SPRUCE BIOSCIENCES, INC.

We face risks and uncertainties associated with our business, many of which are beyond our control. Some of the material risks associated with our business include the following:

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We will need substantial additional financing to develop our product candidates and implement our operating plan. If we fail to obtain additional financing, including as a result of geopolitical uncertainty and macroeconomic events, we may be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate our product development programs or commercialization efforts, which could significantly harm our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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We have a limited operating history, have incurred significant net losses since our inception, and anticipate that we will continue to incur significant net losses for the foreseeable future, and such net losses are expected to increase as we continue our clinical development of, and seek regulatory approvals for, our product candidate, tralesinidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy (“TA-ERT”), and our other current and future product candidates.

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If we are unable to advance our product candidates in clinical development, obtain regulatory approval, and ultimately commercialize our product candidates, or experience significant delays in doing so, our business will be materially harmed.

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Our clinical trials may fail to adequately demonstrate that our product candidates are well tolerated and provide sufficient clinical benefits for patients, which could prevent or delay regulatory approval and commercialization.

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We face significant competition from other biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies, and our operating results will suffer if we fail to compete effectively.

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Preclinical and clinical drug development involves a lengthy and expensive process with uncertain outcomes, and results of earlier studies and trials may not be predictive of future trial results. We may incur additional costs or experience delays in completing, or ultimately be unable to complete, the development and commercialization of TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates.

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If we encounter difficulties enrolling patients in our clinical trials, our clinical development activities could be delayed or otherwise adversely affected.

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Any delays in the commencement or completion, or termination or suspension, of our clinical trials could result in increased costs to us, delay or limit our ability to generate revenue, and adversely affect our commercial prospects.

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TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates will be subject to extensive regulation and compliance obligations, which are costly and time-consuming, and such regulation may cause unanticipated delays or prevent the receipt of the required approvals to commercialize TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates.

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Interim, topline, and preliminary data from our clinical trials that we announce or publish from time to time may change as more patient data become available and are subject to audit and verification procedures that could result in material changes in the final data.

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If the market opportunities for TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates are smaller than we believe they are, our future revenue, if any, may be adversely affected and our business may suffer.

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We currently have no marketing and sales organization and have yet to commercialize a product. If we are unable to establish marketing and sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates, we may not be able to generate any product revenues.

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Unfavorable U.S. and global economic and geopolitical conditions could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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International trade policies, including tariffs, sanctions and trade barriers may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

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We are highly dependent on our key personnel, and if we are not successful in attracting and retaining highly qualified personnel, we may not be able to successfully implement our business strategy.

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Coverage and reimbursement may be limited or unavailable in certain market segments for TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates, which could make it difficult for us to sell TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates profitably.

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If we fail to develop and commercialize additional product candidates, we may be unable to grow our business.

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We depend on intellectual property licensed from others, the termination of which could result in the loss of significant rights, which would harm our business.

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We rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials. If these third parties do not successfully carry out their contractual duties or meet expected deadlines, we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval for or commercialize TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates.

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We rely completely on third parties to manufacture our preclinical and clinical drug supplies and we intend to rely on third parties to produce commercial supplies of TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates, if approved, and these third parties may fail to obtain and maintain regulatory approval for their facilities, fail to provide us with sufficient quantities of drug product or fail to do so at acceptable quality levels or prices.

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If we are unable to obtain and maintain sufficient intellectual property protection for TA-ERT and our other current and future product candidates, and other proprietary technologies we develop, or if the scope of the intellectual property protection obtained is not sufficiently broad, our competitors could develop and commercialize products similar or identical to ours, and our ability to successfully commercialize TA-ERT, our other current and future product candidates or other proprietary technologies, if approved, may be adversely affected.