METLIFE INC
For the period ended Jun 30, 2024. Filed Aug 1, 2024.
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Jun 30, 2024 · Filed Aug 1, 2024
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Investments
We maintain a diversified global general account investment portfolio to support our mix of liabilities in our global businesses. We position our portfolio based on relative value and our view of the economy and financial markets. We maintain our focus on appropriate level of diversification and asset quality.
We manage our investment portfolio using disciplined asset/liability management (“ALM”) principles, focusing on cash flow and duration to support our current and future liabilities. Our intent is to match the timing and amount of liability cash outflows with invested assets that have cash inflows of comparable timing and amount, while optimizing risk-adjusted investment income and risk-adjusted total return. Our investment portfolio is heavily weighted toward fixed income investments, with the vast majority of our portfolio invested in fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) and mortgage loans. These securities and loans have varying maturities and other characteristics which cause them to be generally well suited for matching the cash flow and duration of insurance liabilities.
Current Environment
As a global insurance company, we continue to be impacted by the changing global financial and economic environment, the fiscal and monetary policy of governments and central banks around the world and other governmental measures. Global inflation, supply chain disruptions, acts of war and banking sector volatility continue to impact the global economy and financial markets and have caused volatility in the global equity, credit and real estate markets. See “— Industry Trends — Financial and Economic Environment” for further information regarding conditions in the global financial markets and the economy generally which may affect us. These factors may persist for some time and may continue to impact pricing levels of risk-bearing investments, as well as our business operations, investment portfolio and derivatives. Rising market interest rates have impacted our investment portfolio and derivatives. See “— Results of Operations — Consolidated Results” and “— Results of Operations — Consolidated Results — Adjusted Earnings” for impacts on our derivatives and analysis of the period over period changes in investment portfolio results and “Investments — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS — Evaluation of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS for Credit Loss — Evaluation of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS in an Unrealized Loss Position” in Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for impacts on the net unrealized gain (loss) on our fixed maturity securities AFS.
Selected Country Investments
We have a market presence in numerous countries and, therefore, our investment portfolio, which supports our insurance operations and related policyholder liabilities, as well as our global portfolio diversification objectives, is exposed to risks posed by local political and economic conditions. The countries included in the following table have been the most affected by these risks. The table below presents a summary of selected country fixed maturity securities AFS, at estimated fair value, on a “country of risk basis” (i.e., where the issuer primarily conducts business).
| Selected Country Fixed Maturity Securities AFS at June 30, 2024 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Sovereign (1) | FinancialServices | Non-FinancialServices | Total (2) |
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||
| Israel | 144 | 16 | 91 | 251 |
| Peru | 82 | 3 | 177 | 262 |
| Ukraine | 28 | — | 2 | 30 |
| Russian Federation | 11 | — | — | 11 |
| Total | $265 | $19 | $270 | $554 |
| Investment grade % | 78.1% | 86.0% | 78.1% | 78.4% |
(1)Sovereign includes government and agency.
(2)The par value, amortized cost, net of ACL, and estimated fair value, net of purchased and written credit default swaps, of these securities were $649 million, $600 million and $360 million, respectively, at June 30, 2024. The notional value and estimated fair value of the net purchased credit default swaps were $192 million and $2 million, respectively, at June 30, 2024.
We manage direct and indirect investment exposure in the selected countries through fundamental analysis and we continually monitor and adjust our level of investment exposure. We do not expect that our general account investments in these countries will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
Investment Portfolio Results
See “— Overview” for a discussion of our investment portfolio and a summary of how we manage our investment portfolio. The following tables present a reconciliation of net investment income under GAAP to adjusted net investment income and our yield table. The yield table presentation is consistent with how we measure our investment performance for management purposes, and we believe it enhances understanding of our investment portfolio results.
Reconciliation of Net Investment Income under GAAP to Adjusted Net Investment Income
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |
| (In millions) | ||||
| Net investment income — GAAP | $5,205 | $5,072 | $10,641 | $9,717 |
| Investment hedge adjustments | 172 | 263 | 348 | 527 |
| Unit-linked investment income | (219) | (296) | (761) | (599) |
| Other | 2 | 1 | — | 1 |
| Adjusted net investment income (1) | $5,160 | $5,040 | $10,228 | $9,646 |
(1)See “Financial Measures and Segment Accounting Policies” in Note 2 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of the adjustments made to net investment income under GAAP in calculating adjusted net investment income.
