Jerash Holdings US Inc

JERASH HOLDINGS (US), INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Jerash Holdings (US), Inc. (“Jerash Holdings”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on January 20, 2016. Jerash Holdings is a holding company with no operations. Jerash Holdings and its subsidiaries are herein collectively referred to as the “Company.”

Jerash Garments and Fashions Manufacturing Company Limited (“Jerash Garments”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jerash Holdings and was established in Amman, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (“Jordan”), as a limited liability company on November 26, 2000 with a declared capital of 150,000 Jordanian Dinar (“JOD”) (approximately US$212,000).

Jerash for Industrial Embroidery Company (“Jerash Embroidery”) and Chinese Garments and Fashions Manufacturing Company Limited (“Chinese Garments”) were both established in Amman, Jordan, as limited liability companies on March 11, 2013 and June 13, 2013, respectively, each with a declared capital of JOD 50,000. Jerash Embroidery and Chinese Garments are wholly owned subsidiaries of Jerash Garments.

Al-Mutafaweq Co. for Garments Manufacturing Ltd. (“Paramount”) is a contract garment manufacturer that was established in Amman, Jordan, as a limited liability company on October 24, 2004 with a declared capital of JOD 100,000. On December 11, 2018, Jerash Garments and the sole shareholder of Paramount entered into an agreement pursuant to which Jerash Garments acquired all of the outstanding shares of stock of Paramount. Jerash Garments assumed ownership of all of the machinery and equipment owned by Paramount. Paramount had no other significant assets or liabilities and no operating activities or employees at the time of this acquisition, so this transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. As of June 18, 2019, Paramount became a subsidiary of Jerash Garments.

Jerash The First for Medical Supplies Manufacturing Company Limited (“Jerash The First”) was established in Amman, Jordan, as a limited liability company on July 6, 2020, with a registered capital of JOD 150,000. Jerash The First is engaged in the production of medical supplies in Jordan and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jerash Garments.

Mustafa and Kamal Ashraf Trading Company (Jordan) for the Manufacture of Ready-Make Clothes LLC (“MK Garments”) is a garment manufacturer that was established in Amman, Jordan, as a limited liability company on January 23, 2003 with a declared capital of JOD 100,000. On June 24, 2021, Jerash Garments and the sole shareholder of MK Garments entered into an agreement, pursuant to which Jerash Garments acquired all of the outstanding stock of MK Garments. As of October 7, 2021, MK Garments became a subsidiary of Jerash Garments.

Kawkab Venus Dowalyah Lisenaet Albesah (“Kawkab Venus”) was established in Amman, Jordan, as a limited liability company on January 15, 2015 with a declared capital of JOD 50,000. It holds land with factory premises, which are leased to MK Garments. On July 14, 2021, Jerash Garments and the sole shareholder of Kawkab Venus entered into an agreement, pursuant to which Jerash Garments acquired all of the outstanding stock of Kawkab Venus. Apart from the land and factory premises, Kawkab Venus had no other significant assets or liabilities and no operation activities or employees at the time of acquisition, so the acquisition was accounted for an asset acquisition. As of August 21, 2022, Kawkab Venus became a subsidiary of Jerash Garments.

Treasure Success International Limited (“Treasure Success”) was organized on July 5, 2016 in Hong Kong, the People’s Republic of China (“China”), as a limited liability company for the primary purpose of employing staff from China to support Jerash Garments’ operations and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jerash Holdings.

Ever Winland Limited (“Ever Winland”) was organized in Hong Kong, China, as a limited liability company. It holds office premises, which are leased to Treasure Success. On June 22, 2022, Treasure Success and the shareholders of Ever Winland entered into an agreement, pursuant to which Treasure Success acquired all of the outstanding stock of Ever Winland. Apart from the office premises used by Treasure Success, Ever Winland had no other significant assets or liabilities and no operating activities or employees at the time of this acquisition, so this transaction was accounted for as an asset acquisition. As of August 29, 2022, Ever Winland became a subsidiary of Treasure Success.

NOTE 1 – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS (CONTINUED)

J&B International Limited (“J&B”) is a joint venture company established in Hong Kong on January 10, 2023. On March 20, 2023, Treasure Success and P. T. Eratex (Hong Kong) Limited entered into a Joint Venture and Shareholders’ Agreement, pursuant to which Treasure Success acquired 51% of the equity interests in J&B on April 11, 2023. The declared capital is HK$500,000 (approximately $64,000). J&B engages in the garment trading and manufacturing business for orders from customers.

