Citius Pharmaceuticals Inc

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS, BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business

Citius Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (“Citius Pharma,” and together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) is a late-stage biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the development and commercialization of first-in-class critical care products with a focus on oncology, anti-infectives in adjunct cancer care, unique prescription products and stem cell therapies.

On March 30, 2016, Citius Pharma acquired Leonard-Meron Biosciences, Inc. (“LMB”) as a wholly-owned subsidiary. We acquired all the outstanding stock of LMB by issuing shares of our common stock. The net assets acquired included identifiable intangible assets of $19,400,000 related to in-process research and development. We recorded goodwill of $9,346,796 for the excess of the purchase price over the net assets acquired.

On September 11, 2020, we formed NoveCite, Inc. (“NoveCite”), a Delaware corporation, of which we own 75% of the issued and outstanding capital stock (see Note 3).

On August 23, 2021, we formed Citius Oncology, Inc. (formerly named Citius Acquisition Corp.) (“Citius Oncology”), as a wholly-owned subsidiary in conjunction with the acquisition of LYMPHIR, which began operations in April 2022. Pursuant to a merger agreement, dated October 23, 2023, with TenX Keane Acquisition, and its wholly owned subsidiary, TenX Merger Sub Inc (“Merger Sub”), on August 12, 2024, Merger Sub merged with and into Citius Oncology, with Citius Oncology surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of TenX Keane Acquisition. After the merger and recapitalization (the “Merger”), the newly combined publicly traded company is owned 92.3% by Citius Pharma, and is named “Citius Oncology, Inc.” (Nasdaq: CTOR).

Since our inception, we have devoted substantially all our efforts to business planning, research and development, recruiting management and technical staff, and raising capital. We are subject to a number of risks common to companies in the pharmaceutical industry including, but not limited to, risks related to the development by the Company or its competitors of research and development stage products, regulatory approval and market acceptance of its products, competition from larger companies, dependence on key personnel, dependence on key suppliers and strategic partners, the Company’s ability to obtain additional financing and the Company’s compliance with governmental and other regulations.

Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Preparation- The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the operations of Citius Pharmaceuticals, Inc., its wholly-owned subsidiary LMB and its majority-owned subsidiaries NoveCite and Citius Oncology. On August 12, 2024, Citius Oncology, previously a wholly-owned subsidiary, became a 92.3% majority- owned subsidiary.

The operations of NoveCite and Citius Oncology are included in the consolidated results. The portion of equity that is not attributable to the Company, is presented as a non-controlling interest within stockholders’ equity. Unless excluded by shareholder agreements, the portion of net loss attributable to non-controlling interests is included in the statement of operations. All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared on the same basis as the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary to fairly state the condensed consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024, and the results of its operations and cash flows for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The operating results for the three months ended December 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending September 30, 2025. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2024 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on December 27, 2024, as amended on January 27. 2025.

Use of Estimates- The process of preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates having relatively higher significance include the accounting for in-process research and development, goodwill, stock-based compensation and income taxes. Actual results could differ from those estimates and changes in estimates may occur.

Basic and Diluted Net Loss per Common Share - Basic and diluted net loss per common share applicable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net loss applicable to common stockholders in each period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during such period. For the periods presented, common stock equivalents, consisting of stock options and warrants, were not included in the calculation of the diluted loss per share because they were anti-dilutive.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Other than as disclosed in our Form 10-K, we are not aware of any other recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted that may have a material impact on our financial statements.

2. GOING CONCERN UNCERTAINTY AND MANAGEMENT’S PLAN

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company experienced negative cash flows from operations of $4,725,852 for the three months ended December 31, 2024. The Company had a negative working capital of approximately $26.5 million at December 31, 2024. The Company estimates that its available cash resources will be sufficient to fund its operations through March 2025 which raises substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the accompanying consolidated financial statements are issued. The Company is currently engaged in capital raise initiatives as well as separate capital raise initiatives through its 92.3% owned subsidiary Citius Oncology in an effort to extend its cash runway.

