Healthcare Triangle, Inc.

HEALTHCARE TRIANGLE, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(in thousands except share and per share data)

1) Organization and Description of Business

Healthcare Triangle Inc. (“the Company”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Nevada on October 29, 2019, and then converted into a Delaware corporation on April 24, 2020, to provide IT and data services to the Healthcare and Life Sciences (‘HCLS”) industry. On January 1, 2020, the Company acquired the Life Sciences Business of SecureKloud Technologies Inc. and on May 8, 2020, the Company acquired Cornerstone Advisors Group LLC (Healthcare Business) from SecureKloud.

Healthcare Triangle, Inc. (HTI) reinforces healthcare progress through breakthrough technology and extensive industry know-how. HTI support healthcare providers and payors, hospitals and Pharma/Life Sciences organizations in their effort to improve health outcomes by enabling the adoption of new technologies, data enlightenment, business agility and accelerate responding to immediate business needs and competitive threats. The highly regulated HCLS industry turn to HTI for expertise in digital transformation on the cloud, security and compliance, develops, data lifecycle management, healthcare interoperability, clinical and business performance optimization.

HTI will concentrate on accelerating value to three healthcare sectors:

As an organization with the deep-rooted cloud expertise, HTI’s technology significantly relies on Big Data, Analytics, DevOps, Security/Compliance, Identity Access Management (IAM), Machine Learning (ML), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain.

Devcool Inc

Devcool Inc was incorporated under the laws of the State of California on September 25, 2016. The Company solves complex technology problems and delivers innovation to healthcare industry. The Company has successfully implemented projects for top Healthcare insurance companies and hospitals across United States of America. On December 10, 2021, Healthcare Triangle, Inc (HTI) entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Share Purchase Agreement”) with Devcool, Go To Assistance Inc., a California corporation (“Seller”), and Mr. Sandeep Deokule, current Chief Executive Officer of Devcool (“SD”). Pursuant to the Share Purchase Agreement, the Company will acquire 5,000,000 shares of Devcool’s Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001, which represents all the issued and outstanding capital stock of Devcool (the “Acquisition”). The closing of the Acquisition occurred on December 10, 2021 (the “Closing Date”). The Company exercised control by virtue of taking over the operations from November 01, 2021 (effective date) and the financials have been consolidated from this date.

2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Policies Basis of consolidated financial statements

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Healthcare Triangle and its wholly owned subsidiary. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying statements of operations include expenses for certain functions historically performed by SecureKloud company, including general corporate services, such as legal, accounting, treasury, information technology, human resources and administration. These expenses are based primarily on direct usage when identifiable, direct capital expenditure or other relevant allocations during the respective periods. We believe the assumptions underlying the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, including the assumptions regarding these expenses from this related party, are reasonable. Actual results may differ from these expenses, assumptions and estimates. The amounts recorded in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are not necessarily indicative of the actual amount of such indirect expenses that would have been recorded had we been a separate independent entity.

Reclassifications

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. The reclassifications have no effect on the previously reported net loss.

Accounting policy on common control transactions

The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with GAAP, and specifically with ASC 350 and ASC 805. As such, any assets acquired from non-arm’s length parties are recorded at their original carrying amounts.

ASC 350-30-30-1 provides that “An intangible asset that is acquired either individually or with a group of other assets shall be initially measured based on the guidance included in paragraphs ASC 805-50-15-3 and ASC 805-50-30-1 through 30-4.”

Ultimately ASC 805-50-30-5 provides” When accounting for a transfer of assets or exchange of shares between entities under common control, the entity that receives the net assets or the equity interests shall initially measure the recognized assets and liabilities transferred at their carrying amounts in the accounts of the transferring entity at the date of transfer. If the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities transferred differ from the historical cost of the parent of the entities under common control, for example, because push down accounting had not been applied, then the financial statements of the receiving entity shall reflect the transferred assets and liabilities at the historical cost of the parent of the entities under common control.”

Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements is in conformity with GAAP which requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the financial statements and the notes thereto. These estimates are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements. On a regular basis, management evaluates these estimates and assumptions. Items subject to such estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to:

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company is yet to achieve profitable operations, has negative cash flows from operating activities, and is dependent upon equity or other financings to fund ongoing operations all of which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Emerging Growth Company Status

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) December 21, 2026 (the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of our IPO), (ii) the last day of the first fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, (iii) the last day of the first fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a “large accelerated filer”, as defined in the rules under the Exchange Act, and (iv) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. We refer to the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 herein as the “JOBS Act,” and any reference herein to “emerging growth company” has the meaning ascribed to it in the JOBS Act.

