Core Laboratories Inc. /DE/

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

References to “Core Lab”, “Core Laboratories”, the “Company”, “we”, “our” and similar phrases are used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”) and relate collectively to Core Laboratories Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

We operate our business intwo segments: (1) Reservoir Description and (2) Production Enhancement. These complementary operating segments provide different services and products and utilize different technologies for evaluating and improving reservoir performance and increasing oil and gas recovery from new and existing fields. For a description of the types of services and products offered by these operating segments, see Note 16 - Segment Reporting.

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES UPDATE

Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Core Laboratories Inc. and its subsidiaries for which we have a controlling voting interest and/or a controlling financial interest. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information using the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and footnote disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for the annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in Core Laboratories Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, including Note 2 -Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Core Laboratories Inc.’s balance sheet information for the year ended December 31, 2024, was derived from the 2024 audited consolidated financial statements. There have been no changes to the accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.

Core Laboratories Inc. uses the equity method of accounting for investments in which it has less than a majority interest and does not exercise control but does exert significant influence. Non-controlling interests have been recorded to reflect outside ownership attributable to consolidated subsidiaries that are less than 100% owned. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented have been included in these financial statements. Furthermore, the operating results presented for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, may not necessarily be indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2025.

Certain reclassifications were made to prior period amounts in order to conform to the current period presentations. These reclassifications had no impact on the reported net income or cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Property, Plant and Equipment

We review our long-lived assets (“LLA”) for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their net book value may not be recovered over their remaining service lives. Indicators of possible impairment may include significant declines in activity levels in regions where specific assets or groups of assets are located, extended periods of idle use, declining revenue or cash flow or overall changes in general market conditions.

The geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine, which began in February 2022 and has continued through September 30, 2025, has resulted in disruptions to our operations in Russia and Ukraine. As of September 30, 2025, our laboratory facilities, offices, and locations in Russia and Ukraine continued to operate with no significant impact to local business operations. Therefore, we determined there was no triggering event for LLA impairment in Russia and Ukraine, and no impairment assessments have been performed as of September 30, 2025.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Issued But Not Yet Effective

In December 2023, FASB issued ASU 2023-09 Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures to improve transparency of income tax disclosures, primarily by requiring consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendment is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is permitted. Upon adoption, our disclosures regarding income taxes will be expanded accordingly.

In November 2024, FASB issued ASU 2024-03 Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income – Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) to improve disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses, by providing more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. As amended by ASU 2025-01 issued in January 2025, the amendment is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment may be applied prospectively or retrospectively. Upon adoption, our disclosures regarding expenses will be expanded.

In July 2025, FASB issued ASU 2025-05 Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets, which allows public business entities to apply a practical expedient when estimating expected credit losses that assumes that current conditions as of the balance sheet date do not change for the remaining life of the asset. The amendment is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2025. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment will be applied prospectively. Upon adoption, our disclosures regarding estimating expected credit losses will be expanded.

3. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTURES

We hadno significant business acquisitions or divestures during thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

Subsequent to the quarter ending September 30, 2025, on October 1, 2025, we acquired 100% of the equity interests in Solintec Consultoria E Servicos De Geologia Ltda., a Brazilian limited liability company and a leading provider of geological services to the region’s oil and gas industry. The acquisition is included in our Reservoir Description operating segment.

The total purchase price is comprised of an initial cash payment of $2.3 million plus up to $3.7 million of additional contingent cash consideration, payable in annual installments, provided certain performance targets are achieved over the two-year period following closing.

We have not finalized the assessment of the fair values of assets acquired, including intangible assets, and liabilities assumed or the resulting goodwill and its taxability. Fair value estimates of certain assets and liabilities require more current financial information or are based on significant judgments and assumptions. Our estimates of acquisition date fair value will be adjusted where required as additional information is received during the measurement period subsequent to the acquisition date, not to exceed one year.

4. CONTRACT ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

The balance of contract assets and liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

The current portion of contract assets is included in our accounts receivable. The current portion of contract liabilities is included in unearned revenues and, as applicable, the non-current portion of contract liabilities is included in other long-term liabilities.

We didnot recognize any impairment losses on our contract assets during thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.