The Company has generated no operating revenue to date and has principally raised capital through the issuance of debt and equity instruments to finance its operations. However, the Company’s continued operations beyond March 2025, including its development plans for Mino-Lok, Halo-Lido and NoveCite, will depend on its ability to obtain regulatory approval for Mino-Lok and generate substantial revenue from the sale of LYMPHIR and on its ability to raise additional capital through various potential sources, such as equity and/or debt financings, strategic relationships, or out-licensing of its product candidates. However, the Company can provide no assurances on regulatory approval, commercialization, or future sales of LYMPHIR or that financing or strategic relationships will be available on acceptable terms, or at all. If the Company is unable to raise sufficient capital, find strategic partners or generate substantial revenue from the sale of LYMPHIR, there would be a material adverse effect on its business. Further, the Company expects in the future to incur additional expenses as it continues to develop its product candidates, including seeking regulatory approval, and protecting its intellectual property. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of the above uncertainty.

3. PATENT AND TECHNOLOGY LICENSE AGREEMENTS

Patent and Technology License Agreement – Mino-Lok

LMB has a patent and technology license agreement with Novel Anti-Infective Therapeutics, Inc. (“NAT”) to develop and commercialize Mino-Lok® on an exclusive, worldwide sub-licensable basis, as amended. LMB pays an annual maintenance fee each June until commercial sales of a product subject to the license commence. The Company recorded an annual maintenance fee expense of $90,000 in both 2024 and 2023.

LMB will also pay annual royalties on net sales of licensed products, with a low double digit royalty rate (within a range of 10% to 15%). In limited circumstances in which the licensed product is not subject to a valid patent claim and a competitor is selling a competing product, the royalty rate is in the low- to mid-single digits (within a range of 2% to 7%). After a commercial sale is obtained, LMB must pay minimum aggregate annual royalties of $100,000 in the first commercial year which is prorated for a less than 12-month period, increasing $25,000 per year to a maximum of $150,000 annually. LMB must also pay NAT up to $1,100,000 upon achieving specified regulatory and sales milestones. Finally, LMB must pay NAT a specified percentage of payments received from any sub-licensees.

Unless earlier terminated by NAT, based on the failure to achieve certain development and commercial milestones, the license agreement remains in effect until the date that all patents licensed under the agreement have expired and all patent applications within the licensed patent rights have been cancelled, withdrawn, or expressly abandoned.

License Agreement with Eterna

On October 6, 2020, our subsidiary, NoveCite, entered into a license agreement with Novellus Therapeutics Limited (“Novellus”), whereby NoveCite acquired an exclusive, worldwide license, with the right to sublicense, develop and commercialize a stem cell therapy based on the Novellus’s patented technology for the treatment of acute pneumonitis of any etiology in which inflammation is a major agent in humans. Upon execution of the license agreement, we, through NoveCite, paid an upfront payment of $5,000,000 to Novellus, which was charged to research and development expense during the year ended September 30, 2021, and issued to Novellus shares of NoveCite’s common stock representing 25% of the outstanding equity. We own the other 75% of NoveCite’s outstanding equity. Pursuant to the terms of the original stock subscription agreement, if NoveCite issued additional equity, subject to certain exceptions, NoveCite had to maintain Novellus’s ownership at 25% by issuing additional shares to Novellus.

In July 2021, Novellus was acquired by Brooklyn ImmunoTherapeutics, Inc. (“Brooklyn”). Pursuant to this transaction, the NoveCite license was assumed by Brooklyn with all original terms and conditions. In connection with that transaction, the stock subscription agreement was amended to assign to Brooklyn all of Novellus’s right, title, and interest in the stock subscription agreement and delete the anti-dilution protection and replace it with a right of first refusal whereby Brooklyn will have the right to purchase all or a portion of the securities that NoveCite intends to sell or in the alternative, at the option of NoveCite, Brooklyn may purchase that amount of the securities proposed to be sold by NoveCite to allow Brooklyn to maintain its then percentage ownership. In October 2022, Brooklyn changed its name to Eterna Therapeutics Inc. (“Eterna”).