Going Concern

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company is yet to achieve profitable operations, has negative cash flows from operating activities, and is dependent upon equity or other financings to fund ongoing operations all of which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

We have elected to take advantage of certain of the reduced disclosure obligations in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and may elect to take advantage of other reduced reporting requirements in our future filings with the SEC. As a result, the information that we provide to our stockholders may be different from the information you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests. In particular, Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act) for complying with new or revised accounting standards. Thus, an emerging growth company can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have elected to avail ourselves of this extended transition period and, as a result, so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we will not be subject to the same implementation timing of new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies until these standards apply to private companies unless we elect to early adopt as permitted by the relevant guidance for private companies.

Segment Information

The management has chosen to organize the Company around differences in products and services and segregated the reporting segments as Software Services, Managed Services and Support, and Platform Services.

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assessing performance. The Company defines the term ‘chief operating decision maker’ to be the interim Chief Executive Officer/Business Head. The Chief Operating Decision Maker along with the management team reviews the financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating our financial performance. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it operates in three distinct reportable operating segments, and all required financial segments information can be found in the consolidated financial statements.

Expenses included in segment operating profit consist principally of direct selling, delivery costs and research and development expenses. Certain Sales and Marketing expenses, General and Administrative expenses, depreciation, and amortization are allocated to individual segments in the ratio of revenue

Operating profit by Operating Segment

Revenue from top 5 customers

Twelve Months Ended December 31,

2024

2023

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenues as we transfer control of deliverables (services, solutions, and platform) to our clients in an amount reflecting the consideration to which we expect to be entitled. To recognize revenues, we apply the following five step approach: (1) identify the contract with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and (5) recognize revenues when a performance obligation is satisfied. We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from all parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience.

For performance obligations where control is transferred over time, revenues are recognized based on the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the deliverables to be provided.

Software Services

The Company enters into contractual obligations with the customers to perform (i) Strategic advisory services which include assessment of the enterprise network, applications environment and advise on the design and tools; (ii) Implementation services which include deployment, upgrades, enhancements, migration, training, documentation and maintenance of various electronic health record systems and (iii) Development services which include customization of network and applications in the public cloud environment.

Revenue from Strategic advisory, Implementation and Development services are distinct performance obligation and is recognized on time-and-material or fixed-price project basis. Revenues related to time-and-material are recognized over the period the services are provided using labor hours. Revenues related to fixed-price contracts are recognized as the service is performed using the cost-to-cost method, under which the total value of revenues is recognized based on the percentage that each contract’s total labor cost to date bears to the total expected labor costs. The cost-to-cost method requires estimation of future costs, which is updated as the project progresses to reflect the latest available information; such estimates and changes in estimates involve the use of judgment. The cumulative impact of any revision in estimates is reflected in the financial reporting period in which the change in estimate becomes known and any anticipated losses on contracts are recognized immediately, where appropriate.

We may enter into contracts that consist of multiple performance obligations. Such contracts may include any combination of our deliverables. To the extent a contract includes multiple promised deliverables, we apply judgment to determine whether promised deliverables are capable of being distinct and are distinct in the context of the contract. If these criteria are not met, the promised deliverables are accounted for as a combined performance obligation. For contracts with multiple distinct performance obligations, we allocate consideration among the performance obligations based on their relative standalone selling price. Standalone selling price is the price at which we would sell a promised good or service separately to the customer. When not directly observable, we estimate standalone selling price by using the expected cost plus a margin approach. We establish a standalone selling price range for our deliverables, which is reassessed on a periodic basis or when facts and circumstances change.

Managed Services and Support

The Company has standard contracts for its Managed Services and Support, however the statement of work contained in such contracts is unique for each customer. A typical Managed Services and Support contract would provide for some or all of the following types of services being provided to the customer: Cloud hosting, Continuous monitoring of applications, security and compliance and support.

Revenue from Managed services and support is a distinct performance obligation and recognized based on SSP (standalone selling price), ratably on a straight-line basis over the period in which the services are rendered. Contract with customers includes subcontractor services or third-party cloud infrastructure services in certain integrated services arrangements. In these types of arrangements, revenue is recognized net of costs when the Company is acting as an agent between the customer and the vendor, and gross when the Company is the principal for the transaction. In doing so, the Company first evaluates whether it controls the platform or service before it is transferred to the customer. The Company considers whether it has the primary obligation to fulfil the contract, pricing discretion and other factors to determine whether it controls the platform or service and therefore is acting as a principal or an agent. Payment for managed services and support is due monthly.

Platform Services

The Company has standard contracts for its Platform Services, however the statement of work contained in such contracts is unique for each customer. A typical Platform Services contract would provide for some or all of the following types of services being provided to the customer: Data Analytics, Backup and Recovery, through our Platform.

