Tenon Medical Inc

(unaudited) (in thousands, except share and per-share data)

1. Organization and Business

Nature of operations

Tenon Medical, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on June 19, 2012 and was headquartered in San Ramon, California until June 2021 when it relocated to Los Gatos, California. The Company is a medical device company that has developed The Catamaran™ SI Joint Fusion System (“the Catamaran System”) that offers a novel, less invasive approach to the sacroiliac joint (the “SI Joint”) using a single, robust, titanium implant for treatment of the most common types of SI Joint disorders that cause lower back pain. The Company received U.S. Food and Drug Administration (“FDA”) clearance in 2018 for The Catamaran System and is currently focused on the U.S. market. Since the national launch of the Catamaran System in October 2022, the Company is focused on three commercial opportunities: 1) Primary SI Joint procedures, 2) Revision procedures of failed SI Joint implants and 3) SI Joint fusion adjunct to a spine fusion construct.

Principles of consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and as of December 31, 2023 include the accounts of its wholly-owned subsidiary, Tenon Technology AG (“TTAG”), a Swiss company. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The financial statements of TTAG are prepared for the same reporting period as the parent, using consistent accounting policies in all material respects. In 2024, TTAG was dissolved and, as such, the financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and as of June 30, 2024 only include the accounts of the Company.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Principles

Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). As permitted under these rules and regulations, the Company has condensed or omitted certain financial information and footnote disclosures normally included in its annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).* *The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 has been derived from the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements, which are included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 29, 2024.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 included in its Annual Report of Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 29, 2024.

These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements and, in management’s opinion, reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that are necessary for a fair presentation of its financial information. The interim period operating results do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year.

The Company’s significant accounting policies are disclosed in the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2024.

Going concern uncertainty and liquidity requirements

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. There is substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date that these condensed consolidated financial statements are issued.

Since inception, the Company has incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations. Management expects to incur additional operating losses and negative cash flows from operations in the foreseeable future as the Company continues its product development programs and the commercialization of The Catamaran System. Based on the Company’s expected level of revenues and expenditures, the Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2024 will not provide sufficient funds to enable it to meet its obligations for a period of at least twelve months from the date of the filing of these consolidated financial statements. The Company plans to raise the necessary additional capital through one or a combination of public or private equity offerings, debt financings, and collaborations. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Notice from Nasdaq

On May 7, 2024, the Company received a letter from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) stating that for the 30 consecutive business day period between March 25, 2024 and May 6, 2024, the common stock of the Company had not maintained a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share required for continued listing on The Nasdaq Capital Market pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Bid Price Rule”). Pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company was provided an initial period of 180 calendar days, or until November 4, 2024 (the “Compliance Period”), to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule.

If the Company does not regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule by November 4, 2024, the Company may be eligible for an additional 180-day period to regain compliance. To qualify, the Company would be required to meet the continued listing requirement for market value of publicly held shares and all other initial listing standards for The Nasdaq Capital Market, with the exception of the Bid Price Rule, and would need to provide written notice of its intention to cure the bid price deficiency during the second compliance period, by effecting a reverse stock split, if necessary.

If the Company cannot regain compliance during the Compliance Period or any subsequently granted compliance period, the common stock of the Company will be subject to delisting. At that time, the Company may appeal the delisting determination to a Nasdaq hearings panel.

The notice from Nasdaq has no immediate effect on the listing of the Company’s common stock. The Company is currently evaluating its options for regaining compliance. On December 21, 2023, the Company’s shareholders approved an amendment to its Certificate of Incorporation to provide for a reverse stock split in a ratio ranging fromone for two (1:2) toone for fifty (1:50) at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Use of estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to, realization of deferred tax assets, accrued liabilities, accrued commissions, incremental borrowing rate, obsolescence of inventory, allowance for credit losses, and stock-based compensation.