Citius Pharma is responsible for the operational activities of NoveCite and bears all costs necessary to operate NoveCite. Citius Pharma’s officers are also the officers of NoveCite and oversee the business strategy and operations of NoveCite. As such, NoveCite is accounted for as a consolidated subsidiary with a noncontrolling interest.

Eterna has no contractual rights in the profits or obligations to share in the losses of NoveCite, and the Company has not allocated any losses to the noncontrolling interest.

Under the license agreement, NoveCite is obligated to pay Eterna up to an aggregate of $51,000,000 in regulatory and developmental milestone payments. NoveCite also must pay a royalty equal to a mid-teens percentage of net sales, commencing upon the first commercial sale of a licensed product. This royalty is subject to downward adjustment on a product-by-product and country-by-country basis to a mid-single digit percentage (within a range of 4% to 8%) of net sales in any country in the event of the expiration of the last valid patent claim or if no valid patent claim exists in that country. The royalty will end on the earlier of (i) date on which a biosimilar product is first marketed, sold, or distributed by Eterna or any third party in the applicable country or (ii) the 10-year anniversary of the date of expiration of the last-to-expire valid patent claim in that country. In the case of a country where no licensed patent ever exists, the royalty will end on the later of (i) the date of expiry of such licensed product’s regulatory exclusivity and (ii) the 10-year anniversary of the date of the first commercial sale of the licensed product in the applicable country. In addition, NoveCite will pay to Eterna an amount equal to a mid-twenties percentage of any sublicensee fees it receives.

Under the terms of the license agreement, in the event that Eterna receives any revenue involving the original cell line included in the licensed technology, then Eterna shall remit to NoveCite 50% of such revenue.

The term of the license agreement continues on a country-by-country and licensed product-by-licensed product basis until the expiration of the last-to-expire royalty term. Either party may terminate the license agreement upon written notice if the other party is in material default. NoveCite may terminate the license agreement at any time without cause upon 90 days prior written notice.

Eterna will be responsible for preparing, filing, prosecuting, and maintaining all patent applications and patents included in the licensed patents in the territory, provided however, that if Eterna decides that it is not interested in maintaining a particular licensed patent or in preparing, filing, or prosecuting a licensed patent, NoveCite will have the right, but not the obligation, to assume such responsibilities in the territory at NoveCite’s sole cost and expense.

License Agreement with Eisai

In September 2021, Citius Pharma entered into an asset purchase agreement with Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories SA, a subsidiary of Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories, Ltd. (collectively, “Dr. Reddy’s”) and a license agreement with Eisai Co., Ltd. (“Eisai”) to acquire an exclusive license of E7777 (denileukin diftitox), an oncology immunotherapy for the treatment of CTCL, a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We renamed E7777 as I/ONTAK and also obtained the trade name of LYMPHIR for the product. Citius Pharma assigned these agreements to Citius Oncology effective April 1, 2022. The Company received a BLA approval from the FDA for LYMPHIR in August 2024.

