Runway Growth Finance Corp.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1 – Organization

Runway Growth Finance Corp. (the "Company"), is a Maryland corporation that was formed on August 31, 2015. On August 18, 2021, the Company changed its name to “Runway Growth Finance Corp." from "Runway Growth Credit Fund Inc." The Company is an externally managed, non-diversified, closed-end investment company that has elected to be regulated as a business development company ("BDC") under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the "1940 Act"). In addition, the Company has elected to be treated, currently qualifies, and intends to continue to qualify annually as a regulated investment company ("RIC") under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code").

The Company was formed primarily to lend to, and selectively invest in, high growth-potential companies in technology, healthcare, business services, financial services, and select consumer services and products in other high growth industries. The Company’s investment objective is to maximize its total return to its stockholders primarily through current income on its loan portfolio, and secondarily through capital gain on its warrants and other equity positions. The Company’s investment activities are managed by its external investment adviser, Runway Growth Capital LLC ("RGC"). The Company’s administrator, Runway Administrator Services LLC (the "Administrator"), is a wholly owned subsidiary of RGC and provides administrative services necessary for the Company to operate. On January 30, 2025, a private investment fund advised by BC Partners Advisors L.P. ("BC Partners") acquired the majority equity interest of RGC, and Mount Logan Capital Inc., an affiliate of BC Partners, acquired the remaining minority equity interest, together acquiring the entirety of the outstanding equity interest of RGC (the "BCP Transaction").

On October 25, 2021, the Company closed its initial public offering ("IPO"), issuing 6,850,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $14.60 per share. Net of underwriting fees and offering costs, the Company received net proceeds of $93.0 million. The Company's common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market LLC ("NASDAQ") on October 21, 2021, under the symbol "RWAY".

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying interim unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP") and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10‑Q and in compliance with Regulation S-X under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company is an investment company following the specialized accounting and reporting guidance specified in the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 946, Financial Services — Investment Companies ("ASC 946").

In the opinion of management, all adjustments, all of which were of a normal recurring nature, considered necessary for the fair presentation of financial statements for the interim period have been included. The results of operations for the current interim period are not necessarily indicative of results that ultimately may be achieved for any other interim period or for the year ending December 31, 2025. The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes hereto should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K, as modified by the annual report on Form 10-K/A, for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on March 20, 2025 and March 27, 2025, respectively.

Principles of Consolidation

Under ASC 946, the Company is precluded from consolidating portfolio company investments, including those in which it has a controlling interest, unless the portfolio company is another investment company that is substantially wholly owned by it. An exception to this general principle occurs if the Company holds a controlling interest in an operating company that provides all or substantially all of its services directly to the Company or to its portfolio companies. None of the portfolio investments made by the Company qualify for this exception. Therefore, the Company’s investment portfolio is carried on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities at fair value, as discussed further in "Note 4 — Investments," with any adjustments to fair value recognized as "Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company’s consolidated operations include the activities of its wholly owned subsidiary, P3 Holdco LLC ("P3 Holdco"). P3 Holdco serves to facilitate the Company’s investment in Pivot3, Inc. ("Pivot3"). As a result, the Company consolidates the financial results of P3 Holdco in its consolidated financial statements in accordance with ASC 946 and treats its indirect investment in Pivot3 as a portfolio investment held at fair value. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The Company has determined that Runway-Cadma I LLC (the "JV") is an investment company under ASC Topic 946. However, in accordance with such guidance, the Company will generally not consolidate its investment in a company other than a substantially wholly owned investment company subsidiary, which is an extension of the operations of the Company, or a controlled operating company whose business consists of providing services to the Company. The Company does not consolidate its interest in the JV as it is not a substantially wholly owned investment company subsidiary of the Company. In addition, the JV is not an operating company and the Company does not control the JV due to the allocation of voting rights among the JV members. As a result, the JV is accounted for as a portfolio investment of the Company held at fair value and not included as a consolidated subsidiary in the Company's financial statements. Refer to the Consolidated Schedule of Investments for the Company’s equity interest in Pivot3 and the JV as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Transfers of Financial Assets

The Company follows the guidance in ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing, when accounting for transferred financial assets such as debt and equity assignments. Such guidance requires an assignment to meet the definition of a "participating interest", as defined in the guidance, and the following conditions to be met in order for sale treatment to be allowed:

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assigned investments have been isolated from the Company and put presumptively beyond the reach of the Company and its creditors, even in bankruptcy or other receivership;

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each participant has the right to pledge or exchange the assigned investments it received, and no condition both constrains the participant from taking advantage of its right to pledge or exchange and provides more than a trivial benefit to the Company; and

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the Company, its consolidated affiliates or its agents do not maintain effective control over the assigned investments through either: (i) an agreement that entitles and/or obligates the Company to repurchase or redeem the assets before maturity, or (ii) the ability to unilaterally cause the holder to return the specific assets, other than through a cleanup call.

Assignments and other partial debt or equity sales that do not meet the definition of a participating interest or the above conditions, should remain on the Company's Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities and the proceeds recorded as a secured borrowing until the definition is met.

Runway-Cadma I LLC

The Company entered into a joint venture agreement, effective as of March 6, 2024, with Cadma Capital Partners LLC ("Cadma") to create and co-manage the JV. The JV may invest in secured loans to growth-stage companies that have been originated by the Company. The Company and Cadma have equal ownership of the JV and each committed to provide $35.0 million of the total $70.0 million in equity capital. All portfolio decisions and generally all other actions with respect to the JV must be approved by the board of managers of the JV, consisting of an equal number of representatives of the Company and Cadma. Capital contributions are called from the Company and Cadma on a pro-rata basis based on their total capital commitments. For more information, refer to "Note 3 – Related Parties."

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expense during the reporting period. Changes in the economic and regulatory environment, financial markets, the credit worthiness of the Company's portfolio companies, and any other parameters used in determining these estimates and assumptions could cause actual results to differ from these estimates and assumptions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash consists solely of funds deposited with financial institutions, while cash equivalents consist of short-term liquid investments in money market funds. Cash and cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024,$3.5 million and$4.0 million was invested in money market funds, respectively. Dividends earned from money market funds are recorded in "Other income" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company may hold foreign cash from time to time as a result of transactions related to investments denominated in foreign currencies. Foreign cash includes the value of foreign currencies held and translated using the prevailing foreign exchange rates on the reporting date.

