EASTMAN KODAK CO

Management’s Assessment of Liquidity

Kodak ended the quarter with a cash balance of $155 million, a decrease of $46 million from December 31, 2024, primarily driven by the decline in cash in the first quarter of 2025 of $43 million.

The financing transactions entered into during 2023, cash proceeds related to brand licensing arrangements in 2024 and 2023 and savings relating to rationalization, cost reductions and operational efficiencies provided additional liquidity to the Company to fund on‐going operations and to invest in growth opportunities in Kodak’s businesses of print and advanced materials and chemicals and for corporate infrastructure investments expected to contribute to improvements in cash flow.

Available liquidity includes existing cash balances. The amount of available liquidity is subject to fluctuations and includes cash balances held by various entities worldwide. At June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately $70 million and $118 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents were held within the U.S. and approximately $85 million and $83 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents were held outside the U.S. Cash balances held outside the U.S. are generally required to support local country operations and may have high tax costs or other limitations that delay the ability to repatriate, and therefore may not be readily available for transfer to other jurisdictions. Kodak utilizes cash balances outside the U.S. to fund needs in the U.S. through the use of intercompany loans.

As of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, outstanding intercompany loans to the U.S. were $502 million and $483 million, respectively, which included short-term intercompany loans from Kodak’s international finance center of $228 million and $208 million, respectively. In China, where approximately $32 million and $29 million of cash and cash equivalents was held as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, there are limitations related to net asset balances that may impact the ability to make cash available to other jurisdictions in the world. Under the terms of the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement, the Company is permitted to invest up to $60 million (or $75 million after the Deleveraging Milestone Date) in Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Loan Parties and in joint ventures or Unrestricted Subsidiaries that are not party to the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement.

The Company’s Hong Kong subsidiary has an intercompany loan from one of the Company’s Chinese subsidiaries with a maturity date of November 16, 2026, the proceeds of which were in turn loaned to the Company. The terms of the intercompany loan require the Company to make efforts to repay the outstanding loan balance prior to maturity. The outstanding amount of the intercompany loan as of June 30, 2025 was $68 million. The Company is evaluating repayment alternatives for the current loan agreement which would allow Kodak and its subsidiaries to perform their obligations to each other while minimizing the impact on U.S. liquidity taking into account requirements imposed by Chinese regulators. Any amounts repaid to the Chinese subsidiary may not be able to be loaned, repatriated or otherwise moved back to the U.S., in which case the Company’s U.S. liquidity would be reduced.

On May 21, 2025, the Company entered into an ATM Equity Offering Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with BofA Securities, Inc. (“BofA”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell up to $100 million of shares of the Company’s common stock (the “shares”), from time to time, in “at-the-market” offerings through BofA, as sales agent or as principal. While the Company has not sold any shares under the Sales Agreement as of June 30, 2025, the Company intends to use the net proceeds from any sale of the shares for general corporate purposes.

Kodak has not extended or refinanced the existing Series B Preferred Stock past the current mandatory redemption date of May 28, 2026. The carrying value of the Series B Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2025 was $99 million. Under the terms of the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement, based on the mandatory redemption date of the Series B Preferred Stock, the maturity date of the Term Loans accelerated to May 22, 2026. The carrying value of the Term Loans as of June 30, 2025 approximated $477 million and was recorded in Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt in the Consolidated Statement of Financial

Position as of June 30, 2025. The Company also has issued approximately $24 million of letters of credit under the Amended and Restated Letter of Credit Facility Agreement (the “L/C Facility Agreement”) as of June 30, 2025. Based on the accelerated maturity date of the Term Loans, the maturity date of the L/C Facility Agreement is May 12, 2026.

Kodak has debt coming due within twelve months and does not have committed financing or available liquidity to meet such debt obligations if they were to become due in accordance with their current terms.

Kodak’s plans to adequately fund its existing preferred stock and debt obligations when they come due are dependent on obtaining sufficient proceeds from the expected reversion of cash to the Company upon settlement of obligations under the KRIP to reduce the amount of the Term Loans and to (i) convert, redeem, extend or refinance the existing Series B past the current mandatory redemption date of May 28, 2026, (ii) amend, extend or refinance the remaining outstanding Term Loans past the current maturity of May 22, 2026, and (iii) replace collateral currently supporting the letters of credit issued under the L/C Facility Agreement. These actions are dependent upon several external factors outside Kodak’s control. Kodak makes no assurances regarding the likelihood, certainty or timing of consummating any refinancing transaction, or the sufficiency of any such actions to meet Kodak’s preferred stock or debt obligations, including other commitments in the U.S. as they come due.

