Roivant Sciences Ltd

(Unaudited)

Note 1—Description of Business and Liquidity

(A) Description of Business

Roivant Sciences Ltd. (inclusive of its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company” or “RSL”) aims to improve the lives of patients by accelerating the development and commercialization of medicines that matter. The Company does this by creating nimble subsidiaries or “Vants” to develop and commercialize its medicines and technologies. Beyond therapeutics, the Company also incubates discovery-stage companies and health technology startups complementary to its biopharmaceutical business. The Company was founded on April 7, 2014 as a Bermuda exempted limited company.

The Company has determined that it hasone operating and reporting segment as it allocates resources and assesses financial performance on a consolidated basis. The Company’s subsidiaries are wholly owned subsidiaries and majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries. Refer to Note 4, “Equity Method Investments” for further discussion of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities.

RSL completed its business combination (the “Business Combination”) with Montes Archimedes Acquisition Corp. (“MAAC”), a special purpose acquisition company, on September 30, 2021 and on October 1, 2021 began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “ROIV.”

(B) Liquidity

Historically, the Company has incurred significant operating losses and negative cash flows from operations since its inception. In December 2023, the Company sold its entire equity interest in its majority-owned subsidiary Telavant Holdings, Inc. (“Telavant”). At closing, the Company received approximately $5.2 billion in cash. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of approximately$5.4 billion and its retained earnings was$395.6 million. For the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company incurred net losses from continuing operations of $268.4 million and $489.9 million, respectively. The Company has historically financed its operations primarily through the sale of equity securities, sale of subsidiary interests, debt financings and revenue generated from licensing and collaboration arrangements.

The Company is subject to risks common to companies in the biopharmaceutical industry including, but not limited to, uncertainties related to commercialization of products, regulatory approvals to market its product candidates, dependence on key products, dependence on third-party service providers, such as contract research organizations, and protection of intellectual property rights. Management expects to incur additional losses in the future to fund its operations and conduct product research and development and may require additional capital to fully implement its business plan.

The Company expects its existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities will be sufficient to fund its committed operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of issuance of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(A) Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation

The Company’s fiscal year ends on March 31, and its fiscal quarters end on June 30, September 30, and December 31.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and follow the requirements of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements as certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by U.S. GAAP can be condensed or omitted. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 filed with the SEC. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date. In the opinion of management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, that are considered necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company and its results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the six months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2025, for any other interim period, or for any other future year.

Any references in these notes to applicable accounting guidance are meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and Accounting Standards Updates (“ASU”) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”). The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of RSL and the subsidiaries in which it has a controlling financial interest, most often through a majority voting interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

For consolidated entities where the Company owns or is exposed to less than 100% of the economics, the Company records net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in its unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations equal to the noncontrolling interest’s proportionate share of the respective operations. The Company presents noncontrolling interests as a component of shareholders’ equity on its unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company accounts for changes in its ownership interest in its subsidiaries while control is retained as equity transactions. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest is adjusted to reflect the change in the ownership interest in the subsidiary. Any difference between the fair value of the consideration received or paid and the amount by which the noncontrolling interest is adjusted is recognized within shareholders’ equity attributable to RSL.

In September 2024, the Company’s subsidiary, Dermavant Sciences Ltd. (“Dermavant”) entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with Organon & Co. (“Organon”), Organon Bermuda Ltd., an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Organon (“Merger Sub”), and us, solely in our capacity as the representative of the securityholders of Dermavant. Organon’s acquisition of Dermavant (the “Dermavant Transaction”) was completed in October 2024, subsequent to quarter end. The Company determined that the anticipated acquisition of Dermavant by Organon met the held for sale and discontinued operations accounting criteria in the second fiscal quarter of 2024. Accordingly, the Company classified the results of Dermavant as discontinued operations in its condensed consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented. Additionally, Dermavant’s assets and liabilities are classified as held for sale and discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated balance sheets for all periods presented. The cash flows related to discontinued operations have not been segregated and are included in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. The discussions in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements relate solely to the Company’s continuing operations, unless otherwise noted. For further discussion of the discontinued operation related to Dermavant, refer to Note 6, “Discontinued Operations.”