Investments Denominated in Foreign Currency

At each balance sheet date, portfolio company investments denominated in foreign currencies and any related receivables are translated into U.S. dollars using the spot exchange rate on the last business day of the period. Purchases and sales of foreign portfolio company investments, and any income from such investments, are translated into U.S. dollars using the rates of exchange prevailing on the respective dates of such transactions. As of March 31, 2025, the Company heldtwo investments denominated in British pound sterling, andone investment denominated in Euros. As of December 31, 2024, the Company heldtwo investments denominated in British pound sterling, andone investment denominated in Euros. Refer to the Consolidated Schedule of Investments and respective footnotes to the Consolidated Schedule of Investments for more details on the portfolio company investments held in foreign currencies as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Although the fair values of foreign portfolio company investments and the fluctuation in such fair values are translated into U.S. dollars using the applicable foreign exchange rates described above, the Company does not distinguish the portion of the change in fair value resulting from foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations from the change in fair value of the underlying investment. All fluctuations in fair value are included in "Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on non-control/non-affiliate investments" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Debt and Deferred Financing Costs

The debt of the Companyis carried at amortized cost on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities, which is comprised of the principal amount borrowed, net of unamortized debt financing costs. Debt financing costs ("DFC") are fees and other direct incremental costs incurred by the Company in relation to debt financing and are amortized over the life of the related debt instrument or the life of the cost respective service, if shorter, using the straight-line method, which closely approximates the effective yield method. Amortization of such debt financing costs and interest expense on the outstanding principal balance are recorded in "Interest and other debt financing expenses" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Debt financing costs that have not yet been amortized are recorded as "Unamortized deferred financing costs" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. To the extent there are no outstanding borrowings, the deferred financing costs are presented as an asset on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. Accrued but unpaid interest is included within "Interest payable" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. For more information, refer to "Note 7 – Borrowings."

Investment Transactions and Related Investment Income

The Company’s investment portfolio generates interest, fee, and dividend income. The Company records interest income on an accrual basis, recognizing income as earned in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement, to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected. The cost of each debt investment is adjusted for any discounts, premiums, upfront fees, and carve-outs representing the value of detachable equity, warrants, or another asset obtained in conjunction with the acquisition of debt investments (collectively "OID"), as well as any contractual end-of-term payments ("ETP"). The OID and ETP are capitalized into the adjusted cost basis and recorded as interest income over the term of the loan as a yield enhancement following the effective interest method. Upon prepayment of a debt investment, any unamortized OID and ETP is recorded as interest income and any prepayment penalties are recorded as fee income. Upon amending terms of an existing investment, any amendment fees charged are recorded as fee income. Fee income may also include income from bridge loans.

The Company currently holds, and expects to hold in the future, some investments in its portfolio with payment-in-kind ("PIK") interest provisions. PIK interest is computed at the contractual rate specified in each loan agreement and is added to the principal balance of the loan, rather than being paid to the Company in cash, and is recorded as interest income. The actual collection of PIK interest may be deferred until the time of debt principal repayment. PIK interest, which is a non-cash source of income, is included in the Company’s taxable income and therefore affects the amount of income the Company is required to distribute to stockholders to maintain its qualification as a RIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. For the three months ended March 31, 2025,10.3% of the Company’s total investment income was attributable to non-cash PIK interest. For the three months ended March 31, 2024,10.5% of the Company’s total investment income was attributable to non-cash PIK interest.

Dividend income is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are payable and expected to be collected. Dividend income is recorded on the record date for private portfolio companies and on the ex-dividend date for publicly traded portfolio companies. Interest income, if any, adjusted for amortization of market premium and accretion of OID and ETP, is recorded on an accrual basis to the extent that the Company expects to collect such amounts.

Security transactions, if any, are recorded on a trade-date basis. Realized gains or losses from the repayment or sale of investments are measured using the specific identification method. The Company reports changes in fair value of investments from the prior period as a component of "Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Non-Accrual Investments

Debt investments are placed on non-accrual status when principal, interest, and other obligations become materially past due or when it is probable that principal, interest, or other obligations will not be collected in full. At the point of non-accrual, the Company will cease recognizing interest income on the debt investment until all principal and interest due have been paid or the Company believes the borrower has demonstrated the ability to repay its current and future contractual obligations. Additionally, any OID and ETP associated with the debt investment is no longer accreted to interest income as of the date the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Any payments received on non-accrual loans are first applied to principal prior to recovery of any foregone interest or ETP. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal or interest are paid, and, in management’s judgment are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to this policy if the investment has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection such that the Company will be made whole on the investment, inclusive of interest and ETP.

The following table summarizes the cost, fair value, and types of incomenot recorded in "Interest income" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations related to senior secured term loans on non-accrual status as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

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Forgone interest income includes$0.3 million of accrued interest income that was reversed upon placement on non-accrual status.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures the value of its financial instruments at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure ("ASC 820"), issued by the FASB. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company's investment portfolio is reported at fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. All assets and liabilities approximate fair value on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities, with the exception of the Company’s borrowings, which are reported at amortized cost. For more information on financial instruments reported at cost, refer to "Note 5 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments."

ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. ASC 820 also provides guidance regarding a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes information used to measure fair value and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings and provides for enhanced disclosures determined by the level within the hierarchy of information used in the valuation. In accordance with ASC 820, these inputs are summarized in the three levels listed below:

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Level 1—Valuations are based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement date.

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Level 2—Valuations are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or for which all significant inputs are observable, either directly or indirectly and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant inputs are observable.

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Level 3—Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models incorporating significant unobservable inputs, such as discounted cash flow models and other similar valuations techniques. The valuation of Level 3 assets and liabilities generally requires significant management judgment due to the inability to observe inputs to valuation.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of observable or unobservable input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the instrument.

Under ASC 820, the fair value measurement also assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset, which may be a hypothetical market, and excludes transaction costs. The principal market for any asset or liability is the market with the greatest volume and level of activity for such asset or liability in which the reporting entity would or could sell or transfer the asset or liability. In determining the principal market for an asset or liability under ASC 820, it is assumed that the reporting entity has access to such market as of the measurement date. Market participants are defined as buyers and sellers in the principal or most advantageous market that are independent, knowledgeable and willing and able to transact.

Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act established additional requirements for determining the fair value of a BDC's investments in good faith for purposes of the 1940 Act. Rule 2a-5 permits boards, in compliance with certain conditions, to designate certain parties to perform fair value determinations, subject to board oversight. Rule 2a-5 also defines when market quotations are "readily available" for purposes of the 1940 Act and the threshold for determining whether a fund must determine the fair value of a security. Rule 31a-4 under the 1940 Act established additional recordkeeping requirements related to fair value determinations. Although the Company adopted certain revisions to its valuation policies and procedures to comply with Rule 2a-5 and Rule 31a-4, the Company's board of directors (the "Board of Directors") has not elected to designate a valuation designee.

