Zapata Quantum, Inc.

Comparison of the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

Revenue

Revenue was $1.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease of $0.3 million was primarily driven by a decrease of $0.5 million from the completion of certain customer contracts that occurred subsequent to March 31, 2023, partially offset by an increase of $0.2 million from ongoing customer contracts.

Cost of revenue was $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to $1.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease of $0.2 million was primarily driven by a $0.1 million decrease in costs related to the retention of subcontractors and a $0.1 million decrease in personnel costs as a result of reduced headcount in 2024.

Operating Expenses

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Sales and marketing expense was $1.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to $1.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease of $0.1 million was primarily driven by a $0.2 million decrease in salaries and benefits costs, partially offset by a $0.1 million increase in business development costs.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expense was $1.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease of $0.7 million was primarily driven by a decrease of $0.4 million in personnel costs related to research and development headcount reductions, a $0.3 million decrease in consulting costs due to a reduction in the number of contractors under hire between December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2024 and a $0.1 million decrease in other research and development operating costs, offset by a $0.1 million increase in software and computing costs.

General and administrative expenses were $2.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase of $0.7 million was primarily driven by a $0.7 million increase in professional services costs.

Other (Expense) Income, Net

We recorded other expense, net of $17.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024, compared to other income of $29 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in Other (expense) income, net of $17.3 million resulted primarily from the loss on issuance of Senior Secured Notes of $9.8 million, the loss on the Forward Purchase Agreement of $4.9 million, an increase of $1.8 million in transaction costs incurred related to the Lincoln Park Purchase Agreement, an increase in interest expense of $0.8 million in connection with our Senior Secured Notes and an increase of $0.1 million resulting from the reimbursement of expenses incurred by Sandia.

Provision for income taxes

The provision for income taxes was not material in either of the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023 and was related to our foreign operations.

Liquidity, Going Concern and Capital Resources

Since our inception, we have financed our operations primarily with proceeds from sales of Convertible Preferred Stock and common stock and the issuance of Convertible Notes. As of March 31, 2024, we had cash and cash equivalents of $7.3 million, excluding our restricted cash. Since our inception through March 31, 2024, we have sold 14,222,580 shares of our Convertible Preferred Stock for aggregate net proceeds of $64.7 million and have received $5.6 million from the issuance of senior promissory notes issued by Legacy Zapata pursuant to the Senior Note Purchase Agreement, which were subsequently exchanged for Senior Secured Notes (the “Senior Notes”) and $8.9 million from the issuance of Senior Secured Notes. Our principal use of cash is to fund our operations and platform development to support our growth.

Senior Secured Notes

In December 2023, prior to the Merger, we entered into a Senior Secured Note Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to issue and sell up to $14.4 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes and offered to exchange our outstanding Senior Notes for Senior Secured Notes. All previously issued Senior Notes were canceled in exchange for Senior Secured Notes with a principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Senior Notes of $5.6 million plus accrued and unpaid interest of $0.6 million, through the date immediately prior to the exchange. We received gross proceeds in cash of $8.9 million from the issuance of Senior Secured Notes, excluding funds received upon the issuance of Senior Notes. In addition, we issued $1.1 million in aggregate principal amount of Senior Secured Notes to third party advisors in lieu of cash payment for services related to the Merger. The Senior Secured Notes bear interest at the compound rate of 15% per annum and are convertible at the option of each noteholder in connection with the Merger at a conversion price of (i) $4.50 per share at the closing of the Merger or (ii) $8.50 per share at any time after the closing of the Merger. The outstanding principal amount of the Senior Secured Notes and all accrued but unpaid interest will be due and payable at the maturity date, December 15, 2026, unless otherwise converted. Upon the closing of the Merger, a portion of the aggregate outstanding Senior Secured Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $14.2 million and associated accrued interest of $0.5 million were converted into shares of our common stock and Senior Secured Notes with an aggregate principal amount of $2.0 million remain outstanding as of March 31, 2024. While any Senior Secured Notes are outstanding, we cannot incur additional indebtedness for borrowed funds, except additional Senior Secured Notes, substantially similar notes or other debt instruments that are pari passu with or subordinate to the Senior Secured Notes.