(B) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The Company regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions related to assets, liabilities, costs, expenses, contingent liabilities, share-based compensation and research and development costs. The Company bases its estimates and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(C) Concentrations

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk include cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities. The Company maintains cash deposits, cash equivalents, and marketable securities in highly-rated, federally-insured financial institutions in excess of federally insured limits. The Company has established guidelines relative to diversification and maturities to maintain safety and liquidity. The Company has not experienced any credit losses related to these financial instruments and does not believe that it is exposed to any significant credit risk related to these instruments.

(D) Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash deposits in banks and all highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash. The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents consist of amounts invested in money market funds and United States (“U.S.”) Treasury securities.

Cash as reported in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of cash flows includes the aggregate amounts of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash as presented on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets as follows (in thousands):

Cash and restricted cash held by Dermavant are included in assets of discontinued operations at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. Refer to Note 6, “Discontinued Operations” for further details.

(E) Marketable Securities

The Company considers all highly liquid investments in securities with original maturities of greater than three months at the time of purchase to be marketable securities. Marketable securities consist of amounts invested in U.S. Treasury securities. As of September 30, 2024, all of the Company’s marketable securities had maturities less than one year from the date of purchase. All of the Company’s marketable securities are classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has the ability and intent to hold to maturity and are reported at amortized cost. Interest income is recorded as earned within “Interest income” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

(F) Contingencies

The Company may be, from time to time, a party to various disputes and claims arising from normal business activities. The Company continually assesses any litigation or other claims it may confront to determine if an unfavorable outcome would lead to a probable loss or reasonably possible loss which could be estimated. The Company accrues for all contingencies at the earliest date at which the Company deems it probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of such liability can be reasonably estimated. If the estimate of a probable loss is a range and no amount within the range is more likely than another, the Company accrues the minimum of the range. In the cases where the Company believes that a reasonably possible loss exists, the Company discloses the facts and circumstances of the contingent loss, including an estimable range, if possible.

(G) Investments

Investments in equity securities for which the Company does not have control or significant influence may be accounted for using (i) the fair value option, if elected, (ii) fair value through earnings, if fair value is readily determinable or (iii) for equity investments without readily determinable fair values, the measurement alternative to measure at cost adjusted for any impairment and observable price changes, as applicable. The election to use the measurement alternative is made for each eligible investment.

The Company has elected the fair value option to account for certain investments over which the Company has significant influence. The Company believes the fair value option best reflects the underlying economics of the investment. See Note 4, “Equity Method Investments.”

(H) Fair Value Measurements

The Company utilizes fair value measurement guidance prescribed by U.S. GAAP to value its financial instruments. The guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy for financial instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from sources independent of the Company. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions about the inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability and are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. Fair value is defined as the exchange price, or exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, the guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy that distinguishes among the following:

To the extent the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The Company’s financial instruments include shares of common stock of Arbutus Biopharma Corporation (“Arbutus”); Class A units of Heracles Parent, L.L.C. (“Datavant”); liability instruments issued, including the earn-out shares liabilities issued in connection with the Company’s business combination with MAAC (as discussed in Note 12, “Earn-Out Shares”); its investments in other entities; cash; cash equivalents, consisting of money market funds and U.S. Treasury securities; marketable securities, consisting of U.S. Treasury securities; and accounts payable.

The shares of Arbutus common stock and investments in common stock with a readily determinable fair value are classified as Level 1, and their fair value is determined based upon quoted market prices in an active market. The Class A units of Datavant and liability instruments issued are classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy as the assumptions and estimates used in the valuations are unobservable in the market. Cash and accounts payable are stated at their respective historical carrying amounts, which approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Money market funds are included in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy and are valued at the closing price reported by an actively traded exchange. Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost.

(I) Significant Accounting Policies

There were no significant changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies from those disclosed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024.

(J) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The Company did not adopt any material accounting pronouncements duringthe six months ended September 30, 2024.

(K) Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB or other standard setting bodies that the Company adopts as of the specified effective date.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures,” which updates reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. This ASU is applicable to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025, and subsequent interim periods, with early adoption permitted. These amendments should be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures,” which includes updates to the income tax disclosures related to the rate reconciliation and disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and are applicable to the Company’s fiscal year beginning April 1, 2025, with early adoption permitted. The amendments should be applied prospectively, however retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3—Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Marketable Securities

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Cash held by Dermavant is included in assets of discontinued operations at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. Refer to Note 6, “Discontinued Operations” for further details.