Reverse Stock Split

On November 2, 2023, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split by filing an amendment to the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, with the Delaware Secretary of State. The reverse stock split combined every ten shares of our common stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to effecting the reverse stock split into one share of common stock. No fractional shares were issued in connection with the reverse stock split. All historical share and per share amounts reflected throughout this document have been adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split. The authorized number of shares and the par value per share of the Company’s common stock were not affected by the reverse stock split.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes utilizing ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. ASC 740 requires the measurement of deferred tax assets for deductible temporary differences and operating loss carry forwards, and of deferred tax liabilities for taxable temporary differences. Measurement of current and deferred tax liabilities and assets is based on provisions of enacted tax law. The effects of future changes in tax laws or rates are not included in the measurement. The Company recognizes the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and recognizes deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of events and transactions that have been recognized in the Company’s financial statements or tax returns. The Company currently has substantial net operating loss carry forwards. The Company has recorded a 100% valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets due to uncertainty of their ultimate realization. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

Net loss per share

Basic net loss per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted net loss per share is based on the assumption that certain potential common stock equivalents (convertible preferred stock, stock options, and warrants) are converted or exercised. The calculation of diluted net loss per share excludes potential common stock equivalents if the effect is anti-dilutive. The Company’s weighted average common shares outstanding for basic and diluted are the same because the effect of the potential common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive.

The Company had the following dilutive common stock equivalents as of June 30, 2024 and 2023 which were excluded from the calculation because their effect was anti-dilutive:

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2023-07,Segment Reporting (Topic 280):Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which increases the disclosures about reportable segments including more detailed information about a reportable segment’s expenses. This guidance will be effective for the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 and the interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted. The guidance will have no effect on the Company’s results of operations as the changes are disclosure related. The Company has elected not to early adopt.

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740) -Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures”, which requires additional tax disclosures about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. This guidance will be effective on a prospective basis, with the option to apply it retrospectively, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new accounting guidance.

3. Fixed Assets, Net

Fixed assets, net, consisted of the following:

Construction in progress is made up of reusable components that will become reusable Catamaran Tray Sets. Depreciation expense was approximately $86 and $35 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expense was approximately $173 and $60 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

4. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

5. Debt

Convertible notes payable

In November 2023, the Company entered into Securities Purchase Agreements with certain investors (the “Investors”), pursuant to which the Company sold to the Investors a total of $1,250,000 in secured notes (the “Convertible Notes”) and warrants to purchase 45,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $1.94 per share.

The Convertible Notes bear an interest rate of 10% per annum with a default rate of 12% per annum and have a maturity date of November 21, 2024. All principal and accrued interest is payable at maturity. At any time during the term of the Convertible Notes, the principal amount together with all accrued interest thereon (the “Prepayment Amount”) may be paid in full, but not in part, by the Company. The Prepayment Amount may be paid by the Company in cash or by the issuance to the Investors of shares of Series A Preferred Stock, if prior to such payment with Series A Preferred Stock (i) certain stockholder proposals described in the Convertible Notes are approved by the Company’s stockholders; and (ii) the Company has commitments from investors other than the Investors to purchase shares of Series A Preferred Stock with a stated value of at least $3,750,000. The Convertible Notes are secured by a first priority security interest in all of the assets of the Company. The warrants expire five years from the issuance date. The warrants contain a “cashless exercise” feature and contain anti-dilution rights on subsequent issuances of equity or equity equivalents.

On February 20, 2024, the Investors agreed to a complete prepayment of the Company’s obligations under the Convertible Notes, including accrued interest, in exchange for 84,729 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 157,094 shares of our common stock at $1.2705 per share and the Convertible Notes were cancelled. See Note 7.

6. Leases

In June 2021, the Company entered into a facility lease agreement for its company headquarters in Los Gatos, California. This non-cancellable operating lease expires in June 2026. Operating lease costs for the facility lease were $73 and $73 for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and were $146 and $146 for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

Future maturities of operating lease liabilities as of June 30, 2024 were as follows:

Other information:

7. Stockholders’ Equity

The Company’s current Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated February 18, 2014 authorizes the issuance of 130,000,000 shares of common stock and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, both with a par value of $0.001 per share. With respect to the preferred stock,4,500,000 shares are designated Series A Preferred Stock and 491,222 shares are designated Series B Preferred Stock.

At-the-Market Offering Program

On May 4, 2023, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement to establish an at-the-market offering program, under which the Company may sell from time to time, at its option, shares of its common stock having an aggregate gross sales price of $5.5 million. The Company is required to pay the Sales Agents a commission of 3% of the gross proceeds from the sale of shares and has also agreed to provide the Sales Agents with customary indemnification rights. During the six months ended June 30, 2024,1,033,592 shares of the Company’s common stock were sold under the program at a weighted-average price of $1.83 per share with aggregate proceeds, net of issuance costs, of $1,834. No shares were sold under the program during the three months ended June 30, 2024. As of the date of this report, the Company may not sell additional shares under this program.