Investment Valuation Techniques

With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available, the Company undertakes a multi-step valuation process each quarter, as described below:

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The quarterly valuation process begins with each portfolio company investment being initially valued by RGC’s investment professionals that are responsible for the portfolio investment;

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Preliminary valuation conclusions are then documented and discussed with RGC’s valuation committee;

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At least once annually, the valuation for each portfolio investment is reviewed by an independent valuation firm. Certain investments, however, may not be evaluated annually by an independent valuation firm if the net asset value and other aspects of such investments in the aggregate do not exceed certain thresholds;

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The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors (the "Audit Committee") then reviews these preliminary valuations from RGC and the independent valuation firm, if any, and makes a recommendation to the Board of Directors regarding such valuations; and

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The Board of Directors reviews the recommended preliminary valuations and determines the fair value of each investment in the Company’s portfolio, in good faith, based on the input of RGC, the independent valuation firm(s) and the Audit Committee.

The Company’s investments are primarily loans made to and equity and warrants of small companies with potential for fast growth focused in technology, healthcare, business services, and other high-growth industries. These investments are considered Level 3 assets under ASC 820 because there are no known or accessible market or market indices for these types of debt and equity instruments and, thus, the Board of Directors must determine the fair value of these investment securities based on models utilizing unobservable inputs.

The Audit Committee assists the Board of Directors in reviewing the fair value of investments that are not publicly traded or for which current market values are not readily available. Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued using market quotations, which are generally obtained from independent pricing services, broker-dealers or market makers. With respect to portfolio investments for which market quotations are not readily available, the Board of Directors, with the assistance of the Audit Committee, RGC and its valuation committee and independent valuation agents, is responsible for determining, in good faith, the fair value in accordance with the valuation policy approved by the Board of Directors. If more than one valuation method is used to measure fair value, the results are evaluated and weighted, as appropriate, considering the reasonableness of the range indicated by those results. The Company considers a range of fair values based upon the valuation techniques utilized and selects the value within that range that was most representative of fair value based on current market conditions as well as other factors RGC’s valuation committee considers relevant.

The Board of Directors makes this fair value determination on a quarterly basis and any other time when a decision regarding the fair value of the portfolio investments is required. There is no single standard for determining the fair value of investments that do not have an active public market. A determination of fair value of investments, particularly those of privately held companies, involves subjective judgments and estimates and depends on the facts and circumstances. In some cases, the fair value of such investments is best expressed as a range of values derived utilizing different methodologies from which a fair value may then be determined. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of portfolio investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of the investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.

Debt Investments

To determine the fair value of the Company’s debt investments, the Company compares the cost basis of the debt investment, which includes OID and ETP, to the resulting fair value determined using a discounted cash flow model, unless another model is more appropriate based on the circumstances at the measurement date. The discounted cash flow approach entails analyzing the interest rate spreads for recently completed financing transactions that are similar in nature to the Company’s investments, in order to determine a comparable range of effective market interest rates for its investments. The range of interest rate spreads utilized is based on borrowers with similar credit profiles. All remaining expected cash flows of the investment are discounted using this range of interest rates to determine a range of fair values for the debt investment.

This valuation process includes, among other things, evaluating the underlying investment performance, the portfolio company’s financial condition, enterprise value and existing capital structure, as well as the ability to raise additional capital, and macro-economic events that may impact valuations. These events include, but are not limited to, current market yields and interest rate spreads of similar securities as of the measurement date. Significant increases (decreases) in these unobservable inputs could result in significantly higher (lower) fair value measurements.

Under certain circumstances, the Company may use an alternative technique to value the debt investments that better reflects the fair value of the investment, such as the price paid or realized in a recently completed transaction or a binding offer received in an arms-length transaction, the use of multiple probability-weighted cash flow models when the expected future cash flows contain elements of variability or estimates of proceeds that would be received in a liquidation scenario.

Warrants

Fair value of warrants is primarily determined using a Black Scholes option-pricing model. Privately held warrants and equity-related securities are valued based on an analysis of various factors including, but not limited to, the following:

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Underlying enterprise value of the issuer is estimated based on information available, including any information regarding the most recent rounds of issuer funding. Valuation techniques to determine enterprise value include market multiple approaches, income approaches or approaches that utilize recent rounds of financing and the portfolio company’s capital structure to determine enterprise value. Valuation techniques are also utilized to allocate the enterprise fair value of a portfolio company to the specific class of common or preferred stock exercisable in the warrant. Such techniques take into account the rights and preferences of the portfolio company’s securities, expected exit scenarios, and volatility associated with such outcomes to allocate the fair value to the specific class of stock held in the portfolio. Such techniques include Option Pricing Models, or "OPM," including back-solve techniques, Probability Weighted Expected Return Models, or "PWERM," and other techniques as determined to be appropriate.

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Volatility, or the amount of uncertainty or risk about the size of the changes in the warrant price, is based on comparable publicly traded companies within indices similar in nature to the underlying company issuing the warrant. Significant increases (decreases) in this unobservable input could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value, but a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase or decrease in this unobservable input.

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The risk-free interest rates are derived from the U.S. Treasury yield curve. The risk-free interest rates are calculated based on a weighted average of the risk-free interest rates that correspond closest to the expected remaining life of the warrant. Significant increases (decreases) in this unobservable input could result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value, but a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase (decrease) in this unobservable input.

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Other adjustments, including a marketability discount on private company warrants, are estimated based on judgment about the general industry environment. Significant increases (decreases) in this unobservable input could result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value, but a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase (decrease) in this unobservable input.

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Historical portfolio experience on cancellations and exercises of warrants are utilized as the basis for determining the estimated life of the warrants in each financial reporting period. Warrants may be exercised in the event of acquisitions, mergers or initial public offerings, and cancelled due to events such as bankruptcies, restructuring activities or additional financings. These events cause the expected remaining life assumption to be shorter than the contractual term of the warrants. Significant increases (decreases) in this unobservable input could result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value, but a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase (decrease) in this unobservable input.

Success fees are valued utilizing a scenario analysis. Fair value is determined based on the potential success fee proceeds under varied timing of liquidity events during the life of the success fee agreement. At each potential exit scenario, a probability is ascribed based on the current expectations of an exit event for the portfolio company. The probability weighted value at each respective exit date is discounted to a present value and summed together to arrive at the fair value.

Under certain circumstances, the Company may use an alternative technique to value warrants that better reflects the warrants’ fair values, such as an expected settlement of a warrant in the near term, a model that incorporates a put feature associated with the warrant, or the price paid or realized in a recently completed transaction or binding offer received in an arms-length transaction. The fair value may be determined based on the expected proceeds to be received from such settlement or based on the net present value of the expected proceeds from the put option. Additionally, a waterfall approach, also known as the current value method, concludes the value of the security based on the current liquidation value, taking into account the concluded enterprise value and the rights and preferences of all the debt and equity securities that make up a company’s capitalization.

