Canopy Growth Corp
For the period ended Mar 31, 2025. Filed May 30, 2025.
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FY2025 · Filed May 30, 2025
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Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Canopy Growth Corporation
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Canopy Growth Corporation and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of two years in the period ended March 31, 2025, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended March 31, 2025, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated May 30, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion.
We also audited the adjustments to the March 31, 2023 consolidated financial statements to apply the retrospective adjustments relating to the share consolidation and the reporting of discontinued operations for the year ended March 31, 2023 as described in Notes 2 and 6, respectively, and the adjustments necessary to retrospectively apply the changes in the March 31, 2023 segment information as provided in Notes 26 and 35. In our opinion, such adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the Company’s March 31, 2023 consolidated financial statements other than with respect to the adjustments and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the March 31, 2023 consolidated financial statements as a whole.
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Emphasis of Matter
As discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company has experienced recurring losses from operations and requires additional capital to fund its operations, which raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The Company concluded that the substantial doubt raised about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern has been alleviated as a result of management’s plans discussed in Note 2. Our opinion is not modified with respect to that matter.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Fair value measurement of financial instruments and equity method investments carried at fair value
As discussed in Notes 5 and 13 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has financial instruments and equity method investments in Canopy USA, LLC (“Canopy USA”) and certain entities controlled by Canopy USA (the “Canopy USA LPs”). Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs currently hold an ownership interest in various United States (“U.S.”) cannabis operators
(“Operators”). As discussed in Note 25, there are significant unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs and the financial instruments. As of March 31, 2025, the equity method investments in Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs and financial instruments were recorded as other investments of $180.0 million, with a fair value loss of $400.2 million recognized in other income (expense), net, in the year ended March 31, 2025.
We identified the assessment of the fair value measurement of the equity method investments in Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs and the financial instruments as a critical audit matter. There was a high degree of subjective auditor judgment in the evaluation of the key assumptions that were not directly observable, when determining the fair value of the equity method investments in Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs and the financial instruments. The key assumptions included the probability of each scenario, the intrinsic value of the Operators, the probability and timing of U.S. legalization, the estimated premium on U.S. legalization, and the control premium. Additionally, the audit effort associated with the evaluation of the discount rate required specialized skills and knowledge.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter:
Evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the internal control over the Company’s key assumptions noted above.
Involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in evaluating the Company’s key assumptions noted above. The evaluation was achieved by applying the below procedures as applicable to the equity method investments in Canopy USA and the Canopy USA LPs and the financial instruments:
Assessed the appropriateness of the valuation methodologies (e.g., Discounted Cash Flow method “DCF”, Guideline Public Company “GPC” method) applied in determining the fair value of the Company’s minority equity investments, in line with ASC 820’s fair value hierarchy and the unit of account.
Tested the mathematical accuracy of valuation models and ensuring that the models were applied consistently and in accordance with ASC 820 guidance.
Performed independent calculations of enterprise value and equity value under both the DCF and GPC approaches using independently developed assumptions or ranges.
Reviewed the reasonableness of GPCs to ensure they are a reasonable proxy for the underly subject company being valued.
Corroborated market participant assumptions used in determining fair value, including benchmarking key inputs against market data such as cost of debt, weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”), or observed transaction activity.
Evaluated the probability and timing of U.S. legalization by monitoring political developments and the potential for relevant legislation in the U.S.
Performed sensitivity analysis around certain assumptions related to the DCF analysis and Black-Scholes calculation and determined degree of overall impacts on fair conclusions.
Corroborated market inputs used in valuation models such as volatility, risk free rates, and stock prices.
Assessed the appropriateness of disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.
Goodwill impairment assessment of the Storz & Bickel reporting unit
As discussed in Notes 3 and 16 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company reviews goodwill annually for impairment in the fourth quarter, or sooner if events or circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company may elect to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If factors indicate this is the case, then a quantitative test is performed and an impairment is recorded for any excess carrying value above the reporting unit’s fair value, not to exceed the amount of the goodwill. The fair value of the Storz & Bickel (“S&B”) reporting unit was determined using the income valuation method. The carrying value at March 31, 2025, of the goodwill associated with the Storz & Bickel reporting unit was $46.0 million.
We identified the evaluation of the recoverability of the carrying value of goodwill for the S&B reporting unit as a critical audit matter. Specifically, our evaluation of certain assumptions, including revenue growth rate projections and the discount rate, required a high degree of auditor judgment as they were based on subjective determinations of future market and economic conditions. Additionally, the audit effort associated with the evaluation of the discount rate required specialized skills and knowledge.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter.
We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of the internal control related to the Company’s goodwill impairment process.
We evaluated the reasonableness of the Company’s revenue growth rate projections for the S&B reporting unit by comparing these to publicly available market data, the Company’s business strategy, and historical performance.
We involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in:
Assessing the Company’s identification of reporting units and consistency of methodology with prior periods.
Reviewing management’s qualitative assessment (if performed) and corroborating market and industry data to support or challenge management’s assertion that it is more likely than not that the fair value exceeds the carrying value.
Performing sensitivity analysis on over key inputs.
Evaluating the discount rate by comparing it against a range of discount rates that was independently developed using publicly available market data for comparable entities.
Developing an estimate of the S&B reporting unit’s fair value using the reporting unit’s cash flow forecast and an independently developed discount rate and comparing the results of our estimate of fair value to the Company’s fair value estimate.
Assessed the appropriateness of disclosures in the consolidated financial statements.
/s/PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2023.
New York, New York
May 30, 2025
PCAOB ID No. 127
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors
Canopy Growth Corporation:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments relating to the share consolidation as described in Note 2, the reporting of discontinued operations as described in Note 6, and the reclassifications from Other to the Canada cannabis segment as described in Notes 26 and 35, the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows of Canopy Growth Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) for the year ended March 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). The 2023 consolidated financial statements, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments relating to the share consolidation as described in Note 2, the reporting of discontinued operations as described in Note 6, and the reclassifications from Other to the Canada cannabis segment as described in Notes 26 and 35, are not presented herein.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments relating to the share consolidation as described in Note 2, the reporting of discontinued operations as described in Note 6, and the reclassifications from Other to the Canada cannabis segment as described in Notes 26 and 35, present fairly, in all material respects, the results of the Company’s operations and its cash flows for the year ended March 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the retrospective adjustments relating to the share consolidation as described in Note 2, the reporting of discontinued operations as described in Note 6, and the reclassifications from Other to the Canada cannabis segment as described in Notes 26 and 35, and accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance about whether such adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Those adjustments were audited by other auditors.
Going Concern
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has material debt obligations coming due in the short-term, has suffered recurring losses from operations and requires additional capital to fund its operations, which raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/KPMG LLP
Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants
We served as the Company’s auditor from 2018 to 2023.
Ottawa, Canada
June 22, 2023
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Canopy Growth Corporation
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Canopy Growth Corporation’s (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control–Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of March 31, 2025 and 2024, and the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended March 31, 2025, and our report dated May 30, 2025, expressed an unqualified opinion.
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ PKF O’Connor Davies, LLP
New York, New York
May 30, 2025
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