The revenue from Platform services is a distinct performance obligation and recognized based on SSP. During the periods presented the Company generated revenue from Platform services on a fixed-price solutions delivery model. Revenues related to fixed-price contracts are recognized as the service is performed using the cost-to-cost method, under which the total value of revenues is recognized based on the percentage that each contract’s total labor cost to date bears to the total expected labor costs. The cost-to-cost method requires estimation of future costs, which is updated as the project progresses to reflect the latest available information; such estimates and changes in estimates involve the use of judgment. The cumulative impact of any revision in estimates is reflected in the financial reporting period in which the change in estimate becomes known and any anticipated losses on contracts are recognized immediately, where appropriate.

Our contractual terms and conditions for Software services, Managed Services and Support and Platform services mandate that our services are documented and subject to inspection, testing at the time of delivery to customer. In addition, the Company needs to integrate seamlessly into the customers’ systems. Also, the customer has a right to cancel all, or part of the services rendered if it is not in accordance with statement of work and within the stipulated time

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets), and customer advances and deferred revenue (contract liabilities) on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, generally monthly upon achievement of contractual milestones. Generally, billing occurs after revenue recognition, resulting in contract assets. However, we sometimes receive advances or deposits from our customers, particularly on our international contracts, before revenue is recognized, resulting in contract liabilities. These deposits are liquidated when revenue is recognized

The beginning and ending contract balances were as follows:

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments (including money market funds) with an original maturity at acquisition of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances, which may exceed federally insured limits. The Company does not believe that this results in any significant credit risk.

Accounts Receivable

The Company extends credit to clients based upon management’s assessment of their creditworthiness on an unsecured basis. The Company provides an allowance for uncollectible accounts based on historical experience and management evaluation of trend analysis. The Company includes any balances that are determined to be uncollectible in its allowance for doubtful accounts. For the year ended December 31, 2024, Company has provided allowance for uncollectible accounts for a value of $170 and $0 for the year end December 31, 2023. Based on the information available, management believes the Company’s other receivable is collectible.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost. The Company provides for depreciation of property and equipment using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets ranging from 3 to 7 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease terms or the useful lives of the improvements. The Company charges repairs and maintenance costs that do not extend the lives of the assets to expenses as incurred.

Intangible Assets

We capitalize certain costs incurred for the platform development when it is determined that it is probable that the platform will be completed and will be used as intended. Costs related to preliminary project activities, post-implementation activities, training, and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Customer relationship and platform development are amortized based on finite lives using either the straight-line method or based on estimated future cash flows to approximate the pattern in which the economic benefit of the asset will be utilized. Management evaluates the useful lives of these assets on an annual basis and tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets.

As of January 30, 2024, management has identified a significant change in circumstances arising from the loss of a major customer within our wholly owned subsidiary, Devcool Inc. Historically, this customer has accounted for approximately 45% to 50% of the Company’s business. However, recent developments have led to a substantial reduction in transactions with the company. Based on the impairment assessment, management determined that an impairment loss of $1,710 was necessary to reflect the reduced value of the customer relationship as at December 31, 2023. This impairment loss, which is a non-recurring expense, has been recognized in the financial statements for the reporting period ending on that date

Based on the impairment assessment, management determined there isno impairment loss as at December 31, 2024.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of the cost of an acquired entity over the net amounts assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

The Company’s annual goodwill impairment test resulted in impairment of $0 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Trade accounts receivable is stated at the amount the Company expects to collect and do not bear interest. The collectability of trade receivable balances is regularly evaluated based on a combination of factors such as customer creditworthiness, past transaction history with the customer, current economic industry trends and changes in customer payment pattern. Additionally, if it is determined that a customer will be unable to fully meet its financial obligation, such as in the case of a bankruptcy filing or other material event impacting its business, a specific allowance for doubtful accounts may be recorded to reduce the related receivable to the amount expected to be recovered.

Although we believe that our approach to estimates and judgments regarding our allowance for doubtful accounts is reasonable, actual results could differ and we may be exposed to increases or decreases in required allowances that could be material.

Business Combinations

As per ASC 805-50 a common-control transaction does not meet the definition of a business combination because there is no change in control over the net assets. The accounting for these transactions is addressed in the “Transactions Between Entities Under Common Control”. The net assets are derecognized by the transferring entity and recognized by the receiving entity at the historical cost of the entities under common control. Any difference between the proceeds transferred or received and the carrying amounts of the net assets is recognized in equity in the transferring and receiving entities’ separate financial statements and eliminated in consolidation. The change in accounting principle is applied retroactively for all periods presented.