Jerash Newtech (Hong Kong) Holdings Limited (“Jerash Newtech”) is a joint venture company established in Hong Kong on November 3, 2023. On October 10, 2023, Treasure Success and Newtech Textile (HK) Limited entered into a Joint Venture and Shareholder’s Agreement to establish a new joint venture for the establishment of a fabric facility in Jordan. On November 3, 2023, Jerash Newtech was established according to the aforementioned Joint Venture and Shareholder’s Agreement. Treasure Success owns 51% of the equity interests in Jerash Newtech. The Company plans to invest approximately $29.9 million to establish the fabric facility in Jordan. Treasure Success and Newtech Textile (HK) Limited will contribute capital in two installments according to their respective shareholding proportions and conditions. The declared capital of Jerash Newtech is $100,000.

Jiangmen Treasure Success Business Consultancy Company Limited (“Jiangmen Treasure Success”) was organized on August 28, 2019 under the laws of China in Guangzhou City of Guangdong Province in China with a total registered capital of 15 million Hong Kong Dollars (“HKD”) (approximately $1.9 million) to provide support in sales and marketing, sample development, merchandising, procurement, and other areas. Treasure Success owns 100% of the equity interests in Jiangmen Treasure Success.

Jerash Supplies, LLC (“Jerash Supplies”) was formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on November 20, 2020. Jerash Supplies is engaged in the trading of personal protective equipment products and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Jerash Holdings.

The Company is engaged primarily in the manufacturing and exporting of customized, ready-made sportswear and outerwear and personal protective equipment (“PPE”) produced in its facilities in Jordan and sold in the United States, Jordan, and other countries.

NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Jerash Holdings, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and two non-wholly owned subsidiaries.

Non-wholly owned subsidiaries are entities that the reporting parent entity does not own equity interests in full. Noncontrolling interest is evaluated with a depiction of the portion of a non-wholly owned subsidiary’s net assets, net income, and net comprehensive income that is attributable to holders of equity classified ownership interests other than the reporting parent entity. As mentioned in Note 1, the Company holds 51% of equity interest in J&B and Jerash Newtech through its wholly owned subsidiary, Treasure Success. The Company consolidates J&B and Jerash Newtech and reports noncontrolling interest to reflect the portion of their equity that is not attributable to the Company as the controlling shareholder. As of March 31, 2024, noncontrolling interest was $44,341.

All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements, in conformity with U.S. GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Cash

The Company’s cash consists of cash on hand and cash deposited in financial institutions. The Company considers all highly liquid investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or less from the original date of purchase to be cash equivalents. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had no cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of cash used as security deposits to obtain credit facilities from a bank and to secure customs clearance, labor import requirements, and other requirements of local regulations. The Company is required to keep certain amounts on deposit that are subject to withdrawal restrictions. These security deposits at the bank are refundable only when the bank facilities are terminated. The restricted cash is classified as a current asset if the Company intends to terminate these bank facilities within one year, and as a non-current asset if otherwise.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at the original invoiced amount less an estimated allowance for credit loss. The Company usually grants extended payment terms to customers with good credit standing and determines the adequacy of credit losses based on the historical level of credit losses, current economic trends, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the future cash flows.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Inventories include the cost of raw materials, freight, direct labor and related production overhead. The cost of inventories is determined using the First-in, First-out method. The Company periodically reviews its inventories for excess or slow-moving items and makes provisions as necessary to properly reflect inventory value.

Advance to Suppliers, Net

Advance to suppliers consists of balances paid to suppliers for services or materials purchased that have not been provided or received. Advance to suppliers for services and materials is short-term in nature. Advance to suppliers is reviewed periodically to determine whether its carrying value has become impaired. The Company considers the assets to be impaired if the performance of the suppliers becomes doubtful. At each reporting date, the Company generally determines the adequacy of impairment by evaluating all available information, and then records specific allowances for those advances based on the specific facts and circumstances.

Credit Loss

On April 1, 2023, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-13 “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” by using a modified retrospective transition method, which replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the current expected credit loss methodology. The expected credit loss impairment model requires the entity to recognize its estimate of expected credit losses for affected financial assets using an allowance for credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

The Company’s accounts receivable and other receivables which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets line item in the consolidated balance sheet are within the scope of ASC Topic 326. The Company measures expected credit losses of account receivables and other receivables, on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The Company makes estimates of expected credit and collectability trends for the allowance for credit losses based upon assessment of various factors, including historical experience, the age of the receivables, creditworthiness of the customers and other debtors, current economic conditions, reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions, and other factors that may affect its ability to collect from the customers and other debtors. The Company also provides specific provisions for allowance when facts and circumstances indicate that the receivable is unlikely to be collected.

Expected credit losses are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of income operations and comprehensive income (loss). After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.