Yield Table
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, · For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 · 2023 · 2024 · 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Asset Class · Yield % (1) · Amount · Yield % (1) · Amount · Yield % (1) · Amount · Yield % (1) · Amount | |||||||||||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturity securities (2), (3) | 4.38 | % | $3,206 | 4.17 | % | $3,107 | 4.38% | $6,406 | 4.12 | % | $6,135 | ||||
| Net mortgage loans (3) | 5.30 | 1,096 | 5.12 | 1,091 | 5.28 | 2,196 | 5.02 | 2,132 | |||||||
| Real estate and real estate joint ventures | (0.97) | (32) | 0.82 | 27 | (1.85) | (122) | (0.65) | (42) | |||||||
| Policy loans | 5.44 | 110 | 5.39 | 119 | 5.50 | 223 | 5.37 | 238 | |||||||
| Equity securities | 5.50 | 7 | 4.11 | 10 | 5.49 | 14 | 3.55 | 22 | |||||||
| Other limited partnership interests | 9.10 | 325 | 6.17 | 225 | 8.68 | 626 | 3.46 | 251 | |||||||
| Cash and short-term investments | 4.61 | 209 | 5.94 | 195 | 4.97 | 455 | 5.47 | 362 | |||||||
| Other invested assets | — | 386 | — | 397 | — | 734 | — | 836 | |||||||
| Investment income | 4.83 | % | 5,307 | 4.66 | % | 5,171 | 4.79% | 10,532 | 4.48 | % | 9,934 | ||||
| Investment fees and expenses | (0.13) | (147) | (0.12) | (131) | (0.14) | (304) | (0.13) | (288) | |||||||
| Net investment income including divested businesses (4) | 4.70 | % | 5,160 | 4.54 | % | 5,040 | 4.65% | 10,228 | 4.35 | % | 9,646 | ||||
| Less: net investment income from divested businesses (4) | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Adjusted net investment income | $5,160 | $5,040 | $10,228 | $9,646 | |||||||||||
(1)We calculate annualized yields using adjusted net investment income as a percent of average quarterly asset carrying values. Adjusted net investment income excludes realized gains (losses) from sales and disposals, and includes the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Asset carrying values utilized in the calculation of yields exclude unrecognized unrealized gains (losses), mortgage loans originated for third parties, collateral received in connection with our securities lending program, annuities funding structured settlement claims, freestanding derivative assets, collateral received from derivative counterparties and contractholder-directed equity securities. Invested assets reclassified to held-for-sale and ceded policy loans are included in the calculation of yields, but are otherwise excluded from asset carrying values. A yield is not presented for other invested assets, as it is not considered a meaningful measure of performance for this asset class.
(2)Fixed maturity securities in the yield table includes FVO securities; accordingly, investment income (loss) from fixed maturity securities includes amounts from FVO securities of $22 million and $50 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $107 million and $98 million for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and FVO securities asset carrying values are included in the calculation of average quarterly fixed maturity securities asset carrying values in the yield calculation.
(3)Investment income from fixed maturity securities and net mortgage loans includes prepayment fees and excludes investment income from mortgage loans originated for third parties, respectively. See “— Net Mortgage Loans.”
(4)See “Financial Measures and Segment Accounting Policies” in Note 2 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of divested businesses.
See “— Results of Operations — Consolidated Results — Adjusted Earnings” for an analysis of the period over period changes in investment portfolio results.
Net Investment Gains (Losses)
We purchase investments to support our insurance liabilities and not to generate net investment gains and losses. However, net investment gains and losses are incurred and can change significantly from period to period due to changes in external influences, including changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, credit spreads and equity markets; counterparty specific factors such as financial performance, credit rating and collateral valuation; and internal factors such as portfolio rebalancing. Changes in these factors from period to period can significantly impact the levels of provision for credit loss and impairments on our investment portfolio, as well as realized gains and losses on investments sold.
See “— Results of Operations — Consolidated Results” for an analysis of the period over period changes in realized gains (losses) on investments sold, provision (release) for credit loss and impairments and non-investment portfolio gains (losses).
Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities
The following table presents public and private fixed maturity securities AFS and equity securities held at:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Securities by Type · Estimated Fair Value · % of Total · Estimated Fair Value · % of Total | ||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||
| Fixed maturity securities AFS | ||||||
| Publicly traded | $203,148 | 73.1 | % | $209,616 | 74.5 | % |
| Privately-placed | 74,588 | 26.9 | 71,796 | 25.5 | ||
| Total fixed maturity securities AFS | $277,736 | 100.0 | % | $281,412 | 100.0 | % |
| Percentage of cash and invested assets | 60.7% | 60.3% | ||||
| Equity securities | ||||||
| Publicly traded | $489 | 64.9 | % | $506 | 66.8 | % |
| Privately-held | 265 | 35.1 | 251 | 33.2 | ||
| Total equity securities | $754 | 100.0 | % | $757 | 100.0 | % |
| Percentage of cash and invested assets | 0.2% | 0.2% | ||||
See Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information about fixed maturity securities AFS by sector, contractual maturities, continuous gross unrealized losses and equity securities by security type and the related cost, net unrealized gains (losses) and estimated fair value of these securities; as well as realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals and unrealized net gains (losses) recognized in earnings.
Included within fixed maturity securities AFS are structured securities, including residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), asset-backed securities and collateralized loan obligations (collectively, “ABS & CLO”) and commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) (collectively, “Structured Products”). See “— Structured Products” for further information.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Investments — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities — Valuation of Securities” included in the 2023 Annual Report for further information on the processes used to value securities and the related controls.
