Transcode Therapeutics, Inc.

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

(Rule 14a-101)

Information Required in Proxy Statement

Schedule 14A Information

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the

Securities Exchange Act of 1934

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Preliminary Proxy Statement

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Definitive Proxy Statement

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Definitive Additional Materials

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Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12

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Dear TransCode Stockholder:

I am pleased to invite you to attend the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Annual Meeting”) of TransCode Therapeutics, Inc. (the “Company” or “TransCode”). The Annual Meeting will be held virtually at 9:30 a.m., Eastern Time, on August 29, 2025.

Please monitor our Annual Meeting website at https://ir.transcodetherapeutics.com/annual-meeting for updated information. To ensure that your vote is counted, we encourage you to vote your shares by proxy prior to the Annual Meeting. If you decide to change your vote or if you are a stockholder of record and decide to vote at the Annual Meeting via the Internet, your updated vote will be the vote that is counted.

At the Annual Meeting, the agenda includes:

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election of four (4) directors, Philippe P. Calais, PharmD, PhD, Thomas A. Fitzgerald, Erik Manting, PhD, and Magda Marquet, PhD, for one-year terms until his or her successor has been duly elected and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal;

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approval of an amendment to the Company’s 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares available for issuance thereunder by 166,724 shares, as more fully described in this Proxy Statement (as defined below);

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ratification of the appointment of WithumSmith+Brown, PC as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025;

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approval of a proposal to adjourn the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary or appropriate, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies in the event that there are insufficient votes for, or otherwise in connection with, the approval of the amendment to the Company’s 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan proposal; and

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the transaction of any other business properly brought before the Annual Meeting or any postponement of the Annual Meeting.

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This 2025 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement (the “Proxy Statement”) and enclosed proxy card are first being mailed to stockholders on or about July 15, 2025.

Details regarding the Annual Meeting and the business to be conducted are more fully described in the accompanying Notice of 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Notice”) and the Proxy Statement. Stockholders of record are owners of our stock as of July 11, 2025, and are entitled to vote at our Annual Meeting and any adjournments thereof.

The Annual Meeting will be a completely virtual meeting, which will be conducted via live webcast. You will be able to listen to the Annual Meeting, submit your questions, and vote during the live webcast of the meeting by visiting www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/RNAZ2025 shortly prior to the scheduled start of the meeting and entering the 16-digit control number found on your proxy card or voting instruction form.

Your vote is very important. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, please carefully review the enclosed Proxy Statement and then cast your vote, regardless of the number of shares you hold.

Under Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) rules, we are providing access to the proxy materials for the Annual Meeting to stockholders via the Internet. Accordingly, you can access the proxy materials and vote at www.proxyvote.com. Instructions for accessing the proxy materials and voting are described below and in the Notice sent by USPS mail to stockholders of record.

If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote over the Internet, by telephone, or, if you request to receive a printed set of the proxy materials, by completing, signing, dating and mailing the accompanying proxy card in the return envelope. Submitting your vote via the Internet, or by telephone or proxy card will not affect your right to vote at the Annual Meeting if you decide to attend the Annual Meeting and wish to vote then, even if you have already cast a previous vote.

If your shares are held in “street name” ​(i.e., held on your behalf by a broker or other nominee), we are required to send the proxy materials to that broker or other nominee. The broker or other nominee is required to provide you with instructions explaining how to vote your shares. You will have the option to cast your vote by telephone or over the Internet if the voting instruction form from your broker or nominee includes instructions and a toll-free telephone number or Internet website to do so. In any event, to help ensure that your vote is received in time, please cast your vote by your choice of available means at your earliest convenience.

We hope that you will join us at the Annual Meeting. Your investment and continuing interest in TransCode are very much appreciated.

Sincerely,

/s/ Thomas A. Fitzgerald

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Thomas A. Fitzgerald

Interim Chief Executive Officer and

Chief Financial Officer

THIS PROXY STATEMENT AND THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD ARE FIRST BEING MAILED TO STOCKHOLDERS OF RECORD ON OR ABOUT July 15, 2025.

NOTICE OF 2025 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

By order of the Board of Directors,

/s/ Thomas A. Fitzgerald

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Thomas A. Fitzgerald

Interim Chief Executive Officer and

Chief Financial Officer

Boston, Massachusetts

July 15 , 2025

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS.

This Proxy Statement and the proxy card are first being mailed to our stockholders on or about July 15, 2025. In accordance with SEC rules, we are advising our stockholders of the Internet availability of our proxy materials related to our upcoming Annual Meeting. Because we have elected to utilize the “full set delivery” option, we are delivering paper copies of all the proxy materials to all our stockholders, as well as providing access to those proxy materials on a publicly accessible website. This Proxy Statement, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, and our amended Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, are available to our stockholders at https://ir.transcodetherapeutics.com/annual-meeting.