The following table summarizes the unrealized positions for the Company’s held-to-maturity securities (in thousands):

The Company classified its marketable securities as Level 2 measurements within the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2024, the contractual maturities of all marketable securities were less than 12 months.

Note 4—Equity Method Investments

The Company maintains equity method investments in certain entities. As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the most significant of these werethe Company’s investments in Arbutus and Datavant, which are accounted for using the fair value option.

The Company determined that it does not control these entities and as a result does not consolidate these entities. Due to the Company’s significant influence over operating and financial policies of these entities, the entities are considered related parties of the Company.

Investment in Arbutus

The Company holds an investment in Arbutus in the form of 38,847,462 common shares of Arbutus. As of September 30, 2024, RSL held approximately 21% of issued and outstanding shares of Arbutus.

At September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the aggregate fair value of the Company’s investment in Arbutus was$149.6 million and$100.2 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized unrealized gains of$29.5 million and $49.3 million on its investment in Arbutus, respectively, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized unrealized losses of $10.5 million and $38.8 million on its investment in Arbutus, respectively, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations . The fair value of the Company’s investment was determined using the closing price of Arbutus’s common stock on September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 of $3.85 and $2.58, respectively.

Summarized consolidated financial information of Arbutus is as follows (in thousands):

Investment in Datavant

The Company holds an investment in Class A units of Datavant. As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s minority equity interest represented approximately 9% of the outstanding Class A units in Datavant. Datavant’s capital structure includes several classes of preferred units that, among other features, have liquidation preferences and conversion rights. Upon conversion of such preferred units into Class A units, the Company’s ownership interest would be diluted.

Asof September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company’s investment was$161.8 million and$147.5 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized unrealized gains of$18.9 million and $14.3 million on its investment in Datavant, respectively, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized unrealized losses of $35.1 million and $14.3 million on its investment in Datavant, respectively, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The fair value of the Company’s investment was determined using valuation models that incorporate significant unobservable inputs and is classified as a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. Refer to Note 13, “Fair Value Measurements” for more information.

Note 5—Recent Transactionsand Developments

Telavant Disposition

On December 14, 2023 (the “Transaction Date”), the Company completed the sale of its entire equity interest in its majority-owned subsidiary Telavant to Roche Holdings, Inc. (“Roche”) (the “Roche Transaction”). The Roche Transaction was made pursuant to a Stock Purchase Agreement dated October 22, 2023 among the Company, Telavant, Pfizer Inc. (“Pfizer”), and Roche (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”). Telavant was jointly formed by the Company and Pfizer in November 2022 to develop and commercialize RVT-3101, an anti-TL1A antibody in development for ulcerative colitis (“UC”) and Crohn’s disease, in the U.S. and Japan. Prior to the Roche Transaction, the Company held 75% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock and preferred stock of Telavant, and Pfizer owned the remaining 25%, in each case on an as-converted basis.

Pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, Roche acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Telavant in exchange for approximately $7.1 billion in cash at the closing of the Roche Transaction and a one-time milestone payment of $150 million in cash payable upon the initiation of a Phase 3 trial in UC. The $7.1 billion in closing consideration was paid to all of Telavant’s equity holders, including holders of restricted stock units, on a pro rata basis relative to their ownership of Telavant prior to the closing of the Roche Transaction, and this same treatment applies to the one-time milestone payment. The Company received an upfront payment of approximately $5.2 billion in cash as its pro rata portion of the consideration upon closing of the Roche Transaction.

In June 2024, the one-time milestone was achieved. Accordingly, the Company received $110.4 million in cash for its pro rata portion of the milestone payment in August 2024. The Company recognized a gain on sale of Telavant net assets of $110.4 million related to the one-time milestone payment during the six months ended September 30, 2024.

Note 6—Discontinued Operations

In September 2024, Dermavant entered into the Merger Agreement with Organon, Merger Sub, and us, solely in our capacity as the representative of the securityholders of Dermavant. Organon’s acquisition of Dermavant was completed in October 2024, subsequent to quarter end.