We account for business combinations using the acquisition method, which requires the identification of the acquirer, the determination of the acquisition date and the allocation of the purchase price paid by the acquirer to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, including any contingent consideration and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at their acquisition date fair values. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired, including the amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets. Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the periods in which the costs are incurred. The results of operations of acquired businesses are included in our consolidated financial statements from the date of effective control.

Valuation of Contingent Earn-out Consideration.

Acquisitions may include contingent consideration payments based on the achievement of certain future financial performance measures of the acquired company. Contingent consideration is required to be recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. We estimate the fair value of these liabilities based on financial projections of the acquired companies and estimated probabilities of achievement. We believe our estimates and assumptions are reasonable, however, there is significant judgment involved. We evaluate, on a routine, periodic basis, the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration and changes in estimated fair value, subsequent to the initial fair value estimate at the time of the acquisition, will be reflected in income or expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations may result from changes in discount periods and rates, changes in the timing and amount of revenue and/or earnings estimates and changes in probability assumptions with respect to the likelihood of achieving the various earn-out criteria. Any changes in the estimated fair value of contingent consideration may have a material impact on our operating results.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share.

Earnings per share (“EPS”) is the amount of earnings attributable to each share of common stock. For convenience, the term is used to refer to either earnings or loss per share. EPS is computed pursuant to Section 260-10-45 of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. Pursuant to ASC Paragraphs 260-10-45-10 through 260-10-45-16, basic EPS shall be computed by dividing income available to common stockholders (the numerator) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding (the denominator) during the period. Income available to common stockholders shall be computed by deducting both the dividends declared in the period on preferred stock (whether or not paid) and the dividends accumulated for the period on cumulative preferred stock (whether or not earned) from income from continuing operations (if that amount appears in the income statement) and also from net income. The computation of diluted EPS is similar to the computation of basic EPS except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential common shares had been issued during the period to reflect the potential dilution that could occur from common shares issuable through contingent shares issuance arrangement, stock options or warrants.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures its financial assets at fair value each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1—Inputs are observable and reflect quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2—Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3—Inputs that are unobservable

Money market funds and U.S. treasury securities are classified within Level 1 because they are valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. Other debt securities and investments are classified within Level 2 if the investments are valued using model driven valuations which use observable inputs such as quoted market prices, benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Available-for-sale debt securities are held by custodians who obtain investment prices from a third-party pricing provider that incorporates standard inputs in various asset price models. In connection with the acquisition of Devcool, Inc., the Company recognized a liability on the acquisition date for the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration based on the probability of achieving certain milestones pursuant to the acquisition agreement. The fair value measurement of the contingent consideration is based on significant unobservable inputs and management judgment; therefore, it is categorized under Level 3 at the balance sheet date in the table below.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company accounts for stock-based awards to employees and consultants in accordance with applicable accounting principles, which requires compensation expense related to share-based transactions, including employee stock options, to be measured and recognized in the financial statements based on a determination of the fair value of the stock options over the instruments vesting period. Options awarded to purchase shares of common stock issued to non-employees do not need to be remeasured as per ASU 2018-07 principles.

The Company adopted the “2020 Stock Incentive Plan” (Plan). The Company has reserved 861,764 shares of the Company’s Common stock.

Income taxes

The provision for income taxes was determined using the asset and liability approach of accounting for income taxes. Under this approach, deferred taxes represent the future tax consequences expected to occur when the reported amounts of assets and liabilities are recovered or paid. The provision for income taxes represents income taxes paid or payable for the current year plus the change in deferred taxes during the period. Deferred taxes result from differences between the financial and tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities and are adjusted for changes in tax rates and tax laws when changes are enacted. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates applicable in the years in which they are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax law is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Advertising Costs

The Company expenses advertising cost as incurred. Advertising expense for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 was $607 and $526 respectively.

Concentration

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and trade receivables. Credit risks associated with trade receivables is minimal due to the Company’s customer base which consist of large customer base and ongoing procedures, which monitor the credit worthiness of its customers. For the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 sales to five major customers accounted for approximately 58% and 79% of total revenue respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024, and year ended December 31, 2023 accounts receivable from five major customers accounted for approximately 72% and 77% of the total accounts receivable.

Top Five Customers’ Accounts receivable for Twelve months ended December 31, 2024

The Company maintains cash balances in various financial institutions. The balances are generally insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000 (valid through December 31, 2024) per institution.

As of December 31, 2024, and 2023, the Company had $0 and $667, respectively, of uninsured cash balances. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any significant credit risk on cash.

3) Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following at,

Depreciation expenses for the year ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, were $32 and $48, respectively.

4) Intangible Assets

The Company’s intangible assets consist primarily of intellectual property and customer relationship it acquired through various acquisitions. We capitalize certain costs incurred for the platform development when it is determined that it is probable that the platform will be completed and will be used as intended. We amortize our intangible assets that have finite lives using either the straight-line method or based on estimated future cash flows to approximate the pattern in which the economic benefit of the asset will be utilized.

Intangible assets consist of the following:

Amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 were $857 and $1,518, respectively. This relates amortization of internally developed software, intellectual property, and customer relationships. The net carrying amount of intangible as of December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023 were$0 and $857 respectively.

5) Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception. Right of use (“ROU”) assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.

The Company is currently operating from two office locations leased by SecureKloud. The Company does not have any signed lease agreement in its name. The Company’s principal facility is located in Pleasanton, CA and has another facility in Plainsboro, NJ. Rent expenses were $135 and $135 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The Company utilized a portfolio approach in determining the discount rate. The portfolio approach takes into consideration the range of the term, the range of the lease payments, the category of the underlying asset and the Company’s estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company also considered its recent debt issuances as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics when calculating the incremental borrowing rates.

Leases with a term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet, per the election of the practical expedient noted above. The Company recognizes lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company recognizes variable lease payments in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate are initially measured using the index or rate at the commencement date, otherwise variable lease payments are recognized in the period incurred.

6) Due from Related Party

SecureKloud Technologies Inc, is a Nevada based corporation, focusing on digital transformation for Avionics, Technology and Manufacturing Industry. As a pioneer in enabling cloud transformation for global enterprises, SecureKloud Technologies Inc is building on foundation of cloud capabilities by creating innovative platforms that are time-tested and designed to drive success in its digital transformation journey. HTI uses the capabilities and resources of SecureKloud for the execution of projects for its customers.

On October 21, 2024, Healthcare Triangle, Inc acquired substantially all of the business, assets, and operations relating to cloud and technology domain of SecureKloud Technologies, Inc a Nevada corporation. The Acquired Assets were acquired by Healthcare Triangle, Inc under an Asset Transfer Agreement, dated October 21, 2024.

The consideration for the Acquired Assets consisted of the issuance of 1,600,000 shares of newly designated Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”) which is/are convertible each into 10 common shares at the holder’s option (subject to shareholder’s approval), for a total consideration of USD 7.44 million.

This is common control transaction, and the fair value of the assets acquired were calculated as $7,435. The transaction was treated as an asset acquisition and due to the common control nature, the company recorded deemed dividend and the acquired assets at $0, which was the carrying value of the common control seller.

SecureKloud Technologies Inc owns 45% of Healthcare Triangle Inc as of December 31, 2024.

The Company entered into a Master Service Agreement, Shared Services Agreement and Rental Sublease Agreement with SecureKloud Technologies Inc. As per the Master Services Agreement, SecureKloud provides technical resources according to the statement of work from the Company. The initial term of the agreement is twenty-four months, which is extendable based on mutual consent. SecureKloud charges for the services at cost. The Company received services amounting to $3,139 and $5,445 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 respectively. The Company has paid for these services during the year.

As per the terms of the Shared Services and Rental Sublease Agreement, the cost incurred by SecureKloud on behalf of the Company is settled at cost. The Shared Services Agreement includes Development infrastructure, Sales support, Recruitment and Immigration support, Project coordination, HR and Operation support, Management /Advisory services. The Company received services amounting to $335 and $377 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 respectively. The Company has paid for these services during the year.

The Company does not have any signed lease agreement on its name and currently operates from two office locations leased by SecureKloud. The Company has entered into a sublease agreement with SecureKloud and paid rent of $135 and $235 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 respectively.

The Company has made $181 from sales to related parties for the year ended December 31, 2024, and $38 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The Company has acquired intangibles of $0 from related parties for the year ended December 31, 2024, and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

The Company had entered into a Master Services Agreement with SecureKloud. As per the Master Services Agreement, SecureKloud provides administrative and technical services. The initial period of the agreement is for a period of three years which is extendable based on mutual consent. The Company received services amounting to $0 and $650 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 respectively. The Company has paid for these services during the year and there is no outstanding balance as at the year end.

The receivable from related parties as of December 31, 2024, was $138 and for the year ended December 31, 2023, was $14.

The balance due from affiliates as of December 31, 2024, was $497 and for the year ended December 31, 2023, was $304.

7) Contingent consideration

The Company recognized an initial value of $2,227 in financial year 2021 as contingent consideration towards acquisition of Devcool Inc.