Equity Line of Credit

On July 24, 2023, the Company entered into a purchase agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with Lincoln Park Capital Fund, LLC (“Lincoln Park”), under which, subject to specified terms and conditions, the Company may sell to Lincoln Park up to $10 million of shares of common stock from time to time during the term of the Purchase Agreement. On September 22, 2023 (the “Commencement Date”) and on May 10, 2024, the Company filed registration statements with the SEC covering the resale of shares of common stock issued to Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement.

Beginning on the Commencement Date and for a period of 24 months thereafter, under the terms and subject to the conditions of the Purchase Agreement, from time to time, at the Company’s discretion, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Lincoln Park, and Lincoln Park is obligated to purchase, up to $10 million of shares of common stock, subject to certain limitations set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Specifically, from time to time from and after the Commencement Date, the Company may, at its discretion, direct Lincoln Park to purchase on any single business day on which the closing price of its common stock on The Nasdaq Capital Market (“Nasdaq”) is equal to or greater than $1.50 up to 10,000 shares of common stock (a “Regular Purchase”); provided, that the Company may direct Lincoln Park to purchase in a Regular Purchase(i) up to 12,500 shares of common stock, if the closing sale price of its common stock on Nasdaq on such business day is at least $15.00 per share and (ii) up to 15,000 shares of common stock, if the closing sale price of its common stock on Nasdaq on such business day is at least $25.00 per share. In no case, however, will Lincoln Park’s commitment with respect to any single Regular Purchase exceed $500,000; provided, that the parties may mutually agree at any time to increase the maximum number of shares of common stock the Company may direct Lincoln Park to purchase in any single Regular Purchase to up to 100,000 shares or any number of shares that shall not exceed 4.99% of the then outstanding shares of common stock. The foregoing share amounts and per share prices will be adjusted for any reorganization, recapitalization, non-cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split or other similar transaction occurring after the date of the Purchase Agreement with respect to our common stock. The purchase price per share for each such Regular Purchase will be based on prevailing market prices of the Company’s common stock immediately preceding the time of sale, as determined under the Purchase Agreement.

During the six months ended June 30, 2024,89,847 shares of the Company’s common stock were sold under the program at a weighted-average price of $1.113 per share with aggregate net proceeds of $96. No shares were sold under the program during the three months ended June 30, 2024.

Series A Preferred Stock

On February 20, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with certain investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to sell, issue and deliver to these investors, in a private placement offering (the “Offering”), a total of 172,239 shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock and warrants (the “Series A Warrants”) to purchase 258,374 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the Company (“Common Stock”) at an exercise price equal to $1.2705 per share for an aggregate offering price of $2,605,000.

Additionally, on February 20, 2024, the Investors agreed to a complete prepayment of the Company’s obligations under the Convertible Notes, including accrued interest, in exchange for 84,729 shares of Series A Preferred Stock and warrants to purchase 157,094 shares of our common stock at $1.2705 per share and the Convertible Notes were cancelled. The Series A Warrants are immediately exercisable and expire five years from the date of issuance.

The Series A Preferred Stock is convertible, at any time, at the option of the holder into shares of Common Stock. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock shall be convertible, at any time after the date of issuance, at the option of the holder thereof (or, upon a Required Conversion (as defined below), at the option of the Corporation), into that number of shares of Common Stock determined by dividing the Stated Value (as defined below) for such share of Series A Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price (as defined below). “Stated Value” means for any share of Series A Preferred Stock, an amount equal tothe product of (x) $15.125 multiplied by (y) the sum of 1 plus the product of (A) 0.06 multiplied by (B) a fraction equal to the number of days that such share of Series A Preferred Stock has been issued divided by 365. “Conversion Price” means (i) for the shares of Series A Preferred Stock issued on the Closing Date, $1.5125 and (ii) for each share of Series A Preferred Stock issued thereafter, an amount equal to the greater of (x) $1.5125 and the average of the VWAPs for the 10 Trading Days prior the issuance date of such share of Series A Preferred Stock, in each case subject to adjustment as set forth herein. On any date that ten out of the last 15 daily VWAPs of the Common Stock is 250% higher than the Conversion Price on such date, then the Company will have the right to require 50% of the Preferred Stock to be converted into shares of Common Stock. Additionally, on and after the time on which the Company has $2.25 million in revenues in any single financial quarter, the Company will have the right to require 50% of the Preferred Stock to be converted into shares of Common Stock (a “Required Conversion”). No dividends are payable on the Series A Preferred Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock will vote together with the Common Stock on all matters other than as required by law; provided however that any additional shares underlying the Series A Preferred Stock as a result of the anti-dilution provision described below shall not vote on an “as converted” basis and shall only vote when issued upon conversion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the vote of an individual holder of Series A Preferred Stock (and underlying Common Stock) shall be capped at 9.99% (or 4.99% if selected by the holder).

