PennyMac Mortgage Investment Trust

Our liquidity reflects our ability to meet our current obligations (including the purchase of loans from correspondent sellers, our operating expenses and, when applicable, retirement of, and margin calls relating to, our debt and derivatives positions), make investments as our Manager identifies them, pursue our share repurchase program and make distributions to our shareholders. We generally need to distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year (subject to certain adjustments) to our shareholders to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. This distribution requirement limits our ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital to support our activities.

We expect our primary sources of liquidity to be cash flows from our investment portfolio, including cash earnings on our investments, cash flows from business activities, liquidation of existing investments and proceeds from borrowings and/or additional equity offerings. When we finance a particular asset, the amount borrowed is less than the asset’s fair value and we must provide the cash in the amount of such difference. Our ability to continue making investments is dependent on our ability to invest the cash representing such difference.

We expect to continue investing in subordinate MBS generated from the private label securitization which is also expected to increase our variable interest entities’ asset-backed financings.

On August 20, 2025, the Company, PMT ISSUER TRUST—FMSR, PennyMac Corp. (“PMC”), and PennyMac Holdings, LLC (“PMH”) redeemed $350 million of secured term notes (the “Series 2021-FT1 Term Notes”).

Debt Financing

Our current debt financing strategy is to finance our assets where we believe such borrowing is prudent, appropriate and available. We make collateralized borrowings in the form of sales of assets under agreements to repurchase, loan participation purchase and sale agreements and notes payable, including secured term financing for our MSRs and our CRT arrangements that have allowed us to match the term of our borrowings more closely to the expected lives of the assets securing those borrowings. We have also borrowed money by issuing unsecured senior notes.

Our debt financing is summarized below:

(1)

The balance sheet information depicted under the column captioned “Consolidated” represents GAAP information and the subsequent columns reflect adjustments to deconsolidate the loan and CRT VIEsto provide investors with a more creditor-aligned view of how our debt relates to the assets we finance. After adjustment, the assets are shown in the securitized form in which they are financed which excludes non-recourse VIE financing. The adjusted balance sheet information should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for an analysis of our results as calculated based upon GAAP.

(2)

Does not include adjustments for credit risk transfer strip liabilities of $9.3 million.

(3)

Total borrowings reduced by asset-backed financings and interest-only security payable, divided by shareholders’ equity.

(4)

Total borrowings divided by shareholders’ equity.

Sales of Assets Under Agreements to Repurchase

Our repurchase agreements represent the sales of assets together with agreements for us to buy back the assets at a later date. Following is a summary of the activities in our repurchase agreements financing:

The difference between the maximum and average daily amounts outstanding is primarily due to timing of loan purchases and sales in our correspondent production business. The total facility size of our Assets sold under agreements to repurchase was approximately $12.8 billion at September 30, 2025.

Because a significant portion of our current debt facilities consists of short-term borrowings, we expect to either renew these facilities in advance of maturity in order to ensure our ongoing liquidity and access to capital or otherwise allow ourselves sufficient time to replace any necessary financing.

As discussed above, all of our repurchase agreements, and mortgage loan participation purchase and sale agreements have short-term maturities:

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The transactions relating to loans and real estate acquired in settlement of loans under agreements to repurchase generally provide for terms of approximately one to two years;

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The transactions relating to loans under mortgage loan participation purchase and sale agreements provide for terms of approximately one year;

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The transactions relating to assets under notes payable provide for terms ranging from two to five years; and

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All repurchase agreements that matured between September 30, 2025 and the date of this Report have been renewed, extended or replaced.

The amount at risk (the fair value of the assets pledged plus the related margin deposit, less the amount advanced by the counterparty and accrued interest) relating to our Assets sold under agreements to repurchase is summarized by counterparty below as of September 30, 2025:

Senior Notes

In June 2025, the Company issued $105 million principal amount of unsecured 9.00% senior notes due June 15, 2030 (the “June 2030 Senior Notes”) and in February 2025, the Company issued $172.5 million principal amount of unsecured 9.00% senior notes due February 15, 2030, together (the "February 2030 Senior Notes” and, collectively with the June 2030 Senior Notes, the “2030 Senior

Notes”). In September 2023, the Company issued $53.5 million principal amount of unsecured 8.50% senior notes due September 30, 2028 (the "2028 Senior Notes”). The 2030 Senior Notes and the 2028 Senior Notes are referred to collectively as the “Senior Notes”.

We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Senior Notes, at our option, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date. No “sinking fund” will be provided for the Senior Notes. The 2028 Senior Notes may be redeemed on or after September 30, 2025, the June 2030 Senior Notes may be redeemed on or after June 15, 2027 and the February 2030 Senior Notes may be redeemed on or after February 15, 2027.

The Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by PMC, including the due and punctual payment of principal of and interest on the Senior Notes, whether at stated maturity, upon acceleration, call for redemption or otherwise (the “PMC Guarantee”). PMC’s operations and investing activities are centered in residential mortgage-related assets, including the creation of and investment in MSRs.

Under the terms of the PMC Guarantee, holders of the Senior Notes will not be required to exercise their remedies against us before they proceed directly against PMC. PMC’s obligations under the guarantee are limited to the maximum amount that will not, after giving effect to all other contingent and fixed liabilities of PMC, result in the guarantee constituting a fraudulent transfer or conveyance. The PMC Guarantee will:

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rank equal in right of payment to any of PMC’s existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness and guarantees of PMC;

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be effectively subordinated in right of payment to any of PMC’s existing and future secured indebtedness and secured guarantees to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness or guarantees; and

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be structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities (including trade payables) and (to the extent not held by PMC) preferred stock, if any, of PMC’s subsidiaries and of any entity PMC accounts for using the equity method of accounting.

The following summarized financial information for PMT and PMC is presented on a combined basis. Intercompany balances and transactions between PMT and PMC have been eliminated:

(1)

Excludes equity in earnings of non-guarantor subsidiaries.

Debt Covenants

Our debt financing agreements require us and certain of our subsidiaries to comply with various financial covenants. As of the filing of this Report, these financial covenants include the following:

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a minimum of $75 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents among the Company and/or our subsidiaries; a minimum of $75 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents among our Operating Partnership and its consolidated subsidiaries; a minimum of $25 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents between PMC and PMH; a minimum of $25 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at PMC; and a minimum of $10 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents at PMH;

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a minimum tangible net worth for the Company of $1.25 billion; a minimum tangible net worth for our Operating Partnership of $1.25 billion; a minimum tangible net worth for PMH of $250 million; and a minimum tangible net worth for PMC of $300 million;

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a maximum ratio of total indebtedness to tangible net worth of less than 10:1 for PMC and PMH and 10:1 for the Company and our Operating Partnership; and

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at least two warehouse or repurchase facilities that finance amounts and assets similar to those being financed under our existing debt financing agreements.

Although these financial covenants limit the amount of indebtedness we may incur and impact our liquidity through minimum cash reserve requirements, we believe that these covenants currently provide us with sufficient flexibility to successfully operate our business and obtain the financing necessary to achieve that purpose.

PLS is also subject to various financial covenants, both as a borrower under its own financing arrangements and as our servicer under certain of our debt financing agreements. The most significant of these financial covenants currently include the following:

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a minimum in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $100 million;

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a minimum tangible net worth of $1.25 billion;

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a maximum ratio of total indebtedness to tangible net worth of 10:1; and

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at least one other warehouse or repurchase facility that finances amounts and assets that are similar to those being financed under certain of our existing secured financing agreements.

Many of our debt financing agreements contain a condition precedent to obtaining additional funding that requires us to maintain positive net income for at least one (1) of the previous two consecutive quarters, or other similar measures. For the most recent fiscal quarter, the Company is compliant with all such conditions. However, we may be required to obtain waivers from certain lenders in the future if this condition precedent is not met.

Our debt financing agreements also contain margin call provisions that, upon notice from the applicable lender at its option, require us to transfer cash or, in some instances, additional assets in an amount sufficient to eliminate any margin deficit. A margin deficit will generally result from any decline in the market value (as determined by the applicable lender) of the assets subject to the related financing agreement, although in some instances we may agree with the lender upon certain thresholds (in dollar amounts or percentages based on the market value of the assets) that must be exceeded before a margin deficit will arise. Upon notice from the applicable lender, we will generally be required to satisfy the margin call on the day of such notice or within one business day thereafter, depending on the timing of the notice.

Regulatory Capital and Liquidity Requirements

In addition to the financial covenants imposed upon us and PLS as our servicer under our debt financing agreements, we, through PMC and/or PLS, as applicable, are also subject to liquidity and net worth requirements established by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) for Agency seller/servicers and Ginnie Mae for single-family issuers. FHFA and Ginnie Mae have established minimum liquidity and net worth requirements for their approved non-depository single-family sellers/servicers in the case of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae for their approved single-family issuers, and Ginnie Mae has also issued risk-based capital requirements. We believe that we and our servicer, PLS, are in compliance with the applicable FHFA and Ginnie Mae requirements as of September 30, 2025.

We and our Manager continue to explore a variety of additional means of financing our business, including debt financing through bank warehouse lines of credit, repurchase agreements, term financing, securitization transactions and unsecured debt and equity offerings. However, there can be no assurance as to how much additional financing capacity such efforts will produce, what form the financing will take or that such efforts will be successful.