Fair Value of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities
Fixed maturity securities AFS and equity securities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis and their corresponding fair value pricing sources were as follows:
| Level · Fixed MaturitySecurities AFS · EquitySecurities | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||
| Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets | $16,700 | 6.0 | % | $415 | 55.1 | % |
| Independent pricing sources | 225,888 | 81.4 | 74 | 9.8 | ||
| Internal matrix pricing or discounted cash flow techniques | — | — | 3 | 0.4 | ||
| Significant other observable inputs | 225,888 | 81.4 | 77 | 10.2 | ||
| Independent pricing sources | 25,893 | 9.3 | 33 | 4.4 | ||
| Internal matrix pricing or discounted cash flow techniques | 8,562 | 3.1 | 219 | 29.0 | ||
| Independent broker quotations | 693 | 0.2 | 10 | 1.3 | ||
| Significant unobservable inputs | 35,148 | 12.6 | 262 | 34.7 | ||
| Total at estimated fair value | $277,736 | 100.0 | % | $754 | 100.0 | % |
See Note 12 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the fixed maturity securities AFS and equity securities fair value hierarchy; a rollforward of the fair value measurements for securities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs; transfers into and/or out of Level 3; and further information about the valuation approaches and inputs by level by major classes of invested assets that affect the amounts reported above.
The majority of the Level 3 fixed maturity securities AFS and equity securities were concentrated in three sectors at June 30, 2024: foreign corporate securities, U.S. corporate securities and ABS & CLO. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, Level 3 fixed maturity securities AFS increased by $1.3 billion, or 3.9%. The increase was driven by purchases in excess of sales, offset by transfers out of Level 3 in excess of transfers into Level 3 and a decrease in estimated fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). During the six months ended June 30, 2024, Level 3 fixed maturity securities AFS increased by $2.2 billion, or 6.7%. The increase was driven by purchases in excess of sales, offset by a decrease in estimated fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and transfers out of Level 3 in excess of transfers into Level 3.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Investments — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities — Valuation of Securities” included in the 2023 Annual Report for further information on the estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported above.
Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
See Notes 1 and 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information about fixed maturity securities AFS by sector, contractual maturities and continuous gross unrealized losses.
Fixed Maturity Securities AFS Credit Quality — Ratings
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Investments — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS Credit Quality — Ratings” included in the 2023 Annual Report for a discussion of the credit quality ratings assigned by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSRO”), credit quality designations and designation categories assigned by the Securities Valuation Office of the NAIC for fixed maturity securities AFS and modeling methodologies adopted by the NAIC for non-agency RMBS and CMBS that estimate security level expected losses under a variety of economic scenarios.
NRSRO ratings and NAIC designations are as of the dates shown below. Over time, credit ratings and designations can migrate, up or down, through the NRSRO’s and NAIC’s continuous monitoring process. NRSRO ratings are based on availability of applicable ratings. If no NRSRO rating is available, then an internally developed rating is used. If no NAIC designation is available, then, as permitted by the NAIC, an internally developed designation is used. NAIC designations are generally similar to the credit quality ratings of the NRSRO, except for (i) non-agency RMBS and CMBS and (ii) securities rated Ca or C by NRSROs, included within Caa and lower, that are designated NAIC 6; accordingly, NAIC designations may not correspond to NRSRO ratings.
The following table presents total fixed maturity securities AFS by NRSRO rating, except for non-agency RMBS and CMBS, which are presented using NAIC designations for modeled securities. In addition, in the following table, the applicable NAIC designation from the NAIC published comparison of NRSRO ratings to NAIC designations is provided.
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRSRO Rating · NAIC Designation · Amortized Cost net of ACL · UnrealizedGains (Losses) · EstimatedFairValue · % of Total · Amortized Cost net of ACL · UnrealizedGains (Losses) · EstimatedFairValue · % of Total | |||||||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||
| Aaa/Aa/A | 1 | $212,048 | $(19,809) | $192,239 | 69.2 | % | $209,232 | $(14,510) | $194,722 | 69.2 | % |
| Baa | 2 | 77,605 | (4,873) | 72,732 | 26.2 | 77,534 | (3,854) | 73,680 | 26.2 | ||
| Subtotal investment grade | 289,653 | (24,682) | 264,971 | 95.4 | 286,766 | (18,364) | 268,402 | 95.4 | |||
| Ba | 3 | 9,454 | (265) | 9,189 | 3.3 | 10,694 | (395) | 10,299 | 3.7 | ||
| B | 4 | 3,563 | (272) | 3,291 | 1.2 | 2,491 | (120) | 2,371 | 0.8 | ||
| Caa and lower | 5 | 287 | (61) | 226 | 0.1 | 280 | (22) | 258 | 0.1 | ||
| In or near default | 6 | 113 | (54) | 59 | — | 140 | (58) | 82 | — | ||
| Subtotal below investment grade | 13,417 | (652) | 12,765 | 4.6 | 13,605 | (595) | 13,010 | 4.6 | |||
| Total fixed maturity securities AFS | $303,070 | $(25,334) | $277,736 | 100.0 | % | $300,371 | $(18,959) | $281,412 | 100.0 | % | |
The following tables present total fixed maturity securities AFS, at estimated fair value, by sector and by NRSRO rating, except for non-agency RMBS and CMBS, which are presented using NAIC designations for modeled securities. In addition, in the following table, the applicable NAIC designation from the NAIC published comparison of the NRSRO ratings to NAIC designations is provided.