Under the terms of these agreements, Citius Pharma acquired Dr. Reddy’s exclusive license for E7777 from Eisai and other related assets owned by Dr. Reddy’s (which are now owned by Citius Oncology). The exclusive license rights, through Citius Oncology, include rights to develop and commercialize E7777 in all markets except for Japan and certain parts of Asia. Additionally, we, through Citius Oncology, retained an option on the right to develop and market the product in India. Eisai retains exclusive development and marketing rights for the agent in Japan, China, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, India (subject to the India option prior to FDA approval), Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Vietnam, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia, and Papua New Guinea. Citius Pharma paid Dr. Reddy’s a $40 million upfront payment, which represents the acquisition date fair value of the in-process research and development acquired from Dr. Reddy’s. Dr. Reddy’s is entitled to up to $40 million in development milestone payments related to CTCL approvals in the U.S. and other markets, up to $70 million in development milestones for additional indications, as well as commercial milestone payments and low double-digit tiered royalties on net product sales (within a range of 10% to 15%), and up to $300 million for commercial sales milestones. Citius Oncology also must pay on a fiscal quarter basis tiered royalties equal to low double-digit percentages of net product sales (within a range of 10% to 15%). The royalties will end on the earlier of (i) the 15-year anniversary of the first commercial sale of the latest indication that received regulatory approval in the applicable country and (ii) the date on which a biosimilar product results in the reduction of net sales in the applicable product by 50% in two consecutive quarters, as compared to the four quarters prior to the first commercial sale of the biosimilar product. Citius Oncology will also pay to Dr. Reddy’s an amount equal to a low-thirties percentage of any sublicense upfront consideration or milestone payments (or the like) received by us and the greater of (i) a low-thirties percentage of any sublicensee sales-based royalties or (ii) a mid-single digit percentage of such licensee’s net sales. Citius Pharma is a guarantor of Citius Oncology’s payment obligations under these agreements.

At the time of the FDA approval for LYMPHIR, a $27.5 million milestone payment became payable under the terms of the asset purchase agreement for which a balance of $22.5 million remains due as of December 31, 2024. Pending further discussions with Dr. Reddy’s, Dr. Reddy’s agreed to a partial deferral without penalty of this milestone payment.

Under the license agreement, Eisai was to receive a $5.9 million milestone payment upon FDA approval, which is included in license payable at December 31, 2024, and additional commercial milestone payments related to the achievement of net product sales thresholds and an aggregate of up to $22 million related to the achievement of net product sales thresholds. Citius Oncology was also required to reimburse Eisai for up to $2.65 million of its costs to complete the Phase 3 pivotal clinical trial for LYMPHIR for the CTCL indication and reimburse Eisai for all reasonable costs associated with the preparation of a Biologics License Application (“BLA”) for LYMPHIR. Eisai was responsible for completing the CTCL clinical trial, and chemistry, manufacturing, and controls (“CMC”) activities through the filing of the BLA for LYMPHIR with the FDA. The BLA was approved by the FDA on August 8, 2024. We, through Citius Oncology, will be responsible for development costs associated with potential additional indications.

The term of the license agreement will continue until (i) March 30, 2026, if there has not been a commercial sale of a licensed product in the territory, or (ii) if there has been a first commercial sale of a licensed product in the territory by March 30, 2026, the 10-year anniversary of the first commercial sale on a country-by-country basis. The term of the license may be extended for additional 10-year periods for all countries in the territory by notifying Eisai and paying an extension fee equal to $10 million. Either party may terminate the license agreement upon written notice if the other party is in material breach of the agreement, subject to cure within the designated time periods. Either party also may terminate the license agreement immediately upon written notice if the other party files for bankruptcy or takes related actions or is unable to pay its debts as they become due. Additionally, either party will have the right to terminate the agreement if the other party directly or indirectly challenges the patentability, enforceability or validity of any licensed patent.

Under the asset purchase agreement with Dr. Reddy’s, we are required to (i) use commercially reasonable efforts to make commercially available products in the CTCL indication, peripheral T-cell lymphoma indication and immuno-oncology indication, (ii) initiate two investigator initiated immuno-oncology trials (both of which have been initiated), (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to achieve each of the approval milestones, and (iv) complete each specified immuno-oncology investigator trial on or before the four-year anniversary of the effective date of the definitive agreement. Additionally, we are required to commercially launch a product in a territory within six months of receiving regulatory approval for such product in each such jurisdiction.

As part of the definitive agreement with Dr. Reddy’s, Citius Pharmaceuticals acquired method of use patents in which LYMPHIR is administered in combination with the programmed cell death protein 1 (“PD-1”) pathway inhibitor drug class. PD-1 plays a vital role in inhibiting immune responses and promoting self-tolerance through modulating the activity of T-cells, activating apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells and inhibiting apoptosis of regulatory T cells.

