DOMINOS PIZZA INC
For the period ended Sep 7, 2025. Filed Oct 14, 2025.
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Sep 7, 2025 · Filed Oct 14, 2025
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited; tabular amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
September 7, 2025
- Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. Additionally, the condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 29, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. Certain captions have been conformed to the current period presentation. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2024 included in the Company’s 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 24, 2025 (the “2024 Form 10-K”).
The 2025 and 2024 third quarters referenced herein represent the twelve-week periods ended September 7, 2025 and September 8, 2024, respectively. The 2025 and 2024 three fiscal quarters referenced herein represent the thirty-six-week periods ended September 7, 2025 and September 8, 2024, respectively. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring items, considered necessary for a fair statement have been included. Operating results for the third quarter and three fiscal quarters ended September 7, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending December 28, 2025.
- Segment Information
The Company hasthree reportable segments: (i) U.S. stores; (ii) supply chain; and (iii) international franchise.
The Company’s operations are organized by management on the combined basis of line of business and geography. The U.S. stores segment includes operations with respect to all franchised and Company-owned stores throughout the U.S. The supply chain segment primarily includes the distribution of food and, to a lesser extent, other products, from the Company’s supply chain center operations in the U.S. and Canada. The international franchise segment includes operations related to the Company’s franchising business in foreign markets. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is its Chief Executive Officer, and he evaluates the performance of the Company’s segments and allocates resources to them based on revenues and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and other, referred to as Segment Income. The Company uses Segment Income to determine future business objectives and targets and for long-range planning for the reportable segments, as well as to evaluate their operating performance.
The tables below summarize the financial information, including revenues, significant segment expenses, Segment Income and capital expenditures, concerning the Company’s reportable segments for thethird quarter and three fiscal quarters ended September 7, 2025 and September 8, 2024. Intersegment revenues are comprised of sales of food and, to a lesser extent, other products, from the supply chain segment to the Company-owned stores in the U.S. stores segment. Intersegment sales prices are market based.
The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”) in the fourth quarter of 2024. The Company has included the relevant interim disclosures retrospectively for all periods presented in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
| U.S.Stores | SupplyChain | InternationalFranchise | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. Company-owned stores | $82,749 | $— | $— | $82,749 |
| U.S. franchise royalties and fees | 157,155 | — | — | 157,155 |
| Supply chain | — | 722,597 | — | 722,597 |
| Supply chain - intersegment revenues | — | (25,638) | — | (25,638) |
| International franchise royalties and fees | — | — | 78,549 | 78,549 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 131,642 | — | — | 131,642 |
| Segment revenues | $371,546 | $696,959 | $78,549 | $1,147,054 |
| Cost of sales - food | 24,613 | 495,249 | — | 519,862 |
| Cost of sales - labor | 25,541 | 61,887 | — | 87,428 |
| Cost of sales - other (1) | 16,583 | 51,269 | — | 67,852 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 131,642 | — | — | 131,642 |
| General and administrative (2) | 36,858 | 18,389 | 11,252 | 66,499 |
| Segment Income | $136,309 | $70,165 | $67,297 | $273,771 |
| Segment capital expenditures (3) | $2,629 | $8,248 | $139 | $11,016 |
| U.S.Stores | SupplyChain | InternationalFranchise | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. Company-owned stores | $266,803 | $— | $— | $266,803 |
| U.S. franchise royalties and fees | 464,416 | — | — | 464,416 |
| Supply chain | — | 2,135,164 | — | 2,135,164 |
| Supply chain - intersegment revenues | — | (81,219) | — | (81,219) |
