WhiteFiber, Inc.

Item 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 and 2024

(Expressed in US dollars)

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

WhiteFiber, Inc. (“WhiteFiber” or “the Company”) is a leading provider of high-performance computing (“HPC”) data centers and cloud-based HPC graphics processing units (“GPU”) services, which we term cloud services, for customers such as artificial intelligence (“AI”) applications and machine learning (“ML”) developers. Our HPC Tier-3 data centers provide hosting and colocation services. Our cloud services support generative AI workstreams, especially training and inference. WhiteFiber ordinary shares, par value $0.01 per share (the “Ordinary Shares”), are listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (Nasdaq:WYFI). The terms “we,” “us,” “our” or the “Company” mean WhiteFiber and its consolidated or combined subsidiaries.

On August 8, 2025, we completed the initial public offering (“IPO” or “Offering”) of our Ordinary Shares at a public offering price of $17.00 per share. The Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc. and Needham & Company, LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters (the “Underwriters”), entered into an underwriting agreement (the “Underwriting Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to offer and sell, and the Underwriters agreed to purchase,9,375,000 Ordinary Shares. The Underwriters were also granted a 30-day option (“over-allotment option”) to purchase up to an additional 1,406,250 Ordinary Shares. On September 2, 2025, the Underwriters fully exercised their option to purchase the additional 1,406,250 Ordinary Shares at the public offering price of $17.00 per share.

Prior to the consummation of the Offering, the Company entered into a contribution agreement (the “Contribution Agreement”) with Bit Digital Inc. (“Bit Digital” or “BTBT”), pursuant to which Bit Digital contributed (the “Contribution”) its HPC business through the transfer of 100% of the capital shares of its cloud services subsidiary, WhiteFiber AI, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries WhiteFiber HPC, Inc., WhiteFiber Canada, Inc., WhiteFiber Japan G.K. and WhiteFiber Iceland, ehf, to WhiteFiber in exchange for 27,043,749 ordinary shares of WhiteFiber (the “Reorganization”). Pursuant to the Contribution Agreement, the transfer will be accounted for as a common control transaction immediately prior to the IPO. The Contribution became effective on August 6, 2025, when the registration statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-288650), of WhiteFiber (the “Registration Statement”) was declared effective by the SEC. WhiteFiber AI became a wholly-owned subsidiary of WhiteFiber, Inc. and Bit Digital became the direct shareholder of WhiteFiber after the Reorganization. As of the date of this Form 10-Q, Bit Digital owns approximately 71% of WhiteFiber.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of presentation and principles of consolidation

The Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The financial statements presented for periods on or after August 6, 2025, the date on which the Contribution was completed, are presented on a consolidated basis, and include the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company. The financial statements for the periods prior to August 6, 2025 are presented on a combined basis, and reflect the historical combined financial position, results of operations and cash flows of WhiteFiber, as the operations were under common control of Bit Digital and reflect the historical combined financial position, results of operations and cash flows of those legal entities. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The financial information for the periods prior to August 6, 2025 represents the historical combined financial position and results of operation of WhiteFiber AI, incorporated on October 19, 2023. The results of Enovum (as defined below) are reflected following its acquisition on October 11, 2024. This information is derived from the consolidated financial statements and accompanying records of Bit Digital using the historical results of operations and historical basis of assets and liabilities of the Company. All revenues and costs as well as assets and liabilities directly associated with the business activity of the Company are included in the condensed combined financial statements. The financial statements also include expense allocations for certain functions provided by Bit Digital, including, but not limited to, certain general corporate expenses related to finance, tax, investor relations, and marketing. These general corporate expenses are included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations within general and administrative expenses. Direct usage has been used to attribute expenses that are specifically identifiable to the Company, where practicable. In certain instances, these expenses have been allocated to the Company primarily based on the percentage of revenue or other allocation methodologies that are considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of the services provided to the benefits received. The allocations may not, however, reflect the expense the Company would have incurred as a stand-alone company for the period presented. These costs also may not be indicative of the expenses that the Company will incur in the future or would have incurred if the Company had obtained these services from a third party.

For the period beginning August 6, 2025, the condensed consolidated financial information represents the Company’s financial position and results of operation as a stand-alone public Company. Following the Reorganization and IPO, the Company may perform certain functions using its own resources or purchased services. For an interim period following the Reorganization and IPO, however, some of these functions will continue to be provided by Bit Digital, under the Transition Services Agreement entered into between WhiteFiber and Bit Digital on July 30, 2025 (the “Transition Services Agreement”).

The condensed consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2024 included herein has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in our Prospectus.

Management believes all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of balance sheet, results of operations, and cash flows have been made. Except as otherwise disclosed, all such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year.

Use of estimates

In preparing the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates are based on information as of the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements. Significant estimates required to be made by management include, but are not limited to, the valuation of current assets, useful lives of property, plant, and equipment, impairment of long-lived assets, intangible assets and goodwill, valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, provision necessary for contingent liabilities and realization of deferred tax assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

We review the useful lives of equipment on an ongoing basis, and effective January 1, 2025, we changed our estimate of the useful lives for our cloud service equipment from three to five years. The change was made to better reflect the expected usage patterns and economic benefits of the assets. The effect of this change in estimate, related to cloud service equipment included in “Property, plant and equipment, net” as of December 31, 2024 and those acquired during the three months ended March 31, 2025, was a reduction in depreciation and amortization expense of $7.5 million and a benefit to net income of $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, and was a reduction in depreciation and amortization expense of $2.5 million and a benefit to net income of $1.9 million, or $0.06 per basic share and $0.06 per diluted share, for the three months ended September 30, 2025.

Fair value of financial instruments

ASC 825-10 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Fair value of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, deposits, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, and other payables, approximate their fair values because of the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities. Non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, operating lease right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are adjusted to fair value when there is an indication of impairment and the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s projected undiscounted cash flows. These assets are recorded at fair value only upon recognition of an impairment charge.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with commercial banks. The Company considers all highly liquid investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase to be cash equivalents.

Restricted cash

Restricted cash represents cash balances that support an outstanding letter of credit to third parties related to security deposits and are restricted from withdrawal.

Accounts Receivable, net

Accounts receivable consist of amounts due from our customers. Receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount less current expected credit losses for any potentially uncollectable accounts under the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) impairment model and presents the net amount of the financial instrument expected to be collected. The CECL impairment model requires an estimate of expected credit losses, measured over the contractual life of an instrument, that considers forecasts of future economic conditions in addition to information about past events and current conditions. In accordance with ASC 326,Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments(“ASC 326”), the Company evaluates the collectability of outstanding accounts receivable balances to determine current expected credit losses that reflects its best estimate of the lifetime expected credit losses. Uncollectible accounts are written off against the current expected credit losses when collection does not appear probable.