The Conversion Price is subject to anti-dilution adjustment as the result of any subdivision, combination of shares or recapitalization, stock dividends, stock splits and similar transactions affecting the Common Stock. In addition, the Series A Preferred Stock will have weighted average anti-dilution protection providing for adjustment of the Conversion Price in the event of issuance of, or commitments to issue, Common Stock for less than the Conversion Price then in effect immediately prior to such issue or sale (a “Dilutive Issuance”), subject to customary exceptions; provided however the anti-dilution for Dilutive Issuances shall not be operative until the stockholders of the Company have approved the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock. Upon any liquidation or winding up of the Company (a “Liquidation”), the holders of Series A Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive in preference to any other class or series of the Company’s equity securities the greater of (i) the Stated Value plus accrued and unpaid dividends and (ii) what would be paid if the Series A Preferred Stock plus accrued and unpaid dividends had been converted into Common Stock. A consolidation or merger of the Company or sale or transfer of all or substantially all of its assets, or any transaction which results in the stockholders of the Company owning less than 50% of the equity or voting power of the surviving entity (excluding the issuance of Common Stock in any financing transaction unless more than 50% of the Company’s shares are issued to one stockholder or a number of stockholders who act as a one group) shall be deemed a Liquidation (a “Deemed Liquidation”) with respect to the shares of Series A Preferred Stock of any holder who opts to have such occurrence treated as a Deemed Liquidation; provided that if the liquidation preference payable on a Deemed Liquidation is less than 110% of the stated value of the Series A Preferred Stock, the dividend rate on any accrued and unpaid dividends payable with respect to such Deemed Liquidation will increase to 10%. All liquidation preferences payable in respect of a Deemed Liquidation will be payable in shares of Common Stock based on the closing price of the Common Stock on the date of such Deemed Liquidation. Consent of the majority of the holders will be required to (i) amend the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company so as to adversely alter the rights, preferences, privileges of the Series A Preferred Stock, (ii) create any new class of shares pari passu or senior to the Series A Preferred Stock or increase or decrease the number of authorized shares of Common Stock or preferred stock, (iii) pay or declare any dividend on Common Stock or other junior securities, or incur indebtedness in any single transaction in excess of $1 million or (iv) redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire any share or shares of preferred stock or Common Stock (other than (a) the repurchase of shares of Common Stock pursuant to a written benefit plan or employment or consulting agreement, or (b) the repurchase of any equity securities in connection with the Company’s right of first offer with respect to those securities contained in any written agreement with the Company).

Voting rights

The holders of vested shares of common stock are entitled to vote on any matter submitted to a vote of the stockholders and each such holder is entitled to one vote per share of common stock held. The holders of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to vote together with the common stock as a single class on any matter submitted to a vote of the stockholders. Holders of Series A and Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to the number of votes equal to the number of common stock issuable upon conversion of their respective Series A and Series B Preferred Stock at the time such shares are voted. The holders of a majority of the preferred stock had additional voting rights as specified in the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended.

Equity awards

In 2012, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) approved the Tenon Medical, Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”). The 2012 Plan provides for the issuance of common stock options, appreciation rights, and other awards to employees, directors, and consultants. Options issued under the 2012 Plan generally vest over a period of two to four years and have a 10-year expiration date. In April 2021, the Board increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2012 Plan to 662,516. In July 2021, the Board increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2012 Plan to 737,516. In August 2021, the Board increased the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2012 Plan from 737,516 shares to 799,266 shares and approved the form of a 2022 Equity Incentive Plan.