| Fixed Maturity Securities AFS — by Sector & Credit Quality Rating | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NRSRO Rating · Aaa/Aa/A · Baa · Ba · B · Caa and Lower · In or NearDefault · TotalEstimatedFair Value | |||||||||||
| NAIC Designation | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |||||
| (Dollars in millions) | |||||||||||
| U.S. corporate | $42,926 | $32,081 | $4,062 | $1,453 | $135 | $21 | $80,678 | ||||
| Foreign corporate | 18,662 | 31,052 | 3,195 | 475 | 19 | 16 | 53,419 | ||||
| Foreign government | 31,954 | 5,336 | 1,419 | 1,287 | 43 | 15 | 40,054 | ||||
| U.S. government and agency | 32,858 | 380 | — | — | — | — | 33,238 | ||||
| RMBS | 31,537 | 971 | 65 | 38 | 3 | 2 | 32,616 | ||||
| ABS & CLO | 14,740 | 2,593 | 375 | 38 | 26 | 3 | 17,775 | ||||
| Municipals | 10,243 | 200 | 27 | — | — | — | 10,470 | ||||
| CMBS | 9,319 | 119 | 46 | — | — | 2 | 9,486 | ||||
| Total fixed maturity securities AFS | $192,239 | $72,732 | $9,189 | $3,291 | $226 | $59 | $277,736 | ||||
| Percentage of total | 69.2% | 26.2% | 3.3% | 1.2% | 0.1% | —% | 100.0% | ||||
| U.S. corporate | $42,892 | $31,942 | $4,093 | $1,602 | $158 | $30 | $80,717 | ||||
| Foreign corporate | 19,519 | 32,144 | 3,300 | 458 | 9 | 14 | 55,444 | ||||
| Foreign government | 37,024 | 5,727 | 2,410 | 245 | 52 | 31 | 45,489 | ||||
| U.S. government and agency | 31,876 | 376 | — | — | — | — | 32,252 | ||||
| RMBS | 28,381 | 602 | 68 | 40 | 3 | 2 | 29,096 | ||||
| ABS & CLO | 14,345 | 2,548 | 345 | 26 | 26 | 4 | 17,294 | ||||
| Municipals | 10,974 | 168 | 29 | — | — | — | 11,171 | ||||
| CMBS | 9,711 | 173 | 54 | — | 10 | 1 | 9,949 | ||||
| Total fixed maturity securities AFS | $194,722 | $73,680 | $10,299 | $2,371 | $258 | $82 | $281,412 | ||||
| Percentage of total | 69.2% | 26.2% | 3.7% | 0.8% | 0.1% | —% | 100.0% | ||||
U.S. and Foreign Corporate Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
We maintain a broadly diversified portfolio of corporate fixed maturity securities AFS across many industries and issuers. This portfolio did not have any exposure to any single issuer in excess of 1% of total investments at either June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023. The top 10 holdings comprised 1% of total investments at both June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The table below presents our U.S. and foreign corporate securities portfolios by industry at:
| June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industry | EstimatedFairValue | % ofTotal | EstimatedFairValue | % ofTotal |
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||
| Finance | $31,338 | 23.3% | $32,142 | 23.5% |
| Consumer (cyclical and non-cyclical) | 27,551 | 20.5 | 28,391 | 20.9 |
| Utility | 24,591 | 18.3 | 24,058 | 17.7 |
| Industrial (basic, capital goods and other) | 14,442 | 10.8 | 14,240 | 10.5 |
| Transportation | 11,632 | 8.7 | 12,132 | 8.9 |
| Communications | 9,590 | 7.2 | 10,048 | 7.4 |
| Energy | 7,692 | 5.7 | 7,917 | 5.8 |
| Technology | 4,240 | 3.2 | 4,262 | 3.1 |
| Other | 3,021 | 2.3 | 2,971 | 2.2 |
| Total | $134,097 | 100.0% | $136,161 | 100.0% |
Structured Products
Our investments in Structured Products are collateralized by residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, bank loans and other assets. Our investment selection criteria and monitoring include review of credit ratings, characteristics of the assets underlying the securities, borrower characteristics and the level of credit enhancement. We held $59.9 billion and $56.3 billion of Structured Products, at estimated fair value, at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, as presented in the RMBS, ABS & CLO and CMBS sections below.
RMBS
Our RMBS portfolio is broadly diversified by security type and risk profile. The following table presents our RMBS portfolio by security type, risk profile and ratings profile at:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EstimatedFairValue · % ofTotal · NetUnrealizedGains (Losses) · EstimatedFairValue · % ofTotal · NetUnrealizedGains (Losses) | ||||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
| Security type | ||||||||
| Collateralized mortgage obligations | $20,384 | 62.5% | $(1,383) | $16,704 | 57.4% | $(1,268) | ||
| Pass-through mortgage-backed securities | 12,232 | 37.5 | (1,366) | 12,392 | 42.6 | (1,114) | ||
| Total RMBS | $32,616 | 100.0% | $(2,749) | $29,096 | 100.0% | $(2,382) | ||
| Risk profile | ||||||||
| Agency | $19,912 | 61.1% | $(2,070) | $18,472 | 63.5% | $(1,650) | ||
| Non-Agency | ||||||||
| Prime and prime investor | 6,209 | 19.0 | (428) | 4,827 | 16.6 | (435) | ||
| non-qualified residential mortgage (“NQM”) and alternative (“Alt-A”) | 1,691 | 5.2 | (57) | 1,760 | 6.0 | (75) | ||
| Reperforming and sub-prime | 3,127 | 9.6 | (156) | 2,622 | 9.0 | (167) | ||
| Other (1) | 1,677 | 5.1 | (38) | 1,415 | 4.9 | (55) | ||
| Subtotal Non-Agency | 12,704 | 38.9% | (679) | 10,624 | 36.5% | (732) | ||
| Total RMBS | $32,616 | 100.0% | $(2,749) | $29,096 | 100.0% | $(2,382) | ||
| Ratings profile | ||||||||
| Rated Aaa and Aa | $28,157 | 86.3% | $25,307 | 87.0% | ||||
| Designated NAIC 1 | $31,537 | 96.7% | $28,384 | 97.6% | ||||
(1)Other Non-Agency RMBS are broadly diversified across several subsectors and issuers, including securities collateralized by the following mortgage loan types: single family rental, early buyout securitization and small business commercial.