Due to the short-term nature of the Company’s accounts receivable, the estimate of expected credit loss is based on the aging of accounts using an aging schedule as of period ends. In determining the amount of the current expected credit losses, the Company considers historical collection history based on past due status, the current aging of receivables, customer-specific credit risk factors, including their current financial condition, current market conditions, and probable future economic conditions which inform adjustments to historical loss patterns. Credit loss expense, inclusive of credit loss expense on all categories of financial assets, is recorded within General and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).

Deposits for property, plant, and equipment

The deposits for property, plant and equipment represented advance payments for purchases of high performance computing equipment and other equipment used in our colocation services. The Company initially recognizes deposits for property, plant, and equipment when cash is advanced to our suppliers. Subsequently, the Company derecognizes and reclassifies deposits for property, plant, and equipment to property, plant, and equipment when control is transferred to and obtained by the Company.

Below is the roll forward of the balance of deposits for property, plant and equipment for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024, respectively.

Property, plant, and equipment, net

Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or declining-balance method. Direct costs related to developing or obtaining software for internal use are capitalized as property, plant, and equipment. Capitalized software costs are amortized over the software’s useful life when the software is placed in service. The estimated useful lives by asset category are:

Effective January 1, 2025, we changed our estimate of the useful lives for our cloud service equipment from three to five years. The change was made to better reflect the expected usage patterns and economic benefits of the assets.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Management reviews long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization, and instead, assessed for impairment annually at the end of each fiscal year, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount in accordance with ASC 350 –Intangibles - Goodwill and Other.

The impairment assessment involves an option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether events or circumstances exist that lead to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment is not performed, or after assessing the totality of the events or circumstances, we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, a quantitative assessment for potential impairment is performed.

The quantitative goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is not impaired. An impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit over its fair value up to the amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.

Finite-lived intangible assets

Intangible assets are recorded at cost less any accumulated amortization and any accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets acquired through business combinations are measured at fair value at the acquisition date.

Intangible assets with finite lives are comprised of customer relationships and are amortized on straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company assesses the appropriateness of finite-lived classification at least annually. Additionally, the carrying value and remaining useful lives of finite lived assets are reviewed annually to identify any circumstances that may indicate potential impairment or the need for a revision to the amortization period. A finite-lived intangible asset is considered to be impaired if its carrying value exceeds the estimated future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated from it. We apply judgment in selecting the assumptions used in the estimated future undiscounted cash flow analysis. Impairment is measured by the amount that the carrying value exceeds fair value. The useful lives of customer relationships is 19 years.

Business combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805 -Business Combinations, by recognizing the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, measured at the acquisition date fair value. The determination of fair value involves assumptions, estimates, and judgments. The initial allocation of the purchase price is considered preliminary and therefore subject to change until the end of the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). Goodwill as of the acquisition date is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net assets acquired.

Acquisition-related expenses are recognized separately from the business combination and are expensed as incurred.

Investment security

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, investment security represents the Company’s investment in a privately held company via a simple agreement for future equity (“SAFE”).

SAFE investments provide the Company with the right to participate in future equity financing of preferred stock. The Company accounted for this investment under ASC 320,Investments - Debt Securities and elected the fair value option for the SAFE investment under ASC 825,Financial Instruments, which requires financial instruments to be remeasured to fair value each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value estimate includes significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy.

Leases

The Company determines whether an arrangement contains a lease at the inception of the arrangement. If a lease is determined to exist, the term of such lease is assessed based on the date on which the underlying asset is made available for the Company’s use by the lessor. The Company’s assessment of the lease term reflects the non-cancelable term of the lease, inclusive of any rent-free periods and/or periods covered by early-termination options which the Company is reasonably certain of not exercising, as well as periods covered by renewal options which the Company is reasonably certain of exercising. The Company also determines lease classification as either operating or finance at lease commencement, which governs the pattern of expense recognition, and the presentation reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of operations over the lease term.

For leases with a term exceeding 12 months, an operating lease liability is recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at lease commencement reflecting the present value of its fixed minimum payment obligations over the lease term. A corresponding operating lease right-of-use asset equal to the initial lease liability is also recorded, adjusted for any prepayment and/or initial direct costs incurred in connection with execution of the lease and reduced by any lease incentives received. For purposes of measuring the present value of its fixed payment obligations for a given lease, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, determined based on information available at lease commencement, as rates implicit in its leasing arrangements are typically not readily determinable. The Company’s incremental borrowing rate reflects the rate it would pay to borrow on a secured basis and incorporates the term and economic environment of the associated lease. Variable lease costs are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred and not included in the measurement of right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities.

For the Company’s operating leases, fixed lease payments are recognized as lease expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, any fixed lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and are not recognized on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as an accounting policy election. Leases qualifying for the short-term lease exception were insignificant.

For sales-type leases where the Company is the lessor, the Company recognizes a net investment in lease, which comprises of the present value of the future lease payments and any unguaranteed residual value. Interest income is recognized over the lease term at a constant periodic discount rate on the remaining balance of the lease net investment using the rate implicit in the lease and is included in “Revenues.” Sales-type leases result in the recognition of gain or loss at the commencement of the lease, which will be recorded in “Other income, net.”

For operating subleases where the Company is the lessor, the Company recognizes lease payments in income over the lease term on a straight-line basis and is included in “Other income, net.”

Revenue recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers its services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange. Refer to Note 3.Revenue from Contracts with Customers for further information.

Contract costs

Capitalized contract costs represent the costs directly related and incremental to the origination of new contracts, including commissions that are incurred directly related to obtaining customer contracts. We amortize the deferred contract costs on a straight-line basis over the expected period of benefit. These amounts are included in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets, with the capitalized costs to be amortized to commission expense over the expected period of benefit included in Other current assets and Non-current assets and commission expense payable included in Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities.

The Company capitalized lease expense incurred in December 2023 that are directly related to fulfilling its cloud services which commenced operations in January 2024. The lease expense is directly related to fulfilling customer contracts and is expected to be recovered. The capitalized lease expense was reclassified as lease expense in January 2024.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue primarily pertains to prepayments received from customers for services that have not yet commenced as of September 30, 2025. Deferred revenues are recognized as revenue when recognition criteria have been met.

Remaining performance obligation

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of contracts for work that has not yet been performed. The amount represents estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to the unsatisfied portion of the performance obligation.