Notes Payable – Related Parties

To finance transaction costs in connection with the Merger, the sponsor of AAC and certain of AAC’s officers and directors made working capital loans (the “Notes Payable – Related Party”) to AAC prior to the closing of the Merger. The Notes Payable – Related Party would either be repaid upon the consummation of the Merger, without interest, or at AAC’s discretion, up to $1.5 million of such Notes Payable – Related Party could be converted into Private Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per warrant on the date of the Merger (see Note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report).

On March 28, 2024, the terms of the Notes Payable – Related Party were amended, pursuant to which the outstanding principal balance plus the accrued interest of $2.6 million, which was also due per its terms at the closing of the Merger was deferred and became due in monthly installments (including interest accruing from the closing of the Merger through the payment date) for twelve months thereafter beginning thirty days following the effectiveness of the Lincoln Park Registration Statement. The Lincoln Park Registration Statement was declared effective on April 18, 2024. Upon the closing of the Merger, none of the note holders elected to exercise their option of converting their respective loans into warrants. the Notes Payable – Related Party bear interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum. As of March 31, 2024, the outstanding balance of the Notes Payable – Related Party was $2.6 million within our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

On December 19, 2023, prior to the Merger, we entered into a Purchase Agreement with Lincoln Park pursuant to which Lincoln Park agreed to purchase from us, an aggregate of up to $75.0 million of common stock from time to time over a 36-month period following the closing of the Merger. In addition, we must pay Lincoln Park a commitment fee of $1.7 million. See Recent Developments above for additional detail on the Purchase Agreement.

In connection with the Purchase Agreement, we also entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with Lincoln Park, pursuant to which we are obligated to file the Lincoln Park Registration Statement that covers the shares of common stock that are issuable to Lincoln Park under the Purchase Agreement (including the Commitment Shares) with the SEC within 45 days following the closing of the Merger. We filed the Lincoln Park Registration Statement on April 12, 2024. See Recent Developments above for additional detail on the Lincoln Park Registration Statement.

On March 25, 2024, we entered into the Forward Purchase Agreement with Sandia, pursuant to which Sandia purchased, from the open market, 1,000,000 Recycled Shares and 500,000 Additional Shares, which represents the maximum number of shares subject to purchase under the Forward Purchase Agreement, subject to adjustment as described below (the “Maximum Number of Shares”). The number of shares subject to the Forward Purchase Agreement (the “Number of Shares”) is subject to reduction following a termination of the Forward Purchase Agreement with respect to such shares.

Pursuant to the Forward Purchase Agreement, at the closing of the Merger, we prepaid to Sandia (the “Prepayment”), with respect to the Recycled Shares, with proceeds from the trust account, a cash amount equal to the (x) product of the number of Recycled Shares and (y) $10.99 per share, totaling $11.0 million which was paid at the closing of the Merger. With respect to the Additional Shares, a per share amount equal to $10.99 per share was netted against the proceeds from the Additional Shares received from Sandia, resulting in no cash received or paid for the share issuance.

As of March 31, 2024, the reset price (the “Reset Price”) was $10.00 per share and will be subject to reset on a monthly basis (each a “Reset Date”), with the first such Reset Date occurring 180 days after the closing date of the Merger, to be greater of (a) $4.50 and (b) the 30-day volume weighted average price of shares of our common stock immediately preceding such Reset Date. Except as described below, the Reset Price will be reduced immediately to any lower price at which we close any agreement to sell or grants any right to reprice, or otherwise disposes of or issues (or announces any offer, sale, grant or any option to purchase or other disposition of) any shares of our common stock or securities or any of our subsidiaries convertible, exercisable or exchangeable into, or otherwise entitles the holder thereof to receive, shares of our common stock or other securities (a “Dilutive Offering and, such reset, a Dilutive Offering Reset”).

In the event of a Dilutive Offering Reset, the Maximum Number of Shares will be increased to an amount equal to the quotient of (i) 1,500,000 divided by (ii) the quotient of (a) the price of such Dilutive Offering divided by (b) $10.00. In such event, Sandia has the right to purchase more Additional Shares, up to the Maximum Number of Shares, for which we will be required to provide a cash prepayment to Sandia netted against the purchase price for such shares, and such Additional Shares will be subject to the terms of the Forward Purchase Agreement.