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Investments — Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities — Structured Products — RMBS” included in the 2023 Annual Report for further information about collateralized mortgage obligations and pass-through mortgage-backed securities, as well as agency, prime, prime investor, NQM, Alt-A, reperforming and sub-prime mortgage-backed securities.
We manage our exposure to reperforming and sub-prime RMBS holdings by focusing primarily on senior tranche securities, stress testing the portfolio with severe loss assumptions and closely monitoring the performance of the portfolio. Our reperforming RMBS are generally newer vintage securities and higher quality at purchase and the vast majority are investment grade under NAIC designations (e.g., NAIC 1 and NAIC 2). Our sub-prime RMBS portfolio consists predominantly of securities that were purchased at significant discounts to par value and discounts to the expected principal recovery value of these securities, and the vast majority are investment grade under NAIC designations.
ABS & CLO
Our non-mortgage loan-backed structured securities are comprised of two broad categories of securitizations: ABS & CLO. These portfolios are broadly diversified by collateral type and issuer. The following table presents our ABS & CLO portfolios by collateral type and ratings profile at:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EstimatedFairValue · % ofTotal · NetUnrealizedGains (Losses) · EstimatedFairValue · % ofTotal · NetUnrealizedGains (Losses) | ||||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
| ABS | ||||||||
| Collateral type | ||||||||
| Vehicle and equipment loans | $1,599 | 9.0% | $(12) | $1,605 | 9.2% | $(23) | ||
| Digital infrastructure | 1,618 | 9.1 | (52) | 1,376 | 8.0 | (77) | ||
| Consumer loans | 1,042 | 5.9 | (57) | 944 | 5.5 | (78) | ||
| Credit card | 967 | 5.4 | 3 | 904 | 5.2 | (4) | ||
| Franchise | 799 | 4.5 | (49) | 852 | 4.9 | (65) | ||
| Student loans | 696 | 3.9 | (43) | 702 | 4.1 | (58) | ||
| Other (1) | 2,951 | 16.6 | (221) | 3,038 | 17.6 | (241) | ||
| Total ABS | $9,672 | 54.4% | $(431) | $9,421 | 54.5% | $(546) | ||
| CLO (2) | $8,103 | 45.6% | $8 | $7,873 | 45.5% | $(63) | ||
| Total ABS & CLO | $17,775 | 100.0% | $(423) | $17,294 | 100.0% | $(609) | ||
| ABS ratings profile | ||||||||
| Rated Aaa and Aa | $3,675 | 38.0% | $3,970 | 42.1% | ||||
| Designated NAIC 1 | $7,379 | 76.3% | $7,227 | 76.7% | ||||
| CLO ratings profile | ||||||||
| Rated Aaa and Aa | $6,074 | 75.0% | $5,913 | 75.1% | ||||
| Designated NAIC 1 | $7,329 | 90.4% | $7,118 | 90.4% | ||||
| ABS & CLO ratings profile | ||||||||
| Rated Aaa and Aa | $9,749 | 54.8% | $9,883 | 57.1% | ||||
| Designated NAIC 1 | $14,708 | 82.7% | $14,345 | 82.9% | ||||
(1)Other ABS are broadly diversified across several subsectors and issuers, including securities with the following collateral types: foreign residential loans, transportation equipment and renewable energy.
(2)Includes primarily securities collateralized by broadly syndicated bank loans.
CMBS
Our CMBS portfolio is comprised primarily of conduit, single asset and single borrower securities. Conduit securities are collateralized by many commercial mortgage loans and are broadly diversified by property type, borrower and geography. The following tables present our CMBS portfolio by collateral type and ratings profile at:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Estimated Fair Value · % of Total · Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) · Estimated Fair Value · % of Total · Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) | ||||||||
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
| Collateral type | ||||||||
| Conduit | $5,471 | 57.6% | $(461) | $6,102 | 61.3% | $(643) | ||
| Single asset and single borrower | 2,086 | 22.0 | (104) | 1,997 | 20.1 | (136) | ||
| Agency | 635 | 6.7 | (104) | 735 | 7.4 | (93) | ||
| Commercial real estate collateralized loan obligations | 397 | 4.2 | (4) | 437 | 4.4 | (9) | ||
| Other | 897 | 9.5 | 9 | 678 | 6.8 | (7) | ||
| Total CMBS | $9,486 | 100.0% | $(664) | $9,949 | 100.0% | $(888) | ||
| Ratings profile | ||||||||
| Rated Aaa and Aa | $7,646 | 80.6% | $8,262 | 83.0% | ||||
| Designated NAIC 1 | $9,318 | 98.2% | $9,710 | 97.6% | ||||
Evaluation of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS for Credit Loss, Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Loss and Credit Loss on Fixed Maturity Securities AFS Recognized in Earnings
See Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information about the evaluation of fixed maturity securities AFS for credit loss, rollforward of the ACL, net credit loss provision (release) and impairment (losses), as well as realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals of fixed maturity securities AFS at and for the six months ended June 30, 2024.