Organon agreed to acquire Dermavant for aggregate cash consideration comprising (i) a payment of $175.0 million payable at the closing of the Dermavant Transaction, subject to certain adjustments, (ii) a $75.0 million milestone payment payable upon FDA approval of VTAMA (the “Product”) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and (iii) up to $950.0 million in additional milestone payments payable upon achievement of certain tiered net sales amounts with respect to the Product, each less than or equal to $1.0 billion. Additionally, Organon agreed to make tiered royalty payments of (x) low-to-mid single digit percentages with respect to annual net sales of the Product up to $1.0 billion and (y)30% with respect to annual net sales of the Product above $1.0 billion. Such consideration and royalty payments are payable to all of Dermavant’s equity holders, including holders of restricted stock units, options and warrants, on a pro rata basis relative to their ownership of Dermavant prior to the closing of the Dermavant Transaction (in each case, after giving effect to the liquidation preference of Dermavant’s preference shares, all of which are held by the Company, and otherwise in accordance with the applicable terms of such securities). Under the liquidation preference of Dermavant’s preference shares, the Company is entitled to receive 100% of the first $270.0 million of consideration paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The Company received $183.6 million in cash in October 2024 upon the closing of the Dermavant Transaction.

As contemplated by the Merger Agreement, in connection with the closing of the Dermavant Transaction, Dermavant repaid all amounts outstanding or otherwise payable (including accrued interest and all premiums and exit fees) pursuant to a senior secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), dated as of May 14, 2021 and amended as of May 24, 2024, by and among Dermavant, certain subsidiaries of Dermavant, XYQ Luxco S.A.R.L. and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, and terminated the Credit Facility in accordance with its terms.

Following the closing of the Dermavant Transaction, all rights and obligations under each of (A) the Revenue Interest Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2021 and amended as of May 24, 2024, by and among Dermavant, Dermavant Sciences GmbH, XYQ Luxco S.A.R.L., NovaQuest Co-Investment Funds XVII, L.P., MAM Tapir Lender, LLC and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association and (B) the Funding Agreement, dated as of July 10, 2018 and amended as of May 24, 2024, by and among Dermavant, Dermavant Sciences GmbH and NovaQuest Co-Investment Fund VIII, L.P. were retained by Dermavant and its subsidiaries, which became indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Organon.

As a result of the Dermavant Transaction, the Company accounted for the assets and liabilities of Dermavant as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. Assets and liabilities of Dermavant are presented as “Current assets of discontinued operations,” “Noncurrent assets of discontinued operations,” “Current liabilities of discontinued operations,” and “Noncurrent liabilities of discontinued operations” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024. All assets and liabilities of Dermavant were classified as current as of September 30, 2024 based on the anticipated completion date of the acquisition.

Financial results of Dermavant are presented as “(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

The following table presents components of discontinued operations included in “(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax” (in thousands):

The following table presents the major classes of Dermavant’s assets and liabilities that were reclassified as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations (in thousands):

In the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows, the cash flows from discontinued operations are not separately classified. The following table summarizes significant non-cash operating and investing items from discontinued operations (in thousands):

Note 7—Certain Balance Sheet Components

(A) Other Current Assets

Other current assets at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 consisted of the following (in thousands):

(B) Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 consisted of the following (in thousands):

(C) Other Current Liabilities

Other current liabilities at September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024 consisted of the following (in thousands):

Note 8—Shareholders’ Equity

(A) At-the-Market Equity Offering Program

On September 19, 2022, the Company entered into a sales agreement with Cowen and Company, LLC (“Cowen”) to sell its common shares having an aggregate offering price of up to $400.0 million from time to time through an “at-the-market” equity offering program under which Cowen acts as the Company’s agent (the “ATM Facility”).

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $400.0 million of remaining capacity available under the ATM Facility.

(B) Share Repurchase Program

The Company’s board of directors authorized a common share repurchase program, allowing for repurchases of common shares in an aggregate amount of up to $1.5 billion (excluding fees and expenses). The repurchase program is funded by available cash and cash equivalents on hand and does not have an expiration date. In April 2024, pursuant to the share repurchase program, the Company entered into a share repurchase agreement with Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. (“Sumitomo”) and repurchased all 71,251,083 common shares held by Sumitomo at a purchase price per share of $9.10, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $648.4 million. Repurchases of an additional 9,023,658 shares were made in open market transactions under the share repurchase program in the three months ended September 30, 2024 for an aggregate purchase price of approximately$106.1 million.