The following patents were acquired and subsequently transferred to Citius Oncology, Inc.:

Upon FDA approval of LYMPHIR in August 2024, Citius Oncology was subject to approval milestone fees totaling $33.7 million. Citius Oncology paid $5.0 million prior to year end and the remaining balance is reflected as a License Payable on the balance sheet. The $33.7 million was recorded as in-process research and development asset and will be subject to amortization over the regulatory exclusivity period commencing upon revenue generation.

4. INVENTORY

Inventory is stated at the lower of actual accumulated costs or net realizable value. Inventory consists of finished goods of $6,134,895, and work in process of $8,246,474 as of December 31, 2024. Inventory consists of finished goods of $6,134,895, and work in process of $2,133,862 as of September 30, 2024. Inventory is all related to the manufacturing of LYMPHIR commercial products to be sold in 2025. No reserves against inventory were deemed necessary based on an evaluation of the product expiration dating.

5. PREPAID EXPENSES

Prepaid expenses at December 31, 2024 consists of $145,739 of prepaid insurance and $2,700,000 of advance payments, made for the preparation of long-lead time drug substance and product costs which will be utilized in research and development activities or in the manufacturing of LYMPHIR for sales upon approval. Prepaid expenses at September 30, 2024 consists of $2,700,00 of advance payments, made for the preparation of long-lead time drug substance and product costs which will be utilized in research and development activities or in the manufacturing of LYMPHIR for sales upon approval.

6. COMMON STOCK, STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS

Authorized Common Stock

The Company filed a Certificate of Change with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada to (i) effect a 1-for-25 reverse stock split of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares of common stock, and (ii) decrease the number of total authorized shares of common stock from 400,000,000 shares to 16,000,000 shares. The reverse stock split was intended for the Company to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per share of common stock for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. The reverse stock split became effective on November 25, 2024, and the Company’s Common Stock began trading on a reverse stock split-adjusted basis on the Nasdaq Capital Market on November 26, 2024.

Common Stock Issued for Services

On October 10, 2023, the Company issued 4,351 shares of common stock for media, and public and investor relations services and expensed the $76,146 fair value of the common stock issued.

Common Stock Offering

On November 15, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with certain institutional investors for the issuance and sale, in a registered direct offering of 480,000 shares of the Company’s common stock and warrants to purchase 480,000 shares of common stock. Gross proceeds received were $3,000,000 and net proceeds were $2,574,051 after deducting fees and expenses. The shares and warrants were sold at a combined offering price of $6.25. The immediately exercisable warrants have an exercise price of $6.25 per share and expire on November 19, 2029. The estimated fair value of the warrants issued to the investors was approximately $1,575,000.

The Company paid the placement agent 7% of the gross proceeds and granted the placement agent immediately exercisable warrants to purchase 33,600 shares of common stock at an exercise price is $7.8125 per share which expire on November 15, 2029. The estimated fair value of the warrants issued to the placement agent was approximately $104,000.

Stock Option Plans

Pursuant to our 2014 Stock Incentive Plan, we reserved 34,667 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2024, there were options to purchase 18,484 shares outstanding, options to purchase 2,318 shares were exercised, options to purchase 13,865 shares expired or were forfeited, and no shares were available for future grants.

Pursuant to our 2018 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, we reserved 80,000 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2024, there were options to purchase 67,200 shares outstanding, options to purchase 4,667 shares were exercised, options to purchase 3,733 shares expired or were forfeited, and the remaining 4,400 shares were transferred to the 2020 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (“2020 Plan”).

Pursuant to our 2020 Plan, we reserved 124,400 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2024, there were options to purchase 66,000 shares outstanding, options to purchase 18,200 shares expired or were forfeited and the remaining 1,400 shares were transferred to the 2021 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (“2021 Stock Plan”).