| International franchise royalties and fees | — | — | 231,272 | 231,272 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 387,818 | — | — | 387,818 |
| Segment revenues | $1,119,037 | $2,053,945 | $231,272 | $3,404,254 |
| Cost of sales - food | 79,103 | 1,454,349 | — | 1,533,452 |
| Cost of sales - labor | 82,353 | 183,793 | — | 266,146 |
| Cost of sales - other (1) | 54,821 | 149,829 | — | 204,650 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 387,818 | — | — | 387,818 |
| General and administrative (2) | 112,830 | 48,781 | 34,632 | 196,243 |
| Segment Income | $402,112 | $217,193 | $196,640 | $815,945 |
| Segment capital expenditures (3) | $5,588 | $22,834 | $139 | $28,561 |
| U.S.Stores | SupplyChain | InternationalFranchise | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. Company-owned stores | $89,173 | $— | $— | $89,173 |
| U.S. franchise royalties and fees | 144,074 | — | — | 144,074 |
| Supply chain | — | 679,664 | — | 679,664 |
| Supply chain - intersegment revenues | — | (28,350) | — | (28,350) |
| International franchise royalties and fees | — | — | 74,633 | 74,633 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 120,925 | — | — | 120,925 |
| Segment revenues | $354,172 | $651,314 | $74,633 | $1,080,119 |
| Cost of sales - food | 25,905 | 465,301 | — | 491,206 |
| Cost of sales - labor | 27,761 | 60,124 | — | 87,885 |
| Cost of sales - other (1) | 17,801 | 47,870 | — | 65,671 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 120,925 | — | — | 120,925 |
| General and administrative (2) | 33,203 | 16,846 | 12,266 | 62,315 |
| Segment Income | $128,577 | $61,173 | $62,367 | $252,117 |
| Segment capital expenditures (3) | $4,256 | $8,116 | $— | $12,372 |
| U.S.Stores | SupplyChain | InternationalFranchise | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| U.S. Company-owned stores | $274,086 | $— | $— | $274,086 |
| U.S. franchise royalties and fees | 442,168 | — | — | 442,168 |
| Supply chain | — | 2,053,055 | — | 2,053,055 |
| Supply chain - intersegment revenues | — | (83,283) | — | (83,283) |
| International franchise royalties and fees | — | — | 220,295 | 220,295 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 356,181 | — | — | 356,181 |
| Segment revenues | $1,072,435 | $1,969,772 | $220,295 | $3,262,502 |
| Cost of sales - food | 78,868 | 1,403,699 | — | 1,482,567 |
| Cost of sales - labor | 85,912 | 184,042 | — | 269,954 |
| Cost of sales - other (1) | 53,395 | 139,832 | — | 193,227 |
| U.S. franchise advertising | 356,181 | — | — | 356,181 |
| General and administrative (2) | 103,912 | 51,463 | 39,499 | 194,874 |
| Segment Income | $394,167 | $190,736 | $180,796 | $765,699 |
| Segment capital expenditures (3) | $9,068 | $20,533 | $33 | $29,634 |
| (1) | Cost of sales - other, includes delivery, occupancy costs (including rent, telephone and utilities) and insurance expense. Depreciation and amortization is not included in the measurement of Segment Income. |
| (2) | General and administrative expense consists primarily of labor cost (including variable performance-based compensation expense), computer expenses, professional fees, travel and entertainment, rent, insurance and other. Depreciation and amortization, non-cash equity-based compensation expense, gains and losses from the sale/disposal of assets and refranchising gains and losses are not included in the measurement of Segment Income. |
| (3) | The Company also had $11.0 million and $11.5 million of other capital expenditures not attributable to the reportable segments primarily representing capitalized software in the third quarters of 2025 and 2024, respectively. The Company had $29.8 million and $40.1 million of other capital expenditures not attributable to the reportable segments primarily representing capitalized software in the three fiscal quarters of 2025 and 2024, respectively. |
The following table reconciles total Segment Income to income before provision for income taxes:
| Fiscal Quarter Ended | Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 7,2025 | September 8,2024 | September 7,2025 | September 8,2024 | |
| Total Segment Income | $273,771 | $252,117 | $815,945 | $765,699 |
| General and administrative - other (1) | (19,771) | (22,839) | (68,009) | (67,178) |
| Depreciation and amortization | (20,415) | (20,756) | (61,128) | (60,974) |
| Non-cash equity-based compensation expense | (10,325) | (9,517) | (31,681) | (31,541) |
| Loss on sale/disposal of assets | (92) | (174) | (703) | (501) |
| Refranchising gain (loss) | — | — | 3,883 | (158) |
| Income from operations | 223,168 | 198,831 | 658,307 | 605,347 |