Note 9—Share-Based Compensation

(A) RSL Equity Incentive Plans

RSL hasthree equity incentive plans: the Roivant Sciences Ltd. 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “RSL 2021 EIP”), the Roivant Sciences Ltd. Amended and Restated 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, and the Roivant Sciences Ltd. Amended and Restated 2015 Restricted Stock Unit Plan (collectively, the “RSL Equity Plans”). The RSL 2021 EIP was approved and adopted in connection with the Business Combination and became effective immediately prior to closing. At September 30, 2024, a total of 42,237,212 common shares were available for future grants under the RSL 2021 EIP.

Stock Options and Performance Stock Options

Activity for stock options and performance stock options under the RSL Equity Plans for the six months ended September 30, 2024 was as follows:

Restricted Stock Units and Performance Stock Units

Activity for restricted stock units(“RSUs”) and performance stock units under the RSL Equity Plans for the six months ended September 30, 2024 was as follows:

Multi-Year Incentive Compensation Program

In July 2024, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved a multi-year incentive compensation program for each of Matthew Gline, Chief Executive Officer; Mayukh Sukhatme, President and Chief Investment Officer; and Eric Venker, President and Chief Operating Officer (the “2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program”). The program primarily consists of two key components: (i) one-time cash retention awards (refer to Note 11, “Commitments and Contingencies” for further details regarding the one-time cash retention awards) and (ii) long-term equity incentive awards granted in the form of performance restricted stock units (“PSUs”) with both a performance- and a time-vesting component, time-vesting restricted stock units, and time-vesting stock options.

A summary of the long-term equity incentive awards approved is as follows:

The stock options and performance stock options table above includes the stock options granted to Dr. Venker pursuant to the 2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program with a total grant date fair value of $2.9 million. The RSUs and PSUs table above includes the RSUs granted to Mr. Gline, Dr. Sukhatme, and Dr. Venker and PSUs granted to Mr. Gline and Dr. Sukhatme pursuant to the 2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program with total grant date fair values of $51.8 million and $278.2 million, respectively.

The PSUs granted to Mr. Gline and Dr. Sukhatme consist ofsix vesting tranches, with the number of PSUs allocated to each such tranche set forth in the table below. Each tranche of PSUs will vest on the first date that both of the “Service Condition” and the “Performance Condition” applicable to such tranche has been satisfied. The “Performance Condition” will be deemed satisfied for each tranche on the first date, during the performance period ending on thefive-year anniversary of the grant date (the “Performance Period”), when the Company’s trailing 30-day volume weighted average trading price per share (“30-Day VWAP”) for trading days during the Performance Period exceeds the specified share price hurdle set forth in the table below:

The “Service Condition” with respect to each tranche will be deemed satisfied on the first anniversary of the date on which the Performance Condition is first satisfied with respect to such tranche, subject to the executive’s continuous service through such anniversary. Following the achievement of the Service Condition and the vesting of any tranche of the PSUs, the common shares underlying the applicable vested tranche of PSUs are subject to a furthertwo-year holding period before such common shares may be sold by theexecutive (subject to certain exceptions).

The Company estimated the fair value of the PSUs on the date of grant using a Monte Carlo simulation applying the assumptions in the following table:

As the PSUs are subject to the market performance of the Company’s stock price, share-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately satisfied, subject to continued service over theperiod. The Company recognized share-based compensation related to PSUs of $21.9 million during the three andsix months ended September 30, 2024. At September 30, 2024, total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested PSUs granted pursuant to the 2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program was $256.3 million. The Company has not recognized share-based compensation expense for potential PSU awards to Dr. Venker as these have not been granted by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors.

The grant date fair value of the PSUs is sensitive to the expected stock price volatility of the Company’s shares. The Company selected a volatility estimate of 70.0% based on the observed historical volatility of the Company’s shares. If a higher volatility estimate of 80% were selected, the total grant date fair value of the PSUs would be approximately $292.9 million. If a lower volatility estimate based on the implied volatility of the Company’s shares of 41.6% were selected, the total grant date fair value of the PSUs would be approximately $202.4 million. If a volatility estimate based on an average of the historical and implied volatility of 55.8% were selected, the total grant date fair value of the PSUs would be approximately $247.3 million.