On January 10, 2022 and February 2, 2022, the Board and stockholders, respectively, of the Company approved the Tenon Medical, Inc. 2022 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2022 Plan”), which was effective on April 25, 2022. The number of shares of common stock that may be subject to awards and sold under the 2022 Plan is equal to 1,600,000. Automatic annual increases in number of shares available for issuance under the 2022 Plan is equal to the least of (a)1,100,000 shares, (b)4% of the total number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (c) such number determined by the 2022 Plan administrator no later than the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year. Annual increases will continue until the tenth anniversary of the earlier of the Board or stockholder approval of the 2022 Plan, which is January 10, 2032. Upon the effective date of the 2022 Plan, the Board terminated the 2012 Plan such that no new equity awards will be issued by the 2012 Plan.

Option Exchange

On April 8, 2024, the Company issued an offer to holders of outstanding stock options to purchase an aggregate of 90,987 shares of the Company’s common stock to exchange their options for a lesser number of new restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to be granted under the 2022 Plan upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Offer to Exchange Certain Outstanding Stock Options for Restricted Stock Units (the “Offer to Exchange”). The Offer to Exchange expired on May 6, 2024. A total of 27 eligible participants participated in the exchange. The Company accepted for exchange options to purchase an aggregate of 83,391 shares of common stock of the Company. All surrendered options were cancelled effective as of the expiration of the Option Exchange, and immediately thereafter, in exchange therefor, the Company granted a total of 41,698 new RSUs under the 2022 Plan. The incremental fair value of the new RSUs that were vested at the issuance date was $32 and was immediately expensed.

A summary of the Company’s stock option and restricted stock unit activity under its plans is as follows:

The following table sets forth stock-based compensation expense recognized for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023:

At June 30, 2024, there were 54,173 shares available for issuance under the 2022 Plan.

Warrants

In April 2022, in association with the Company’s initial public offering, the Company granted to The Benchmark Company, LLC and Valuable Capital Limited warrants to purchase a total of 9,600 shares of the Company’s common stock. The warrants were immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $50.00 per share and expire on the fifth anniversary of the commencement of sales under the IPO. The fair value of the warrants on the grant date was $27.50 per warrant, which was calculated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model with an expected term of 5.00 years, expected volatility of 62.55%, dividend yield of 0%, and risk-free interest rate of 2.92%. The Company recorded the fair value of these warrants of $264 as an issuance cost to additional paid-in capital in 2022.

In June 2023, in connection with a registered offering of stock, the Company issued warrants to purchase a total of 2,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Offering Warrants”). The Offering Warrants were exercisable upon issuance and will expire five years from the date of issuance. Per the terms of the Offering Warrants, the exercise price of the Offering Warrants reset on July 16, 2023, to $3.146 per share. The fair value of the Offering Warrants on the grant date of $3,164, or $1.58 per warrant, was calculated using a Monte-Carlo simulation to estimate the final exercise price, which is considered a Level 3 fair value measurement, using as inputs; the starting value of $3.00 per share, the Company’s VWAP on June 16; an assumed daily distribution of returns; a mean daily return of 5.18%; a short-term annual volatility of 100% and a standard deviation of 6.3%. The model used Black-Scholes to then calculate the estimated fair value of the Offering Warrants, using an estimated time to maturity of 4.9 years, a risk-free interest rate of 3.99% and a long-term volatility of 60%.

In November 2023, in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company issued warrants to purchase a total of 45,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $1.94 per share. The warrants expire five years from the issuance date. The fair value of the warrants on the grant date was $1.29 per warrant, which was calculated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model with an expected term of 5.00 years, expected volatility of 68.89%, dividend yield of 0%, and risk-free interest rate of 4.41%. The Company recorded the fair value of these warrants of approximately $58 as an issuance cost to additional paid-in capital in 2023.

On February 20, 2024, in connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued the Series A Warrants to purchase a total of 415,468 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price equal to $1.2705 per share. The Series A Warrants are immediately exercisable and expire five years from the date of issuance. The fair value of the Series A Warrants on the grant date was $0.61 per warrant, which was calculated using a Black-Scholes option valuation model with an expected term of 5.00 years, expected volatility of 68.24%, dividend yield of 0%, and risk-free interest rate of 4.3%. The Company recorded the fair value of these warrants of $254 to additional paid-in capital in 2024.