Property, Plant, and Equipment, net

Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost, reduced by accumulated depreciation. Depreciation and amortization expense related to property, plant, and equipment is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets, or in the case of leasehold improvements, the shorter of the initial lease term or the estimated useful life of the improvements. The useful life and depreciation method are reviewed periodically to ensure that the method and period of depreciation are consistent with the expected pattern of economic benefits from items of property, plant, and equipment. The estimated useful lives of depreciation and amortization of the principal classes of assets are as follows:

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs, which do not materially extend the useful lives of the assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures for major renewals and betterments that substantially extend the useful life of assets are capitalized. The cost and related accumulated depreciation or amortization of assets retired or sold are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Construction in Progress (“CIP”) is recorded at cost for property, plant, and equipment where the asset is in construction or development. CIP accumulates the cost of construction and transaction costs involved in the process of acquiring the materials for construction or development. The Company does not commence depreciating the asset in the CIP account because the asset has not yet been placed in service. Once an asset is placed in service, all costs associated with the asset that is recorded in the CIP account are transferred to property, plant, and equipment for the asset.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company assesses its long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Factors that may indicate potential impairment include a significant underperformance relative to the historical or projected future operating results or a significant negative industry or economic trend. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset. If impairment is indicated, a loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying value over the estimated fair value of the asset. The fair value is estimated based on the discounted future cash flows or comparable market values, if available. The Company did not record any impairment loss during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Asset Acquisition

An asset acquisition is an acquisition of an asset, or a group of assets, that does not meet the definition of a business, as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired are concentrated in a single or group of similar, identifiable assets. Asset acquisitions are accounted for by using the cost accumulation model, whereby the cost of the acquisition, including certain transaction costs, is allocated to the assets acquired on a relative fair value basis. Determining and valuing intangible assets requires judgment.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets of acquired companies. Goodwill is not amortized. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the carrying amount of goodwill was both $499,282. Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis, or in interim periods if indicators of potential impairment exist, based on the one reporting unit. The Company has the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is necessary to perform the quantitative goodwill impairment test. When performing the quantitative impairment test, the Company compares the fair value of its only reporting unit with the carrying amounts. The Company would recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The Company concluded that no impairment of its goodwill occurred for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Revenue Recognition

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from product sales, which consist of sales of the Company’s customized ready-made outerwear for large brand-name retailers and PPE. The Company considers purchase orders to be a contract with a customer. Contracts with customers are considered to be short-term when the time between order confirmation and satisfaction of the performance obligations is equal to or less than one year. Virtually all of the Company’s contracts are short-term. The Company has minimal incremental costs of obtaining a contract, which are expensed when incurred. The cost is normally immaterial. The Company recognizes revenue for the transfer of promised goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods. The Company typically satisfies its performance obligations in contracts with customers upon shipment of the goods. Generally, payment is due from customers within 14 to 150 days of the invoice date. The contracts do not have significant financing components. Shipping and handling costs associated with outbound freight from Jordan export dock are not an obligation of the Company. Returns and allowances are not a significant aspect of the revenue recognition process as historically they have been immaterial.

The Company also derives revenue from rendering cutting and making services to other apparel vendors who subcontract orders to the Company. Revenue is recognized when the service is rendered. All of the Company’s contracts have a single performance obligation satisfied at a point in time and the transaction price is stated in the contract, usually as a price per unit. All estimates are based on the Company’s historical experience, complete satisfaction of the performance obligation, and the Company’s best judgment at the time the estimate is made. Historically, sales returns have not significantly impacted the Company’s revenue.

The Company does not have any contract assets since the Company has an unconditional right to consideration when the Company has satisfied its performance obligation and payment to the accounts receivable from customers is not contingent on a future event. The Company had contract liabilities of $10,200 and $928,393 as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, there wasno revenue recognized from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods. As of March 31, 2024, $10,200 deferred revenue was expected to be recognized within fiscal 2025.

The Company has one revenue generating reportable geographic segment under ASC Topic 280 “Segment Reporting” and derives its sales primarily from its sales of customized ready-made outerwear. The Company believes disaggregation of revenue by geographic region best depicts the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows (see “Note 15—Segment Reporting”).