| Other (expense) income | (3,017) | 26,172 | 5,036 | 18,871 |
| Interest income | 4,060 | 4,339 | 11,834 | 12,297 |
| Interest expense | (45,012) | (44,726) | (135,245) | (135,293) |
| Income before provision for income taxes | $179,199 | $184,616 | $539,932 | $501,222 |
| (1) | Represents corporate administrative costs that have not been allocated to a reportable segment including labor, computer expenses, professional fees, travel and entertainment, rent, insurance and other corporate administrative costs. |
The Company’s chief operating decision maker is not regularly provided financial information related to the assets of the reportable segments, and he does not evaluate their performance or allocate resources to them based on assets. Therefore, total assets by reportable segment are not included in the Company’s segment disclosures.
- Earnings Per Share
| Fiscal Quarter Ended | Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 7, | September 8, | September 7, | September 8, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |
| Net income available to common stockholders - basic and diluted | $139,319 | $146,924 | $420,061 | $414,726 |
| Basic weighted average number of shares | 33,919,706 | 34,801,086 | 34,122,385 | 34,835,394 |
| Earnings per share – basic | $4.11 | $4.22 | $12.31 | $11.91 |
| Diluted weighted average number of shares | 34,146,418 | 35,039,408 | 34,366,396 | 35,145,732 |
| Earnings per share – diluted | $4.08 | $4.19 | $12.22 | $11.80 |
The denominators used in calculating diluted earnings per share for common stock for thethird quarters and three fiscal quarters each ended September 7, 2025 and September 8, 2024 do not include the following because the effect of including these shares would be anti-dilutive or because the performance targets for these awards had not yet been met:
| Fiscal Quarter Ended | Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 7, | September 8, | September 7, | September 8, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |
| Anti-dilutive shares underlying stock-based awards | ||||
| Stock options | 85,428 | 44,342 | 89,147 | 46,290 |
| Restricted stock awards and units | 2,360 | 4,223 | 2,360 | 4,223 |
| Performance condition not met | ||||
| Restricted stock awards and units | 41,957 | 49,742 | 41,957 | 49,742 |
- Stockholders’ Deficit
The following tables summarize the changes in stockholders’ deficit for thethird quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2025.
| Accumulated | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional · Other | |||||
| Common Stock · Paid-in · Retained · Comprehensive | |||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | |
| Balance at June 15, 2025 | 33,937,222 | $339 | $843 | $(3,971,182) | $(4,627) |
| Net income | — | — | — | 139,319 | — |
| Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents($1.74 per share) | — | — | — | (59,184) | — |
| Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net | 17,498 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | (5,287) | — | (2,390) | — | — |
| Purchases of common stock | (165,778) | (2) | (8,722) | (66,624) | — |
| Exercise of stock options | 1,490 | — | 563 | — | — |
| Non-cash equity-based compensation expense | — | — | 10,325 | — | — |
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | (618) |
| Balance at September 7, 2025 | 33,785,145 | $338 | $619 | $(3,957,671) | $(5,245) |
| Accumulated | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional · Other | |||||
| Common Stock · Paid-in · Retained · Comprehensive | |||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | |
| Balance at December 29, 2024 | 34,281,927 | $343 | $1,272 | $(3,956,474) | $(7,432) |
| Net income | — | — | — | 420,061 | — |
| Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents($5.22 per share) | — | — | — | (178,441) | — |
| Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net | 75,668 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | (24,590) | — | (10,862) | — | — |
| Purchases of common stock | (596,754) | (6) | (34,354) | (242,817) | — |
| Exercise of stock options | 48,894 | — | 12,882 | — | — |
| Non-cash equity-based compensation expense | — | — | 31,681 | — | — |
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | 2,187 |
| Balance at September 7, 2025 | 33,785,145 | $338 | $619 | $(3,957,671) | $(5,245) |
Subsequent to the end of the third quarter of 2025, on October 7, 2025, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a$1.74 per share quarterly dividend on its outstanding common stock for shareholders of record as of December 15, 2025 to be paid on December 26, 2025.