8. Commitments and Contingencies

Sales Representative Agreement

In April 2020, the Company entered into an Exclusive Sales Representative Agreement, under which the counterparty to the agreement (the “Representative”) received exclusive rights to market, promote, and distribute The Catamaran System in the United States and Puerto Rico. The agreement is for an initial period offive years, and automatically renews for an additional five years unless written notice is given by either party prior to April 27, 2023. The agreement provides for a bonus to be paid to the Representative upon an acquisition or IPO. In May 2021, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Exclusive Sales Representative Agreement (the “Restated Sales Agreement”). In connection with the amended agreement, the Company paid $500 cash and issued 53,757 shares of common stock to the Representative, for which the Company recorded a combined total of $880 as sales and marketing expense. In addition, the Representative received anti-dilution protections to maintain ownership of 3.0% of the fully diluted equity of the Company through the date of an initial public offering. In October 2021, the Company issued 4,445 shares of common stock with a fair value of approximately $333 to the Representative in accordance with the anti-dilution provision. In April 2022, the Company issued 31,235 shares of common stock to the Representative in accordance with the anti-dilution provision, fully satisfying the Company’s obligations.

The Restated Sales Agreement restructured the calculation of the bonus paid to the Representative upon an acquisition, removed the bonus payable upon an IPO, and allows the Company to terminate the Restated Sales Agreement as long as the bonus paid to the Representative is at least $6,000.

On October 6, 2022, the Company entered into the Terminating Amended and Restated Exclusive Sales Representative Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”) with the Representative, which terminated the Restated Sales Agreement. In accordance with the Termination Agreement, (i) the Company paid the Representative $1,000 in cash; and (ii) the Company agreed to pay the Representative (a) $85 per month during the six months after the date of the Termination Agreement in return for efforts by the Representative to transition operations to the Company, (b)20% of net sales of the product sold in the United States and Puerto Rico until December 31, 2023 and (c) after December 31, 2023,10% of net sales until such time as the aggregate amount paid to the Representative under this clause (c) and clause (b) above equal $3,600. In the event of an acquisition of the Company, the Company will pay the Representative $3,600 less previous amounts paid pursuant to clause (b) and clause (c) above. The Company recorded a charge of $1,000 for the payment to the Representative in the fourth quarter of 2022 and expensed the $85 per month charges as incurred over the six-month period. For payments under clause (b) and clause (c) above, the Company estimated the fair value of the liability using level 3 hierarchy inputs based on a Monte Carlo simulation of future revenues with a 25% quarterly estimated standard deviation of growth rates and a 10% probability of dissolution, discounted at an estimated discount rate of 15.4%. Based on the Company’s fair value analysis, a total of $2,611 was charged to sales and marketing expense in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss and recorded as accrued commissions in the consolidated balance sheets. A reconciliation of the liability under clause (b) and clause (c) for the six months ended June 31, 2024 is as follows:

Per the terms of the Termination Agreement, the Company ultimately expects to expense $3,600 under clause (b) and clause (c).

Simultaneously with the execution of the Termination Agreement, the Company entered into a Consulting Agreement dated October 6, 2022, with the Representative (the “Consulting Agreement”). Under the terms and conditions of the Consulting Agreement, the Representative is tasked with organizing, recruiting, training, and coordinating the Company’s Clinical Specialist program, Physician Education program and Sales Education program as more specifically described in the Consulting Agreement.

The term of the Consulting Agreement was from October 6, 2022, until October 5, 2023, when it terminated in accordance with the terms of the Consulting Agreement. In consideration for the services to be provided, the Company paid the Representative a base consulting fee of $700 per year, payable in monthly instalments, along with additional compensation of $62.5 per quarter, if certain sales targets were met, for four quarters; along with any travel and related out-of-pocket expenses incurred by the Representative in connection with the performance of the services.

Litigation

In the normal course of business, the Company may possibly be named as a defendant in various lawsuits.

9. Concentrations of Risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable.

The Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions located in California. Accounts at the U.S. financial institutions are secured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. At times, balances may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to any significant credit risk with respect to its cash and cash equivalents.

The Company grants unsecured credit to its customers based on an evaluation of the customer’s financial condition and a cash deposit is generally not required. Management believes its credit policies do not result in significant adverse risk and historically has not experienced significant credit-related losses.