Equity Investments

The fair value of an equity investment in a privately held company is initially the face value of the amount invested. The Company adjusts the fair value of equity investments in private companies upon the completion of a new third-party round of equity financing subsequent to the Company’s investment. The Company may make adjustments to fair value, absent a new equity financing event, based upon positive or negative changes in a portfolio company’s financial or operational performance. The Company may also reference comparable transactions and/or secondary market transactions in connection with its determination of fair value. The fair value of an equity investment in a publicly traded company is based upon the closing public share price on the date of measurement. These assets are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Money market funds are valued based on the published net asset value per share on the day of valuation and are included in "Cash and cash equivalents" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

Investment Classification

The Company classifies its investments by level of affiliation and control. As defined in the 1940 Act, investee companies are deemed as affiliated investments when a company or individual possesses, or has the right to acquire within 60 days or less, beneficial ownership of 5.0% or more of the outstanding voting securities of an investee company. Control investments are those where the investor has the ability or power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of an investee company. Control is generally deemed to exist when a company or individual possesses, or has the right to acquire within 60 days or less, beneficial ownership of more than 25.0% of the outstanding voting securities of an investee company, or maintains greater than 50% representation on the investee company's board of directors.

Investments are recognized when the Company assumes an obligation to acquire a financial instrument and assumes the risks for gains or losses related to that instrument. Investments are derecognized when the Company assumes an obligation to sell a financial instrument and foregoes the risks for gains or losses related to that instrument. Specifically, the Company records all security transactions on a trade date basis. Investments in other, non-security financial instruments, such as limited partnerships or private companies, are recorded on the basis of subscription date or redemption date, as applicable. Amounts for investments recognized or derecognized but not yet settled will be reported as receivables for investments sold and payables for investments acquired, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

Income Taxes

The Company elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016, currently qualifies as a RIC, and intends to qualify annually for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. A RIC generally is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes on distributed income and gains so long as it meets certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and it distributes at least 90% of its net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains in excess of its net long-term capital losses, if any, to its stockholders. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its stockholders as dividends. Rather, any tax liability related to income earned by the Company represents obligations of the Company’s investors and will not be reflected in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The Company intends to make sufficient distributions to maintain its RIC status each year and it does not anticipate paying any material U.S. federal income taxes in the future.

Depending on the level of taxable income earned in a tax year, the Company may choose to carry forward such taxable income in excess of current year dividend distributions from such current year taxable income into the next tax year and pay a 4% excise tax on such income, as required. If the Company determines that the estimated current year taxable income will exceed the estimated dividend distributions for the current year from such income, the Company accrues excise tax on estimated excess taxable income as such taxable income is earned. Differences between taxable income and net increase in net assets resulting from operations either can be temporary, meaning they will reverse in the future, or permanent. In accordance with Section 946-205-45-3 of the ASC, permanent tax differences are reclassified from accumulated undistributed earnings to paid-in-capital at the end of each year and have no impact on total net assets. For more information, refer to "Note 10 – Income Taxes."

Per Share Information

Basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period presented. For the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share of common stock were the same because there wereno potentially dilutive securities outstanding. Per share data is based on the weighted-average shares outstanding.

Comprehensive Income

The Company reports all changes in comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company didnot have any other comprehensive income during thethree months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024. The Company’s comprehensive income is equal to its "Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Distributions

Distributions to common stockholders are recorded on the applicable record date. The amount, if any, to be distributed to common stockholders is determined by the Board of Directors each quarter and is generally based upon the Company's earnings estimated by management. Net realized capital gains, if any, are generally distributed at least annually. For more information, refer to "Note 9 – Net Assets."

Repurchases of Common Stock

Prior to December 31, 2024, the Company reported repurchases of common stock as a separate financial statement line item labeled as "Treasury stock" within "Total net assets" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities and Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets, and labeled any related activity as "Acquisition of treasury stock" on the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Net Assets and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. As of and for the year ended December 31, 2024, as required under Maryland law, any shares repurchased by the Company are to be returned to unissued common shares and amounts repurchased are presented as a deduction from "Common stock, par value" and "Additional paid-in capital". The prior period activity has been reclassified during the year ended December 31, 2024 as a "Reclassification of share repurchases" within the Statement of Changes in Net Assets.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). This change is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses, allowing financial statement users to better understand the components of a segment's profit or loss and assess potential future cash flows for each reportable segment and the entity as a whole. The amendments expand a public entity's segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, clarifying when an entity may report one or more additional measures to assess segment performance, requiring enhanced interim disclosures and providing new disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment, among other new disclosure requirements. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2023-07, and the disclosures required by the ASU have been included in the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements. For more information, refer to "Note 11 – Segment Reporting."

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

On November 26, 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-04, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20)- Induced Conversions of Convertible Debt Instruments ("ASU 2024-04"), related to induced conversions of convertible debt instruments. The amendments in this update clarify the requirements for determining whether certain settlements of convertible debt instruments should be accounted for as induced conversions rather than as debt extinguishments. This update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025, including interim periods within those fiscal years, though early adoption is permitted. The Company plans to adopt the pronouncement for our fiscal year beginning January 1, 2026 and is currently evaluating the potential effect that the standard will have on our financial statement disclosures.

Note 3 – Related Party Agreements and Transactions

Advisory Agreement

On November 29, 2016, the Board of Directors approved an investment advisory agreement between RGC and the Company, under which RGC, subject to the overall supervision of the Board of Directors, manages the day-to-day operations of and provides investment advisory services to the Company (together with a subsequent amendment thereto, the "Prior Advisory Agreement"). On August 3, 2017, the Board of Directors approved certain amendments to the Prior Advisory Agreement (the "First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement") and recommended that the Company’s stockholders approve the First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. The First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement became effective on September 12, 2017 upon approval by the stockholders at a special meeting of stockholders of the Company. On April 7, 2021, the Board of Directors approved certain additional amendments to the First Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the "Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement") at a virtual meeting and recommended that the Company’s stockholders approve the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement. The amendments included certain revisions to the management and incentive fee calculation mechanisms and clarified language relating to liquidity events. In reliance upon certain exemptive relief granted by the SEC in connection with the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Board of Directors undertook to ratify the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement at its next in-person meeting which was held in July 2021. The Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement became effective on May 27, 2021 upon approval by the stockholders at a special meeting of stockholders of the Company. On April 30, 2024, the Board of Directors renewed the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement for a period of twelve months commencing May 27, 2024.