Securities Lending Transactions, Repurchase Agreements and Third-Party Custodian Administered Programs
We participate in securities lending transactions, repurchase agreements and third-party custodian administered programs with unaffiliated financial institutions in the normal course of business for the purpose of enhancing the total return on our investment portfolio.
Securities lending transactions and repurchase agreements: We account for these arrangements as secured borrowings and record a liability in the amount of the cash received. We obtain collateral, usually cash, from the borrower, which must be returned to the borrower when the securities are returned to us. Through these arrangements, we were liable for cash collateral under our control of$14.1 billion and $13.8 billion at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, including a portion that may require the immediate return of cash collateral we hold. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, as well as “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Investments — Securities Lending Transactions and Repurchase Agreements” in Note 1 and Note 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2023 Annual Report for further information about the secured borrowings accounting and the classification of revenues and expenses.
Third-party custodian administered programs: The estimated fair value of securities we own which are loaned in connection with these programs was$460 million and $362 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The estimated fair value of the related non-cash collateral on deposit with third-party custodians on our behalf, which is not reflected in our interim condensed consolidated financial statements and cannot be sold or re-pledged, was$474 million and $371 million at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Net Mortgage Loans
Our mortgage loan investments are principally collateralized by commercial, agricultural and residential properties. The Company originates and acquires mortgage loans and, in certain cases, transfers proportional rights to cash flows of certain mortgage loans to third parties under participation agreements, which are recorded as secured borrowings. The net mortgage loan information presented herein does not include mortgage loans originated for third parties and the related ACL. See Notes 1 and 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
Net mortgage loans carried at amortized cost and the related ACL are summarized as follows at:
| June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Portfolio Segment | Amortized Cost (1) | % ofTotal | ACL (1) | ACL as % ofAmortized Cost | Amortized Cost (1) | % ofTotal | ACL (1) | ACL as % ofAmortized Cost |
| (Dollars in millions) | ||||||||
| Commercial | $50,109 | 60.6% | $403 | 0.8% | $52,111 | 61.5% | $295 | 0.6% |
| Agricultural | 19,383 | 23.4 | 170 | 0.9% | 19,559 | 23.1 | 171 | 0.9% |
| Residential | 13,273 | 16.0 | 141 | 1.1% | 13,096 | 15.4 | 182 | 1.4% |
| Total | $82,765 | 100.0% | $714 | 0.9% | $84,766 | 100.0% | $648 | 0.8% |
(1)Does not include mortgage loans originated for third parties of $7.8 billion at amortized cost ($7.6 billion commercial and $253 million agricultural) and the related ACL of $92 million at June 30, 2024, and $8.5 billion at amortized cost ($8.2 billion commercial and $246 million agricultural) and the related ACL of $73 million at December 31, 2023.
We diversify our mortgage loan investments by both geographic region and property type to reduce the risk of concentration. Of our net commercial and agricultural mortgage loans carried at amortized cost, 86% are collateralized by properties located in the U.S., with the remaining 14% collateralized by properties located primarily in Mexico, the U.K. and Australia at June 30, 2024. The carrying values of our net commercial and agricultural mortgage loans collateralized by properties located in California, New York and Texas were 15%, 9% and 6%, respectively, of total net commercial and agricultural mortgage loans at June 30, 2024. Additionally, we manage risk when originating commercial and agricultural mortgage loan investments by generally lending up to 75% of the estimated fair value of the underlying real estate collateral.
We manage our residential mortgage loans carried at amortized cost in a similar manner to reduce risk of concentration, with 91% collateralized by properties located in the U.S., and the remaining 9% collateralized by properties located in Chile, at June 30, 2024. The carrying values of our residential mortgage loans located in California, Florida and New York were 33%, 10% and 8%, respectively, of total residential mortgage loans at June 30, 2024.
