GCT Semiconductor Holding, Inc.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q (“Quarterly Report”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements about our financial condition, results of operations, earnings outlook and our prospects. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “plan,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “outlook,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “project,” “continue,” “could,” “may,” “might,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “should,” “would” and other similar words and expressions, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking.

The forward-looking statements are based on the current expectations of our management and are inherently subject to uncertainties and changes in circumstances and their potential effects and speak only as of the date of such statement. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:

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our ability to successfully commercialize, scale, and achieve market adoption of our 5th generation (“5G”) products, including through collaboration agreements with our major partners;

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our financial and business performance, including our financial projections and business metrics;

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macroeconomic conditions, including labor disputes, fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar, capital markets volatility, inflationary pressures, and disruptions to global supply chains;

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the imposition of duties, tariffs, and other trade barriers and retaliatory countermeasures implemented by the U.S. and other governments, which have been and may continue to be subject to legal challenge, invalidation, and reimposition in modified form;

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changes in our strategy, future operations, financial position, estimated revenues and losses, forecasts, projected costs, prospects and plans;

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increase in supply chain costs, including raw materials, sourcing, transportation and energy;

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our inability to anticipate the future market demands and future needs of our customers;

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the impact of component shortages, suppliers’ lack of production capacity, natural disasters or pandemics on our sourcing operations and supply chain;

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our ability to meet the prospective delivery time for our products and fulfill customer orders;

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our ability to fund future capital expenditures and to meet our debt service and repayment obligations, including those related to our near-term indebtedness;

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our ability to obtain funding and raise capital for our operations;

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our ability to access the capital markets and credit markets;

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our anticipated financial performance, including gross margin, and the expectation that our future results of operations will fluctuate on a quarterly basis for the foreseeable future;

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our expected capital expenditures, cost of revenue and other future expenses, and the sources of funds to satisfy the liquidity needs of the Company;

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our ability to maintain the listing of shares of our common stock, $0.0001 par value per share on the New York Stock Exchange;

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technology, cybersecurity, and data privacy risks;

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intense market competition;

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geopolitical conditions, including political instability, civil unrest, sanctions, numerous ongoing wars and armed conflicts, and broader regional or global tensions that may impact economic and market conditions;

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legislative and regulatory risks, including those relating to changes in laws and regulations and the impact of U.S. government shutdowns or other governmental disruptions;

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uncertainties and risks relating to new trade regulations, including tariffs and export control regulations;

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reputational risks; and

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other risks and uncertainties indicated or referenced in this Quarterly Report, including those set forth under the section entitled “Risk Factors.”

A detailed discussion of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements is included in the section entitled “Risk Factors” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 25, 2026. These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this Quarterly Report, and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. New risk factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all such risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor or combination of factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. We undertake no obligations to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

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