As on December 31, 2022, based on the actual revenue and profitability achievement, the fair value of the contingent consideration liability was remeasured at $625, resulting in a gain of $1,602, which was recognized as “Gain on revaluation” in the consolidated income statement. The gain on revaluation was $0 in the financial year 2023.

The Company has a payout of $625 for financial year 2022 and $0 for financial year 2023 arising from the Devcool Inc, acquisition. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the company issued 31,250 common stocks valued at $125 towards settlement of the contingent consideration and the balance $500 is outstanding as of December 31, 2024.

On February 24, 2025, the Company executed a settlement agreement and issued 594,130 common stocks at 10-day VWAP of $0.6733 amounting to $400 and the balance $100 to be settled by cash on March 31, 2025.

8) Equity Transactions

The Company issued 50,000 common stocks amounting to $22 and 30,000 common stocks amounting to $108 as Consulting fees for services for the year ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. The fair value of the shares issued for services was calculated using the closing share price on date of grant.

The Company issued 558,958 shares of common stock at a price of $1.71 per share and 76,923 shares of common stock at a price of $6.50 per share for total cash proceeds of approximately $956 and $500 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

The Company issuednil and 31,250 common stocks at a price of $4 amounting $125 towards the equity earnout for the year ended December 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively.

On May 26, 2023, the Company effected a one-for-ten (1:10) reverse stock split of its outstanding common stock to be in compliance with the $1.00 minimum bid price requirement for continued listing. As a result of the reverse stock split, all previous and forward-looking shares have been adjusted to the split. The Company’s issued and outstanding common stock were combined intoone new share of common stock resulting in a reduction of 304 rounding shares.

Preferred Stock

The Company’s Certificate of Incorporation provides for a class of its authorized stock known as preferred stock, comprised of 10,000,000 shares, $0.00001 par value per share (the “Preferred Stock”), issuable from time to time in one or more series.

Series A Preferred Stock

With respect to payment of dividends and distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock will rank: (i) senior to all other classes or series of capital stock of the Corporation now existing or hereafter authorized, classified or reclassified, and (ii) junior to all Indebtedness of the Corporation now existing or hereafter authorized (including Indebtedness convertible into Common Stock).

The holders of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to receive dividends paid on the Corporation's Common Stock.

With respect to payment of dividends and distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock will rank: (i) senior to all other classes or series of capital stock of the Corporation now existing or hereafter authorized, classified or reclassified, and (ii) junior to all Indebtedness of the Corporation now existing or hereafter authorized (including Indebtedness convertible into Common Stock).

The holders of the Series B Convertible Preferred Stock shall not be entitled to receive dividends paid on the Corporation's Common Stock.

Series B Preferred Stock

On October 21, 2024, the Company acquired the customer contracts from SecureKloud Technologies, Inc (a common control entity) and in consideration for the acquired assets, issued 1,600,000 shares of Series B Convertible Preferred Stock (“Series B Preferred Stock”) which is/are convertible each into 10 common shares at the holder’s option (subject to shareholder’s approval). The Company did not record revenue during the financial year ended December 31, 2024, since the customer contracts were not in the Company’s name and the Company is waiting for the contracts to novate in order to recognize revenue accordingly. The Series B Preferred Stock were valued at USD 7.44 million.

The authorized Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2024, was 8,394,000.

9**) Debt Securities**

A. Convertible Note

On December 28, 2023, the Company entered into the Securities Purchase Agreement with the selling stockholder, pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue to the selling stockholder, in a private placement (the “Private Placement”), Senior Secured 15% Original Issue Discount Convertible Promissory Notes (the “Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of up to $5,200,000 which will result in gross proceeds to the Company in the amount of up to $4,420,000 due to the original issue discount, and warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase a number of shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Warrant Shares”) equal to 50% of the face value of the Notes divided by the volume weighted average price, in three tranches.

Under the first tranche of funding, which closed upon signing of the Purchase Agreement on December 28, 2023, the Company issued a Note to the Investor in the principal amount of $2,000,000 which resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of $1,700,000 and Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 357,500 Warrant Shares. The Note and Warrants issued in the first tranche of funding have an initial fixed conversion and exercise price of $3.44688 per share, subject to adjustment. The Warrants carry a 5-year term and, if not exercised, will terminate on December 28, 2028. The Company received the first tranche of $1,700,000 on December 29, 2023.