Pursuant to our 2021 Stock Plan, we reserved 349,600 shares of common stock. As of December 31, 2024, options to purchase 330,000 shares were outstanding, options to purchase 18,200 shares expired or were forfeited and the remaining 1,400 shares were transferred to the 2023 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (“2023 Stock Plan”).

In November 2022, our Board approved the 2023 Stock Plan, subject to stockholder approval, which was received on February 7, 2023. The 2023 Stock Plan reserved 481,400 shares of common stock for issuance. As of December 31, 2024, options to purchase 359,400 shares were outstanding, options to purchase 4,000 shares expired or were forfeited and 118,000 shares remain available for future grants.

The fair value of each stock option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Volatility is estimated using the trading activity of our common stock. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant commensurate with the expected term assumption. The expected term of stock options granted, all of which qualify as “plain vanilla,” is based on the average of the contractual term (generally 10 years) and the vesting period. For non-employee options, the expected term is the contractual term.

A summary of option activity under our stock option plans (excluding the NoveCite and Citius Oncology Stock Plans) is presented below:

On November 7, 2024, the Board of Directors granted options to purchase 158,000 shares to employees,25,000 shares to directors and 2,000 shares to a consultant at $9.50 per share. The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted during the three months ended December 31, 2024 was estimated at $7.15 per share. These options vest over terms of 12 to 36 months and have a term of 10 years.

At December 31, 2024, unrecognized total compensation cost related to unvested awards under the Citius Pharma stock plans of $3,285,139 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.79 years.

NoveCite Stock Plan - Under the NoveCite Stock Plan, adopted November 5, 2020, we reserved 2,000,000 common shares of NoveCite for issuance. The NoveCite Stock Plan provides incentives to employees, directors, and consultants through grants of options, SARs, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, or other rights.

As of December 31, 2024, NoveCite has options outstanding to purchase 1,911,500 common shares of NoveCite, all of which are exercisable, and 88,500 shares available for future grants. All of the options were issued during the year ended September 30, 2021. These options vested over 36 months and have a term of 10 years. The weighted average remaining contractual term of options outstanding under the NoveCite Stock Plan is 6.14 years and the weighted average exercise price is $0.24 per share. At December 31, 2024, there is no unrecognized compensation cost related to these awards.

Citius Oncology Stock Plan - Under the Citius Oncology Stock Plan, adopted on April 29, 2023, we reserved 15,000,000 common shares of Citius Oncology for issuance. On August 2, 2024 we reserved an additional 15,000,000 common shares of Citius Oncology for issuance under the 2024 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan, (the “2024 Plan”). The Citius Oncology Stock Plan provides incentives to employees, directors, and consultants through grants of options, SARs, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, or other rights.

Volatility is estimated using the trading activity of Citius Pharmaceuticals common stock. until such time as Citius Oncology has sufficient history. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant commensurate with the expected term assumption. The expected term of stock options granted to employees and directors, all of which qualify as “plain vanilla,” is based on the average of the contractual term (generally 10 years) and the vesting period. For non-employee options, the expected term is the contractual term.

A summary of option activity under the Citius Oncology plan is presented below:

The weighted average grant date fair value of the Citius Oncology options granted during the three months ended December 31, 2024 was estimated at $0.80 per share. All these options vest over terms of 12 to 36 months and have a term of 10 years. At December 31, 2024, unrecognized total compensation cost related to unvested awards under the Citius Oncology stock plan of $14,393,428 is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.87 years.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 was $2,524,824, (including $0 for the NoveCite plan and $1,808,479 for the Citius Oncology Plan) and $3,058,185 (including $19,858 for the NoveCite Stock Plan and $1,917,000 for the Citius Oncology Plan), respectively.

Warrants

The Company has reserved 3,458,937 shares of common stock for the exercise of outstanding warrants. The following table summarizes the warrants outstanding at December 31, 2024:

At December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining life of the outstanding warrants is 2.96 years, all warrants are exercisable, and there was no aggregate intrinsic value for the warrants outstanding.