Capped Value Appreciation Rights

March 2020 CVAR Grants

Asof September 30, 2024,17,548,368 capped value appreciation rights(“CVARs”) granted in March 2020 remain outstanding. These CVARs had met the service vesting condition as of September 30, 2024 but have not satisfied their applicable hurdle price on an applicable hurdle measurement date. Such CVARs will be earned if the hurdle price is satisfied on a hurdle measurement date, being March 30, prior to the expiration date of March 31, 2026.

November 2021 CVAR Grants

Activity for CVARs granted in November 2021 under the RSL 2021 EIP for the six months ended September 30, 2024 was as follows:

During the six months ended September 30, 2024,585,769 common shares were issued upon their settlement.

(B) Subsidiary Equity Incentive Plans

Certain subsidiaries of RSL adopt their own equity incentive plan (“EIP”). Each EIP is generally structured so that the applicable subsidiary, and its affiliates’ employees, directors, officers, and consultants are eligible to receive non-qualified and incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted share awards, restricted stock unit awards, and other share awards under their respective EIP. The Company recorded share-based compensation expense of $13.9 million and $28.6 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, and $11.8 million and $23.7 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, related to subsidiary EIPs.

Note 10—Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2024 was (5.6)% and (10.0)%, respectively, and the effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2023 was (1.3)% and (1.0)%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the six months ended September 30, 2024 is driven by the Company’s gain on sale of Telavant’s net assets, which qualifies for the substantial shareholding exemption in the U.K. and consequently is not subject to the corporation income tax, as well as earnings by jurisdiction and a valuation allowance that eliminates the Company’s global net deferred tax assets. For all other periods disclosed, the effective tax rate is driven by the Company’s jurisdictional earnings by location and a valuation allowance that eliminates the Company’s global net deferred tax assets.

The Company assesses the realizability of its deferred tax assets at each balance sheet date based on available positive and negative evidence in order to determine the amount which is more likely than not to be realized and records a valuation allowance as necessary.

Note 11—Commitments and Contingencies

(A) Commitments

Lease Commitments

The Company has leases, consisting primarily of real estate leases. Refer to Note 13, “Leases” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 for further information regarding the Company’s lease commitments.

In September 2024, the Company’s subsidiary, Roivant Sciences, Inc. (“RSI”), entered into a lease agreement (the “RSI Lease Agreement”) with One Penn Plaza LLC for office space in New York, NY to serve as the future U.S. corporate headquarters of RSI. The RSI Lease Agreement has an expected commencement date on or after December 14, 2024 and will expire on or after July 31, 2041 with an option to extend. The approximate future minimum obligation under this lease is $115.0 million, and RSI is eligible to receive a credit of $1.8 million. As of September 30, 2024, a lease commencement date in accordance with ASC 842, Leases, had not occurred. As such, no lease liability or right-of-use asset relating to the RSI Lease Agreement has been recorded.

Other Commitments

The Company has entered into commitments under various asset acquisition and license agreements. Under these agreements, the Company is required to make milestone payments upon successful completion and achievement of certain development, regulatory and commercial milestones. The payment obligations under the asset acquisition and license agreements are contingent upon future events, such as the achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial milestones, and the Company will be required to make milestone payments and royalty payments in connection with the sale of products developed under these agreements. Refer to Note 14, “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2024 for further information regarding certain key asset acquisition and license agreements. There have been no material changes to the key asset acquisition and license agreements relating to continuing operations during the six months ended September 30, 2024. The Company has further commitments relating to other asset acquisition and license agreements entered and expects to enter into additional asset acquisition and license agreements in the future, which may require upfront payments and long-term commitments of capital resources.

Additionally, the Company enters into agreements with contract service providers to assist in the performance of its research and development activities. Expenditures to contract research organizations and contract manufacturing organizations represent significant costs in the clinical development of its product candidates. Subject to required notice periods and certain obligations under binding purchase orders, the Company can elect to discontinue the work under these agreements at any time. The Company expects to enter into additional collaborative research, contract research, manufacturing, and supplier agreements in the future, which may require upfront payments and long-term commitments of capital resources.

