TechTarget, Inc.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Annual Report”) contains “forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than historical facts, are forward-looking statements, including: statements regarding the expected benefits of the Transactions (as defined in Note 1. Business overview and basis of presentationto the consolidated financial statements included under Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K) such as improved operations, enhanced revenues and cash flow, synergies, growth potential, market profile, business plans, expanded portfolio and financial strength; our expectations surrounding the Transactions and our ability to grow our business and bolster our financial position; our expected contractual obligations and capital expenditures; our future results of operations and financial position; industry and business trends; the impact of market conditions and other macroeconomic factors on our business, financial condition and results of operations; our future business strategy, plans, market growth and our objectives for future operations; the effectiveness of our Restructuring Plan (as defined in Item 1. Business) ; the continued remediation of material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting; and our competitive market position within our industry. Forward-looking statements concern future circumstances and results and other statements that are not historical facts and are sometimes identified by the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,” “endeavor,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “overestimate,” “underestimate,” “believe,” “plan,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “predict,” “continue,” “target,” or the negatives of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, priorities, plans, or intentions. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans, estimates, and expectations that are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by such forward-looking statements.

We can give no assurance that such plans, estimates, or expectations will be achieved, and therefore, actual results may differ materially from any plans, estimates, or expectations in such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such plans, estimates, or expectations include, among others: unexpected costs, charges, or expenses resulting from the Transactions or the Restructuring Plan; uncertainty regarding our expected financial performance; failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the Transactions, including as a result of integrating the legacy Informa Tech Digital Businesses with our legacy TechTarget business, or the Restructuring Plan; our ability to implement our business strategy; difficulties and delays in achieving revenue and cost synergies; evolving legal, regulatory, and tax regimes; changes in economic, financial, political, and regulatory conditions in the United States and elsewhere, and other factors that contribute to uncertainty and volatility; natural and man-made disasters, civil unrest, pandemics, geopolitical uncertainty and conflicts, and conditions that may result from legislative, regulatory, trade, and policy changes associated with the current or subsequent U.S. administrations; our ability to meet expectations regarding the accounting and tax treatments of the Transactions; market acceptance of our products and services; the impact of pandemics and future health epidemics and any related economic downturns on us and the markets in which we and our customers operate; changes in economic or regulatory conditions or other trends affecting the internet, internet advertising and information technology (“IT”) industries; data privacy and artificial intelligence (“AI”) laws, rules, and regulations; the impact of foreign currency exchange rates; certain macroeconomic factors facing the global economy, including instability in the regional banking sector, disruptions in the capital markets, economic sanctions and economic slowdowns or recessions, tariffs and trade disputes, rising inflation and interest rate fluctuations on our operating results; and other matters included in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and those detailed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” of this Annual Report.

The summary of risks and uncertainties, as well as the other risks described elsewhere in this Annual Report, should not be considered to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. Other factors may affect the accuracy and reliability of forward-looking statements. We caution you not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements as they are not guarantees of future performance or outcomes. Actual performance and outcomes, including, without limitation, our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, may differ materially from those made in or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report.

Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. Neither we, nor our affiliates, advisors or representatives, undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or developments, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

The following is a summary of the risks and uncertainties that could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows. You should read this summary in conjunction with the more complete discussion of the risk factors we face, which are set forth in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

Risks related to the Transaction

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The integration of our legacy TechTarget business and the Informa Tech Digital Businesses presents challenges that may prevent us from realizing all the anticipated benefits of the Transactions.

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Informa could engage in business and other activities that compete with us.

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Failure to successfully implement and operate under the Data Sharing Agreement between us and Informa could impact the potential benefits of the Transactions.

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The corporate opportunity provisions in our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and the Stockholders Agreement may enable Informa to benefit from corporate opportunities that might otherwise be available to us.

Risks related to our Business

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Because we will depend on our ability to generate revenues from the sale and support of purchase intent driven advertising campaigns, material reductions in marketing and advertising spending will likely have an adverse effect on our revenues and operating results.

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We generate revenue from sales of subscriptions to our platforms and data and research reports, and any decline in demand or changes in preference trends for the types of products and services that we offer would negatively impact our business.