The Company’s cost of revenue consists primarily of (i) direct production costs related to our cloud services, including electricity costs, data center lease costs, data center employees’ wage expenses, and other relevant costs, and (ii) direct production costs related to our colocation services, including electricity costs, lease costs and other relevant costs.

Cost of revenue excludes depreciation expenses, which are separately stated in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Foreign currency

Accounts expressed in foreign currencies are translated into U.S. dollars. Functional currency assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars generally using rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date of each respective subsidiary and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of any related taxes, in total equity. Income statement accounts expressed in functional currencies are translated using average exchange rates during the period. Functional currencies are generally the currencies of the local operating environment. Financial statement accounts expressed in currencies other than the functional currency of a consolidated entity are remeasured into that entity’s functional currency resulting in exchange gains or losses recorded in other income (expense), net.

Operating segments

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. Our CODM is composed of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer who use segment gross profit (loss) to assess the performance of the business of our reportable operating segments. Asset information is not used by the CODM to evaluate performance or allocate resources.

Income taxes

We account for current and deferred income taxes in accordance with the authoritative guidance, which requires that the income tax impact is to be recognized in the period in which the law is enacted. Current income tax expense represents taxes paid or payable for the current period. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized using enacted tax rates for the future tax impact of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of recorded assets and liabilities. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized based on historical and projected future taxable income over the periods in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled on each jurisdiction.

In accordance with the authoritative guidance on accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, we recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on the two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained in audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.* *

Earnings (loss) per shar**e

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares or resulted in the issuance of ordinary share participating in the earnings of the entity.

Related Party Transactions

The Company accounts for related party transactions in accordance with ASC 850,Related Party Disclosures. Related parties include the Company’s principal shareholders, subsidiaries, affiliates, directors, executive officers, and entities under common control or significant influence, as well as any immediate family members of such persons.

Transactions with related parties are identified and recorded based on written agreements or other substantiating documentation and are undertaken in the ordinary course of business. Management evaluates whether terms of related party transactions are consistent with those that could be obtained in arm’s-length transactions. Significant related party balances and transactions are disclosed in the financial statements when material.

The Company discloses the nature of its related-party relationships, the type and amounts of transactions, outstanding balances (including receivables and payables), and any commitments or guarantees with related parties in the notes to the financial statements. Amounts due from or to related parties are generally unsecured, non-interest-bearing, and settled in cash unless otherwise disclosed.

In preparing the financial statements, management evaluates whether any related-party transactions require elimination upon consolidation, recognition of gain or loss, or reclassification, and ensures that appropriate disclosures are made for all material transactions.

Commitments and contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to contingencies, such as legal proceedings and claims arising out of its business, which cover a wide range of matters. Liabilities for contingencies are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated.

If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss is incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability is accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potentially material loss contingency is not probable, but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss, if determinable and material, would be disclosed.

Loss contingencies considered remote are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the nature of the guarantee would be disclosed.

The Company may also enter into contractual arrangements that result in commitments, including purchase obligations. In addition, the Company may be subject to contingent consideration obligations related to asset acquisitions, which involve potential future payments contingent upon the achievement of specified conditions or milestones.

Share-based compensation

The Company’s eligible employees have traditionally participated in Bit Digital’s shared-based compensation plans and continued to do so until the IPO was completed. The Company recognized compensation expenses for its employees and non-employees, in addition to an allocation portion of share-based compensation expenses associated with Bit Digital’s shared employees.

On February 6, 2025, the Board of Directors of WhiteFiber adopted the 2025 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2025 Plan”) pursuant to which 4,000,000 Ordinary Shares are authorized for issuance with respect to awards that may be granted to any directors, employees and consultants of the Company or affiliated companies. The 2025 Plan provides for Plan provides share-based compensation such as restricted stock units (“RSUs”), incentive and non-statutory stock options, restricted shares, share appreciation rights and share payments.

After the IPO, the Company’s eligible employees participate in WhiteFiber’s shared-based compensation plans. The Company accounts for share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation and ASC 505, Equity, which require all share-based payments to employees and members of the board of directors to be recognized as expense in the consolidated financial statements based on their grant date fair values. The Company has elected not to estimate forfeitures of its share-based compensation awards but recognizes the reversal in compensation expense in the period in which the forfeiture occurs. The Company expenses stock-based compensation to employees and non-employees over the requisite service period based on the grant-date fair value of the awards.

The Company has granted RSUs to certain employees and non-employees. Some of the RSUs contain a performance condition, and vesting is determined based on achievement of a performance metric. Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period based on the expected attainment of a performance metric. At each reporting period, the Company reassesses the probability of the achievement of the performance metric, and any increase or decrease in share-based compensation expense resulting from an adjustment in the number of shares expected to vest is treated as a cumulative catch-up in the period of adjustment.

Reclassification

Certain items in the financial statements of the comparative period have been reclassified to conform to the financial statements for the current period. The reclassification has no impact on the total assets and total liabilities as of September 30, 2025 or on the statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Recent accounting pronouncements

The Company continually assesses any new accounting pronouncements to determine their applicability. When it is determined that a new accounting pronouncement affects the Company’s financial reporting, the Company undertakes a study to determine the consequences of the change to its condensed consolidated financial statements and assures that there are proper controls in place to ascertain that the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements properly reflect the change.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-09,Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 expands existing income tax disclosures for rate reconciliations by requiring disclosure of certain specific categories and additional reconciling items that meet quantitative thresholds and expands disclosures for income taxes paid by requiring disaggregation by certain jurisdictions. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the updated guidance on its disclosures for the year ending December 31, 2025.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) (“ASU 2024-03”). ASU 2024-03 requires, in the notes to the financial statements, disclosures of specified information about certain costs and expenses specified in the updated guidance. ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact the updated guidance will have on its disclosures.

In May 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03,Business Combinations (Topic 805) andConsolidation (Topic 810): Determining the Accounting Acquirer in the Acquisition of a Variable Interest Entity (“ASU 2025-03”), which amends the guidance for identifying the accounting acquirer in transactions involving the acquisition of a variable interest entity that meets the definition of a business. The new standard is effective for the Company for its annual periods beginning January 1, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard.