On October 29, 2024, the Board of Directors, including the independent directors, approved the Third Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (the "Advisory Agreement") and recommended that the Company's stockholders approve the Advisory Agreement. On January 23, 2025, the Company's stockholders approved the Advisory Agreement at a special meeting of stockholders of the Company, and the Advisory Agreement became effective on January 30, 2025 upon the closing of the BCP Transaction. Although the ownership of RGC changed in connection with the completion of the BCP Transaction, the management of RGC did not change, nor did the terms of the Advisory Agreement compared to the Second Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement.

Under the terms of the Advisory Agreement, RGC:

•

determines the composition of the Company’s portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to the portfolio and the manner of implementing such changes;

•

identifies, evaluates and negotiates the structure of the investments the Company makes;

•

executes, closes and monitors the investments the Company makes;

•

determines the securities and other assets that the Company will purchase, retain or sell;

•

performs due diligence on prospective investments; and

•

provides the Company with such other investment advisory, research and related services as the Company may, from time to time, reasonably require for the investment of its funds.

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Company pays RGC a fee for its investment advisory and management services consisting oftwo components – a base management fee and an incentive fee. The cost of both the base management fee and incentive fee are ultimately borne by the Company’s stockholders.

Base Management Fee

The base management fee is payable on the first day of each calendar quarter and is calculated on the Company's "Gross Assets" which, for purposes of the Advisory Agreement, is defined as the Company’s daily average gross assets, including assets purchased with borrowed funds or other forms of leverage, as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter. The base management fee will be an amount equal to 0.375% (1.50% annualized) of the Company’s daily average Gross Assets during the most recently completed calendar quarter, so long as the aggregate amount of the Company’s Gross Assets as of the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter is equal to or greater than $1.0 billion. If the aggregate amount of the Company’s Gross Assets as of the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter is less than $1.0 billion but equal to or greater than $500.0 million, the base management fee will be an amount equal to 0.40% (1.60% annualized) of the Company’s daily average Gross Assets during the most recently completed calendar quarter. If the aggregate amount of the Company’s Gross Assets as of the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter is less than $500.0 million, the base management fee will be an amount equal to 0.4375% (1.75% annualized) of the Company’s average daily Gross Assets during the most recently completed calendar quarter.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, RGC earned base management fees at a rate of 1.50% per annum, amounting to$4.0 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, RGC earned base management fees at a rate of 1.50% per annum, amounting to$4.0 million. As the Company pays management fees at the beginning of each quarter, there wereno management fees payable as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

Incentive Fee

The incentive fee, which provides RGC with a share of the income that RGC generates for the Company, consists of an investment-income component and a capital-gains component, which are largely independent of each other, with the result that one component may be payable even if the other is not.

Under the investment-income component (the "Income Incentive Fee"), the Company pays RGC each quarter an incentive fee with respect to the Company’s pre-incentive fee net investment income ("Pre-Incentive Fee NII"). The Income Incentive Fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears based on the Pre-Incentive Fee NII for the immediately preceding fiscal quarter. Payments based on Pre-Incentive Fee NII will be based on the Pre-Incentive Fee NII earned for the quarter. For this purpose, Pre-Incentive Fee NII means interest income, dividend income and any other income (including any other fees, such as commitment, origination, structuring, diligence, managerial and consulting fees or other fees that the Company receives from portfolio companies) accrued by the Company during the fiscal quarter, minus the Company’s operating expenses for the quarter (including the base management fee, expenses payable under the amended and restated administration agreement with the Administrator, and any dividends paid on any issued and outstanding preferred stock, but excluding the incentive fee). Pre-Incentive Fee NII includes, in the case of investments with a deferred interest feature (such as OID and ETP accretion, debt instruments with PIK interest and zero coupon securities), accrued income the Company has not yet received in cash; provided, however, that the portion of the Income Incentive Fee attributable to deferred interest features will be paid, only if and to the extent received in cash, and any accrual thereof will be reversed if and to the extent such interest is reversed in connection with any write off or similar treatment of the investment giving rise to any deferred interest accrual, applied in each case in the order such interest was accrued. Such subsequent payments in respect of previously accrued income will not reduce the amounts payable for any quarter pursuant to the calculation of the Income Incentive Fee described above. Pre-Incentive Fee NII does not include any realized or unrealized capital gains (losses).

Pre-Incentive Fee NII, expressed as a rate of return on the value of the Company’s net assets (defined as total assets less liabilities) at the end of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter, will be compared to a "hurdle rate" of 2.0% per quarter (8.0% annualized). The Company pays RGC an Income Incentive Fee with respect to the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII in each calendar quarter as follows: (1)no Income Incentive Fee in any calendar quarter in which the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII does not exceed the hurdle rate of 2.0%; (2)80% of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII with respect to that portion of such Pre-Incentive Fee NII, if any, that exceeds the hurdle rate but is less than 2.667% in any calendar quarter (10.668% annualized) (the portion of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII that exceeds the hurdle but is less than 2.667% is referred to as the "catch-up"; the "catch-up" is meant to provide RGC with 20.0% of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII as if a hurdle did not apply if the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII exceeds 2.667% in any calendar quarter (10.668% annualized)); and (3)20.0% of the amount of the Company’s Pre-Incentive Fee NII, if any, that exceeds 2.667% in any calendar quarter (10.668% annualized) payable to RGC (once the hurdle is reached and the catch-up is achieved,20.0% of all Pre-Incentive Fee NII thereafter is allocated to RGC).

Under the capital gains component of the incentive fee (the "Capital Gains Fee"), the Company will pay RGC, as of the end of each calendar year,20.0%of the Company’s aggregate cumulative realized capital gains, if any, from the date of the Company’s election to be regulated as a BDC through the end of that calendar year, computed net of the Company’s aggregate cumulative realized capital losses and aggregate cumulative unrealized capital losses through the end of such year, less the aggregate amount of any previously paid

Capital Gains Fee. For the foregoing purpose, the Company’s "aggregate cumulative realized capital gains" will not include any unrealized gains. If such amount is negative, thenno Capital Gains Fee will be payable for such year.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, RGC earned incentive fees of$3.9 million; of which$3.0 million was payable in cash and$0.9 million was accrued and generated from deferred interest. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, RGC earned incentive fees of$4.7 million, of which$3.6 million was payable in cash and$1.1 million was accrued and generated from deferred interest. All incentive fees accrued and generated from deferred interest (i.e., PIK and certain ETP accretion) are not payable until receipt of associated cash by the Company, at which time the incentive fees are recategorized from deferred incentive fees payable to cash incentive fees payable. All figures presented for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are net of such recategorizations during the respective period.