Net Commercial Mortgage Loans by Geographic Region and Property Type. Net commercial mortgage loans are the largest mortgage loan portfolio segment. The tables below present, at amortized cost, the diversification of these investments across geographic regions and property types:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amount · % ofTotal · Amount · % ofTotal | |||||
| (Dollars in millions) | |||||
| Region | |||||
| Pacific | $8,680 | 17.3% | $9,016 | 17.3% | |
| Non-U.S. | 8,385 | 16.7 | 8,933 | 17.1 | |
| Middle Atlantic | 7,250 | 14.5 | 7,477 | 14.3 | |
| South Atlantic | 6,517 | 13.0 | 6,637 | 12.7 | |
| West South Central | 3,386 | 6.8 | 3,472 | 6.7 | |
| New England | 2,821 | 5.6 | 2,859 | 5.5 | |
| Mountain | 2,264 | 4.5 | 2,193 | 4.2 | |
| East North Central | 1,600 | 3.2 | 1,822 | 3.5 | |
| East South Central | 652 | 1.3 | 654 | 1.3 | |
| West North Central | 472 | 1.0 | 613 | 1.2 | |
| Multi-Region and Other | 8,082 | 16.1 | 8,435 | 16.2 | |
| Total amortized cost | $50,109 | 100.0% | $52,111 | 100.0% | |
| Less: ACL | 403 | 295 | |||
| Carrying value, net of ACL | $49,706 | $51,816 | |||
| Property Type | |||||
| Office | $18,799 | 37.5% | $19,651 | 37.7% | |
| Apartment | 10,954 | 21.9 | 11,974 | 23.0 | |
| Retail | 7,443 | 14.8 | 7,218 | 13.9 | |
| Industrial | 4,941 | 9.9 | 5,275 | 10.1 | |
| Single Family Rental | 4,822 | 9.6 | 4,728 | 9.1 | |
| Hotel | 3,049 | 6.1 | 3,140 | 6.0 | |
| Other | 101 | 0.2 | 125 | 0.2 | |
| Total amortized cost | $50,109 | 100.0% | $52,111 | 100.0% | |
| Less: ACL | 403 | 295 | |||
| Carrying value, net of ACL | $49,706 | $51,816 | |||
Our commercial mortgage loan investments are well positioned with exposures concentrated in high quality underlying properties located in primary markets typically with institutional investors who are better positioned to manage their assets during periods of market volatility. Our portfolio is comprised primarily of lower risk loans with higher debt service coverage ratios (“DSCR”) and lower loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, as shown below.
Credit Quality — Monitoring Process. We monitor our mortgage loan investments on an ongoing basis, including a review by credit quality indicator and by the performance indicators of current, past due, restructured and under foreclosure. See below for further information on net mortgage loans by credit quality indicator. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information by performance indicator.
We review our commercial mortgage loan investments on an ongoing basis. These reviews may include an analysis of the property financial statements and rent roll, lease rollover analysis, property inspections, market analysis, estimated valuations of the underlying collateral, LTV ratios, DSCR and tenant creditworthiness. The monitoring process focuses on higher risk loans, which include those that are classified as restructured, delinquent or in foreclosure, as well as loans with higher LTV ratios and lower DSCR. The monitoring process for agricultural mortgage loan investments is generally similar, with a focus on higher risk loans, such as loans with higher LTV ratios. Agricultural mortgage loan investments are reviewed on an ongoing basis which include property inspections, market analysis, estimated valuations of the underlying collateral, LTV ratios and borrower creditworthiness, including reviews on a geographic and property-type basis. We review our residential mortgage loan investments on an ongoing basis, with a focus on higher risk loans, such as nonperforming loans. See Notes 1 and 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information on our evaluation of residential mortgage loan investments and related ACL methodology.
LTV ratios and DSCR are common measures in the assessment of the quality of commercial mortgage loan investments. LTV ratios are a common measure in the assessment of the quality of agricultural mortgage loan investments. LTV ratios compare the amount of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. An LTV ratio greater than 100% indicates that the loan amount is greater than the collateral value. An LTV ratio of less than 100% indicates an excess of collateral value over the loan amount. Generally, the higher the LTV ratio, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss. The DSCR compares a property’s net operating income to amounts needed to service the principal and interest due under the loan. Generally, the lower the DSCR, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss. For our net commercial mortgage loans, our average LTV ratio was 66% and 64% at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, and our average DSCR was 2.2x and 2.3x at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The DSCR and the values utilized in calculating the ratio are updated routinely. In addition, the LTV ratio is routinely updated for all but the lowest risk loans as part of our ongoing review of our commercial mortgage loan investments. For our net agricultural mortgage loans, our average LTV ratio was 49% and 47% at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The values utilized in calculating our agricultural mortgage loan investments LTV ratio are developed in connection with the ongoing review of our portfolio and are routinely updated.
The distribution of our net commercial mortgage loan portfolios totaling $50.1 billion at amortized cost at June 30, 2024 by key credit quality indicators of LTV and DSCR was as follows:
| DSCR | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTV | > 1.2x | 1.0-1.2x | < 1.0x | Total |
| <65% | 46.5% | 2.3% | 1.3% | 50.1% |
| 65% - 75% | 22.6% | 1.5% | 1.0% | 25.1% |
| 76% - 80% | 6.0% | 0.6% | 0.2% | 6.8% |
| >80% | 12.0% | 3.5% | 2.5% | 18.0% |
| Total | 87.1% | 7.9% | 5.0% | 100.0% |
The distribution of our net agricultural mortgage loan portfolios totaling $19.4 billion at amortized cost at June 30, 2024 by the key credit quality indicator of LTV was as follows:
| LTV | Total |
|---|---|
| <65% | 92.8% |
| 65% - 75% | 6.5% |
| 76% - 80% | —% |
| >80% | 0.7% |
| Total | 100.0% |
Mortgage Loan Allowance for Credit Loss. Our ACL is established for both pools of loans with similar risk characteristics and for mortgage loan investments with dissimilar risk characteristics, such as collateral dependent loans, individually and on a loan specific basis. We record an allowance for expected lifetime credit loss in earnings within net investment gains (losses) in an amount that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis of mortgage loan investments that the Company does not expect to collect, resulting in mortgage loan investments being presented at the net amount expected to be collected.