On September 18, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06,Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – Internal-Use Software (Topic ASC 350-40) which amends certain aspects of the accounting for and disclosure of software costs under ASC 350-40. The ASU makes targeted improvements to ASC 350-40, but does not fully align the framework for accounting for internally developed software costs that are subject to ASC 350-40 with the framework applied to software to be sold or marketed externally that is subject to ASC 985-20. The ASU also does not amend the guidance on costs of software licenses that are within the scope of ASC 985-20. The amendments supersede the guidance on Web site development costs in ASC 350-50 and relocate that guidance, along with the recognition requirements for development costs specific to Web sites, to ASC 350-40. The new guidance will be effective for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The guidance can be applied on a fully prospective basis, a modified basis for in-process projects, or a full retrospective basis. The Company has adopted this ASU as of July 1, 2025 and prospectively applied the updated ASU.

3. REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

To determine revenue recognition for contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, including variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant future reversal will not occur, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the respective performance obligations in the contract, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies the performance obligation.

The Company recognizes revenue when it transfers its services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in such exchange.

The Company is currently engaged in high performance computing (“HPC”) business, including cloud services and colocation services through its operation of HPC data centers.

Disaggregation of revenues

Revenue disaggregated by reportable segment is presented in Note 15.Segment Reporting.

Cloud services

The Company provides cloud services to support customers’ generative AI workstreams. We have determined that cloud services are a single continuous service comprised of a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer (i.e., distinct days of service).

These services are consumed as they are received, and the Company recognizes revenue over time using the variable allocation exception as it satisfies performance obligations. We apply this exception because we concluded that the nature of our obligations and the variability of the payment terms based on the number of GPUs providing HPC services are aligned and uncertainty related to the consideration is resolved on a daily basis as we satisfy our obligations. The Company recognizes revenue net of consideration payable to customers, such as service credits, and accounted for as a reduction of the transaction price in accordance with guidance in ASC 606-10-32-25.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company accrued an estimated service credit of approximately $2.0 million to a customer under the terms of the contract. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company issued a service credit of $1.9 million to a customer as compensation for decreased utilization during the initial deployment period, which included testing and optimization phases.

The Company’s cloud services revenue has been generated from Iceland.

Data center/Colocation services

Colocation services generate revenue from Canada by providing customers with physical space, power, and cooling within the data center facility.

Our revenue is primarily derived from recurring revenue streams, mainly (1) colocation, which is the leasing of cabinet space and power, and (2) connectivity services, which includes cross-connects. Additionally, the remainder of our revenue is from non-recurring revenue, which primarily includes installation services related to a customer’s initial deployment.

Revenues from recurring revenue streams are billed monthly and recognized ratably over the term of the contract, generally one to five years for data center colocation customers. Non-recurring installation fees, although generally paid upfront upon installation, are deferred and recognized ratably over the contract term.

We guarantee certain service levels, such as uptime, as outlined in individual customer contracts. If these service levels are not achieved due to any failure of the physical infrastructure or offerings, or in the event of certain instances of damage to customer infrastructure within our data center, we would reduce revenue for any credits or cash payments given to the customer.* *

Contract costs

The Company capitalizes commission expenses directly related to obtaining customer contracts, which would not have been incurred if the contract had not been obtained. As of September 30, 2025, capitalized costs to obtain a contract totaled $1.2 million, and the outstanding commission expense payable was $1.6 million. As of December 31, 2024, capitalized costs to obtain a contract totaled $2.0 million, and the outstanding commission expense payable was $1.6 million.

Contract assets

Contract assets primarily consist of revenue allocated to complimentary services provided to customers as part of contractual arrangements. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, contract assets were $1.1 million and $nil, respectively.

Contract liabilities

The Company’s contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and customer deposits. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, contract liabilities were $7.8 million and $30.8 million, respectively.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, $3.8 million and $nil, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, $26.3 million and $13.1 million, respectively, of the beginning balance of contract liabilities was recognized as revenue.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, $2.1 million and $nil, respectively, and during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, $6.1 million and $nil, respectively, were recognized as revenue as a result of satisfying performance obligations in previous periods.

Remaining performance obligation

The following table presents estimated revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to the unsatisfied portion of the performance obligation as of September 30, 2025:

The amounts presented in the table above exclude variable consideration allocated entirely to wholly unsatisfied performance obligations. Such amounts have been excluded from the disclosure of remaining performance obligations in accordance with ASC 606, as the consideration is not fixed and determinable.

4. ACQUISITIONS

On October 11, 2024, the Company acquired 100% of Enovum Data Centers Corp (the “Acquiree” or “Enovum”), an owner, operator, and developer of high-performance computing data centers, located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The acquisition of Enovum provides the Company with a strong diversity of existing and prospective colocation customers, delivers a strong pipeline of expansion site opportunities and an experienced management team to lead the development processes, and enables the Company to offer new service offerings. The acquisition creates the potential for significant synergies, as the Company may capture additional margin from HPC customers, versus hosting them with third party data centers. Additionally, Enovum enhances the Company’s competitive positioning in the marketplace, enabling the Company to offer an integrated GPU cloud solution to customers. Finally, the Company will enjoy greater operating flexibility by collocating its owned GPU inventory in Enovum data centers, offering capacity to customers on a just-in-time basis.

The acquisition-date fair value of the consideration transferred totaled $43,834,313. The total consideration consists of $38,993,603 of cash consideration and $4,840,710 in equity-classified exchangeable shares. The acquisition-date fair value of the exchangeable shares was determined based on the opening market price of Bit Digital’s Ordinary Shares as of the acquisition date.

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price based on the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

The acquisition-date fair value of the acquired accounts receivable was $616,153, which equals the gross contractual amount. The Company does not expect a material amount of uncollectible contractual cash flows.

The Company recognized customer relationships as an intangible asset of $13,486,184 to be amortized over 19 years.

Of the total Goodwill recognized, $37,000 is attributable to the assembled workforce at Enovum and the rest is attributable to synergies expected to be achieved from the Company’s other operations combined with Enovum. The goodwill recognized is not deductible for tax purposes. We assigned the goodwill to our colocation reportable segment.

Through September 30, 2025, the Company recognized $2,080,253 of acquisition-related costs as expense in the statements of operations line item “General and Administrative Expense.”

The following unaudited pro forma financial information represents the consolidated results of operations as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2024:

These pro forma results are presented for information purposes only and do not necessarily reflect the actual results that would have been achieved had the acquisition occurred on the date assumed, nor are they indicative of future consolidated results of operations.

These amounts have been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies and adjusting the results of Enovum to reflect the additional depreciation and amortization that would have been charged assuming the fair value adjustments to property, plant and equipment, right-of-use asset and intangible assets had been applied on January 1, 2024, together with the consequential tax effects.