To the extent Sandia does not early terminate shares purchased under the Forward Purchase Agreement, as described below, the parties will settle the then-outstanding shares held by Sandia upon the Valuation Date, such date being two years from the closing of the Merger, March 28, 2026, subject to acceleration under certain circumstances, as described in the Forward Purchase Agreement. On the Cash Settlement Payment Date, which is the tenth business day following the last day of the valuation period commencing on the Valuation Date, as described in the Forward Purchase Agreement (the “Valuation Period”), Sandia will pay to us a cash amount equal to (A) the number of shares subject to the Forward Purchase Agreement as of the Valuation Date less the number of unregistered shares, multiplied by (B) the volume-weighted average price over the Valuation Period (the “Settlement Amount”); provided, that if the amount of the Settlement Amount Adjustment (as defined below) payable by us to Sandia is less than the Settlement Amount, then the Settlement Amount Adjustment will be automatically netted from the Settlement Amount and any remaining amount paid in cash. We will pay to Sandia on the Cash Settlement Payment Date an amount (the “Settlement Amount Adjustment”) equal to (1) the Number of Shares as of the Valuation Date multiplied by $2.00 per share if the amount is to be paid in cash, or (2) if the Settlement Amount Adjustment exceeds the Settlement Amount, the Counterparty may at its election pay the Settlement Amount Adjustment to Sandia in shares of our common stock, in an amount equal to the product of the number of shares, including the Recycled Shares and the Additional Shares as of the Valuation Date multiplied by $2.25; provided, that in certain circumstances as described in the Forward Purchase Agreement, including if a Delisting Event (as defined in the Forward Purchase Agreement) occurs during the Valuation Period, such amount must be paid in cash.

In addition, during the term of the Forward Purchase Agreement, Sandia may elect to terminate the transaction in whole or in part by providing a written notice to us, which will specify the quantity by which the number of shares will be reduced (such election, an “Optional Early Termination” and, the shares subject to the Optional Early Termination, the “Terminated Shares”). We shall be entitled to an amount from Sandia, equal to the product of (x) the number of Terminated Shares and (y) the Reset Price, on the date of notice.

We determined that the Optional Early Termination provision and the Variable Maturity Consideration, which is the amount of the Settlement Amount Adjustment in excess of the Settlement Amount as defined above, within the Forward Purchase Agreement are considered as a freestanding financial instrument as the Optional Early Termination and the Variable Maturity Consideration cannot be legally detachable and separately exercisable from each other and meet the definition of a derivative. We recorded the derivative instrument as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, and measured it at fair value of $4.9 million with the initial value of the derivative recorded as a loss on issuance of forward purchase agreement derivative liability in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. No changes in fair value of forward purchase agreement derivative liability were recorded during the three months ended of March 31, 2024 in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, as its initial fair value of $4.9 million approximates the fair value as of March 31, 2024.

The Prepayment Amount is accounted for as a subscription receivable and recorded as a reduction to equity to reflect the substance of the overall arrangement as a net repurchase of the Recycled Shares and the Additional Shares. As of March 31, 2024, we recognized a subscription receivable of $11.0 million associated with the Recycled Shares as a reduction to additional paid-in capital in our condensed consolidated balance sheet, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, and a subscription receivable associated with the Additional Shares was fully offset with the proceeds that Sandia paid for the purchase of these shares, resulting in no cash received or paid for such share issuance.

In addition, we reimbursed Sandia $0.1 million at the closing of the Merger for reasonableout-of-pocket expenses for costs incurred in connection with the transaction, and $0.1 million in expenses incurred in connection with the acquisition of the Recycled Shares. We will also pay to the third party a quarterly fee of $5 thousand in consideration of certain legal and administrative obligations in connection with this transaction.

In April 2024, Sandia elected to terminate the transaction in part by exercising the Optional Early Termination provision under the Forward Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which 250,000 shares were terminated. We received payments totaling $2.5 million under the Optional Early Termination provision prescribed in the Forward Purchase Agreement.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash for each of the periods presented:

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The factors affecting our operating cash flows during this period were our net loss of $22.3 million, partially offset by a net change in our operating assets and liabilities of $2.5 million andnon-cash charges of $17.6 million. Thenon-cash charges primarily consisted of $9.8 million in the loss on issuance of Senior Secured Notes, $0.2 million in stock-based compensation expense, $0.8 million innon-cash interest expense, $0.2 million in non-cash vendor payments, $0.1 million innon-cash lease expense, $1.7 million in equity line of credit commitment expense, and $4.9 million in the loss on the forward purchase contract. The change in operating assets and liabilities was driven by a $2.1 million increase in accounts payable, a $0.8 million decrease in accounts receivable, a $0.7 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets, a $0.6 million increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and othernon-current liabilities, a $0.1 million decrease in deferred revenue and a $0.1 million decrease in operating lease liabilities. The decrease in accounts receivable is due to the timing of billings and collections from customer contracts. The increase in accounts payable was primarily related to the increase in transaction costs and the timing of invoicing and payments of sponsorship fees and professional services fees. The increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets was primarily due to the timing of vendor invoicing and payments for sponsorship fees. The increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and othernon-current liabilities is primarily due to an increase in accrued legal and audit fees and an increase in accrued bonus costs, offset by the payment of sponsorship fees. The decrease in deferred revenue is due to the timing of billings related to customer contracts and the recognition of revenue from customer contracts. The decrease in operating lease liabilities resulted primarily from lease payments.

Net cash used in operating activities was $5.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The factors affecting our operating cash flows during this period were our net loss of $5.1 million, partially offset by a net change in our operating assets and liabilities of $0.4 million andnon-cash charges of $0.2 million. Thenon-cash charges primarily consisted of $0.1 million innon-cash lease expense. The change in operating assets and liabilities was driven by a $0.6 million increase in accounts payable, a $0.5 million decrease in accounts receivable, a $0.6 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets, a $0.5 million decrease in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and othernon-current liabilities, a $0.3 million decrease in deferred revenue and a $0.1 million decrease in operating lease liabilities. The decrease in accounts receivable is due to the timing of billings and collections from customer contracts. The Increase in accounts payable was primarily related to the timing of invoicing and payments of sponsorship fees and professional services fees. The increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets was primarily due to prepayments of sponsorship fees. The decrease in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and othernon-current liabilities is primarily due to the payment of legal, consulting and professional fees. The decrease in deferred revenue is due to the timing of billings related to customer contracts and the recognition of revenue from customer contracts. The decrease in operating lease liabilities resulted primarily from lease payments.

Investing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash used in investing activities was $11 thousand, primarily consisting of purchases of property and equipment. The purchases of equipment during these periods were primarily related to computer equipment purchases.

There were no cash flows from investing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Financing Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, net cash provided by financing activities was $6.1 million, which consisted of $12.6 million in proceeds from the closing of the Merger, $5.9 million in proceeds received from the issuance of Senior Secured Notes, and $0.1 million in proceeds from exercises of stock options, partially offset by the payment of $1.5 million of deferred offering costs and the prepayment of $11.0 million under the Forward Purchase Agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash provided by financial activities was $6 thousand, all of which consisted of proceeds from exercises of stock options.

Off-Balance Sheet Financing Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities which would be consideredoff-balance sheet arrangements during the periods presented. Zapata and Legacy Zapata have not entered into anyoff-balance sheet financing agreements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased anynon-financial assets.

Contractual Obligations and Other Commitments

Leases

As of March 31, 2024, we had future operating lease liabilities of $0.2 million, with payments due in 2024.

License and Collaboration Agreements

During 2018, we entered into an exclusive patent license agreement (the “license agreement”) with a term that continued unless terminated by the licensor or by us. The license agreement contained annual license maintenance fee payments, milestone payments, as well as payments based on a percentage of net sales. Under the license agreement, we issued shares of common stock to the licensor representing four percent of our capital stock on a fully diluted basis.

The license agreement obligated us to pay fixed annual license maintenance fees of $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, and $0.1 million per year thereafter until we or the licensor terminate the license.

The license agreement obligated us to pay fixed milestone payments upon the achievement of certain sales thresholds. The milestone payments total $0.2 million, and the maximum sales threshold was $25.0 million. We did not trigger any payments to the licensor during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

The license agreement obligated us to pay a royalty equal to two percent of net sales. The license agreement also required us to make payments related to any sublicensing agreements, with varying amounts based on the type of sublicense. We did not pay any royalties during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. On February 10, 2023, we terminated the license agreement by written notice to the licensor. Upon termination, all licensing rights held by us under the license agreement were forfeited to the licensor. We did not owe any accrued obligations or payments to the licensor as of the termination of the license agreement or thereafter.

