INNOVATE Corp.

14. Employee Retirement Plans

401(k) Plans

The Company and various subsidiaries maintain 401(k) retirement savings plans which cover eligible employees, including for certain, union steelworkers, and permit participants to contribute to the plans, subject to Internal Revenue Code restrictions and which feature matching contributions of various percentages of the first 3% to 5% of employee annual salary contributions, depending on the subsidiary. The Company made aggregate matching contributions of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, of which $1.1 million was reflected as a component of Cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and $1.7 million was reflected as a component of Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company made aggregate matching contributions of $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, of which $1.5 million was reflected as a component of Cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and $1.8 million was reflected as a component of Selling, general and administrative in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Multi-Employer Plans

Certain of the Company's Infrastructure segment workforce are subject to collective bargaining agreements. The Company contributes to union-sponsored, multi-employer pension plans. Contributions are made in accordance with negotiated labor contracts. The passage of the Multi-Employer Pension Plan Amendments Act of 1980 ("the Act") may, under certain circumstances, cause the Company to become subject to liabilities in excess of contributions made under collective bargaining agreements. Generally, liabilities are contingent upon termination, withdrawal, or partial withdrawal from the plans. Under the Act, liabilities would be based upon the Company's proportionate share of each plan's unfunded vested benefits.

The Company made contributions to various multi-employer pension plans totaling $9.8 million and $17.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, which was reflected as a component of Cost of revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 8.3% of DBMG’s employees are covered under various collective bargaining agreements. As of December 31, 2024, most of the Infrastructure segment's collective bargaining agreements are subject to automatic annual or other renewal unless either party elects to terminate the agreement on the scheduled expiration date.