Enovum commenced its operations in October 2023. Therefore, is it impracticable to estimate and present pro forma revenue and net income of the consolidated entity as though the business combination had occurred as of January 1, 2023.

Real estate Acquisition – Montreal, Canada

On December 27, 2024, the Company acquired the building and land, together with all the related improvements, located in Montreal, Canada, from an unrelated third party. The total consideration consisted of approximately $23.3 million in cash.

The acquired set of assets did not meet the definition of a business as defined in ASC 805,Business Combinations, as no substantive processes or employees were acquired. The assets acquired consisted primarily of land, building and related equipment, which are included inProperty, plant, and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the tangible assets acquired was estimated to be $23.3 million. No identifiable intangible assets were acquired, no goodwill was recognized, and no liabilities were assumed in connection with the transaction.

Real estate Acquisition – Madison, North Carolina

On May 20, 2025, the Company acquired the building and land, together with all the related improvements owned by Unifi Manufacturing, Inc. (“Unifi Transaction”) that were located in Madison, North Carolina. The total consideration consisted of $45.0 million in cash, including the initial deposit of $2.2 million.

The acquired set of assets did not meet the definition of a business as defined in ASC 805,Business Combinations, as no substantive processes or employees were acquired. The assets acquired consisted primarily of land, building and related equipment, which are included inProperty, plant, and equipment, net on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the tangible assets acquired was estimated to be $45.0 million. No identifiable intangible assets were acquired, no goodwill was recognized, and no liabilities were assumed in connection with the transaction.

In connection with the agreement, additional contingent consideration may become payable to the seller based on the timing and availability of power at the site (see Note 17.Commitments and Contingencies).

5. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS, NET

Other current assets were comprised of the following:

6. LEASES

Lease as Lessee

During the period from October 19, 2023 to December 31, 2023, Bit Digital entered into a capacity lease agreement for its cloud services designed to support generative AI workstreams. The initial lease term isthree years, with automatic renewals for successive 12-month periods. The lease expense incurred in December 2023 is capitalized as deferred cost since it is directly related to fulfilling its cloud services which commenced operations in January 2024. The capitalized lease payment was expensed in January 2024.

On August 1, 2024, the Company entered into an additional capacity lease agreement for its cloud services. The initial lease term isthree years with automatic renewals for successive 12-month periods.

On October 11, 2024, the Company acquired 100% of Enovum Data Centers Corp, including a data center lease agreement in Montreal for its data center services. The remaining lease term on the date of acquisition was 12 years withtwo five-year renewal options.

On February 11, 2025, the Company entered into an additional office lease agreement for its headquarters office in New York. The initial lease term is 27 months with automatic renewals on a month-to-month basis.

On March 1, 2025, the Company entered into an additional capacity lease agreement for its cloud services. The initial lease term isthree years with automatic renewals for successive 12-month periods.

On April 11, 2025, the Company entered into a data center lease agreement in Saint-Jérôme for its data center colocation services. The initial lease term is for 20 years with two five-year extension options. The transaction also includes a fixed-price purchase option exercisable until December 31, 2025.

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, operating right-of-use assets were $42.2 million and $14.5 million, respectively and operating lease liabilities were $41.4 million and $13.4 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s amortization on the operating lease right-of-use assets totaled $1.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively and for nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, $3.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively.

The following table presents the components of the Company’s lease expense. GPU lease expenses and data center lease expenses related to operational data centers are included in cost of revenue; data center lease expenses incurred during construction and office lease expenses are included in general and administrative expenses:

Additional information regarding the Company’s leasing activities as a lessee is as follows:

The following table represents our future minimum operating lease payments as of September 30, 2025:

The Company entered into a GPU server lease agreement effective January 2024 for its cloud services designed to support generative AI workstreams. The lease payment depends on the usage of the GPU servers and the Company concludes that the lease payments are variable and will be recognized when they are incurred. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the GPU server lease expense amounted to $3.5 million and $3.9 million, respectively and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the GPU server lease expense amounted to $11.0 million and $9.8 million, respectively.

Lease as Lessor

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, the Company entered into a sales-type lease agreement as a lessor for its data storage equipment. The term of the lease is scheduled to expire in December 2026.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, the Company entered into a sales-type lease agreement as a lessor for its data storage equipment. The term of the lease is scheduled to expire in December 2026.

During the quarter ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into two sales-type lease agreements as a lessor for its cloud service equipment. The term of the lease is scheduled to expire in October 2029 and November 2029, respectively.

During the quarter ended December 31, 2024, the Company entered into an operating sublease agreement to partially lease out its leased data center to a third party. The term of the sublease is scheduled to expire on October 30, 2026 and includes two automatic renewal periods ofthree years each, unless subtenant provides at least 90 days’ notice of non-renewal prior to the end of the then-current term.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, the Company entered into two sales-type lease agreements as a lessor for its cloud service equipment. The term of the lease is scheduled to expire in April 2030 and May 2030, respectively.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the Company entered into one sales-type lease agreement as a lessor for its cloud service equipment. The term of the lease is scheduled to expire in June 2030.

The components of lease income for the sales-type lease were as follows:

Interest income is included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations under the caption “Revenue.”

The components of net investment in sales-type leases were as follows:

The following table illustrates the Company’s future minimum receipts for sales-type lease as of September 30, 2025:

The present value of minimum sales-type receipts of $14,924,711 is included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the caption “Net investment in lease.”

The following table illustrates the future lease payments to be received from the Company’s sublease tenant as of September 30, 2025 were as follows:

7. PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant, and equipment, net was comprised of the following:

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation and amortization expenses were $6.2 million and $4.3 million, respectively and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, depreciation and amortization expenses were $14.8 million and $11.5 million, respectively. Construction in Progress represents assets received but not placed into service as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we purchased data storage equipment totaling $5,315,202. Almost immediately thereafter, we entered into a sales-type lease agreement effective January 2024 for a portion of these assets valued at $3,353,608 with a third party. As a result, the leased data storage equipment was derecognized from our property, plant, and equipment and recorded as a net investment in lease. Refer to Note 6.Leases for more information.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, we purchased data storage equipment totaling $1,254,248 and immediately thereafter, we entered into a sales-type lease agreement effective August 2024 for a portion of these assets valued at $1,184,937 with a third party. As a result, the leased data storage equipment was derecognized from our property and equipment and recorded as a net investment in lease. Refer to Note 6.Leases for more information.

During the quarter ended December 31, 2024, the Company purchased servers and network equipment totaling $6,056,700 and almost immediately thereafter, we entered into two sales-type lease agreements effective November 2024 and December 2024 with a third party. As a result, the leased cloud service equipment was derecognized from our property, plant, and equipment and recorded as a net investment in lease. Refer to Note 6.Leases for more information.