In November 2021, the Company’s subsidiary, Immunovant, entered into a Product Service Agreement (“PSA”) with Samsung Biologics Co., Ltd. (“Samsung”), pursuant to which Samsung will manufacture and supply Immunovant with batoclimab drug substance for commercial sale, if approved, and perform other manufacturing-related services with respect to batoclimab. Upon execution of the PSA, Immunovant committed to purchase process performance qualification batches of batoclimab and pre-approval inspection batches of batoclimab which may be used for regulatory submissions and, pending regulatory approval, commercial sale. In addition, Immunovant has a minimum obligation to purchase further batches of batoclimab in thefour-year period of 2026 through 2029. As of September 30, 2024, the remaining minimum purchase commitment related to this agreement was estimated to be approximately $43.6 million.

Cash Bonus Program

During the year ended March 31, 2024, the Company approved a special one-time cash retention bonus award to its employees in the aggregate amount of $79.7 million (the “Cash Bonus Program”). During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized general and administrative expense and research and development expense of $6.6 million and $1.9 million, respectively, and during the six months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized general and administrative expense and research and development expense of $13.5 million and $3.7 million, respectively, relating to the Cash Bonus Program.

Multi-Year Incentive Compensation Program

Pursuant to the 2024 Senior Executive Compensation Program, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the following one-time cash retention awards in July 2024:

Mr. Gline and Dr. Venker received 75% of their respective cash retention awards as of September 30, 2024. The remaining 25% of the award will vest and become payable on or about September 19, 2025, in each case subject to the executive’s continuous service through the applicable vesting date.

The cash retention award provided to Dr. Sukhatme was paid in full as of September 30, 2024. If a Recoupment Event (as defined below) occurred on or prior to September 30, 2024, Dr. Sukhatme would have been required to repay to the Company $30.0 million of the retention award. If a Recoupment Event (as defined below) occurs on or prior to September 30, 2025 (but on or after October 1, 2024), Dr. Sukhatme will be required to repay to the Company $15.0 million of the retention award. A “Recoupment Event” will be deemed to occur if (x) Dr. Sukhatme’s employment in good standing is terminated or otherwise ceases for any reason (except as provided in the following sentence) or (y) Dr. Sukhatme breaches any of his restrictive covenant obligations. In the event Dr. Sukhatme’s employment is terminated by the Company without “cause” (as defined in Dr. Sukhatme’s employment agreement) or due to death or disability, no portion of the cash retention award will be subject to repayment, provided that Dr. Sukhatme executes and does not revoke a release of claims. There was no Recoupment Event as of September 30, 2024.

As a result of the cash retention rewards, the Company recognized general and administrative expense of $79.1 million during the three and six months ended September 30, 2024. The remaining portion of $14.6 million as of September 30, 2024 will be recognized over the applicable service periods.

(B) Loss Contingencies

The Company may be, from time to time, a party to various disputes and claims arising from normal business activities. The Company accrues for loss contingencies when available information indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated, and if the Company believes that a reasonably possible loss exists, the Company discloses the facts and circumstances of the litigation or claim, including an estimable range, if possible.

(C) Indemnification Agreements

The Company is a party to a number of agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business that contain typical provisions that obligate the Company to indemnify the other parties to such agreements upon the occurrence of certain events. The aggregate maximum potential future liability of the Company under such indemnification provisions is uncertain. The Company also indemnifies each of its directors and officers for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited; however, the Company currently maintains director and officer liability insurance, which may cover certain liabilities arising from the Company’s obligation to indemnify its directors and officers. To date, the Company has not incurred any material costs related to these indemnification obligations and has not accrued any liabilities related to such obligations in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024.

Note 12—Earn-Out Shares

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company issued the following:

The Vesting Period commenced on November 9, 2021 and ends no later than September 30, 2026 (the “Vesting Period”). The Vesting Period will, if a definitive purchase agreement with respect to a Sale (as defined in the Sponsor Support Agreement) is entered into on or prior to the end of such period, be extended to the earlier of one day after the consummation of such Sale and the termination of such definitive transaction agreement, and if a Sale occurs during such Vesting Period, then all of the Earn-Out Shares unvested as of such time will automatically vest immediately prior to the consummation of such Sale. If any Earn-Out Shares have not vested on or prior to the end of such Vesting Period, then such Earn-Out Shares will be forfeited.