5. INVENTORIES

Inventories consist of the following (in thousands):

We include freight costs incurred for shipping inventory to our clients in the cost of product sales caption in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

6. LEASES

We have operating leases primarily consisting of office and lab space, machinery and equipment and vehicles. We entered into a sublease agreement in 2023 that was terminated at the beginning of 2025, for existing office and lab space in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

The components of lease expense and other information are as follows (in thousands):

Scheduled undiscounted lease payments for non-cancellable operating leases consist of the following (in thousands):

7. LONG-TERM DEBT, NET

We haveno finance lease obligations. Debt is summarized in the following table (in thousands):

(1) Interest is payable semi-annually on June 30 and December 30.

(2)Interest is payable semi-annually on March 28 and September 28.

On July 22, 2025, we, along with our direct subsidiary Core Laboratories (U.S.) Interests Holdings, Inc. (“CLIH”) entered into the Ninth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (as amended, the “Credit Facility”) for an aggregate borrowing commitment of $150.0 million with a $50.0 million “accordion” feature. Draws up to $100.0 million are available in the form of a revolving credit facility, and a single draw of $50.0 millionis available in the form of a delayed draw term loan (“DDTL”)

through January 12, 2026. The DDTL is repayable in quarterly installments of $625 thousand and prepayments are permitted without penalty. Any remaining outstanding balances under the revolving credit facility and the DDTL are due at maturity on July 22, 2029, subject to springing maturity dates unless the Company’s liquidity equals or exceeds the principal amount of each of the respective senior notes series that remain outstanding on each of the respective springing maturity dates as follows:

(1)

October 14, 2027, if any portion of the Company’s 2021 Senior Notes Series B due January 12, 2028, in the aggregate principal amount of $15.0 million, remains outstanding on October 14, 2027, and

(2)

March 30, 2028, if any portion of the Company’s 2023 Senior Notes Series A due June 28, 2028, in the aggregate principal amount of $25.0 million, remains outstanding on March 30, 2028.

There are no significant changes to other terms from the Eighth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, including assets securing the debt, interest rates, and cross default provisions associated with the Senior Notes (as defined below), financial covenants or the interest coverage and leverage ratios as described below.

The Credit Facility is secured by first priority interests in (1) substantially all of the tangible and intangible personal property, and equity interest of CLIH and certain of the Company’s U.S. and foreign subsidiary companies and (2) instruments evidencing intercompany indebtedness owing to the Company, CLIH and certain of the Company’s U.S. and foreign subsidiary companies. Certain of our significant, wholly owned subsidiaries are guarantors or co-borrowers under the Credit Facility and Senior Notes.

Under the Credit Facility, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus 2.00% to SOFR plus 3.00% will be applied to outstanding borrowings. The available capacity at any point in time is reduced by outstanding borrowings and outstanding letters of credit which totaled approximately $11.1 million at September 30, 2025, resulting in an available borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility of approximately $131.9 million. In addition to indebtedness under the Credit Facility, we had approximately $8.0 million of outstanding letters of credit and performance guarantees and bonds from other sources as of September 30, 2025.

The Credit Facility and Senior Notes include a cross-default provision, whereby a default under one agreement may trigger a default in the other agreements.

The terms of the Credit Facility and Senior Notes require us to meet certain covenants, including, but not limited to, an interest coverage ratio (calculated as consolidated EBITDA divided by interest expense) and a leverage ratio (calculated as consolidated net indebtedness divided by consolidated EBITDA), where consolidated EBITDA (as defined in each agreement) and interest expense are calculated using the most recent four fiscal quarters. The Credit Facility has more restrictive covenants with a minimum interest coverage ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 and permits a maximum leverage ratio of 2.50 to 1.00. The Credit Facility allows non-cash charges such as impairment of assets, stock compensation and other non-cash charges to be added back in the calculation of consolidated EBITDA. The terms of our Credit Facility also allow us to negotiate in good faith to amend any ratio or requirement to preserve the original intent of the agreement if any change in accounting principles would affect the computation of any financial ratio or covenant of the Credit Facility. In accordance with the terms of the Credit Facility, our leverage ratio is 1.10 and our interest coverage ratio is 7.86, each for the period ended September 30, 2025. We are in compliance with all covenants contained in our Credit Facility and Senior Notes as of September 30, 2025.

