PRA GROUP INC

9. Fair Value:

As defined by ASC Topic 820, "Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures" ("ASC 820"), fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 requires the consideration of different input levels in the determination of fair value, as follows:

•Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

•Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 quoted prices, such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.

•Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The level in the fair value hierarchy within which a fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

In accordance with the disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 825, "Financial Instruments" ("ASC 825"), the table below summarizes fair value estimates of the Company's financial instruments that are not carried at fair value. The total of the fair values presented does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.

The carrying amounts in the table below reflect the amounts recorded in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Disclosure of the estimated fair values of financial instruments often requires the use of estimates. The carrying amount and estimates of the fair value of the Company's debt obligations do not include any related debt issuance costs associated with the debt obligations. The Company uses the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of financial instruments:

Cash equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the instruments and the observable quoted prices for identical assets in active markets. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 1 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Finance receivables, net: The Company estimates the fair value of these receivables using proprietary pricing models that the Company utilizes to make portfolio acquisition decisions. Accordingly, the Company's fair value estimates use Level 3 inputs as there is little observable market data available and management is required to use significant judgment in its estimates.

Interest-bearing deposits: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the deposits and the observable quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 2 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Revolving lines of credit: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the interest rate periods and the observable quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 2 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Term loan: The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the interest rate periods and the observable quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 2 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Senior Notes and Convertible Notes: The fair value estimates for the Senior Notes and Convertible Notes incorporate quoted market prices obtained from secondary market broker quotes, which were derived from a variety of inputs including client orders, information from their pricing vendors, modeling software, and actual trading prices when they occur. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 2 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Financial Instruments Carried At Fair Value

Carrying amounts shown in the following tables were measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (amounts in thousands):

Government securities: Fair value of the Company's investment in government instruments is estimated using quoted market prices. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 1 inputs.

Derivative contracts: Fair value of derivative contracts is estimated using industry standard valuation models. These models project future cash flows and discount the future amounts to a present value using market-based observable inputs, including interest rate curves and other factors. Accordingly, the Company uses Level 2 inputs for its fair value estimates.

Investments Measured Using Net Asset Value ("NAV")

Private equity funds: This class of investments consists of private equity funds that invest primarily in loans and securities, including single-family residential debt; corporate debt products; and financially-oriented, real-estate-rich and other operating companies in the Americas, Western Europe and Japan. The fair value of these private equity funds, following the application of the NAV practical expedient, was $2.5 million and $4.4 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Impairment of Real Estate

During theyear ended December 31, 2023, the Company determined that it would cease call center operations at one of its owned regional offices in the U.S. As a result, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $5.2 million on the associated building and improvements. The impairment was determined by comparing the fair value of the building and improvements to carrying value, as required under ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant, and Equipment". Fair value was based on an appraisal performed by a third-party specialist, which considered Level 2 inputs in the form of prices paid for comparable properties in the same market.