Common Stock Reserved

A summary of common stock reserved for future issuances by the Company excluding all subsidiaries as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

7. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Operating Lease

Effective July 1, 2019, Citius Pharma entered into a 76-month lease for office space in Cranford, NJ. We pay our proportionate share of real estate taxes and operating expenses in excess of the base year expenses. These costs are variable lease payments and are not included in the determination of the lease’s right-of-use asset or lease liability.

The Company identified and assessed the following significant assumptions in recognizing its right-of-use assets and corresponding lease liabilities:

The elements of lease expense are as follows:

Maturities of lease liabilities due under the Company’s non-cancellable leases are as follows:

Interest expense on the lease liability was $4,870 and $9,275 for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Commercial Manufacturing Contracts

The Company has entered into an agreement with a Contract Manufacturing Organization for the manufacture and supply of drug substance. The agreement runs through calendar 2026, with an automatic renewal for a subsequent 4-year term. Under this agreement, the Company is obligated to purchase minimum annual quantities of batches at a set price per batch, subject to annual increases. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an annual service fee of $250,000. The agreement also includes provisions for potential price increases based on increases in the manufacturer’s operating expenses or industry indices, as well as significant termination fees and obligations. As of December 31, 2024, the total minimum purchase commitment under this agreement was approximately $17.3 million consisting of payments of $11.9 million and $5.4 million for 2025 and 2026 respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company also has commercial supply agreements with two other vendors for the completion and packaging of finished drug products. Minimum purchase commitments under these two agreements amount to approximately $4.5 million consisting of purchase commitment obligations of $2.9 million in 2025 and $1.6 million in 2026.

8. MERGER AGREEMENT

On October 23, 2023, the Company and its then wholly owned subsidiary Citius Oncology entered into an agreement and plan of merger and reorganization (the “Merger Agreement”) with TenX Keane Acquisition, a Cayman Islands exempted company (“TenX”), and TenX Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of TenX (“Merger Sub”).

On August 12, 2024, pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, Merger Sub merged with and into Citius Oncology, with Citius Oncology surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of TenX (the “Merger”) which was subsequently renamed Citius Oncology Sub. Prior to closing of the Merger, TenX migrated to and domesticated as a Delaware corporation in accordance with Section 388 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and the Cayman Islands Companies Act (As Revised) (the “Domestication”). As part of the Domestication, TenX changed its name to “Citius Oncology, Inc.” (Nasdaq: CTOR).

The Merger recapitalization resulted in a 92.3% ownership interest by the Company in Citius Oncology.

9. NASDAQ LISTING

On December 18, 2024, the Company received notification that it had regained compliance with the $1.00 per share requirement for continued inclusion on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

At the Market Offering Agreement

On August 12, 2024, the Company entered into an agreement with HC Wainwright, (the “Manager’) to issue and sell through or to the Manager, as sales agent and/or principal, from time to time during the term of this Agreement the Company’s common shares. The Company completed the following sales of its common shares through the Manager in January 2025.

Registered Direct Offering

On January 7, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain institutional investors for the issuance and sale, in a registered direct offering by the Company (the “Offering”), of 743,496 shares of the Company’s common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Shares”) and warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase up to 743,496 shares of common stock. Gross proceeds received were approximately $3,000,000 and net proceeds were approximately $2,700,000 after deducting for fees and expenses. The Shares and Warrants were sold at a combined offering price of $4.035. The Offering closed on January 8, 2025.

The Warrants have an exercise price equal to $3.91 per share, are exercisable immediately upon issuance and will expire five years after the initial exercise date.

The Company also paid the placement agent 7% of the gross proceeds and also agreed to grant to the placement agent or its designees, placement agent warrants, to purchase up to 52,045 shares of the common stock (the “Placement Agent Warrants”). The terms of the Placement Agent Warrants are substantially the same as the terms of the Warrants, except that the exercise price is $5.0438 per share.