Shipping and Handling

Proceeds collected from customers for shipping and handling costs are included in revenue. Shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred and are included in operating expenses, as a part of selling, general, and administrative expenses. Total shipping and handling expenses were $1,748,317 and $1,856,218 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Income and Sales Taxes

The Company is subject to income taxes on an entity basis on income arising in or derived from the tax jurisdiction in which each entity is domiciled. Jerash Holdings and Jerash Supplies are incorporated/formed in the State of Delaware and are subject to federal income tax in the United States of America. Treasure Success, Ever Winland, J&B and Jerash Newtech are registered in Hong Kong and are subject to profit tax in Hong Kong. Jiangmen Treasure Success is incorporated in China and is subject to corporate income tax in China. Jerash Garments, Jerash Embroidery, Chinese Garments, Paramount, Jerash The First, MK Garments, and Kawkab Venus are subject to income tax in Jordan, unless an exemption is granted. In accordance with Development Zone law, Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries were subject to corporate income tax in Jordan at a rate of 18% plus a 1% social contribution starting from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. The income tax rate increased to 19% or 20% plus a 1% social contribution starting from January 1, 2023. Effective January 1, 2024, the income tax rate increased to 20%, plus a 1% social contribution.

Income and Sales Taxes (continued)

Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries are subject to a local sales tax of 16% on purchases. Jerash Garments was granted a sales tax exemption from the Jordanian Investment Commission for the period from June 1, 2015 to June 1, 2018, which allowed Jerash Garments to make purchases with no sales tax charge. The exemption has been extended to February 5, 2025.

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” which requires the Company to use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of existing assets and liabilities and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Under this accounting standard, the effect on deferred income taxes of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recognized if it is more likely than not that some portion, or all of, a deferred tax asset will not be realized.

ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation requires that an entity recognize in its financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount that is greater than 50% likely of being realized. Changes in recognition or measurement are reflected in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company has elected to classify interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if and when required, as part of income tax expense in the consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss). No significant uncertainty in tax positions relating to income taxes was incurred during the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Foreign Currency Translation

The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar (“US$” or “$”). The Company uses JOD in Jordan companies, HKD in Treasure Success, Ever Winland, J&B, and Jerash Newtech, and Chinese Yuan (“CNY”) in Jiangmen Treasure Success as functional currency of each above-mentioned entity. The assets and liabilities of the Company have been translated into US$ using the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, equity accounts have been translated at historical rates, and revenue and expenses have been translated into US$ using average exchange rates in effect during the reporting period. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the periods. Therefore, amounts related to assets and liabilities reported on the consolidated statements of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the consolidated balance sheets. Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) as incurred, and the total amount of transaction gains and losses were immaterial as of the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The value of JOD against US$ and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in Jordan’s political and economic conditions. Any significant revaluation of JOD, HKD, and CNY may materially affect the Company’s financial condition in terms of US$ reporting. The following table outlines the currency exchange rates that were used in creating the consolidated financial statements in this report:

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures compensation expense for stock-based awards based upon the awards’ initial grant-date fair value. The estimated grant-date fair value of the award is recognized as expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line method.

The Company estimates the fair value of stock options using a Black-Scholes model. This model is affected by the Company’s stock price on the date of the grant as well as assumptions regarding a number of variables. These variables include the expected term of the option, expected risk-free rates of return, the expected volatility of the Company’s common stock, and expected dividend yield, each of which is more fully described below. The assumptions for expected term and expected volatility are the two assumptions that significantly affect the grant date fair value.

Earnings or Loss per Share

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share” (“ASC 260”). ASC 260 requires companies with complex capital structures to present basic and diluted EPS. Basic EPS is measured as net income divided by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is similar to basic EPS but presents the dilutive effect on a per-share basis of potential common shares (e.g., convertible securities, options and warrants) as if they had been converted at the beginning of the periods presented, or issuance date, if later. Potential common shares that have an anti-dilutive effect (i.e., those that increase income per share or decrease loss per share) are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS (See “Note 14**–(Loss)**Earnings per Share”).

Comprehensive Income or Loss

Comprehensive income or loss consists of two components, net income or loss and other comprehensive income or loss. The foreign currency translation gain or loss resulting from translations of the financial statements expressed in JOD or HKD or CNY to US$ is reported in other comprehensive income or loss in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss).

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 825-10 requires certain disclosures regarding the fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-level fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy requires entities to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

The Company considers the recorded value of its financial assets and liabilities, which consist primarily of cash, accounts receivable, bills receivables, other current assets, credit facilities, accounts payable, accrued expenses, income tax payables, other payables and operating lease liabilities to approximate the fair value of the respective assets and liabilities at March 31, 2024 and 2023 based upon the short-term nature of these assets and liabilities.

Concentrations and Credit Risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, $6,547,090 and $7,264,247 of the Company’s cash were on deposit at financial institutions in Jordan, where there currently is no rule or regulation requiring such financial institutions to maintain insurance to cover bank deposits in the event of bank failure. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, $518,485 and $172,939 of the Company’s cash was on deposit at financial institutions in China. Cash maintained in banks within China of less than CNY 0.5 million (equivalent to $69,262) per bank is covered by “deposit insurance regulation” promulgated by the State Council of the People’s Republic of China. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, $6,682,404 and $11,700,512 of the Company’s cash were on deposit at financial institutions in Hong Kong, which are insured by the Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board subject to certain limitations. While management believes that these financial institutions are of high credit quality, it also continually monitors their creditworthiness. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, $267,954 and $171,496 of the Company’s cash were on deposit in the United States and are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000.