As of March 31, 2025,$3.1 million were payable in cash, and$11.0 million were deferred incentive fees payable, both of which are included in "Incentive fees payable" on the Statements of Assets and Liabilities. As of December 31, 2024,$4.0 million of incentive fees payable were payable in cash, and$10.1 million were deferred incentive fees payable, both of which are included in "Incentive fees payable" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

The capital gains incentive fee consists of fees related to realized gains and losses and unrealized capital losses. As of each of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, there wasno capital gains incentive fee accrued, earned or payable to RGC under the Advisory Agreement.

Administration Agreement

The Company reimburses the Administrator for the allocable portion of overhead expenses incurred by the Administrator in performing its obligations under the amended and restated administration agreement with the Administrator (the "Administration Agreement,") including furnishing the Company with office facilities, equipment and clerical, bookkeeping and recordkeeping services at such facilities, as well as providing other administrative services. In addition, the Company reimburses the Administrator for the fees and expenses associated with performing compliance functions, and the Company’s allocable portion of the compensation of the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, Chief Compliance Officer and their respective support staff, as well as any expenses paid by the Administrator on the Company's behalf.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company incurred$0.6 million of Administration Agreement expenses, of which$0.2 million was payable to a third-party administrator and$0.4 million was overhead allocation expense. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company incurred$0.6 million of Administration Agreement expenses, of which$0.2 million was payable to a third-party administrator and$0.4 million was overhead allocation expense. All Administration Agreement expenses are recorded as "Administration Agreement expenses" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had accrued a net payable to the Administrator of$0.5 million and a payable to the third-party administrator of$0.3 million As of December 31, 2024, the Company had accrued a net payable to the Administrator of$0.3 million and a payable to the third-party administrator of$0.2 million. All payables related to the Administration Agreement are recorded within "Accrued expenses and other liabilities" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities.

License Agreement

The Company has entered into a license agreement with RGC (the "License Agreement") pursuant to which RGC has granted the Company a personal, non-exclusive, royalty-free right and license to use the name "Runway Growth Finance." Under the License Agreement, the Company has the right to use the "Runway Growth Finance" name, so long as RGC or one of its affiliates remains the Company’s investment adviser. Other than with respect to this limited license, the Company has no legal right to the "Runway Growth Finance" name.

Runway-Cadma I LLC

In March 2024, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with Cadma to create and co-manage Runway-Cadma I LLC, also referred to as the JV. The JV entered into a senior secured revolving credit facility with Apollo Capital Management, L.P ("Apollo Credit Facility"), which provided the JV with a $40.0 million commitment, subject to borrowing base requirements. The Apollo Credit Facility is non-recourse to the Company and bears interest at three-month SOFR plus 4.15%. As of March 31, 2025, the JV hasnot drawn on the available commitment in the Apollo Credit Facility.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, there were no additional contributions of equity capital to the JV by the Company or Cadma. As of March 31, 2025, the Company's unfunded commitment to the JV was$29.4 million, and the Company had$5.9 thousand in receivables from the JV related to shared expenses as of March 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the Company's unfunded commitment to the JV was$29.4 million, and there wereno receivables or payables between the Company and the JV as of December 31, 2024.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of the Company's equity interest in the JV was$5.9 million and$5.7 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the JV had the following contributed capital and unfunded commitments from its members (in thousands):

On August 14, 2024, the Company assigned: (i) $10.0 million of its debt investment in Airship Group, Inc. and (ii)107,296 warrants for shares of its Series F Preferred Stock of Airship Group, Inc., to the JV, for an aggregate purchase price of$9.9 million, net of upfront fees. In accordance with ACS 860, this transaction met the criteria for a sale. As of March 31, 2025, the JV had one debt investment with a fair value of$10.3 million and one equity investment with a fair value of$0.1 million. As of December 31, 2024, the JV had one debt investment with a fair value of$10.2 million and one equity investment with a fair value of$0.1 million.

Relationship with Oaktree Capital Management and OCM Growth Holdings

In December 2016, the Company and RGC entered into a strategic relationship with Oaktree Capital Management, L.P ("Oaktree"). In connection with the relationship, OCM Growth Holdings ("OCM Growth"), an affiliate of Oaktree, purchased an aggregate of 14,571,334 shares of the Company's common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $219.3 million in the Company's initial private offering and second private offering. As of March 31, 2025, OCM Growth owned 10,779,668 shares of our common stock, or 28.9% of the Company's outstanding shares. Pursuant to an irrevocable proxy, certain shares held by OCM Growth must be voted in the same proportion that the Company's other stockholders vote their shares. Of the 10,779,668 shares of the Company’s common stock owned by OCM Growth,10,294,926 shares, or 27.6% of the Company’s outstanding shares, are subject to this proxy voting arrangement.

In connection with OCM Growth’s commitment, the Company entered into a stockholder agreement, dated December 15, 2016, with OCM Growth, pursuant to which OCM Growth has a right to nominate a member of the Board of Directors for election for so long as OCM Growth holds shares of the Company’s common stock in an amount equal to, in the aggregate, at least one-third (33%) of OCM Growth’s initial $125.0 million capital commitment. Catherine Frey serves on the Company's Board of Directors as OCM Growth’s director nominee and is considered an independent director. Further, to the extent OCM Growth’s share ownership falls below one-third of its initial $125.0 million capital commitment under any circumstances, OCM Growth will no longer have the right to appoint a director nominee and will use reasonable efforts to cause such nominee to resign immediately (subject to his or her existing fiduciary duties).

Note 4 – Investments

Control and Affiliate Investments

The Company classifies its investment portfolio by level of affiliation and control in accordance with the requirements of the 1940 Act. As defined in the 1940 Act, investee companies are deemed as affiliated investments when a company or individual possesses, or has the right to acquire within 60 days or less, beneficial ownership of 5.0% or more of the outstanding voting securities of an investee company. Control investments are those where the investor has the ability or power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of an investee company. Control is generally deemed to exist when a company or individual possesses, or has the right to acquire within 60 days or less, beneficial ownership of more than 25.0% of the outstanding voting securities of an investee company, or maintains greater than 50.0% representation on the investee company's board of directors.

The Company’s affiliate and control investments as of March 31, 2025, along with the transactions during the three months ended March 31, 2025, are as follows (in thousands):

(1)

Gross additions include increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from fundings, PIK interest, accretion of OID and ETP, the exchange of one or more existing investments for one or more new investments and the movement of an investment between categories.

(2)

Gross reductions include decreases in the basis of investments resulting from principal collections related to investment repayments or sales, the exchange of one or more existing investments for one or more new investments and the movement of an investment between categories.