Each Note matures 18 months after issuance, does not bear any interest unless an event of default occurs, in which case the Note will bear interest at an annual rate of 18%, and is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Conversion Shares”) at an initial conversion price equal to $3.44688, provided that if an event of default has occurred and is continuing without cure, the conversion price will be the lesser of (i) $3.44688, (ii)95% of the average of the three lowest daily volume weighted average prices of the common stock during the 20 trading days immediately preceding the notice of conversion of the Note, and (iii)80% of the lowest daily volume weighted average price in the 10 trading days immediately preceding the applicable conversion date, subject to adjustment as further specified in the Note.

Each Note is fully repayable in cash upon maturity. In addition, the Investor has the option of requiring prepayment of up to 25% of the issuance amount of a subsequent financing. In addition, as to each Note, beginning on the earlier of (i) 60 days from issuance and (ii) the date on which the resale registration statement registering the Conversion Shares issuable under the Note and the Warrant Shares issuable under the corresponding Warrants has been declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Company must make monthly payments equal to 105% of the total principal amount multiplied by the quotient determined by dividing one by the number of months remaining until the maturity date as of the initial payment date (the “Monthly Payments”), until the principal amount has been paid in full prior to or on the maturity date or, if earlier, upon acceleration, conversion or redemption of the Note in accordance with its terms.

The Monthly Payments are payable in cash; provided that subject to certain limitations the Company may elect to pay all or part of a Monthly Payment in Conversion Shares in lieu of a cash payment based on a price per share equal to the lower of (i) conversion price then in effect, and (ii)95% of the average of the three lowest daily volume weighted average prices of the common stock during the 20 trading days immediately preceding the applicable payment date, subject to adjustment and to the floor price set forth in the applicable Note. If for any Monthly Payment the number of Conversion Shares issued as payment is limited by the floor price, the Company is required to pay the economic difference in cash.

On December 28, 2023, the Company issued Senior Secured 15% Original Issue Discount Convertible Promissory Note for an initial amount of $2,000,000 of convertible notes with an annual interest rate of 18% and a maturity term of 18 months. In connection with this issuance, the Company also issued 357,500 warrants, each allowing the holder to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $3.44688, exercisable until December 28, 2028.

The Company recorded $0 for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $435,000 as debt discount and $356,000 using the relative fair value method for the period December 31, 2023.

The Company has amortized $702,000 of debt discount during the period ended December 31, 2024 and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

(i)

During the year ending December 31, 2024, the Company converted $1,125,000 principal and $56,250 towards conversion fees on the L1 Capital convertible note. There was no gain or loss recorded on the conversions as they were consummated within the terms of the original agreement. As of December 31, 2024, the L1 Capital note was outstanding at $875,000.

The Company has amortized $277,000 of debt discount during the period ended December 31, 2024, and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The debt discount is being amortized over the life of the loan.

The long-term portion of this convertible debt was$0 as of December 31, 2024, and $97 as of December 31, 2023.

Aggregate maturities of convertible notes payable are as follows:

For the twelve months ended, December 31,

B. Common Stock Warrants

On December 28, 2023, the Company issued Senior Secured 15% Original Issue Discount Convertible Promissory Note for an initial amount of $2,000,000 of convertible notes with an annual interest rate of 18% and a maturity term of 18 months. In connection with this issuance, the Company also issued 357,500 warrants, each allowing the holder to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $3.44688, exercisable until December 28, 2028.

The Company recorded $435,000 as debt discount and an allocation of $355,943 towards warrant was recorded as additional paid-in capital using the relative fair value method for the period ending December 31, 2023.

As of December 31, 2024, there is a debt discount balance relating to convertible debt in the amount of $313,841. This balance will be amortized over the life of the note.

On December 28, 2023, the Company issued a convertible note to the investor in the principal amount of $2.0 million which resulted in gross proceeds to the Company of $1.7 million (the “First Tranche Note”) and Warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 357,500 Warrant Shares (the “First Tranche Warrants”). The First Tranche Note, and the First Tranche Warrants have an initial fixed conversion and exercise price of $3.44688 per share, respectively, subject to adjustment. The First Tranche Warrants carry a 5-year term and, if not exercised, will terminate on December 28, 2028.

The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested warrants for the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company has recognized cost of $0 for the year ended December 31, 2024, and $0 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

C. Short term borrowing

(i) Seacoast Business Funding

The Company has obtained a credit facility from Seacoast business funding (SBF) a division of Seacoast National Bank during the year ended December 31, 2022. The funding is against the accounts receivables of the company and its subsidiary. The SBF facility charges an interest of prime rate plus 1% on a floating basis. The balance as of December 31,2024, is $589 and $2,676 for the period ended December 31, 2023.