Accounts receivable are typically unsecured and derived from revenue earned from customers, and therefore are exposed to credit risk. The risk is mitigated by the Company’s assessment of its customers’ creditworthiness and its ongoing monitoring of outstanding balances.

Customer and vendor concentration risk

The Company’s sales are made primarily in the United States. Its operating results could be adversely affected by U.S. government policies on importing business, foreign exchange rate fluctuations, and changes in local market conditions. The Company has a concentration of its revenue and purchases with specific customers and suppliers. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, two customers accounted for 67% and 12%, and 60% and 17% of the Company’s total revenue, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, four end-customers accounted for 23%,23%,10%, and 10%, respectively, of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance. As of March 31, 2023, four end-customers accounted for 50%,13%,10%, and 10%, respectively, of the Company’s total accounts receivable balance.

For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company purchased approximately 10% and 11%, respectively, of its total purchase from one major garment supplier. As of March 31, 2024, accounts payable to the Company’s two major suppliers accounted for 22% and 13% of the total accounts payable balance, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, accounts payable to the Company’s one major supplier accounted for 36% of the total accounts payable balance, respectively.

Risks and Uncertainties

The principal operations of the Company are located in Jordan. Accordingly, the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations may be influenced by political, economic, and legal environments in Jordan, as well as by the general state of the Jordanian economy. The Company’s operations in Jordan are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic, and legal environment, foreign currency exchange, and the recent conflict between Israel and Hamas. The Company’s results may be adversely affected by changes in the political, regulatory, and social conditions in Jordan. Although the Company has not experienced losses from these situations and believes that it is in compliance with existing laws and regulations including its organization and structure disclosed in Note 1, this may not be indicative of future results.

Since the inception of the turmoil in the Middle East, the Company has been closely monitoring the situation and keeping its customers informed. Currently, production is ongoing as usual, with no changes to customer orders or commitments, and both ports that the Company uses for import and export, in Aqaba and Haifa, are operating normally. In order to provide flexibility, the Company has also begun using the Port of Jebel Ali in the United Arab Emirates as an alternative route for raw material import since December 2023. However, in the event of any potential impact on the ports, the Company has prepared a contingency plan, approved by its major customers, to temporarily relocate production to alternate regions.

Reclassification

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on net income or cash flow as previously reported.

NOTE 3 – RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments—Credit Losses,” which will require the measurement of all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. Further, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-10, ASU 2019-11, and ASU 2020-02 to provide additional guidance on the credit losses standard. For the Company as an emerging growth company, the amendments for ASU 2016-13 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of the ASUs is on a modified retrospective basis. The Company has adopted this ASU since April 1, 2023. The Company considers the impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures to be immaterial.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which modifies the rules on income tax disclosures to require disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The standard is intended to benefit investors by providing more detailed income tax disclosures that would be useful in making capital allocation decisions. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2023-09 should be applied on a prospective basis, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting this new guidance on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The purpose of the amendment is to enable investors to better understand an entity’s overall performance and assess potential future cash flows. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The guidance is to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Based on management’s assessment, the Company has determined that it has onlyone operating segment as defined by ASC 280.

Except for the above-mentioned pronouncements, there are no new recently issued accounting standards that will have a material impact on the consolidated financial position, statements of operations, and cash flows.

NOTE 4 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:

NOTE 5 – INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:

As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $nil inventory valuation reserve as the Company arranged its inventory based on 99.9% and 93.4% with actual orders received, respectively.0.1% and 6.6% of inventories held on hand were associated with unfulfilled sales orders, respectively.

NOTE 6 – ADVANCE TO SUPPLIERS, NET

Advance to suppliers consisted of the following:

NOTE 7 – LEASES

The Company has 45 operating leases for manufacturing facilities and offices. Some leases include one or more options to renew, which is typically at the Company’s sole discretion. The Company regularly evaluates the renewal options, and, when it is reasonably certain of exercise, it will include the renewal period in its lease term. New lease modifications result in measurement of the right of use (“ROU”) assets and lease liability. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. ROU assets and related lease obligations are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term.

All of the Company’s leases are classified as operating leases and primarily include office space and manufacturing facilities.