During the quarter ended June 30, 2025, the Company purchased servers and network equipment totaling $4,898,326 and almost immediately thereafter, we entered into two sales-type lease agreements effective May 2025 and June 2025, respectively, with a third party. As a result, the leased cloud service equipment was derecognized from our property, plant, and equipment and recorded as a net investment in lease. Refer to Note 6.Leases for more information.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, the Company purchased servers and network equipment totaling $3,041,389 and almost immediately thereafter, we entered into one sales-type lease agreement effective July 2025 with a third party. As a result, the leased cloud service equipment was derecognized from our property, plant, and equipment and recorded as a net investment in lease. Refer to Note 6.Leases for more information.

Disposals of Property, Plant and Equipment

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company sold 64 InfiniBand (IB) Switches for a total consideration of $1.0 million. On the date of the transaction, the carrying amount of these switches was $1.4 million. The Company recognized a loss of $338,222 from the sale which was recorded within Net loss from disposal of property, plant and equipment. As of the date of this report, the Company has collected the cash consideration of $1.0 million.

8. INVESTMENT SECURITY

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, investment security represents the Company’s investment of $1,000,000 in a privately held company via a simple agreement for future equity (“SAFE”).

On June 30, 2024 (the “Effective Date”), the Company entered into a SAFE agreement for an initial investment amount of $1 million in exchange for a right to participate in a future equity financing of preferred stock to be issued by Canopy Wave Inc. (“Canopy”). Alternatively, upon a liquidity event such as a change in control, a direct listing or an initial public offering, the Company is entitled to receive the greater of (i) the SAFE investment amount plus 15% annual accrued interest (the “cash-out amount”), or (ii) the SAFE investment amount divided by a discount to the price per share of Canopy’s ordinary shares. In a dissolution event, such as a bankruptcy, the Company is entitled to receive the cash-out amount. If the SAFE is outstanding on the three-year anniversary of the Effective Date, then the SAFE will expire and the Company will be entitled to receive the cash-out amount. In the event of a qualifying equity financing, the number of shares of preferred stock received by the Company would be determined by dividing the SAFE investment amount by a discounted price per share of the preferred stock issued in the respective equity financing. The Company recorded an investment of $1 million as an investment in the SAFE on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, per the terms of the SAFE arrangement, the Company may be obligated to invest up to an additional $2 million into the SAFE arrangement if Canopy satisfies certain milestones prior to the expiration of the SAFE, or if an equity financing event occurs.

The Company accounted for this investment under ASC 320,Investments - Debt Securities and elected the fair value option for the SAFE investment pursuant to ASC 825,Financial Instruments, which requires financial instruments to be remeasured to fair value each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The fair value estimate includes significant inputs not observable in the market, which represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument-by-instrument basis on the date the instrument is initially recognized, is applied to the entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. For instruments measured at fair value, embedded conversion or other features are not required to be separated from the host instrument. Issuance costs related to convertible securities carried at fair value are not deferred and are recognized as incurred on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

At September 30, 2025, the Company performed a qualitative assessment to identify if events or circumstances indicate that the investment is impaired or that an observable price change has occurred. We considered available information about Canopy’s operations and industry conditions. No events or circumstances were identified that would indicate the investment is impaired or that an observable price change occurred. As of September 30, 2025, the investment continues to be reported at its original cost of $1,000,000. No upward or downward adjustments were recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

9. OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS, NET

Other non-current assets were comprised of the following:

10. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On February 6, 2025, the Board of Directors of WhiteFiber adopted the 2025 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the “2025 Plan”) which provides for share-based compensation such as restricted stock units (“RSUs”), incentive and non-statutory stock options, restricted shares, share appreciation rights and share payments may be granted to any directors, employees and consultants of the Company or affiliated companies and up to 4,000,000, as amended, ordinary shares. There have been 685,290 RSUs granted as of September 30, 2025.

From time to time, the Company grants equity awards under its 2025 Plan to employees of Bit Digital as consideration for services rendered to the Company. These awards are settled in shares of the Company’s ordinary shares and might be accounted for as share-based compensation to non-employee consultants and included within general and administrative expenses.

Certain employees of the Company have historically participated in Bit Digital’s 2023 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan and 2025 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (collectively, the “Bit Digital Plan”) which provide long-term incentive compensation to employees, consultants, officers and directors. Until the IPO was completed, certain employees of the Company continued to participate in the share-based compensation plans authorized and managed by Bit Digital.

All significant awards granted under 2025 plan will settle in WhiteFiber’s ordinary shares and are approved by WhiteFiber’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”)

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had nil awarded and unvested RSUs.

In May 2025, the Company entered into a director agreement with Ms. Ichi Shih, Chair of the Audit Committee. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, as amended on August 6, 2025, Ms. Shih was allocated 7,059 restricted share units (“RSUs”) with an aggregate value of $120,000, determined based on the IPO price. The RSUs were granted upon the commencement of trading of the Company’s ordinary shares on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

In August 2025, in connection with WhiteFiber’s initial public offering,1,329,037 outstanding and unvested equity awards under the 2023 and 2025 Bit Digital Plans held by WhiteFiber employees were cancelled and replaced with 222,739 RSUs under the 2025 Plan. The original aggregate value of these equity awards were preserved and the terms of the equity awards, such as the award period and vesting schedule continue unchanged.

In September 2025, the Company granted 88,235 RSUs to each of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer in accordance with their compensation arrangements. All of these RSUs were immediately vested.

In September 2025, the Company granted 43,728 RSUs to employees, which are subjected to a sixteen-quarter service with a one-year cliff vesting schedule.

For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of $3,932,900 and $nil. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of $3,932,900 and $nil respectively. As of September 30, 2025, the Company had $3,865,327 unrecognized compensation costs related to the unvested RSUs.

As of September 30, 2025, the Company had 250,301 awarded and unvested RSUs.

Other share-based compensation

All awards granted under the Bit Digital Plan that vested prior to the IPO were settled in Bit Digital’s ordinary shares. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of $954,270 and $35,343, respectively for the RSUs issued to WhiteFiber employees and directors under the Bit Digital Plan. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized share-based compensation expenses of $6,939,802 and $35,343, respectively for the RSUs issued to WhiteFiber employees and directors under the Bit Digital Plan.

In September 2025, the Company granted 235,294 RSUs to consultants under the 2025 Plan. The shares were fully vested upon issuance and granted as consideration for services rendered. The Company recognized share-based compensation expense of $4,839,998 in connection with this grant.

