APPLIED OPTOELECTRONICS INC

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 14A

Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Amendment No. )

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Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐

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Preliminary Proxy Statement

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Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))

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Definitive Proxy Statement

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Definitive Additional Materials

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Soliciting Material under §240.14a-12

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Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.

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Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11

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Dear Stockholder:

You are cordially invited to attend the Annual Meeting of the Stockholders of Applied Optoelectronics, Inc. (the “Company”), on Thursday, June 12, 2025, at 9:30 a.m. Central Time. We will hold the meeting at our principal office located at 13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd., Sugar Land, TX 77478.

The items of business are listed in the following Notice of Annual Meeting of Stockholders and are more fully addressed in the Proxy Statement. At this meeting, you are being asked to (i) elect the three Class III directors named in the Proxy Statement to hold office for three-year terms, (ii) ratify the appointment of Grant Thornton LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal year 2025, (iii) approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers, (iv) consider and vote on the amendment of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to clarify the voting standard that applies to certain future amendments, and (v) consider and vote on the amendment of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, to increase the number of authorized shares of capital stock and common stock.

Please read the Proxy Statement, which presents important information about the Company and each of the items being presented for stockholder vote. Whether or not you intend to be present in person at the meeting, your vote is very important. Please submit your proxy or vote promptly by telephone or internet or by marking, signing, and returning your proxy card (if you have received one), so that your shares will be represented at the meeting. If you attend the meeting, you will have the right to revoke the proxy and vote your shares in person. If you hold your shares through an account with a bank, broker, or other nominee, please follow the instructions you receive from your bank, broker, or other nominee to vote your shares.

We hope that you will be able to attend the meeting in person. We look forward to seeing you there.

Sincerely yours,

Chih-Hsiang (Thompson) Lin

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

NOTICE OF 2025 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS

To Be Held On June 12, 2025

The 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (“Annual Meeting”) of Applied Optoelectronics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), will be held on Thursday, June 12, 2025, at 9:30 a.m. Central Time, at our principal offices at 13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd., Sugar Land, TX 77478, for the following purposes:

1. To elect the three Class III directors named in the Proxy Statement to serve for three-year terms until the 2028 annual meeting of stockholders and hold office until their respective successors are elected and qualified, which we refer to as Proposal No. 1.

2. To ratify the appointment of Grant Thornton LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025, which we refer to as Proposal No. 2.

3. To approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our named executive officers, which we refer to as Proposal No. 3 or the “say-on-pay” vote.

4. To consider and vote on the amendment of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), to clarify the voting standard that applies to certain future amendments, which we refer to as Proposal No. 4.

5. To consider and vote on the amendment of our Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of capital stock and common stock, which we refer to as Proposal No. 5.

6. To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any adjournment or postponement of the meeting.

Our Board of Directors recommends a vote FOR Proposals No. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Stockholders of record at the close of business on April 17, 2025 are entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Annual Meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof.

U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules permit us to furnish proxy materials to stockholders over the Internet. We will be mailing to our stockholders a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, which indicates how to access our proxy materials on the Internet. We are constantly focused on improving the ways people connect with information, and believe that providing our proxy materials over the Internet increases the ease and ability of our stockholders to connect with the information they need while reducing the environmental impact of our Annual Meeting. If you would prefer to receive a paper copy of the proxy materials, you may request them by following the procedures set forth in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials.

Your vote is very important. Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting, we encourage you to read the accompanying Proxy Statement and submit your proxy or voting instructions as soon as possible. If you are a stockholder of record, you may vote your shares over the Internet at www.proxyvote.com, telephonically by dialing 1-800-690-6903 or if you requested to receive printed proxy materials, via your enclosed proxy card. If the shares you own are held in “street name” by a bank, broker, or other nominee, your bank, broker, or other nominee will provide a voting instruction form, or, if requested, a printed set of proxy materials together with a voting instruction form, which you may use to direct how your shares will be voted.

You are cordially invited to join us at the Annual Meeting. However, to ensure your representation, we request that you submit your proxy and vote at your earliest convenience, whether or not you plan to attend the Annual Meeting. You may revoke your proxy at any time prior to the Annual Meeting by following the instructions in the accompanying Proxy Statement or by attending the Annual Meeting and voting in person. We look forward to seeing you at the Annual Meeting.

By order of the Board of Directors,

David Kuo

Chief Legal Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and Corporate Secretary

IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON JUNE 12, 2025: The Notice of 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, Proxy Statement and the 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K are available at www.proxyvote.com.

Attending the Annual Meeting

The Annual Meeting will be held at 13139 Jess Pirtle Blvd., Sugar Land, TX 77478.

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Doors open at 9:00 a.m. Central Time.

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Meeting starts at 9:30 a.m. Central Time.

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Attendance at the Annual Meeting is limited to our stockholders, their proxyholders, and guests of the Company. Proof of Company stock ownership and photo identification is required to attend the Annual Meeting.

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The use of cameras or other audio or video recording devices is not allowed.

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Questions