NOTE 7 – LEASES (CONTINUED)

Supplemental balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:

The weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for all of operating leases were as follows as of March 31, 2024:

During the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred total operating lease expenses of $2,561,861 and $2,696,593, respectively.

The following is a schedule, by fiscal years, of maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024:

NOTE 8 – PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant, and equipment, net consisted of the following:

NOTE 8 – PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, NET (CONTINUED)

For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, depreciation expenses were $2,539,736 and $2,430,692, respectively.

NOTE 9 – EQUITY

Preferred Stock

The Company has 500,000 shares of preferred stock, par value of $0.001 per share, authorized; none were issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023. The preferred stock can be issued by the Board of Directors of Jerash Holdings (the “Board of Directors”) in one or more classes or one or more series within any class, and such classes or series shall have such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designations, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of such rights as the Board of Directors may determine from time to time.

Common Stock

The Company had 12,294,840 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and 2023.

On June 24, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 200,000 Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) under the Plan to 32 executive officers and employees of the Company, with a one-year vesting period. All RSUs were vested and 200,000 additional shares were issued on June 30, 2022.

On June 13, 2022, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program, under which the Company may repurchase up to $3.0 million of its outstanding shares of common stock. The share repurchase program was effective through March 31, 2023. As of March 31, 2024,239,478 shares had been repurchased at market rate with a total consideration of $1,169,046.

Statutory Reserve

In accordance with the Corporate Law in Jordan, Jerash Garments, Jerash Embroidery, Chinese Garments, Paramount, Jerash The First, and MK Garments and Kawkab Venus are required to make appropriations to certain reserve funds, based on net income determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles of Jordan. Appropriations to the statutory reserve are required to be 10% of net income until the reserve is equal to 100% of the entity’s share capital. This reserve is not available for dividend distribution. In addition, PRC companies are required to set aside at least 10% of their after-tax net profits each year, if any, to fund the statutory reserves until the balance of the reserves reaches 50% of their registered capital. The statutory reserves are not distributable in the form of cash dividends to the Company and can be used to make up cumulative prior-year losses.

Dividends

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share of common stock on February 5, 2024, November 3, 2023, August 4, 2023, and May 23, 2023, respectively. Four cash dividends of $614,742 each were paid in full on February 16, 2024, November 28, 2023, August 23, 2023, and June 9, 2023, respectively.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, the Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share of common stock on February 3, 2023, November 4, 2022, August 5, 2022, and May 16, 2022, respectively. The cash dividends of $618,886, $621,809, $626,716, and $616,716 were paid in full on February 21, 2023, November 28, 2022, August 24, 2022, and June 3, 2022, respectively.

NOTE 10 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Warrants issued for services

From time to time, the Company issues warrants to purchase its common stock. These warrants are valued using the Black-Scholes model and using the volatility, market price, exercise price, risk-free interest rate, and dividend yield appropriate at the date the warrants were issued. The major assumptions used in the Black Scholes model include: (i) an expected term offive years; (ii) a risk-free interest rate of 1.8% to 2.8%; and (iii) an expected volatility of 50.3% to 52.2%. All of the outstanding warrants were fully vested.137,210 and 57,200 warrants expired in fiscal 2023 and 2024, respectively.

All stock warrants activities are summarized as follows:

Stock Options

On March 21, 2018, the Board of Directors adopted the Jerash Holdings (US), Inc. 2018 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”), pursuant to which the Company may grant various types of equity awards.1,484,250 shares of common stock of the Company were reserved for issuance under the Plan. In addition, on July 19, 2019, the Board of Directors approved an amendment and restatement of the Plan, which was approved by the Company’s stockholders at its annual meeting of stockholders on September 16, 2019. The amended and restated Plan increased the number of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan by 300,000, to 1,784,250, among other changes. On March 31, 2024, the Company had 114,110 of shares remaining available for future issuance under the Plan.

All stock option activities are summarized as follows:

All these outstanding options were fully vested in three equal six-month installments and exercisable. As of March 31, 2024, there were 986,500 stock options expired and 150,000 stock options outstanding. The remaining stock options have 10-year term and the weighted average remaining life of the options is 4.8 years.

NOTE 10 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (CONTINUED)

Restricted Stock Units

On June 24, 2021, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 200,000 RSUs under the Plan to 32 executive officers and employees of the Company, with aone-year vesting period. The fair value of these RSUs on June 24, 2021 was $1,266,000, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock as of the date of the grant. On June 30, 2022, all 200,000 RSUs were vested.

On February 9, 2023, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 405,800 RSUs under the Plan to 37 executive officers and employees of the Company, with atwo-year vesting period. The fair value of these RSUs on February 15, 2023 was $1,937,695, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock as of the date of the grant. As of March 31, 2024, there were $846,775 unrecognized stock-based compensation expenses to be recognized to February 2025 and 405,100 RSUs remained.