For the period before the IPO, share based compensation is allocated to the Company based on the same methodology used for the allocation of other corporate expenses. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized allocated share-based compensation expenses of $1,527,522 and $1,262,146, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company recognized allocated share-based compensation expenses of $2,385,674 and $1,346,661, respectively.

11. SHARE CAPITAL

Ordinary shares

As of December 31, 2024, there were 27,043,750 ordinary shares issued and outstanding.

On August 8, 2025, WhiteFiber completed its initial public offering (the “Offering”) of 9,375,000 ordinary shares, at a public offering price of $17.00 per share. The initial gross proceeds to WhiteFiber from the Offering were $159,375,000, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by WhiteFiber. Prior to the consummation of the Offering, Bit Digital held all of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of WhiteFiber. On September 2, 2025, the underwriters fully exercised their option to purchase an additional 1,406,250 ordinary shares, resulting in additional gross proceeds to WhiteFiber of $23,906,250, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by WhiteFiber. After giving effect to the Offering, and the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option in full, as of the date of this Form 10-Q, Bit Digital holds approximately 71% of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of WhiteFiber.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025,434,989 ordinary shares were issued to the Company’s employees, directors, and consultants in settlement of an equal number of fully vested restricted share units awarded to such individuals and companies by the Company pursuant to grants made under the Company’s 2025 Plan.

As of September 30, 2025, there were 38,259,989 ordinary shares issued and outstanding.

12. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

The components of goodwill as of September 30, 2025 are as follows:

The Company recorded goodwill in the amount of $19.8 million in connection with its acquisition of Enovum on October 11, 2024. Refer to Note 4. Acquisitions for further information.

Finite-lived intangible assets

In addition to goodwill, in connection with the acquisition of Enovum, the Company recorded an identified intangible asset, customer relationships, with a definite useful life of 19 years in the amount of $13.5 million. Refer to Note 4.Acquisitions for further information.

The following table presents the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of September 30, 2025:

The following table presents the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of December 31, 2024:

The following table presents the Company’s estimated future amortization of finite-lived intangible assets as of September 30, 2025:

The Company did not identify any impairment of its finite-lived intangible assets during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

13. INCOME TAXES

The following table provides details of income taxes:

Our income tax provision was $0.01 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The income tax provision during the three months ended September 30, 2025 was lower compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily due to the income tax benefits of $1.0 million generated from Enovum’s operating loss and partially offset by an increase of income tax expenses due to the higher operating profits from White Fiber Iceland.

Our income tax provision was $1.1 million and $1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The income tax provision is materially consistent between the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

With the enactment of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) on July 4, 2025, the Company anticipates a reduction in our U.S. federal cash tax payments for the remainder of 2025 as the 100% bonus depreciation on qualified assets is permanently restored. There are several alternative ways of implementing the provisions of the OBBBA, which we are currently evaluating. The impacts of OBBBA were not material to the income tax provision for the three months ended September 30, 2025.

We also continue to monitor the adoption of Pillar Two relating to the global minimum tax in each of our tax jurisdictions to evaluate its impact on our effective income tax rate. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the Company is not subject to Pillar Two global minimum tax.

14. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to ordinary shareholders by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted net loss per share does not include dilutive ordinary share equivalents in the weighted average shares outstanding, as they would be anti-dilutive.

For the three months ended September 30, 2025,250,301 unvested RSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2025,250,301 unvested RSUs were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive.

15. SEGMENT REPORTING

The Company hastwo reportable segments: cloud services and colocation services. The reportable segments are identified based on the types of service performed.

Gross profit (loss) is the segment performance measure the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) uses to assess the Company’s reportable segments.

The cloud services segment generates revenue from providing high performance computing services to support generative AI workstreams. Cost of revenue consists of direct production costs, including electricity costs, data center lease expense, GPU servers lease expense, and other relevant costs, but excluding depreciation and amortization.

Colocation services generate revenue by providing customers with physical space, power and cooling within the data center facility. Cost of revenue consists of direct production costs related to our HPC data center services, including electricity costs, lease costs, data center employees’ wage expenses, and other relevant costs but excluding depreciation and amortization.

The CODM analyzes the performance of the segments based on reportable segment revenue and reportable segment cost of revenue. No operating segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments.

Other than the $19.8 million of goodwill from the Enovum acquisition allocated to the Colocation Services segment, the Company does not allocate all assets to the reporting segments as these are managed on an entity-wide basis. Therefore, the Company does not separately disclose the total assets of its reportable operating segments.

AllOther revenue is generated from equipment leases with external customers.

The following tables present segment revenue and segment gross profit reviewed by the CODM:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2025

Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

The following tables present segment revenue and segment gross profit reviewed by the CODM:

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024

The following table presents the reconciliation of segment gross profit to net income before taxes:

16. RELATED PARTIES

Related-party transactions

WhiteFiber AI’s subsidiary, WhiteFiber Iceland ehf, appointed Daniel Jonsson as its part-time Chief Executive Officer starting November 7, 2023, for a six-month term with a three-month probation. His compensation includes a monthly salary of $8,334, a $6,440 signing bonus, and eligibility for performance-based RSUs. Concurrently, Daniel Jonsson is part of the management team at GreenBlocks ehf which not only provides bitcoin mining hosting services, but also benefits from a facility loan agreement extended by Bit Digital USA Inc., an affiliate of WhiteFiber Iceland ehf. Additionally, WhiteFiber Iceland ehf has contracted with GreenBlocks ehf for consulting services pertaining to our high performance computing services in Iceland. As of December 31, 2023, the Company owed $21,592 to Daniel Jonsson for salary and bonus, and $160,000 to GreenBlocks ehf for services rendered. By the end of the first quarter of 2024, we had settled these outstanding amounts with both Daniel Jonsson and GreenBlocks ehf.

Bit Digital made a payment of $1 million on behalf of WhiteFiber Iceland ehf, when WhiteFiber Iceland ehf entered into a simple agreement for future equity (“SAFE”) agreement for an initial investment amount of $1 million in exchange for a right to participate in a future equity financing of preferred stock to be issued by Canopy Wave Inc. (“Canopy”). By the end of the third quarter of 2024, we had settled this outstanding amount with Bit Digital.