Additionally, Kodak's cash flows continue to be negatively impacted by volume declines, higher manufacturing costs and increased labor, material and distribution costs, supply chain disruptions and shortages in materials and labor. The impacts from price increases, continued cost reduction actions and supply chain-related cost improvements continue to positively impact Kodak’s operations.

In order to provide flexibility to respond as necessary to changes in the business and economic environment and to maintain sufficient U.S. liquidity, Kodak may accelerate the restructuring of Kodak’s cost structure, reduce or slow spend on capital expenditures and other investments, increase prices and implement working capital improvement initiatives.

Kodak's plans to return to sustainable positive cash flow include generating profitable revenues through continued pricing actions and customer-focused initiatives, implementing effective working capital utilization, reducing operating expenses, continuing to simplify the organizational structure, investing in IT systems to drive operational efficiencies, effectively managing world-wide cash through intercompany loans, distributions or other mechanisms, generating cash from selling and leasing underutilized assets or through new licensing opportunities and implementing ways to reduce cash collateral needs. In addition, proceeds received from the settlement of the KRIP, after required debt prepayments, as further discussed below, and proceeds from the sale of common stock under the at-the-market equity offering program would be available for use for strategic growth or general corporate purposes.

The economic uncertainties surrounding the current inflationary environment and other global events represent additional elements of complexity in Kodak’s plans to return to sustainable positive cash flow. The Company cannot predict the duration and scope of such events, including the impact of rising costs of labor, commodity and distribution costs and increased product costs from tariffs, the war in Ukraine and the conflicts involving Israel, and other factors such as the ability to continue to secure raw materials and components, the ability to increase prices to offset rising product costs or how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume.

Kodak Retirement Income Plan

On January 21, 2025, the Board of Directors of Kodak approved the termination of KRIP effective March 31, 2025, at which time all benefits under KRIP were frozen. In addition, the Board of Directors approved a defined benefit retirement plan (the “Kodak Cash Balance Plan”) as a replacement for KRIP which became effective on March 1, 2025 for new hires and April 1, 2025 for current employees. The benefits under the Kodak Cash Balance Plan are substantially the same as those under the cash balance feature of KRIP.

Kodak expects that KRIP’s liabilities would be satisfied through a combination of lump sum distributions to active and terminated vested participants who elect a lump sum distribution and the purchase of an annuity from an insurance company with respect to existing KRIP annuity obligations for current retirees and beneficiaries and annuity obligations arising from the termination to active and terminated vested participants who do not elect to receive lump sum distributions. The participant settlement election process ends on August 15, 2025. Once that process is complete, the Company intends to finalize the purchase of an annuity contract in October 2025. The cost to satisfy KRIP’s liabilities will be affected by a variety of factors including interest rate fluctuations, the portion of active and terminated vested participants who elect lump-sum distributions, the premium payable to purchase the annuity, and other actuarial factors used to calculate the value of KRIP’s ongoing annuity obligations. While KRIP has hedging arrangements in place designed to hedge interest rates for practically all of KRIP’s liabilities, a significant portion of those arrangements are linked to fluctuations in US treasury rates and would not hedge against changes to the difference between the discount rates used to value KRIP’s liabilities and US treasury rates (i.e., the credit spread) or non-interest rate factors that may influence the amount of KRIP’s liabilities.

After KRIP’s liabilities and applicable legal requirements have been satisfied, KRIP’s surplus assets would revert to Kodak as the settlor of KRIP subject to an excise tax. Based on current assumptions, Kodak estimates KRIP would have surplus assets of approximately $850 million after the satisfaction of KRIP’s liabilities. The actual amount of surplus assets available after the satisfaction of KRIP’s liabilities will be affected by the actual amount paid to satisfy KRIP’s liabilities, the return on KRIP’s assets during the period over which KRIP’s assets are liquidated and its liabilities satisfied (the “Liquidation Period”), the degree to which KRIP’s hedging strategy is effective in hedging fluctuations in the amount of KRIP’s liabilities during the Liquidation Period, the amounts realized from Hedge Fund Assets in the course of their redemption during the Liquidation Period, the amounts realized from distributions from or any sale of remaining KRIP Illiquid Assets during the Liquidation Period, the value of Hedge Fund Assets or KRIP Illiquid Assets held in the portfolio at the time of reversion, actuarial experience on plan liabilities during the Liquidation Period, the duration of the Liquidation Period, and the costs associated with the termination and liquidation process.