On March 25, 2024, the Board of Directors approved the grant of 915,040 RSUs under the Plan to 35 executive officers and employees of the Company, with a three-year vesting period. The fair value of these RSUs on March 25, 2024 was $2,745,120, based on the market price of the Company’s common stock as of the date of the grant. As of March 31, 2024, there were $2,727,571 unrecognized stock-based compensation expenses to be recognized to March 2027 and 915,040 RSUs remained.

RSU activities are summarized as follows:

Total expenses related to the RSU issued were $986,048 and $413,900 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

NOTE 11 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The relationship and the nature of related party transactions are summarized as follow:

Consulting agreements

On January 12, 2018, Treasure Success and Yukwise entered into a consulting agreement, pursuant to which Mr. Choi will serve as Chief Executive Officer and provide high-level advisory and general management services for $300,000 per annum. The agreement renews automatically for one-month terms. This agreement became effective as of January 1, 2018. Total consulting fees under this agreement were $300,000 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

On January 16, 2018, Treasure Success and Multi-Glory entered into a consulting agreement, pursuant to which Multi-Glory will provide high-level advisory, marketing, and sales services to the Company for $300,000 per annum. The agreement renews automatically for one-month terms. The agreement became effective as of January 1, 2018. Total consulting fees under this agreement were $300,000 for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

NOTE 12 – CREDIT FACILITIES

On January 31, 2019, Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Limited (“SCBHK”) offered to provide an import facility of up to $3.0 million to Treasure Success pursuant to a facility letter dated June 15, 2018. Pursuant to the agreement, SCBHK agreed to finance import invoice financing and pre-shipment financing of export orders up to an aggregate of $3.0 million. The SCBHK facility bears interest at 1.3% per annum over SCBHK’s cost of funds. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $nil outstanding amount in import invoice financing under the SCBHK facility. In June 2022, the Company was informed by SCBHK that the facility was cancelled due to persistently low usage andzero loan outstanding.

Starting from May and October 2021, the Company has participated in a financing program with two customers, in which the Company may receive early payments for approved sales invoices submitted by the Company through the bank the customer cooperates with. For any early payments received, the Company is subject to an early payment charge imposed by the customer’s bank, for which the rate is revised based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”)”) plus a spread. In certain scenarios, the Company submits the sales invoice and receives payments prior to the shipment of the relative products. In that case, instead of recording the cash receipts as a reduction to accounts receivables, the Company records the cash receipts as receipts in advance from a customer until products are entitled to transfer. The Company records the early payment charge in interest expenses on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the early payment charge was $1,122,019 and $647,906, respectively.

On January 12, 2022, DBS Bank (Hong Kong) Limited (“DBSHK”) offered to provide a banking facility of up to $5.0 million to Treasure Success pursuant to a facility letter dated January 12, 2022, which was amended pursuant to a facility letter dated January 4, 2024. Pursuant to the amended facility, DBSHK agreed to finance cargo receipt, trust receipt, account payable financing, and certain types of import and export invoice financing up to an aggregate of $5.0 million, with certain financial covenants. The DBSHK facility bears interest at 1.5% per annum over Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate for HKD bills and 1.1% to 1.3% per annum over DBSHK’s cost of funds for foreign currency bills. The facility is guaranteed by Jerash Holdings and became available to the Company on June 17, 2022.

As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $nil outstanding amount under the DBSHK facility. The DBSHK facility is reviewed annually.

On June 1, 2023, the Company received documents from Capital Bank of Jordan for a credit facility of $10 million, and entered into the credit facility after reviewing the documents. Execution is still in process and the credit facility is not effective as of the date of this Annual report.

NOTE 13 – NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

On March 20, 2023, Treasure Success and P.T. Eratex (Hong Kong) Limited entered into a Joint Venture and Shareholders’ Agreement, pursuant to which Treasure Success and P.T Eratex (Hong Kong) Limited acquired 51% and 49% of the equity interest in J&B, respectively, on April 11, 2023.

On October 10, 2023, Treasure Success and Newtech Textile (HK) Limited entered into a Joint Venture and Shareholders’ Agreement, pursuant to which Treasure Success and Newtech Textile (HK) Limited acquired 51% and 49% of the equity interest in Jerash Newtech, respectively, on November 3, 2023.

The net loss generated by J&B and Jerash Newtech was $66,836 and $6,682 for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, respectively. Noncontrolling interest as of March 31, 2024 in J&B and Jerash Newtech was -$1,385 and $45,726, respectively.