Sponsorship Agreement

During 2022, we entered into a sponsorship agreement with Andretti Global. The total commitment under the sponsorship agreement is $8.0 million and is due and payable over the period of February 2022 through July 2024. The related expenses are amortized by straight-line method over the period. Through March 31, 2024, we paid $3.5 million under the sponsorship agreement and for the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded $0.7 million in sales and marketing expense related to the sponsorship agreement. There was $3.0 million included in accounts payable and $0 included in accrued and other current liabilities as of March 31, 2024 related to the sponsorship agreement. The remaining commitment of $1.5 million will be due and payable from January to July 2024.

On March 28, 2024, we entered into an additional sponsorship agreement with Andretti Autosport 1, LLC, an affiliate of Andretti Global. The agreement expires on December 31, 2024. Subject to the agreement, we have committed to make payments under the sponsorship agreement in an amount totaling $1.0 million, due from July to November 2024.

Notes Payable—Related Parties

Pursuant to a Deferred Payment Agreement dated as of March 28, 2024, we amended the terms of our notes payable to related parties, pursuant to which the aggregate principal balance of the notes plus accrued interest through the closing of the Merger of $2.6 million was deferred at closing and became due in monthly installments (including interest accruing from the closing of the Merger though the payment date) beginning thirty days following the effectiveness of the Lincoln Park Registration Statement. The balance will be payable over a twelve-month term (including interest accruing from the closing of the Merger though the payment date). The Lincoln Park Registration Statement was declared effective on April 18, 2024. The Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 4.5% per annum.

Advisory and Other Agreements

In connection with the Merger, on September 13, 2023, we entered into an agreement with a third party for advisory services. In March 2024, the payment terms were amended to provide for a fee of $1.3 million, to be paid by the issuance of a Senior Secured Note with a principal amount of $1.0 million and the remaining $0.3 million in six monthly installments in cash of $42 thousand per month commencing on May 15, 2024. The third party did not convert the Senior Secured Note into shares of our common stock upon the closing of the Merger.

On February 9, 2024, we entered into an engagement letter with an additional third party, as amended on February 27, 2024. We agreed to pay the third party a non-refundable cash fee of $1.8 million, payable in monthly payments over the Term (as defined in Recent Developments), with $0.3 million of such payment waivable if we voluntarily prepay $1.5 million to the third party prior to December 31, 2024. Upon the closing of the Merger, we recognized $1.8 million as transaction costs, which was recorded as a reduction in additional paid-in capital.

In addition to the aforementioned advisory agreements, we entered into various deferred payment plans for other agreements and amendments with an aggregate amount of $5.2 million. The following table reflects our obligations recorded in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, andnon-current liabilities (in thousands) within the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report. These obligations are expected to be fully repaid by December 31, 2025.

Legal Services Fees

In connection with the Merger, we incurred $4.0 million of deferred legal fees to be paid to AAC’s legal advisors upon consummation of the Merger, which were recorded as deferred legal fees in the historical audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023. On March 26, 2024, we entered into a fee letter for legal services rendered in connection with the Merger, pursuant to which the total fee of $3.3 million will be paid in equal monthly installments of $0.3 million per month over the twelve-month period starting on April 18, 2024.

In accordance with the Purchase Agreement, we must pay Lincoln Park a commitment fee of approximately $1.7 million, which was recorded within other (expense) income, net in the condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and is payable as follows: (i) on the business day prior to the filing of the Lincoln Park Registration Statement, $0.6 million in shares of common stock and (ii) we may elect to pay the remaining $1.1 million amount of the Commitment Fee in either cash or shares of our common stock, with any shares issuable on the business day prior to the filing of the Registration Statement and any cash due within 90 days of the closing date of the Merger.

On April 11, 2024, we issued 712,025 shares of common stock to Lincoln Park as consideration for the Commitment Fee.

In accordance with the Forward Purchase Agreement, we will pay to Sandia on the Cash Settlement Payment Date the Settlement Amount Adjustment as further discussed above in Liquidity, Going Concern and Capital Resources.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

Our management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses incurred during the reporting periods. We base our estimates on historical experience, known trends and events, and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities recorded revenues and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

While our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report, we believe that the following accounting policies are those most critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

In accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, we recognize revenue when we satisfy a performance obligation by transferring goods or services promised in a contract to a customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

We recognize revenue using the following steps: (1) identification of the contract, or contracts with a customer, (2) identification of performance obligations in the contract, (3) determination of the transaction price, (4) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognition of revenue when or as we satisfy the performance obligations.