We, along with CLIH as issuer, have senior notes outstanding that were issued through private placement transactions. Series A and Series B of the 2021 Senior Notes were issued in 2021 (the “2021 Senior Notes”). Series A and Series B of the 2023 Senior Notes were issued in 2023 (the “2023 Senior Notes”). The 2021 Senior Notes and the 2023 Senior Notes are collectively the “Senior Notes”. We intend to repay the 2021 Senior Notes Series A at maturity in January 2026 using borrowings under the Credit Facility; therefore, we continue to classify them as long-term debt.

See Note 11 -Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities for additional information regarding interest rate swap agreements we have entered to fix the underlying risk-free rate on our Senior Notes.

The estimated fair value of total debt at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximated the book value of total debt. The fair value was estimated using Level 2 inputs by calculating the sum of the discounted future interest and principal payments through the maturity date.

8. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Prior to January 2020, one of our subsidiaries provided a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all of our Dutch employees (“Dutch Plan”) who were hired prior to 2000. This pension benefit was based on years of service and final pay or career average pay, depending on when the employee began participating. The Dutch Plan was curtailed prior to January 2020, and these employees have been moved into the Dutch defined contribution plan. However, the unconditional indexation for this group of participants continues for so long as they remain in active service with the Company.

The following table summarizes the components of net periodic pension cost under the Dutch Plan (in thousands):

9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

We have been and may, from time to time, be named as a defendant in legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business. These include, but are not limited to, employment-related claims and contractual disputes or claims for personal injury or property damage which occur in connection with the provision of our services and products. A liability is accrued when a loss is both probable and can be reasonably estimated.

See Note 7 -Long-term Debt, net for amounts committed under letters of credit and performance guarantees and bonds.

10. EQUITY

Treasury Stock

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we distributed 12,402 and 91,602 shares, respectively, of treasury stock upon vesting of stock-based awards. During thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we repurchased 462,248 and 831,478 shares, respectively, of our common stock for $5.0 million and $9.8 million, respectively. The total repurchased shares include rights which were surrendered to us pursuant to the terms of a stock-based compensation plan in consideration of the participant’s tax burdens resulting from the issuance of common stock under that plan. Rights surrendered to us were 4,461 and 16,915 shares valued at $47 thousand and $211 thousand for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Such shares of common stock, unless canceled, may be reissued for a variety of purposes such as future acquisitions, non-employee director stock awards or employee stock awards.

Dividend Policy

In March, May and August 2025, we paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.01 per share of common stock. In addition, on October 22, 2025, we declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.01 per share of common stock for shareholders of record on November 3, 2025, and payable on November 24, 2025.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Amounts recognized, net of income tax, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consist of the following (in thousands):

11. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES

We are exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in interest rates. To mitigate these risks, we may utilize derivative instruments in the form of interest rate swaps. We do not enter into derivative transactions for speculative purposes.

In March 2021, we entered into a forward interest rate swap agreement and carried the fair value of certain terminated variable-to-fixed swaps into the agreement in a “blend and extend” structured transaction. The purpose of this forward interest rate swap agreement is to fix the underlying risk-free rate, that would be associated with the anticipated issuance of new long-term debt by the Company in future periods. The forward interest rate swap would hedge the risk-free rate on forecasted long-term debt through March 2033. Risk associated with future changes in the 10-year LIBOR interest rates have been fixed up to a notional amount of $60.0 million with this instrument. The interest rate swap qualifies as a cash flow hedging instrument. This forward interest rate swap agreement was terminated and settled in April 2022. The hedging relationship is highly effective, therefore, the gain on the termination of the forward interest rate swap was included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). On June 28, 2023, the Company issued the 2023 Senior Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $50.0 million at fixed interest rates of 7.25% and 7.50%. The Company has elected to apply the optional expedient for hedging relationships affected by reference rate reform. Accordingly, no outstanding balance on the 2023 Senior Notes will preclude cash flow hedging with the existing LIBOR hedging instrument. A net loss of $0.3 million is included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at September 30, 2025. The unamortized balance on this swap will be amortized into interest expense in accordance with the forecasted transactions or the scheduled interest payments on the 2023 Senior Notes and any future debt through March 2033.