The following tables summarize the changes in stockholders’ deficit for thethird quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2024.
| Accumulated | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional · Other | |||||
| Common Stock · Paid-in · Retained · Comprehensive | |||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | |
| Balance at June 16, 2024 | 34,956,623 | $350 | $30,008 | $(3,916,008) | $(5,475) |
| Net income | — | — | — | 146,924 | — |
| Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents($1.51 per share) | — | — | — | (52,502) | — |
| Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net | 3,466 | — | — | — | — |
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | (3,029) | (1) | (1,445) | — | — |
| Purchases of common stock | (443,302) | (4) | (39,572) | (152,230) | — |
| Exercise of stock options | 16,612 | — | 3,202 | — | — |
| Non-cash equity-based compensation expense | — | — | 9,517 | — | — |
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | 598 |
| Balance at September 8, 2024 | 34,530,370 | $345 | $1,710 | $(3,973,816) | $(4,877) |
| Accumulated | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Additional · Other | |||||
| Common Stock · Paid-in · Retained · Comprehensive | |||||
| Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Loss | |
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | 34,726,182 | $347 | $2,801 | $(4,069,648) | $(3,867) |
| Net income | — | — | — | 414,726 | — |
| Dividends declared on common stock and equivalents($4.53 per share) | — | — | — | (158,565) | — |
| Issuance and cancellation of stock awards, net | 65,135 | 1 | — | — | — |
| Tax payments for restricted stock upon vesting | (23,417) | (1) | (10,705) | — | — |
| Purchases of common stock | (499,674) | (5) | (56,593) | (160,329) | — |
| Exercise of stock options | 262,144 | 3 | 34,666 | — | — |
| Non-cash equity-based compensation expense | — | — | 31,541 | — | — |
| Currency translation adjustment | — | — | — | — | (1,010) |
| Balance at September 8, 2024 | 34,530,370 | $345 | $1,710 | $(3,973,816) | $(4,877) |
- Fair Value Measurements
Fair value measurements enable the reader of the financial statements to assess the inputs used to develop those measurements by establishing a hierarchy for ranking the quality and reliability of the information used to determine fair values. The Company classifies and discloses assets and liabilities carried at fair value in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
Fair Value of Cash Equivalents and Marketable Securities
The fair values of the Company’s cash equivalents and investments in marketable securities are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.
Fair Value of Investments
The Company holds a non-controlling interest in DPC Dash Ltd (“DPC Dash”), the Company’s master franchisee in China that owns and operates Domino’s Pizza stores in that market. The Company accounts for its investment in DPC Dash as a trading security and records it at fair value at the end of each reporting period, with gains and losses recorded in other income or expense in its condensed consolidated statements of income. As of September 7, 2025, the fair value of the Company’s investment in DPC Dash ordinary shares is based on the active exchange quoted price for the equity security of HK$87.25 per share (HK: 1405). The Company owned 3,901,019 and 8,101,019 ordinary shares as of September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024, respectively. The Company sold 4,200,000 ordinary shares of its investment in DPC Dash in the second quarter of 2025 for net proceeds of$44.1 million.
