Westrock Coffee Co

Note 4. Revenue

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606)

We measure revenue based on the consideration specified in the client arrangement, and revenue is recognized when the performance obligations in the client arrangement are satisfied. Our principal source of revenue is from the procurement, trade, manufacture, and distribution of coffee, tea and extracts to customers in the United States, Europe, and Asia.

The transaction price of a contract, net of discounts and expected returns, is allocated to each distinct performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price of the obligation and is recognized as revenue when the performance obligation is satisfied. The standalone selling price is the estimated price we would charge for the good or service in a separate transaction with similar customers in similar circumstances. Identifying distinct performance obligations and determining the standalone selling price for each performance obligation within a contract requires management judgment.

Substantially all our client contracts require that we be compensated for services performed to date. This is upon completion of production, shipment of goods or upon delivery to the customer, depending on contractual terms. Shipping and handling costs paid by the customer to us are included in revenue and costs incurred by us for shipping and handling activities that are performed after a customer obtains control of the product are accounted for as fulfillment costs. In addition, we exclude from net revenue and costs of sales taxes assessed by governmental authorities on revenue-producing transactions. Although we occasionally accept returns of products from our customers, historically returns have not been material.

At times, the Company may enter into agreements in which its SS&T segment will sell inventory to a third party, from whom the Company’s Beverage Solutions segment has an obligation to repurchase. Such transactions are accounted for as financing transactions in accordance with ASC 606. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had$0 and$0.6 million, respectively, of such repurchase agreement obligations, collateralized by the corresponding inventory, that are recorded within accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Net cash flows associated with these repurchase agreements are reported as financing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Revenue from Forward Contracts (ASC 815)

A portion of the Company’s revenues consist of sales from commodity contracts that are accounted for under ASC 815. Sales from commodity contracts primarily relate to forward sales of green coffee which are accounted for as derivatives at fair value under ASC 815. These forward sales meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815 as they have an underlying, notional amount, no initial net investment and can be net settled since the commodity is readily converted to cash. The Company does not apply the normal purchase and normal sale exception under ASC 815 to these contracts.

Revenues from commodity contracts are recognized in revenues for the contractually stated amount when the contracts are settled. Settlement generally occurs upon shipment or delivery of the product when title and risks and rewards of ownership transfer to the customer. Prior to settlement, these forward sales contracts are recognized at fair value with the unrealized gains or losses recorded within costs of sales on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recorded$9.9 million of net unrealized losses and $4.3 million of net unrealized gains, respectively, within costs of sales. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded$3.3 million and $1.0 million of net unrealized losses, respectively, within costs of sales.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized $91.8 million and $213.6 million in revenues under ASC 815, respectively, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized $56.6 million and $135.7 million in revenues under ASC 815, respectively, which are reported within the Company’s SS&T segment.

Contract Estimates

The nature of the Company’s contracts gives rise to variable consideration including cash discounts, volume-based rebates, point of sale promotions, and other promotional discounts to certain customers. For all promotional programs and discounts, the Company estimates the rebate or discount that will be granted to the customer and records an accrual upon invoicing. These estimated rebates or discounts are included in the transaction price of the Company’s contracts with customers as a reduction to net revenues and are included as accrued sales incentives in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Accrued sales incentives were $1.6 million and $1.8 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31,2024, respectively. Other accrued deductions were$2.2 million and $2.0 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, and are included as a reduction to accounts receivable, net in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts (i) with an original expected length of one year or less or (ii) for which the Company recognizes revenue at the amount in which it has the right to invoice as the product is delivered.

Contract Balances

Contract balances relate primarily to advances received from the Company’s customers before revenue is recognized. The Company did not have any material contract liabilities as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. Revenue recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, was not material. Receivables from contracts with customers are included in accounts receivable, net on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, accounts receivable, net included $101.1 million and $104.8 million in receivables from contracts with customers, respectively.

Contract acquisition costs for obtaining contracts that are deemed recoverable are capitalized as contract costs. Such costs result from the payment of sales incentives and are amortized over the contract life. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, no costs were capitalized as all arrangements were less than a year.

Disaggregated Revenue

In general, the Company’s business segmentation is aligned according to the nature and economic characteristics of its products and customer relationships and provides meaningful disaggregation of each business segment’s results of operations.

Further disaggregation of revenues from sales to external customers by type and geographic area, based on customer location, for the periods indicated is as follows:

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, other than the United States, no country accounted for more than 10 percent of our consolidated net sales.