The effect of interest rate swaps on the consolidated statements of operations is as follows (in thousands):

12. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company’s only financial assets and liabilities which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis relate to certain aspects of the Company’s benefit plans. We use the market approach to determine the fair value of these assets and liabilities using significant other observable inputs (Level 2) with the assistance of third-party specialists. We do not have any assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using quoted prices in an active market (Level 1) or significant unobservable inputs (Level 3). Gains and losses related to the fair value changes in the financial assets and liabilities are recorded in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations.

The following table summarizes the fair value balances (in thousands):

(1) Company owned life insurance policies have cash surrender value and are intended to assist in funding deferred compensation liabilities and other benefit plans.

13. OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET

The components of other (income) expense, net, are as follows (in thousands):

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, as a result of consolidating and exiting certain facilities in the U.S. and other international locations, we recognized a write-down of the associated leasehold improvements, right of use assets and other assets and incurred lease abandonment and other exit costs of $0.7 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

In February 2024, we had a fire incident at our Aberdeen, U.K. facility and we have recorded insurance recovery associated with business interruptions, increase in cost of work, and loss on property and assets during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, Core Lab reached final settlement with the insurance company and recorded a gain of approximately $5.2 million on the insurance recovery.

Foreign exchange (gain) loss, net by currency is summarized in the following table (in thousands):

14. INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $3.8 million and $7.4 million for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively compared to income tax expense of $4.7 million and $10.0 million for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, was 20.5% and 22.7%, respectively. The effective tax rate for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024, was 28.1% and 28.8%, respectively. The effective tax rate for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2025, was primarily impacted by the earnings mix of jurisdictions subject to tax for the period and changes in uncertain tax position in certain jurisdictions which is discrete to the quarter. The tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was impacted by the earnings mix of jurisdictions subject to tax for the period and items discrete to the quarter.

On July 4, 2025, the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” (the “Act”) was enacted into law. The Act includes significant provisions, including tax cut extensions and modifications to the U.S. and international tax frameworks. We are evaluating the impact of these legislative changes as additional guidance becomes available. Currently, we do not believe legislation will have a material impact on our tax expense.

15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income attributable to Core Laboratories Inc. by the number of weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share includes the incremental effect of contingently issuable shares from performance and restricted stock awards, as determined using the treasury stock method.

The following table summarizes the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands):

16. SEGMENT REPORTING

We operate our business intwo segments. These complementary operating segments provide different services and products and utilize different technologies for evaluating and improving reservoir performance and increasing oil and gas recovery from new and existing fields.

•

Reservoir Description: Encompasses the characterization of petroleum reservoir rock and reservoir fluids samples to increase production and improve recovery of crude oil and natural gas from our clients’ reservoirs. We provide laboratory-based analytical and field services to characterize properties of crude oil and crude oil-derived products to the oil and gas industry. Services associated with these fluids include determining the quality and measuring the quantity of the reservoir fluids and their derived products, such as gasoline, diesel and biofuels. We also provide proprietary and joint industry studies based on these types of analyses and manufacture associated laboratory equipment. In addition, we provide reservoir description capabilities that support various activities associated with energy transition projects, including services that support carbon capture, utilization and storage, geothermal projects, and the evaluation and appraisal of mining activities around lithium and other elements necessary for energy storage.

•

Production Enhancement: Includes services and manufactured products associated with reservoir well completions, perforations, stimulation, production and well abandonment. We provide integrated diagnostic services to evaluate and monitor the effectiveness of well completions and to develop solutions aimed at increasing the effectiveness of enhanced oil recovery projects.

We use the same accounting policies to prepare our operating segment results as are used to prepare our consolidated financial statements. All interest and other non-operating income (expense) is attributable to Corporate & Other and is not allocated to specific operating segments.

Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is our Chief Executive Officer, who also serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors. The CODM uses revenue from unaffiliated clients and segment operating income to allocate resources, primarily for working capital, staffing and capital expenditures, during the annual budgeting process and monthly when comparing actual results to budgeted and forecasted results.

Summarized financial information of our operating segments is shown in the following table (in thousands):

(1) "Corporate & Other" represents those items that are not directly related to a particular operating segment and eliminations.

(2) General and administrative expense is presented as a total amount to the CODM and consists primarily of employee compensation costs, professional fees and information technology costs.

(3) Other remaining balance is included in other (income) expense, net. See Note 13 - Other (income) expense, net for further details.