The Company recorded a total net negative adjustment of$3.0 million in the third quarter of 2025 and a total net positive adjustment of$5.0 million in the three fiscal quarters of 2025 to the carrying amount of its investment in DPC Dash, with the net realized and unrealized losses and gains recorded in other (expense) income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income. The Company recorded positive adjustments of$26.2 million and$18.9 million in the third quarter of 2024 and three fiscal quarters of 2024, respectively, to the carrying amount of its investment in DPC Dash, with the unrealized gains recorded in other (expense) income in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.
The following tables summarize the carrying amounts and fair values of certain assets at September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024:
| Fair Value Estimated Using | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carrying | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |
| Amount | Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | |
| Cash equivalents | $95,531 | $95,531 | $— | $— |
| Restricted cash equivalents | 132,211 | 132,211 | — | — |
| Investments in marketable securities | 23,658 | 23,658 | — | — |
| Advertising fund cash equivalents, restricted | 89,495 | 89,495 | — | — |
| Investment in DPC Dash | 43,650 | 43,650 | — | — |
| Fair Value Estimated Using | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carrying | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | |
| Amount | Inputs | Inputs | Inputs | |
| Cash equivalents | $127,074 | $127,074 | $— | $— |
| Restricted cash equivalents | 140,669 | 140,669 | — | — |
| Investments in marketable securities | 20,638 | 20,638 | — | — |
| Advertising fund cash equivalents, restricted | 70,350 | 70,350 | — | — |
| Investment in DPC Dash | 82,699 | 82,699 | — | — |
Fair Value of Debt
The estimated fair values of the Company’s fixed rate notes are classified as Level 2 measurements, as the Company estimates the fair value amount by using available market information. The Company obtained quotes from two separate brokerage firms that are knowledgeable about the Company’s fixed rate notes and, at times, trade these notes. The Company also performed its own internal analysis based on the information gathered from public markets, including information on notes that are similar to those of the Company. However, considerable judgment is required to interpret market data to estimate fair value. Accordingly, the fair value estimates presented are not necessarily indicative of the amount that the Company or the noteholders could realize in a current market exchange. The use of different assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair values stated below.
Management estimated the approximate fair values of the Company’s fixed rate notes as follows:
| September 7, 2025 | December 29, 2024 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Principal Amount | Fair Value | Principal Amount | Fair Value | |
| 2015 Ten-Year Notes | $— | $— | $742,000 | $739,032 |
| 2017 Ten-Year Notes | 940,000 | 932,480 | 940,000 | 915,560 |
| 2018 7.5-Year Notes | — | — | 402,688 | 399,869 |
| 2018 9.25-Year Notes | 379,000 | 377,863 | 379,000 | 370,662 |
| 2019 Ten-Year Notes | 648,000 | 625,320 | 648,000 | 599,400 |
| 2021 7.5-Year Notes | 826,625 | 782,814 | 826,625 | 750,576 |
| 2021 Ten-Year Notes | 972,500 | 895,673 | 972,500 | 850,938 |
| 2025 Five-Year Notes | 500,000 | 503,500 | — | — |
| 2025 Seven-Year Notes | 500,000 | 507,000 | — | — |
The Company did not have any outstanding borrowings under its variable funding notes at September 7, 2025 or December 29, 2024.
- Refinancing
On September 5, 2025 (the “closing date”), the Company completed a refinancing transaction (the “2025 Refinancing”) in which certain of the Company’s subsidiaries issued new notes pursuant to an asset-backed securitization. The notes consist of $500.0 million Series 2025-14.930% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-I with an anticipated repayment date of July 2030 (the “2025 Five-Year Notes”) and $500.0 million Series 2025-15.217% Fixed Rate Senior Secured Notes, Class A-2-II with an anticipated repayment date of July 2032 (the “2025 Seven-Year Notes,” and collectively with the 2025 Five-Year Notes, the “2025 Notes”) in an offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Gross proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Notes were$1.00 billion.