(3)

All affiliate and control investments, which as of March 31, 2025, represented 1.37% of the Company’s net assets, may be deemed to be restricted securities under the Securities Act, and were valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Company’s Board of Directors.

The Company’s affiliate and control investments as of December 31, 2024, along with the transactions during the year ended December 31, 2024, are as follows (in thousands):

(1)

Gross additions include increases in the cost basis of investments resulting from fundings, PIK interest, accretion of OID and ETP, the exchange of one or more existing investments for one or more new investments and the movement of an investment between categories.

(2)

Gross reductions include decreases in the basis of investments resulting from principal collections related to investment repayments or sales, the exchange of one or more existing Investments for one or more new investments and the movement of investment between categories.

(3)

All affiliate and control investments, which as of December 31, 2024, represented 13.90% of the Company’s net assets, may be deemed to be restricted securities under the Securities Act, and were valued at fair value as determined in good faith by the Company’s Board of Directors.

Portfolio Composition

The following table shows the fair value of the Company's portfolio of investments by geographic region as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

(1)

Runway-Cadma I LLC is a joint venture between the Company and Cadma. This entity invests in secured loans to growth-stage companies that have been originated by the Company. See "Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for further discussion.

The following table shows the fair value of the Company's portfolio of investments by industry as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024:

(1)

Multi-Sector Holdings consists of the Company's investment in Runway-Cadma I LLC, a joint venture between the Company and Cadma. This entity invests in secured loans to growth-stage companies that have been originated by the Company. See "Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for further discussion.

Derivative Financial Instruments

In the normal course of business, the Company may utilize derivative contracts in connection with its investment activities. Investments in derivative contracts are subject to additional risks that can result in a loss of all or part of an investment. The derivative activities and exposure to derivative contracts primarily involve equity price risks. In addition to the primary underlying risk, additional counterparty risk exists due to the potential inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts.

Warrants provide exposure and potential gains upon increases in the portfolio company’s equity value. A warrant has a limited life and expires on a certain date. As a warrant’s expiration date approaches, the time value of the warrant will decline. In addition, if the stock underlying the warrant declines in price, the intrinsic value of an "in the money" warrant will decline. Further, if the price of the stock underlying the warrant does not exceed the strike price of the warrant on the expiration date, the warrant will expire worthless. As a result, there is the potential for the entire value of an investment in a warrant to be lost. The Company’s volume of warrant investment activity is closely correlated to its primary senior secured loans to portfolio companies. Counterparty risk exists from the potential failure of an issuer of warrants to settle its exercised warrants. The maximum risk of loss from counterparty risk is the fair value of the contracts and the purchase price of the warrants. The Board of Directors considers the effects of counterparty risk when determining the fair value of its investments in warrants.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company had a realized loss of$1.3 million and a net change in unrealized gain of$0.8 million from its investments in warrants. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company hadno realized gains or losses and a net change in unrealized loss of$0.3 million from its investments in warrants. Realized gains and losses from warrants are included in the respective control, affiliate, or non-control/non-affiliate "Net realized gain (loss) on investments" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Unrealized gains and losses from investments in warrants are included in the respective control, affiliate, or non-control/non-affiliate "Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on investments"on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Note 5 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s assets recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy in accordance with ASC 820. Refer to "Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for a discussion of the Company’s policies.

Investments measured at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized in the tables below based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuationsas of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

(1)

In accordance with ASC 820, the Company's equity investment in Runway-Cadma I LLC is measured using the net asset value as a practical expedient for fair value, and thus has not been classified in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company transfers investments in and out of Levels 1, 2 and 3 as of the beginning balance sheet date, based on changes in the use of observable and unobservable inputs utilized to perform the valuation for the period.

The following table presents a rollforward of Level 3 assets measured at fair value as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands):

(1)

Net of reorganization and restructuring of investments.

The following table presents a rollforward of Level 3 assets measured at fair value as of March 31, 2024 (in thousands):

(1)

Net of reorganization and restructuring of investments.

The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements as of March 31, 2025 (in thousands):

(1)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s debt securities are origination yields and discount rates. The origination yield is defined as the initial market price of an investment in a hypothetical market to hypothetical market participants where buyers and sellers are willing participants. The discount rate is related to company-specific characteristics such as underlying investment performance, projected cash flows, and other characteristics of the investment. Significant increases or decreases in the inputs in isolation may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. However, a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase or decrease in the unobservable inputs.

(2)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s warrant and equity-related securities are inputs used in the OPM, which include industry volatility, risk free interest rate and estimated time to exit. The Equity Allocation model and the Black Scholes model were the main OPMs used during the period ended March 31, 2025. Probability Weighted Expected Return Models ("PWERM") and other techniques were used as determined appropriate. Significant increases (decreases) in the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. However, a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable inputs. For some investments, additional consideration may be given to data from the last round of financing or merger/acquisition events near the measurement date.

(3)

Warrant investments using a PWERM valuation technique contain success fees, in which case the inputs are not applicable because the nature of a success fee is a fixed payout dependent on certain liquidation events.

(4)

Investment valued using a PWERM valuation technique and includes inputs that are based on scenario analysis specific to the asset recovery of such investment.

(5)

Investment valued using a Waterfall valuation technique. The inputs utilized in the valuation are based on an option pricing model that was utilized to value the shares that JobGet Holdings, Inc. owns in JobGet, Inc.

The following table provides quantitative information regarding Level 3 fair value measurements as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

(1)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s debt securities are origination yields and discount rates. The origination yield is defined as the initial market price of an investment in a hypothetical market to hypothetical market participants where buyers and sellers are willing participants. The discount rate is related to company-specific characteristics such as underlying investment performance, projected cash flows, and other characteristics of the investment. Significant increases or decreases in the inputs in isolation may result in a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. However, a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase or decrease in the unobservable inputs.

(2)

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s warrant and equity-related securities are inputs used in the OPM, which include industry volatility, risk free interest rate and estimated time to exit. The Equity Allocation model and the Black Scholes model were the main OPMs used during the year ended December 31, 2024. Probability Weighted Expected Return Models ("PWERM") and other techniques were used as determined appropriate. Significant increases (decreases) in the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement, depending on the materiality of the investment. However, a significantly higher or lower fair value measurement of any of the Company’s portfolio investments may occur regardless of whether there is a significant increase (decrease) in the unobservable inputs. For some investments, additional consideration may be given to data from the last round of financing or merger/acquisition events near the measurement date.

(3)

Warrant investments using a PWERM valuation technique contain success fees, in which case the inputs are not applicable because the nature of a success fee is a fixed payout dependent on certain liquidation events.