At contract inception, we assess the goods and services promised in our contracts with customers and identify a performance obligation for each promise, implicit or explicit, to transfer to the customer a good or service (or bundle of goods or services) that is distinct.

We currently earn revenue primarily from subscriptions to our software platform, referred to as the Orquestra Platform, and services. Subscriptions to our Orquestra Platform are currently offered as stand-ready access to our cloud environment on an annual or multi-year basis. Our consulting services may result in either single or multiple performance obligations based on the contractual terms. We may also offer services in the form of stand-ready scientific and software engineering services, which are typically only offered in conjunction with the Orquestra Platform. We evaluate our contracts at inception to determine if the promises represent a single, combined performance obligation, or multiple performance obligations. We allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations identified. Judgment is required to allocate the transaction price to each performance obligation. We utilize a stand-alone selling price methodology based on observable or estimated prices for each performance obligation. We consider market conditions, entity-specific factors, and information about the customer that is reasonably available to the entity when estimating stand-alone selling price for those performance obligations without an observable selling price. Our contracts do not contain rights of return, and any variable consideration as the result of service level agreements has been immaterial. We do not have other contractual terms that give rise to variable consideration.

Revenue from subscriptions to our Orquestra Platform to date have only been sold as access to the platform in our hosted environment and are therefore recognized over the contract term on a ratable basis, as the promise represents a stand-ready performance obligation.

Revenue from consulting services is generally recognized over time. Our contracts typically contain fixed-fee transaction prices. We determine and record a provision for loss contracts at the contract level when the current estimate of total costs of the contract at completion exceeds the total consideration we expect to receive. We have not recorded any provision for loss contracts at March 31, 2024. For consulting services, we measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is generally recognized based on the labor hours expended over time. Through this method, we recognize revenue based on the actual labor hours incurred to date compared to the current estimate of total labors hours to satisfy the performance obligation. This method requires periodic updates to the total estimated hours to complete the contract, and these updates may include subjective assessments and judgments. We had limited contracts, where based on our determination of the enforceability of payment terms, revenue was recognized at a point in time when payment became enforceable.

Revenue from services sold in the form of stand-ready scientific and software engineering services are recognized over the contract term on a ratable basis, as the obligation represent a stand-ready obligation.

Our payment terms vary by contract and do not contain significant financing components. Amounts collected in advance of revenue recognized are recorded as deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Areas of Judgment and Estimation

Our contracts with customers can include multiple promises to transfer goods and services to the customer, which may be provided over one or more specified phases in the contract. Determining whether promises and/or phases are distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately or not distinct within the context of the contract and, thus, accounted for together, requires significant judgment. When customer contracts include promises for multiple goods, services and/or phases, we determine whether the nature of our promise is to transfer (a) multiple promised goods, services and/or phases or (b) a combined item that comprises multiple promised services and/or phases.

For consulting services performance obligations that are satisfied over time, we measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is generally recognized based on the labor hours expended over time. Through this method, we recognize revenue based on the actual labor hours incurred to date compared to the current estimate of total labors hours to satisfy the performance obligation. We believe this method best reflects the transfer of control to the customer. This method requires periodic updates to the total estimated hours to complete the contract, and these updates may include subjective assessments and judgments.

Significant estimates and assumptions are used in the determination of the stand-alone selling price when multiple performance obligations are identified. We utilize a stand-alone selling price methodology based on observable or estimated prices for each performance obligation. We consider market conditions, entity-specific factors, and information about the customer that is reasonably available to the entity when estimating stand-alone selling price for those performance obligations without an observable selling price. Actual results could differ from those estimates and such differences could affect our financial position and results of operations.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

We measure stock-based awards granted to employees, directors, andnon-employees based on their fair value on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model for stock options. Compensation expense for those awards is recognized over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the respective award. Compensation expense for awards tonon-employees with service-based vesting conditions is recognized in the same manner as if we had paid cash in exchange for the goods or services, which is generally the over the vesting period of the award. We use the straight-line method to recognize the expense of awards with service-based vesting conditions. We account for forfeitures of stock- based awards as they occur. As of March 31, 2024, all awards have service-based vesting conditions.

Determination of the Fair Value of Legacy Zapata Common Stock

The fair value of the common stock of Legacy Zapata has been determined by management with consideration to a third-party valuation, which contemplates a broad range of factors, including the illiquid nature of the investment in Legacy Zapata’s common stock, our historical financial performance and financial position, our future prospects and opportunity for liquidity events, and recent sale and offer prices of common and Convertible Preferred Stock, if any, in private transactions negotiated at arm’s length.

Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes

Through March 31, 2024, we have issued $5.6 million in Senior Notes, all of which were canceled and, inclusive of interest of $0.6 million, exchanged for Senior Secured Notes on December 22, 2023, and $10.0 million in Senior Secured Notes to certain lenders. We performed an analysis of all of the terms and features of the Senior Notes and Senior Secured Notes. We elected the Fair Value Option to account for the Senior Notes as we identified embedded derivatives, such as voluntary conversion upon qualified financing, automatic conversion upon a De-SPAC Transaction, defined as a business combination between Legacy Zapata and a special purpose acquisition company, with or without a private investment in public equity (“PIPE”), automatic conversion upon an initial public offering, repayment under a change of control event, and optional conversion under prepayment, all of which would require bifurcation and separate accounting. The Senior Notes were remeasured at fair value at each balance sheet date until they were converted to Senior Secured Notes in December 2023. Changes to the fair value of the Senior Notes was recorded in other (expense) income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. We had also elected the option of combining interest expense and the change in fair value as a single line item within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The analysis of the fair value of the Senior Notes contained inherent assumptions related to the market interest rate, the probability of alternate financing, change of control, initial public offering, De-SPAC Transaction with or without a PIPE, maturity extension, and payment at original maturity. Due to the use of significant unobservable inputs, the overall fair value measurement of the Senior Notes was classified as Level 3.

We account for the Senior Secured Notes at amortized cost, as they were issued at a substantial premium and do not qualify for the Fair Value Option. Legacy Zapata concluded that the optional conversion feature was not required to be bifurcated or separately accounted for as a derivative. Costs related to the issuance of the Senior Secured Notes were recorded as a debt discount as a reduction of the carrying value of the notes and amortized over the term of the notes and are recorded in other (expense) income, net within the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss using the effective interest method.

Upon the closing of the Merger, a portion of the aggregate outstanding Senior Secured Notes converted into 3,257,876 shares of common stock (856,202 to related parties). Upon the conversion of the Senior Secured Notes, the principal balance of the debt of $14.2 million and associated accrued interest of $0.5 million were converted, resulting in an increase in common stock and additional paid-in capital of $14.7 million. Certain holders of the Senior Secured Notes, holding $2.0 million in aggregate principal amount, did not convert their Senior Secured Notes into shares of common stock and are recognized at amortized cost. As of March 31, 2024, the $2.0 million outstanding Senior Secured Notes did not have any associated costs that are being recorded as a debt discount and amortized over the remaining term of the outstanding Senior Secured Notes.

Forward Purchase Agreement Derivative Liability

We utilized a Monte-Carlo simulation to value the Forward Purchase Agreement derivative liability. We determined that the Forward Purchase Agreement contains (i) an Optional Early Termination provision, and (ii) a Variable Maturity Consideration. The Optional Early Termination and the Variable Maturity Consideration, as combined, are considered as a freestanding financial instrument and meet the definition of a derivative instrument. The fair value of the forward purchase agreement derivative liability, consisting of the Optional Early Termination and the Variable Maturity Consideration, was estimated using a Monte-Carlo Simulation in a risk-neutral framework. The fair value of the derivative liability was equal to the difference between the fair value of the Forward Purchase Agreement and the amount of cash receivable at the two-year settlement date, which was calculated as the present value of the initial reset price of $10.00 per share (as defined in the Forward Purchase Agreement) discounted using the term-matched risk-free rate.

Recently Issued and Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

A description of recently issued accounting pronouncements that may potentially impact our financial position and results of operations is disclosed in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this Report.

Emerging Growth Company Status

Zapata Computing Holdings Inc. qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Pursuant to the JOBS Act, an emerging growth company is provided the option to adopt new or revised accounting standards that may be issued by Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or the SEC either (i) within the same periods as those otherwise applicable tonon-emerging growth companies or (ii) within the same time periods as private companies. We intend to take advantage of the exemption for complying with new or revised accounting standards within the same time periods as private companies. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies. We also intend to take advantage of some of the reduced regulatory and reporting requirements applicable to emerging growth companies pursuant to the JOBS Act so long as it qualifies as an emerging growth company, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation and exemptions from the requirements of holdingnon-binding advisory votes on executive compensation and golden parachute payments.