EAST WEST BANCORP INC

The Company organizes its operations into three reportable operating segments: (1) Consumer and Business Banking; (2) Commercial Banking; and (3) Treasury and Other. These segments are defined based on customer type, the channels where customers are served, and the products and services provided. For a description of the Company’s internal management reporting process, including the segment cost allocation methodology, see Note 17 — Business Segments to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K.

Segment net interest income represents the difference between actual interest earned on assets and interest incurred on liabilities of the segment, adjusted for funding charges or credits through the Company’s internal funds transfer pricing process.

Consumer and Business Banking

The Consumer and Business Banking segment primarily provides financial products and services to consumer and commercial customers through the Company’s domestic branch network and digital banking platforms. This segment offers consumer and commercial deposits, mortgage and home equity loans, and other products and services. It also originates commercial loans for small- and medium-sized enterprises through the Company’s branch network. Other products and services provided by this segment include wealth management, private banking, treasury management, interest rate risk hedging and foreign exchange services.

The following table presents financial information for the Consumer and Business Banking segment for the periods indicated:

Consumer and Business Banking segment net income decreased $61 million or 11% year-over-year to $503 million in 2025, primarily due to a $73 million decrease in net interest income, a $23 million increase in compensation and employee benefits, and a $17 million increase in provision for credit losses, partially offset by a $12 million increase in noninterest income.

The decrease in net interest income before provision for credit losses was primarily driven by the year-over-year decline in interest rates. The increase in noninterest income was mainly driven by higher wealth management fees in 2025. The increase in provision for credit losses was driven by loan growth and the worsening macroeconomic outlook in the residential mortgage loan sector in 2025. The increase in compensation and employee benefits was primarily due to staffing growth and increased wealth management commissions. The decrease in other noninterest expense was primarily driven by decreased deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments, from lower FDIC charges.

Commercial Banking

The Commercial Banking segment primarily generates commercial loan and deposit products. Commercial loan products include CRE lending, construction finance, commercial business lending, working capital lines of credit, trade finance, letters of credit, affordable housing lending, asset-based lending, asset-backed finance, project finance, equipment financing, and loan syndication. Commercial deposit products and other financial services include treasury management, foreign exchange services, and interest rate and commodity risk hedging.

The following table presents financial information for the Commercial Banking segment for the periods indicated:

Commercial Banking segment net income decreased $42 million or 8% year-over-year to $494 million in 2025, primarily driven by a $98 million decrease in net interest income, partially offset by a $20 million increase in noninterest income and a $15 million decrease in provision for credit losses.

The net interest income decrease was primarily driven by the year-over-year decline in interest rates. The noninterest income increase was primarily due to increases in lending and loan servicing fees, commercial deposit-related fees, and wealth management fees. The decrease in provision for credit losses was primarily driven by lower net charge-offs in the C&I portfolio. The increase in compensation and employee benefits was primarily driven by staffing growth. The decrease in other noninterest expense was primarily driven by the decreases in deposit account expense and deposit insurance premiums and regulatory assessments, partially offset by increased loan related expenses.

Treasury and Other

Centralized functions, including the corporate treasury activities of the Company, tax credit investment activity, eliminations of inter-segment amounts, and centrally managed departments, have been aggregated and included in the Treasury and Other segment.

The following table presents financial information for the Treasury and Other segment for the periods indicated:

Treasury and Other segment income before income taxes increased $410 million in 2025, primarily driven by a $444 million increase in net interest income and $16 million increase in reversal of credit losses, partially offset by a $33 million increase in compensation and employee benefits and a $29 million increase in other noninterest expense.

The net interest income increase was mainly driven by higher AFS debt securities’ interest income due to higher average balancesand higher loan interest income, primarily due to $32 million of additional interest income from discount accretion and interest recoveries from the full payment on purchased credit impaired and workout loans. The increase in reversal of credit losses was primarily due to an $18 million reversal of credit losses related to the payoff of purchased credit impaired loans in the third quarter of 2025. The increase in compensation and employee benefits was primarily driven by additional compensation expense from a change in equity award expense recognition for retirement eligible employees recorded in the third quarter of 2025. Refer to Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies — Significant Accounting Policies — Stock-Based Compensation to the Consolidated Financial Statements in this Form 10-K for further details related to the change in the timing of recognition for awards granted to retirement-eligible employees. The increase in other noninterest expense was primarily driven by higher amortization of tax credit and CRA investments.

Income tax expense is allocated to the Consumer and Business Banking and the Commercial Banking segments by applying statutory income tax rates to the respective segment income before income taxes. The income tax expense or benefit in the Treasury and Other segment consists of the remaining unallocated income tax expense or benefit after allocating income tax expense to the two core segments, and reflects the impact of tax credit investment activity.