In order to reduce the amount of the surplus assets subject to excise tax and to reduce the rate of the excise tax from 50% to 20%, Kodak expects that it would direct the transfer of or otherwise contribute 25% of the surplus assets (which may include all or a significant portion of remaining non-cash assets) to the Kodak Cash Balance Plan (the “Replacement Plan”). After the capitalization of the Replacement Plan and the payment of the 20% excise tax on the remaining surplus, Kodak projects it would receive proceeds from KRIP having a value of approximately $500 million, consisting of cash of approximately $300 million and the remaining amount in illiquid assets, primarily hedge funds, which are in the process of redemption. Kodak believes no material amount of income tax would be owed on this amount due to available tax attributes. In addition to the proceeds received by Kodak from KRIP, the Replacement Plan is projected to have assets having a value of approximately $220 million which would allow Kodak to provide valuable benefits to its current employee base for the foreseeable future without additional cash cost to Kodak.

Under the terms of the 2025 Term Loan Credit Agreement Amendments, Kodak is obligated to use 100% of the net cash proceeds of any reversion from KRIP (“Reversion Proceeds”) to prepay Term Loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement until the amount of the Term Loans is reduced to $200 million and, thereafter, to use 50% of the Reversion Proceeds to prepay Term Loans until the amount of the Term Loans is reduced to $100 million, in each case plus a 1% prepayment fee. Reversion Proceeds not used to prepay Term Loans would be included in the calculation of Excess Cash Flow as defined in the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement and could thereby trigger additional prepayment obligations under the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement which cannot be estimated at this time.

Kodak is required under the terms of the 2025 Term Loan Credit Agreement Amendments, to pay down the Term Loan balance using the $300 million of expected cash proceeds received from the KRIP reversion in December 2025. The cash proceeds from redemption of illiquid assets is expected to occur over several quarters and continue beyond the current contractual Term Loan maturity date of May 22, 2026. Assuming Kodak is not able to refinance or extend the Term Loan obligations prior to the contractual maturity date of May 22, 2026, or these obligations are not amended, waived or otherwise modified in the interim, no other prepayments are made in the interim and Kodak uses the Reversion Proceeds to prepay only the minimum amount required under the Amended and Restated Term Loan Credit Agreement, the outstanding Term Loan balance at May 22, 2026 is estimated to be approximately $175 million. Based on all of the foregoing projections and after the projected prepayment of Term Loans and receipt of cash from the redemption of illiquid assets and receipt of other assets, Kodak projects that it would ultimately receive cash or other assets from the KRIP surplus having a value of approximately $105 million over the next three years.

Kodak expects KRIP to distribute excess proceeds to the Company and the Replacement Plan in December 2025; however, this time frame is subject to factors beyond Kodak’s control including (i) the availability of an annuity product to satisfy KRIP’s annuity obligations at an acceptable cost and on acceptable terms, (ii) the continued conversion of investments into cash or other liquid assets at the pace currently anticipated, and (iii) regulatory review and approval of various aspects of the terms of KRIP, KRIP’s activities, and the termination and liquidation process.

Letter of Credit Facility Agreement

Approximately $24 million and $27 million of letters of credit were issued under the Amended and Restated L/C Facility Agreement as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The letters of credit under the Amended and Restated L/C Facility Agreement are collateralized by cash collateral (the “L/C Cash Collateral”). The L/C Cash Collateral was $25 million and $29 million at June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, respectively, which was classified as Restricted Cash.

