibility that third parties hold proprietary rights that preclude us from marketing our products, the emergence of additional competing technologies, changes in domestic and foreign laws, regulations and taxes, changes in economic conditions, uncertainties related to legal system and economic, political and social events in Thailand, a general economic downturn, a downturn in the securities markets, and other risks and uncertainties which are generally set forth under Item 3 “Key information—D. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this annual report.

Readers are urged to carefully review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report and our other filings with the SEC. These reports attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business, financial condition and results of operations and prospects. The forward-looking statements made in this report speak only as of the date hereof and we disclaim any obligation, except as required by law, to provide updates, revisions, or amendments to any forward-looking statements to reflect changes in our expectations or future events.

vi

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The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.