The proceeds from the issuance of the 2025 Notes, as well as $160.0 million of the Company’s unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, were used to (i) repay the remaining $742.0 million in outstanding principal under the Company’s 2015 Ten-Year Notes (refer to Note 5, above) and the remaining $402.7 million in outstanding principal under the Company’s 20187.5-Year Notes (refer to Note 5, above), (ii) prefund a portion of the interest payable on the 2025 Notes and (iii) pay transaction fees and expenses. In connection with the 2025 Refinancing, the Company capitalized $15.4 million of debt issuance costs, which are being amortized into interest expense over thefive andseven-year expected terms of the 2025 Notes.
The legal final maturity date of the 2025 Notes is July 2055, but it is anticipated that, unless earlier prepaid to the extent permitted under the related debt agreements, the 2025 Five-Year Notes will be repaid on or prior to the anticipated repayment date occurring in July 2030, and the 2025 Seven-Year Notes will be repaid on or prior to the anticipated repayment date occurring in July 2032. If the Company has not repaid or refinanced the 2025 Notes prior to the applicable anticipated repayment dates, additional interest of at least 5% per annum will accrue, and the Company’s cash flows other than a weekly management fee to cover certain operating expenses would be directed to the repayment of the securitized debt.
As of September 7, 2025, the 2025 Notes had original scheduled principal payments of $10.0 million in each of 2026 through 2029, $485.0 million in 2030, $5.0 million in 2031 and $470.0 million in 2032. In accordance with the Company’s debt agreements, the payment of principal on the 2025 Notes may be suspended if either the Holdco Leverage Ratio or Senior Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 5.5x total debt to either Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA or Securitized Net Cash Flow, each as defined in the indenture governing the securitized debt, and no catch-up provisions are applicable. In accordance with the Company’s debt agreements, the payment of principal on the 2021 Notes, 2019 Notes, 20189.25-Year Notes and 2017 Ten-Year Notes (refer to Note 5, above) may be suspended if the Holdco Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 5.0x total debt to Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, each as defined in the indenture governing the securitized debt, and no catch-up provisions are applicable. As of the end of thethird quarter of 2025 and the end of the fourth quarter of 2024, the Company satisfied the non-amortization tests for each respective series of notes, and accordingly, the outstanding principal amounts of the notes have been classified as long-term debt in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024.
Concurrent with the 2025 Refinancing, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries also issued a new variable funding note facility which allows for advances of up to $320.0 million of Series 2025-1 Variable Funding Senior Secured Notes, Class A-1 and certain other credit instruments, including letters of credit (the “2025 Variable Funding Notes”). The 2025 Variable Funding Notes were undrawn on the closing date. As of September 7, 2025, the Company hadno outstanding borrowings and$263.6 million of available borrowing capacity under its 2025 Variable Funding Notes, net of letters of credit issued of$56.4 million. In connection with the issuance of the 2025 Variable Funding Notes, the Company’s previous $200.0 million Series 2021-1 and $120.0 million Series 2022-1 variable funding note facilities were canceled.
Interest on the 2025 Variable Funding Notes is payable at a rate equal to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“Term SOFR”) plus 150 basis points. The unused portion of the 2025 Variable Funding Notes is subject to a commitment fee of 50 basis points. It is anticipated that any amounts outstanding under the 2025 Variable Funding Notes will be repaid in full on or prior to July 2030, subject to two additional one-year extensions at the option of the Company, subject to certain conditions. Following the anticipated repayment date (and any extensions thereof), additional interest will accrue on the 2025 Variable Funding Notes equal to 5% per annum.
- Revenue Disclosures
Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities primarily consist of deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees. Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees of$5.0 million and$5.1 million were included in current other accrued liabilities as of September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024, respectively. Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees of$14.9 million and$15.8 million were included in long-term other accrued liabilities as of September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024, respectively.