In determining our ACL, management (i) pools mortgage loans that share similar risk characteristics, (ii) considers expected lifetime credit loss over contractual terms of mortgage loans, as adjusted for expected prepayments and any extensions, and (iii) considers past events and current and forecasted economic conditions. Actual credit loss realized could be different from the amount of the ACL recorded. These evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available, which can cause the ACL to increase or decrease over time as such evaluations are revised. Negative credit migration, including an actual or expected increase in the level of problem loans, will result in an increase in the ACL. Positive credit migration, including an actual or expected decrease in the level of problem loans, will result in a decrease in the ACL. See Notes 1 and 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information on how the ACL is established and monitored, and activity in and balances of the ACL.
Real Estate and Real Estate Joint Ventures
Our real estate investments are comprised of wholly-owned properties, and interests in both real estate joint ventures and real estate funds which invest in a wide variety of properties and property types, including single and multi-property projects, and are broadly diversified across multiple property types and geographies.
The carrying value of our real estate investments was $13.5 billion and $13.3 billion at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, or 3.0% and 2.9% of cash and invested assets, at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Our real estate investments are typically stabilized properties that we intend to hold for the longer-term for portfolio diversification and long-term appreciation. Our real estate investment portfolio had appreciated to a $4.0 billion unrealized gain position at June 30, 2024.
We continuously monitor and assess our real estate investments for impairment when facts and circumstances indicate that the real estate may be impaired. There were no impairments (losses) recognized on our real estate investments for either the six months ended June 30, 2024 or 2023.
We diversify our real estate investments by property type, form of equity interest (wholly-owned, joint venture and funds) and geographic region to reduce risk of concentration. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a summary of our real estate investments, by income type, as well as income earned.
Other Limited Partnership Interests
Other limited partnership interests are comprised of investments in private funds, including private equity funds and hedge funds. At June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying value of other limited partnership interests was$14.3 billion and $14.8 billion, which included$18 million and $27 million of hedge funds, respectively. Other limited partnership interests were 3.1% and 3.2% of cash and invested assets at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Cash distributions on these investments are generated from investment gains, operating income from the underlying investments of the funds and liquidation of the underlying investments of the funds.
We use the equity method of accounting for most of our private equity funds. We generally recognize our share of a private equity fund’s earnings in net investment income on a three-month lag, which is when the information is reported to us. Accordingly, changes in equity market levels, which can impact the underlying results of these private equity funds, are recognized in earnings within our net investment income on a three-month lag.
Other Invested Assets
The following table presents the carrying value of our other invested assets by type at:
| June 30, 2024 · December 31, 2023 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Asset Type · CarryingValue · % ofTotal · CarryingValue · % ofTotal | |||||
| (Dollars in millions) | |||||
| Freestanding derivatives with positive estimated fair values | $8,241 | 45.5% | $8,737 | 48.0% | |
| Direct financing leases | 1,208 | 6.7 | 1,304 | 7.2 | |
| Annuities funding structured settlement claims | 1,255 | 6.9 | 1,256 | 6.9 | |
| Operating joint ventures (1) | 1,483 | 8.2 | 1,142 | 6.3 | |
| Company-owned life insurance policies | 1,060 | 5.8 | 1,036 | 5.7 | |
| Tax credit and renewable energy partnerships | 787 | 4.3 | 1,034 | 5.7 | |
| Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLBNY”) common stock | 715 | 3.9 | 714 | 3.9 | |
| Leveraged leases | 655 | 3.6 | 689 | 3.8 | |
| Funds withheld | 451 | 2.5 | 436 | 2.4 | |
| Other | 2,276 | 12.6 | 1,854 | 10.1 | |
| Total | $18,131 | 100.0% | $18,202 | 100.0% | |
| Percentage of cash and invested assets | 4.0% | 3.9% | |||
(1)See Note 3 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding the Company’s pending disposition of MetLife Malaysia.
See Notes 1, 11 and 12 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2023 Annual Report for information regarding freestanding derivatives with positive estimated fair values, tax credit and renewable energy partnerships, annuities funding structured settlement claims, direct financing and leveraged leases, operating joint ventures, FHLBNY common stock, and funds withheld.
Investment Commitments
We enter into the following commitments in the normal course of business for the purpose of enhancing the total return on our investment portfolio: mortgage loan commitments and commitments to fund partnerships, bank credit facilities, bridge loans and private corporate bond investments. See Note 19 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the amount of our unfunded investment commitments at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. See “Net Investment Income” and “Net Investment Gains (Losses)” in Note 10 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information on the investment income, investment expense, gains and losses from such investments and the liability for credit loss for unfunded mortgage loan commitments. See also “— Fixed Maturity Securities AFS and Equity Securities,” “— Net Mortgage Loans,” “— Real Estate and Real Estate Joint Ventures” and “— Other Limited Partnership Interests.”
The text of this filing, as the company filed it with the SEC, without its images or exhibits. This is not investment advice.