The Earn-Out Shares require liability classification and are classified as “Liability instruments measured at fair value” on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Earn-Out Shares liability is subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date with changes in fair value recognized in the Company’s statements of operations. As of September 30, 2024, no Earn-Out Shares have vested.

The Earn-Out Shares are subject to certain lock-up agreements pursuant to which, among other things, the MAAC Sponsor and each of MAAC’s independent directors (the “MAAC Independent Directors”)have agreed not to effect any sale or distribution of the Company’s common shares during the applicable lock-up period, subject to customary exceptions. The lock-up periods applicable to the Company’s common shares, including Earn-Out Shares, held by the MAAC Sponsor and MAAC Independent Directors as of immediately following the closing of the Business Combination (the “Closing”) are (i) with respect to 25% of the Company’s common shares held by the MAAC Sponsor and MAAC Independent Directors, six months following the Closing, which expired on March 30, 2022, (ii) with respect to an additional 25% of the Company’s common shares held by the MAAC Sponsor and MAAC Independent Directors, the earlier of twelve months following the achievement of certain price-based vesting restrictions or six years from the Closing and (iii) with respect to 50% of the Company’s common shares held by the MAAC Sponsor and MAAC Independent Directors, thirty-six months following the Closing, which expired on September 30, 2024.

Note 13—Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following table sets forth the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, by level, within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):

There were no transfers of assets between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value measurement hierarchy that occurred during the six months ended September 30, 2024.

Level 3 Disclosures

The Company measures its Level 3 assets and liabilities at fair value based on significant inputs not observable in the market, which causes them to be classified as a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The valuation of the Level 3 assets and liabilities uses assumptions and estimates the Company believes would be made by a market participant in making the same valuation. The Company assesses these assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis as additional data impacting the assumptions and estimates are obtained. Changes in the fair value related to updated assumptions and estimates are recorded within the statements of operations at the end of each reporting period.

The fair value of Level 3 assets and liabilities may change significantly as additional data are obtained, impacting the Company’s assumptions regarding probabilities of potential scenarios used to estimate fair value. In evaluating this information, considerable judgment is required to interpret the data used to develop the assumptions and estimates. Accordingly, the use of different market assumptions and/or different valuation techniques may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts, and such changes could materially impact the Company’s results of operations in future periods.

The changes in fair value of the Level 3 assets during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

The changes in fair value of the Level 3 liabilities during the six months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Investment in Datavant

The Company elected the fair value option to account for the investment in Datavant. The estimate of fair value for this investment was determined using the income approach and implementation of the option pricing method (“OPM”). The OPM allows for the allocation of a company’s equity value among the various equity capital owners (preferred and common shareholders). The OPM uses the preferred shareholders’ liquidation preferences, participation rights, dividend policy, and conversion rights to determine how proceeds from a liquidity event shall be distributed among the various ownership classes at a future date. The fair value was calculated using significant unobservable inputs including the following:

Earn-Out Shares

The fair value of the Earn-Out Shares issued as part of the Business Combination was calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation method under the income approach. Refer to Note 12, “Earn-Out Shares” for additional details. Significant unobservable inputs used to calculate the fair value of the Earn-Out Shares included the following:

As of September 30, 2024 and March 31, 2024, the fair value of the Earn-Out Shares was $23.8 million and $22.0 million, respectively. Earn-Out Shares were included in “Liability instruments measured at fair value” in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Note 14—Net (Loss) Income per Common Share

Basic net (loss) income per common share is computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to Roivant Sciences Ltd. by the weighted-average number of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net (loss) income per common share is computed by dividing the net (loss) income attributable to Roivant Sciences Ltd. by the diluted weighted-average number of common stock outstanding during the period.

For periods of loss from continuing operations, diluted loss per share is calculated similar to basic loss per share as the effect of including all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive. All outstanding common stock equivalents have been excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share because their effect was anti-dilutive due to the net loss from continuing operations.

As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, the following potentially dilutive common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net (loss) income per common share:

Note 15—Subsequent Events

Organon’s acquisition of Dermavant was completed in October 2024. Refer to Note 6, “Discontinued Operations” for further details.