Cash Flow

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances were as follows:

Cash Flow Activity

Operating Activities

Net cash from operating activities declined $40 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025 as compared with the corresponding period in 2024 primarily due to an increase in trade receivables of $54 million primarily driven by $40 million of cash proceeds related to brand licensing received in the first quarter of 2024. This was partially offset by a decrease in liabilities excluding borrowings and trade payables driven by Kodak’s election to pay the second quarter cash interest payment on the Term Loan entirely in PIK and a decrease in miscellaneous receivables and inventory.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased $17 million compared to the corresponding period in 2024 due to a decrease in proceeds received related to the sale of assets of $12 million and an increase in capital expenditures of $5 million.

Financing Activities

Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2025 decreased $16 million compared to the corresponding period in 2024 primarily driven by the $17 million Amended and Restated Term Loan prepayment in the prior year period.

Other Collateral Requirements

The NYS WCB requires security deposits related to self-insured workers’ compensation obligations, which security deposits are recalculated annually. Due to changes in 2019 to the manner in which the required security deposit is determined, the Company has been required to post additional collateral over the last several years. At December 31, 2022, the Company posted $75 million of collateral, representing 107% of the Company’s undiscounted actuarial workers’ compensation obligations. Effective May 1, 2023, the Company added New York to its existing workers compensation liability insurance policy and is no longer self-insured for future claims. As a result, the NYS WCB confirmed the Company will no longer be obligated to post any additional collateral. On July 1, 2025, the Company submitted a current actuarial report to the NYS WCB and requested a review of the collateral requirements. The NYS WCB confirmed no change in the collateral was required at this time.

Based on the legacy nature of the Company’s workers’ compensation obligations, the undiscounted actuarial obligation has been declining and the Company expects this trend to continue. While it may not be indicative of the rate of future declines, the undiscounted actuarial liability declined by an average of $5.1 million per year between 2014 and 2024. Accordingly, subject to the possibility of other changes to the calculation of required security deposits by the NYS WCB, the Company expects the amount of the required security deposits to decline over time and the gradual return of the security deposits that have been made or the capital used to support such security deposits.

In the third quarter of 2023, the Company deposited $68 million directly with the NYS WCB and cancelled the corresponding letter of credit supporting the associated liability. As of June 30, 2025, the Company had $45 million of surety bonds and $30 million deposited directly with the NYS WCB supporting the associated liability. The surety bonds are collateralized with $26 million of cash and the Company could be required to provide up to $19 million of cash or letters of credit to the issuers of certain surety bonds in the future to fully collateralize the bonds.

Other Uses of Cash Related to Financing Transactions

The holders of the Term Loans are entitled to quarterly cash interest payments at a rate of 7.5% per annum and holders of the Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to cumulative dividends payable quarterly in cash at a rate of 4.0% per annum. The May 2025 Term Loan Credit Agreement Amendment provides the Company the option to pay the Cash Interest Payment entirely in PIK for the next six quarterly interest payments. The Company elected to pay the Cash Interest Payment for the second quarter of 2025 entirely in PIK. In addition, until the second quarter of 2025, all dividends owed on the Series B Preferred Stock were declared and paid when due. No quarterly cash dividend was declared in the second quarter of 2025.

Series C Preferred Stock Exchange

On August 8, 2025, the Company issued 15,103,163 shares of common stock in exchange for all outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock, including accrued and unpaid dividends thereon (the “Series C Preferred Stock Exchange”), pursuant to a Series C Preferred Stock Exchange Agreement entered into with the Investor on August 8, 2025. The carrying value of the Series C Preferred Stock as of June 30, 2025 was $123 million. Following the completion of the Series C Preferred Stock Exchange, the Company had no outstanding shares of Series C Preferred Stock and the Company’s obligations with respect to the Series C Preferred Stock were fully discharged.

For additional information on the Series C Preferred Stock Exchange and related transactions, see Item 5(a) to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans

Kodak made net contributions (funded plans) or paid benefits (unfunded plans) totaling approximately $9 million to its non-U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans in the firstsix months of 2025. For the balance of 2025, the forecasted contribution (funded plans) and benefit payment (unfunded plans) requirements for its pension and postretirement plans are approximately $5 million.

Capital Expenditures

Cash flows from investing activities included $24 million of capital expenditures for the six months ended June 30, 2025. Kodak expects approximately $30 million to $40 million of total capital expenditures for fiscal year 2025.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

Preparation of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The accounting policies most critical to the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and that require the most difficult, subjective or complex judgments are described in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in the 2024 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in the Company's critical accounting policies or estimates since December 31, 2024.