NOTE 14 – (LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. As of March 31, 2024,1,470,140 RSUs and stock options were outstanding. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024, all RSUs and stock options were excluded from the EPS calculation as the result would be anti-dilutive. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023,1,193,700 warrants and stock options were excluded from the EPS calculation, respectively, as they were anti-dilutive.

NOTE 15 – SEGMENT REPORTING

ASC 280, “Segment Reporting,” establishes standards for reporting information about operating segments on a basis consistent with the Company’s internal organizational structure as well as information about geographical areas, business segments and major customers in financial statements for details on the Company’s business segments. The Company uses the “management approach” in determining reportable operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Company’s chief operating decision-maker for making operating decisions and assessing performance as the source for determining the Company’s reportable segments. Management, including the chief operating decision maker, reviews operation results by the revenue of the Company’s products. The Company’s major product is outerwear. For the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, outerwear accounted for approximately 90.1% and 94.1% of total revenue, respectively. Based on management’s assessment, the Company has determined that it has onlyone operating segment as defined by ASC 280.

The following table summarizes sales by geographic areas for the fiscal years ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

74.4% and 24.9% of long-lived assets were located in Jordan and Hong Kong, respectively, as of March 31, 2024.

NOTE 16 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Commitments

On August 28, 2019, Jiangmen Treasure Success was incorporated under the laws of the People’s Republic of China in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province, China, with a total registered capital of HKD 3 million (approximately $385,000). On December 9, 2020, shareholders of Jiangmen Treasure Success approved to increase its registered capital to HKD 15 million (approximately $1.9 million). The Company’s subsidiary, Treasure Success, as a shareholder of Jiangmen Treasure Success, is required to contribute HKD 15 million (approximately $1.9 million) as paid-in capital in exchange for 100% ownership interest in Jiangmen Treasure Success. As of March 31, 2024, Treasure Success had made a capital contribution of HKD 10 million (approximately $1.3 million). Pursuant to the articles of incorporation of Jiangmen Treasure Success, Treasure Success is required to complete the remaining capital contribution before December 31, 2029 as Treasure Success’ available funds permit.

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is a party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues costs associated with these matters when they become probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. The Company’s management does not expect any liability from the disposition of such claims and litigation individually or in the aggregate would not have a material adverse impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.

NOTE 17 – INCOME TAX

Jerash Garments, Jerash Embroidery, Chinese Garments, Paramount, Jerash the First, MK Garments, and Kawkab Venus are subject to the regulations of the Income Tax Department in Jordan. Effective January 1, 2019, the Jordanian government reclassified the area where Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries are to a Development Zone. In accordance with the Development Zone law, Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries were subject to income tax at an income tax rate of 18% or 20% plus a 1% social contribution between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022. The income tax rate increased to 19% or 20% plus a 1% social contribution starting from January 1, 2023. Effective January 1, 2024, the income tax rate increased to 20%, plus a 1% social contribution.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was enacted. The Tax Act imposed a tax on previously untaxed accumulated earnings and profits (“E&P”) of foreign subsidiaries (the “Toll Charge”). The Toll Charge is based in part on the amount of E&P held in cash and other specific assets as of December 31, 2017. The Toll Charge can be paid over an eight-year period, starting in 2018, and will not accrue interest. As of March 31, 2024, the Company hastwo years of installments remaining with total amounting to $751,410. Additionally, under the provisions of the Tax Act, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, the foreign earnings of Jerash Garments and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. taxation at the Jerash Holdings level under the new Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) regime.

NOTE 17 – INCOME TAX (CONTINUED)

The provision for income taxes consisted of the following:

NOTE 17 – INCOME TAX (CONTINUED)

A reconciliation of the effective tax rate was as follows:

The Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities as of March 31, 2024 and 2023 consisted of the following:

Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is considered more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for deferred tax assets was $2,166,032 and $1,372,649 respectively. The allowance is provided for net operating loss of foreign subsidiaries. For comparison purposes, the Company retrospectively revised the presentation of net operating loss as of March 31, 2023, which had been fully reserved and thus has no impact on the financial statements as a whole.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had cumulative book-tax basis differences in its foreign subsidiaries of approximately $15.0 million. The Company has not recorded a U.S. deferred tax liability for the book-tax basis in its foreign subsidiaries as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations. The reversal of this temporary difference would occur upon the sale or liquidation of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries, and the estimated impact of the reversal of this temporary difference is approximately$3.2 million. As of March 31, 2024 and 2023, there were no uncertain tax positions.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal, state and foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to April 1, 2017.

NOTE 18 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On May 21, 2024, the Board of Directors approved the payment of a dividend of $0.05 per share, payable on June 7, 2024, to stockholders of record as of the close of business as of May 31, 2024.