10) Provision for income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740,Income Taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Management evaluates all available evidence about future taxable income and other possible sources of realization of deferred tax assets. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that represents management’s best estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets that more likely than not will be realized. To the extent the Company establishes a valuation allowance or increased the allowance in any given period, an expense is recognized within the provision for income taxes in the statement of income.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to income tax matters as other expense in the statement of income. Based on management’s evaluations, there are no uncertain tax positions requiring recognition as of the date of these financial statements.

The components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2024, and 2023, were as follows (in thousands):

Income tax expense (benefit) was computed as follows:

The Company’s effective tax rate is 0% for the year ended December 31, 2024, and 0% and for the year ended December 31, 2023 The future effective income tax rate depends on various factors, such as the Company’s income / (loss) before taxes, tax legislation and the geographic composition of pre-tax income.

The Company’s current tax expense is $0. There isno liability in 2024 on account of losses.

The Company’s federal and state income tax returns are generally subject to possible examination by the taxing authorities until the expiration of the related statute of limitations on those tax returns which is generally three years from the original filing deadline. The Company regularly reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income, the expected timing of the reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and tax planning strategies. The Company’s judgment regarding future profitability may change due to many factors, including future market conditions and the ability to successfully execute the business plans and/or tax planning strategies. Should there be a change in the ability to recover deferred tax assets, the Company’s income tax provision would increase or decrease in the period in which the assessment is changed.

11 A) New Accounting Pronouncements implemented

12) Legal Matters

The Company is not involved in any action, arbitration and / or other legal proceedings that it expects to have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity of the Company. All legal cost is expensed as incurred.

13) Share Based Compensation

We estimate the fair value of our stock options using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. This requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the fair value of our underlying common stock, the expected term of stock options, the expected volatility of the price of our common stock, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of our common stock, the most critical of which, prior to our IPO, was the estimated fair value of common stock. The assumptions used in our option pricing model represent our best estimates. These estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment. If factors change and different assumptions are used, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. The resulting fair value, net of actual forfeitures, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award

These assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model, other than the fair value of our common stock, are estimated as follows:

We are required to estimate the fair value of the common stock underlying our stock-based awards when performing fair value calculations Historically for all periods prior to our IPO, given the absence of a public trading market for our common stock, and in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Practice Guide, Valuation of Privately-Held Company Equity Securities Issued as Compensation, we exercised reasonable judgment and considered numerous objective and subjective factors to determine the best estimate of the fair value of our common stock including:

In valuing our common stock prior to our IPO, our board of directors determined the enterprise value of our company using both the income approach and market approach valuation methods. The income approach estimates value based on the expectation of future cash flows that a company will generate. These future cash flows are discounted to their present values using a discount rate based on the cost of capital at a company’s stage of development. The market approach estimates value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable public companies in a similar line of business. From the comparable companies, a representative market value multiple is determined and then applied to the subject company’s financial results to estimate the enterprise value of the subject company.

A summary of option activity under the employee share option plan as of December 31, 2024, and changes during the year then ended is presented below.

A summary of option activity under the employee share option plan as of December 31, 2023, and changes during the year then ended is presented below.

The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested options for the year ended December 31, 2024

The following table summarizes the activities for our unvested options for the year ended December 31, 2023

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted in the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023 was $0.66 and $1.81, respectively. The fair value of the options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, was $8 and $310, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, there was $53 of unrecognized share-based compensation expense related to unvested options. This unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1 year based on vesting under the award service conditions.

The company issued and valued options using the Black-Scholes model for all 2024 and 2023 issuances with the following significant assumptions.

The Company recognized compensation expenses related to stock options of $87 during the year ended December 31, 2024, and $17 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

14) Net Income per share

The Company presents basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) data for its common stock. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to stockholders of the Company by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is determined by adjusting the net income attributable to stockholders of the Company and the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period for the effects of all dilutive potential common shares, including awards under stock-based compensation arrangements.

The Company’s unvested restricted stock awards are considered participating securities under FASB Codification topic,Earnings Per Share, because they entitle holders to non-forfeitable rights to dividends until the awards vest or are forfeited. When a company has a security that qualifies as a “participating security,” the Codification requires the use of the two-class method when computing basic EPS. The two-class method is an earnings allocation formula that determines EPS for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings. In determining the amount of net income to allocate to common stockholders, income is allocated to both common stock and participating securities based on their respective weighted average shares outstanding for the period, with net income attributable to common stockholders ultimately equaling net income less net income attributable to participating securities. Diluted EPS for the Company’s common stock is computed using the more dilutive of the two-class method or the treasury stock method.

Schedule of earning per share

15) Subsequent Events

The following subsequent events have occurred.

Convertible Note:

$10,000 to be paid on April 1, 2025.

$20,206 to be paid on June 1, 2025