ILLUMINA, INC.

Our effective tax rate may vary from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate due to the change in the mix of earnings in tax jurisdictions with different statutory rates, benefits related to tax credits, and the tax impact of non-deductible expenses and other permanent differences between income (loss) before income taxes and taxable income.

Our effective tax rate for Q3 2025 and YTD 2025 was 31.8% and 27.2%, respectively, compared to 2.1% and (3.2)% in Q3 2024 and YTD 2024, respectively. The variance from the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21% in Q3 2025 and YTD 2025 was primarily due to the implications of the U.S. tax legislation that was signed on July 4, 2025, which included changes to no longer require capitalization of U.S. based research and development expenses. While the changes from the recent U.S. tax legislation were favorable, based on the available evidence, the increased U.S. tax deductions resulted in a determination that it is more likely than not the future realization of deferred tax assets associated with certain U.S. foreign tax credits may not be achieved. Therefore, a valuation allowance of $42 million was recorded as a one-time adjustment in Q3 2025 against the deferred tax assets associated with certain U.S. foreign tax credits that were generated in prior years that were not previously utilized. The tax rate in Q3 2025 and YTD 2025 was favorably impacted by the mix of earnings in jurisdictions with lower statutory tax rates than the U.S. federal statutory tax rate, such as Singapore.

As of September 28, 2025 and December 29, 2024, prepaid income taxes, included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, were $53 million and $74 million, respectively.