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General domestic and global economic, business or industry conditions, financial market instability, and geopolitical changes have in the past and are expected to continue to adversely affect our business.

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The areas in which we compete are rapidly evolving, which makes it difficult to forecast demand for our products and services.

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Because most of our customers are in the enterprise technology industry, our revenues are subject to characteristics of the enterprise technology industry that can affect advertising spending by B2B technology companies.

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Our future growth depends in large part on continued increases in sales of data-driven products and services.

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The majority of our revenues are primarily derived from short-term contracts that may not be renewed.

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Because we recognize subscription revenue over the subscription term, downturns or upturns in new sales, renewals and upgrades will not be immediately reflected within our results of operations.

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If we are unable to deliver content and services that attract and retain a critical mass of members and users, our ability to attract customers may be affected, which could in turn have an adverse effect on our revenues.

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We depend on internet search engines to attract a significant portion of visitors to our websites. If our websites were to become listed less prominently in search results due to changes in the search engines’ algorithms or otherwise, our business and operating results could be materially harmed.

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There are a number of risks associated with our international operations.

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Competition for customers’ marketing and advertising spending is intense, and we may not compete successfully, which could result in a material reduction in our market share, the number of our customers and our revenues.

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We rely on key counterparties to support our business and help deliver certain of our products.

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We may not innovate at a successful pace, which could harm our operating results.

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We may be unable to continue to build awareness of our brands, which could negatively impact our business.

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If we do not retain our key personnel, our ability to execute our business strategy will be adversely affected.

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We may not be able to attract, hire and retain qualified personnel cost-effectively, which could impact the quality of our content and services and the effectiveness and efficiency of our management.

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We may fail to identify or successfully acquire and integrate businesses, products and technologies.

Risks Related Privacy, Technology and Security

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We may have limited protection of our intellectual property rights which others could infringe.

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Claims from third parties based on the content created by us and third parties on our websites could result in costly litigation, payment of damages or the need to revise the way we conduct our business.

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Changes in laws and standards related to marketing, data collection, and privacy could significantly impact our ability to conduct business, reduce our marketing and advertising service revenues, and impose substantial compliance costs.

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The loss of personal, confidential, and/or proprietary information due to our cybersecurity systems or the systems of our customers, vendors, or partners being breached could cause us to incur significant legal and financial exposure and liability, and materially adversely affect our business, operating results and reputation.

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Our business, which is dependent on centrally located communications, computer hardware systems and cloud-based infrastructure providers, is vulnerable to natural disasters, telecommunication and systems failures, terrorism and other problems.

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Our business depends on continued and unimpeded access to the internet by us and our members and users. If government regulations relating to the internet change, internet access providers may be able to block, degrade, or charge for access to certain of our products and services, which could lead to additional expenses and the loss of customers.

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We may face risks associated with our use of certain AI, machine learning, and large language models.

Risks related to Financial and Accounting Matters

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We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses, if management identifies additional material weaknesses in the future or if we otherwise fail to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to accurately or timely report our financial position or results of operations.

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Our ability to raise capital in the future may be limited.

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Impairment charges have in the past and may in the future adversely affect our operating results and can result in declines in our stock price.

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Our significant indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition.

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Taxing authorities may successfully assert that the Company should have collected, or in the future we should collect, sales and use, value added, or similar taxes.

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Changes in applicable tax laws could result in adverse tax consequences to us.

Risks Related to the Ownership of Our Common Stock

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We are controlled by Informa. The interests of Informa may differ from the interests of our other stockholders.

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Certain of our directors will have to navigate potential conflicts of interest arising from their relationship with Informa. Such relationships may result in such directors having interests that may be different from or in addition to the interests of our stockholders generally for certain decisions.

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Our Chief Executive Officer provides services to the Company through a secondment agreement rather than being directly employed by us.

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Informa is prohibited, subject to certain exceptions, from transferring shares of our common stock or acquiring more shares of our common stock until the second anniversary of the closing, after which, subject to restrictions, it will be permitted to transfer its shares of our common stock and acquire more shares of our common stock.

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Informa has the right to purchase additional securities from us, which could have a negative impact on our stock price.

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The benefits and synergies attributable to the combination of the businesses may vary from expectations, which may negatively affect the market price of shares of our common stock.