Changes in deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees for thethree fiscal quarters of 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
| Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | ||
|---|---|---|
| September 7, | September 8, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees, beginning of period | $20,946 | $25,195 |
| Revenue recognized during the period | (4,316) | (4,292) |
| New deferrals due to cash received and other | 3,297 | 2,281 |
| Deferred franchise fees and deferred development fees, end of period | $19,927 | $23,184 |
Advertising Fund Assets
As of September 7, 2025, advertising fund assets, restricted of$135.8 million consisted of$109.6 million of cash and cash equivalents,$17.9 million of accounts receivable and$8.3 million of prepaid expenses. As of September 7, 2025, advertising fund cash and cash equivalents included$3.1 million of cash contributed from U.S. Company-owned stores that had not yet been expended.
As of December 29, 2024, advertising fund assets, restricted of$103.4 million consisted of$80.9 million of cash and cash equivalents,$14.3 million of accounts receivable and$8.2 million of prepaid expenses. As of December 29, 2024, advertising fund cash and cash equivalents included$1.8 million of cash contributed from U.S. Company-owned stores that had not yet been expended.
- Leases
The Company leases certain retail store and supply chain center locations, vehicles, equipment and its corporate headquarters with expiration dates through 2045. Rent expense totaled$21.8 million and$65.9 million in the third quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2025, respectively. Rent expense totaled$21.0 million and$63.2 million in the third quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2024, respectively. Rent expense includes operating lease cost, as well as expense for non-lease components including common area maintenance, real estate taxes and insurance for the Company’s real estate leases. Rent expense also includes the variable rate per mile driven and fixed maintenance charges for the Company’s supply chain center tractors and trailers and expense for short-term rentals. Rent expense for certain short-term supply chain center tractor and trailer rentals was$1.4 million and$5.0 million in the third quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2025, respectively. Rent expense for certain short-term supply chain center tractor and trailer rentals was$1.5 million and$5.4 million in the third quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2024, respectively. Variable rent expense and rent expense for other short-term leases were immaterial in both the third quarter and three fiscal quarters of 2025 and 2024.
The components of operating and finance lease cost for thethird quarters and three fiscal quarters of 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
| Fiscal Quarter Ended | Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| September 7, | September 8, | September 7, | September 8, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |
| Operating lease cost | $11,991 | $11,545 | $36,213 | $34,260 |
| Finance lease cost: | ||||
| Amortization of right-of-use assets | 1,239 | 1,303 | 3,737 | 3,949 |
| Interest on lease liabilities | 844 | 943 | 2,571 | 2,900 |
| Total finance lease cost | $2,083 | $2,246 | $6,308 | $6,849 |
Supplemental cash flow information related to leases for thethree fiscal quarters of 2025 and 2024 were as follows:
| Three Fiscal Quarters Ended | ||
|---|---|---|
| September 7, | September 8, | |
| 2025 | 2024 | |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: | ||
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | $35,123 | $33,693 |
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | 2,571 | 2,900 |
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | 3,022 | 3,014 |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of financing obligation from sale leaseback: | ||
| Operating cash flows from sale leaseback | 792 | 896 |
| Financing cash flows from sale leaseback | 63 | 58 |
| Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: | ||
| Operating leases | 46,300 | 40,800 |
| Finance leases | — | 1,442 |
As of September 7, 2025, the Companyhad additional leases for certain supply chain real estate and certain supply chain vehicles that had not yet commenced with estimated future minimum rental commitments of $161.9 million. These leases are expected to commence in 2025 and 2026 with lease terms of up to 20 years. These undiscounted amounts will be included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at the respective commencement dates.
The Company has guaranteed lease payments related to certain franchisees’ lease arrangements. The maximum amount of potential future payments under these guarantees was$14.1 million and $12.8 million as of September 7, 2025 and December 29, 2024, respectively. The Company does not believe these arrangements have had or are likely to have a material effect on its results of operations, financial condition, revenues, expenses or liquidity.
- Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information
The Company had non-cash investing activities related to accruals for capital expenditures of$4.8 million at September 7, 2025 and$3.1 million at December 29, 2024. The Company had$2.5 million in non-cash financing activity related to accruals for excise taxes on share repurchases as of September 7, 2025. The Company had$3.0 million in non-cash financing activity related to accruals for excise taxes on share repurchases as of December 29, 2024, which was paid in the second quarter of 2025.
- Company-owned Store Transactions
During the second quarter of 2025, the Company refranchised 36 U.S. Company-owned stores in Maryland for proceeds of $8.5 million. Thepre-tax refranchising gain associated with the sale of the related assets and liabilities, including a $1.4 million reduction in goodwill, was$3.9 million and was recorded in refranchising (gain) loss in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.
During the first quarter of 2025, the Company purchasedtwo U.S. franchised stores from one of the Company’s former U.S. franchisees for $0.9 million, which was paid in the second quarter of 2025. The Company recorded $0.3 million of intangibles, $0.1 million of equipment and leasehold improvements and $0.5 million of goodwill.
During each of the first and second quarters of 2024, the Company refranchisedone U.S. Company-owned store for proceeds of less than $0.1 million each. Thepre-tax refranchising losses associated with the sale of the related assets and liabilities, including goodwill, were approximately $0.1 million each and were recorded in refranchising (gain) loss in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income.
- New Accounting Pronouncements
The Company has considered all new accounting standards issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) and adopted the following accounting standard.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”)
In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, which requires disclosure on an annual and interim basis, of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included within the reported measure of segment profit or loss. In addition, the ASU requires disclosure of other segment expenses by reportable segment and a description of their composition to permit the reconciliation between segment revenue, significant segment expenses and the reported segment measure of profit or loss. The ASU also requires disclosure of the title and position of the chief operating decision maker.
On December 29, 2024, the end of the 2024 fiscal year, the Company adopted ASU 2023-07. The relevant interim disclosures are included within Note 2, Segment Information.
Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
The Company has considered all new accounting standards issued by the FASB. The Company has not yet adopted the following accounting standards:
ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires disclosure on an annual basis, a tabular reconciliation, including both amount and percentage of specific categories of the effective tax rate reconciliation, including state and local income taxes (net of Federal taxes), foreign taxes, effects of changes in tax laws and regulations, effects of cross-border tax laws, tax credits, changes in valuation allowances, nontaxable and nondeductible items and changes in unrecognized tax benefits. Additional disclosures are required for certain items exceeding five percent of income from continuing operations multiplied by the statutory income tax rate. The standard also requires disclosure of income taxes paid between Federal, state and foreign jurisdictions, including further disaggregation of those payments exceeding five percent of the total income taxes paid.
ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on the disclosures to its consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (Subtopic 220-40): Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures
In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses (Subtopic 220-40): Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (“ASU 2024-03”), which requires disclosure in the notes to the consolidated financial statements on an annual and interim basis, of the amounts of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation and intangible asset amortization for all expense captions presented on the face of the consolidated statements of income. The standard also requires a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in those expense captions that are not separately disaggregated. The standard also requires disclosure of the composition and amount of selling expenses.
ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual reporting fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, and early adoption is permitted. The standard may be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on the disclosures to its consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software
In September 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Internal-Use Software (“ASU 2025-06”), to modernize the accounting guidance for the costs to develop software for internal use. The standard applies to costs incurred to develop or obtain software for internal use. ASU 2025-06 amends the existing standard that refers to various stages of a software development project to align better with current software development methods, such as agile programming. Under the new standard, entities will commence capitalizing eligible costs when (i) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project, and (ii) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended. The new standard also supersedes the guidance related to costs incurred to develop a website.
ASU 2025-06 guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The guidance can be applied on a prospective basis, a modified basis for in-process projects or on a retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard on its consolidated financial statements.
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