Corporate Restructuring and Capital Contributions

Prior to the consummation of the Offering, the Company entered into a contribution agreement (the “Contribution Agreement”) with Bit Digital, pursuant to which Bit Digital contributed its HPC business through the transfer of 100% of the capital shares of its cloud services subsidiary, WhiteFiber AI, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries WhiteFiber HPC, Inc., WhiteFiber Canada, Inc., WhiteFiber Japan G.K. and WhiteFiber Iceland, ehf, to WhiteFiber in exchange for 27,043,749 ordinary shares of WhiteFiber (the “Contribution”). The Contribution became effective on August 6, 2025, when the Registration Statement was declared effective by the SEC.

On August 8, 2025, WhiteFiber completed its initial public offering (the “Offering”) of 9,375,000 ordinary shares, at a public offering price of $17.00 per share. The initial gross proceeds to WhiteFiber from the Offering were $159,375,000, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by WhiteFiber. Prior to the consummation of the Offering, Bit Digital held all of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of WhiteFiber. On September 2, 2025, the underwriters fully exercised their option to purchase an additional 1,406,250 ordinary shares, resulting in additional gross proceeds to WhiteFiber of $23,906,250, before deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by WhiteFiber. After giving effect to the Offering, and the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option in full, Bit Digital held approximately 71% of the issued and outstanding ordinary shares of WhiteFiber.

Transition Services Agreement (“TSA”)

In addition, prior to the consummation of the Offering, Bit Digital entered into the Transition Services Agreement with WhiteFiber, pursuant to which Bit Digital will provide certain services to WhiteFiber, on a transitional basis which will generally be up to 24 months following the effective date of the Registration Statement. The Transition Services Agreement provides for the performance of certain services by Bit Digital for the benefit of WhiteFiber, or in some cases certain services provided by WhiteFiber for the benefit of the Company, for a limited period of time after the Offering, including certain services provided by Sam Tabar, our Chief Executive Officer, and Erke Huang, our Chief Financial Officer and a Director. During such transition period, Messrs. Tabar and Huang will continue to hold the same position with Bit Digital as well as WhiteFiber. Messrs. Tabar and Huang have committed to provide the requisite time and effort to fulfill their responsibilities as a full-time officer of WhiteFiber, supervising a full staff and are expected to provide certain services, representing not more than approximately 30% of their working time, in respect of Bit Digital’s operations. The services to be provided will include financial reporting, tax, legal, human resources, information technology and other general and administrative functions. All services are to be provided at cost, except if otherwise agreed to. For the three months ended September 30, 2025, the fees payable, by WhiteFiber to Bit Digital are $314,460 for August 2025 and September 2025, exclusive of recharged share-based compensation of $1,483,584.

Guarantees

Bit Digital previously issued a guarantee to a third party on behalf of WhiteFiber Iceland ehf, making Bit Digital jointly and severally liable for WhiteFiber Iceland’s payment obligations related to hosting Services fees and electrical costs pursuant to a colocation agreement.

On September 25, 2025, the guarantee was assumed by WhiteFiber which became directly responsible for such obligations. Following the assumption, Bit Digital is no longer a guarantor under the agreement. As of September 30, 2025, there were no amounts outstanding or payments due under the guarantee.

Allocation of corporate expenses

The Company’s financial statements include Bit Digital’s general corporate expenses which were not historically allocated to the Company for certain support functions provided by Bit Digital. For the purposes of these financial statements, these general corporate expenses have been allocated to the Company. The allocations cover corporate services provided by Bit Digital up to the date of the IPO, including, but not limited to, finance, tax, investor relations, and marketing. Some of these services will continue to be provided by Bit Digital on a temporary basis after the IPO is completed under the Transition Services Agreement. For the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company was allocated $2.2 million and $1.0 million for these corporate services, respectively and for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company was allocated $4.9 million and $3.0 million for these corporate services, respectively. These expenses have been allocated to the Company on the basis of direct usage when identifiable, with the remainder allocated on the basis of percent of revenue or other allocation methodologies that are considered to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of the services provided to the benefits received. Management does not believe, however, that it is practicable to estimate what these expenses would have been had the Company operated as an independent entity, including any expenses associated with obtaining any of these services from unaffiliated entities. Related-party transactions that are not expected to be settled in cash have been included within Parent company net investment in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for further information.

17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

From time to time, the Company may be a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues costs associated with these matters when they become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

Contingent Consideration Liabilities

As part of the Unifi Transaction (See Note 4.Acquisition), the Company may be required to make additional contingent payments to the seller based on the timing and availability of electric service to the property, as follows:

Royal Bank of Canada Facility Agreement

On June 18, 2025, the Company entered into a definitive credit agreement with the Royal Bank of Canada (“RBC”), to finance its data centers business. The credit agreement provides for an aggregate amount of up to approximately $43.9 million of financing. The agreement is non-recourse and comprised of three separate facilities:

The Company agreed to certain financial covenants that are not yet in effect. The facilities have not yet been authorized for use by the lender, as certain conditions precedent have not yet been satisfied. Accordingly, no amounts were drawn, and no borrowings were available under the facility as of the reporting date.

Electric Service Agreement with Duke Energy

An existing Electric Service Agreement (“ESA”) with Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC (“Duke Energy”) for the provision of electric power to the facility located at 805 Island Drive, Madison, North Carolina was assigned to the Company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Enovum NC-1 Bidco LLC, from Unifi as of August 4, 2025.

The ESA establishes a minimum monthly bill for electric service, based on Duke Energy’s Rate of $8,754, irrespective of actual usage levels. In addition to standard service, Duke Energy has installed and maintains “Extra Facilities” (including overhead lines, substations, transformers, breakers, and metering equipment). The cost of these Extra Facilities totals approximately $1,137,975, for which the Company pays a monthly facilities charge of $11,405.

The ESA represents a continuing commitment to purchase power at or above the established minimum levels throughout the contract term. As such, the Company is obligated to pay the minimum monthly charges regardless of operational activity.

Under the termination clause, either party may cancel the ESA with at least 60 days’ written notice. In the event of early termination, the Company remains liable for all amounts due under the ESA through the termination date and may incur additional charges associated with the Extra Facilities if service is discontinued prior to the expiration of the facilities term.

As of September 30, 2025 management has no present intention to reduce operations at Madison or terminate the ESA. Accordingly, no liability has been recognized in the financial statements in connection with the ESA.

18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through November 13, 2025, the date the financial statements were issued. Based on this evaluation, the Company determined that the following subsequent events require disclosures in the accompanying financial statements:

MTL-3 Colocation agreement with Cerebras

The Company began generating revenue in early October 2025 and, effective November 1, 2025, commenced billing its customer the full monthly contractual amount of CAD 1.4 million (approximately USD $979 thousand) for 5 MW of capacity at the MTL-3 facility pursuant to the terms of the five-year agreement.