(4)

Investment valued using a PWERM valuation technique and includes inputs that are based on scenario analysis specific to the asset recovery of such investment.

(5)

Investment valued using a Waterfall valuation technique. The inputs utilized in the valuation are based on an option pricing model that was utilized to value the shares that JobGet Holdings, Inc. owns in JobGet, Inc.

(6)

Includes Gynesonics, Inc., which was sold on January 2, 2025. As of December 31, 2024, the Company valued its investments in Gynesonics, Inc. at the expected sales proceeds from the acquisition.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Reported at Cost

The Company records its debt at amortized cost on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. The fair value of the Company’s Credit Facility, April 2026 Notes, December 2026 Notes, and August 2027 Notes (each defined in "Note 7 – Borrowings") are estimated using Level 3 inputs, which involves discounting the remaining payments based on comparable market rates or market quotes for similar instruments as of the measurement date. The July 2027 Notes and December 2027 Notes are publicly traded on NASDAQ and are valued using Level 1 inputs, reflecting the most recent market prices of$25.09 and$25.25 per share as of March 31, 2025, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, the market prices were$24.88 and$25.10 per share, respectively.

The following table provides additional information about the approximate fair value and level in the fair value hierarchy of the Company’s outstanding borrowings as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

Note 6 – Concentration of Credit Risk

In the normal course of business, the Company maintains its cash balances at large, high credit-quality financial institutions, which at times may exceed federally insured limits. The Company is subject to credit risk to the extent that any financial institution with which it conducts business is unable to fulfill contractual obligations on its behalf. The Company monitors the financial condition of those financial institutions and believes that risk of loss associated with any uninsured balance is remote.

In the event that a portfolio company completely fails to perform according to the terms of their loan agreement, the amount of loss due to credit risk from the Company's investments would equal the sum of the Company’s recorded investments in the portfolio company and the portion of unfunded commitments currently eligible to be drawn. Refer to "Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies" for a summary of the aggregate balance of unfunded commitments as of March 31, 2025. The Company predominantly collateralizes its investments by obtaining a first priority security interest in a portfolio company’s assets, which may include its intellectual property.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company’sfive largest debt investments in portfolio companies represented 29.7% and 28.8%, respectively, of the total fair value of the Company’s debt investments in portfolio companies. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had debt investments in 18 and 20 portfolio companies, respectively, that represented 5% or more of the Company’s net assets.

Note 7 – Borrowings

The following table shows the Company's borrowings as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

For thethree months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, the components of interest expense, amortization of deferred financing costs, unused fees on the Credit Facility (as defined below), and any other costs associated with the Company's borrowings were as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)

Unused facility and other fees for the three months ended March 31, 2024 include supplemental fees of$0.2 million, which were nonrecurring in nature.

Credit Facility

On April 20, 2022, the Company entered into an amended and restated credit agreement with KeyBank National Association, acting as administrative agent, CIBC Bank USA and MUFG Union Bank, N.A. as co-documentation agents, the guarantors party thereto and syndication agent and the other lenders party thereto, which initially provided the Company with a $225.0 million commitment, subject to borrowing base requirements (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the "Credit Facility"). On March 18, 2025, the Company entered into a Sixth Amendment to the Credit Facility, which amendment, among other things, (i) extended the maturity date and revolving period; (ii) permits future financing subsidiaries, and (iii) amended certain other terms of the Credit Facility, including without limitation loan eligibility criteria, the borrowing base calculation, and excess concentration measures.

As of March 31, 2025, the Company had$550.0 million in total commitments available under the Credit Facility, subject to an accordion feature that allows the Company to increase the total commitments under the Credit Facility up to $600.0 million. The availability period under the Credit Facility expires on March 18, 2028 and is followed by aone-year amortization period. The stated maturity date under the Credit Facility is March 18, 2029, unless extended.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest on a per annum rate equal to Adjusted Term SOFR plus an applicable margin rate that ranges from 2.95% to 3.35% per annum depending on the Company’s leverage ratio and number of eligible loans in the collateral pool. The Credit Facility provides for a variable advance rate of up to 65% on eligible term loans. The Company also pays an unused commitment fee that ranges from 0.25% to 1.00% per annum based on the total unused lender commitments under the Credit Facility.

The Credit Facility is collateralized by all eligible investment assets held by the Company. The Credit Facility contains representations, warranties, and affirmative and negative covenants customary for secured financings of this type, including certain financial covenants such as a consolidated tangible net worth requirement and a required asset coverage ratio. For all periods presented, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the weighted average outstanding principal balance was$255.2 million and the weighted average effective interest rate was 7.51%. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the weighted average outstanding principal balance was$234.9 million and the weighted average effective interest rate was 8.55%.

2026 Notes

On December 10, 2021, the Company entered into a master note purchase agreement, completing a private debt offering of $70.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 4.25% interest-bearing unsecured Series 2021A Senior Notes due 2026 (the "December 2026 Notes") to institutional accredited investors (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act")). The December 2026 Notes were issued in two closings: the initial issuance of $20.0 million closed on December 10, 2021 and the second issuance of $50.0 million closed on February 10, 2022. On April 13, 2023, the Company completed the first supplement to the master note purchase agreement, resulting in an additional private debt offering of $25.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.54% interest-bearing unsecured Series 2023A Senior Notes due 2026 (the "April 2026 Notes") to institutional accredited investors (as defined in the Securities Act). The December 2026 Notes and the April 2026 Notes (collectively the "2026 Notes") are subject to a 1.00% increase in the respective interest rates in the event that, subject to certain exceptions, the 2026 Notes cease to have an investment grade rating or receive an investment grade rating below the Investment Grade (as defined in the master note purchase agreement). The 2026 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.

December 2026 Notes

The December 2026 Notes bear an interest rate of 4.25% per year and are due on December 10, 2026, unless redeemed, purchased or prepaid prior to such date by the Company or its affiliates in accordance with their terms. Interest on the December 2026 Notes will be duesemiannually in arrears on June 10 and December 10 of each year.

Aggregate costs in connection with the December 2026 Notes issuance were $1.0 million, andwere capitalized and deferred. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unamortized deferred financing costs related to the December 2026 Notes were$0.3 million and$0.4 million, respectively.

April 2026 Notes

The April 2026 Notes bear an interest rate of 8.54% per year and are due on April 13, 2026, unless redeemed, purchased or prepaid prior to such date by the Company or its affiliates in accordance with their terms. Interest on the April 2026 Notes will be duesemiannually in arrears on April 13 and October 13 of each year.

Aggregate costs in connection with the April 2026 Notes issuance were $0.4 million, and were capitalized and deferred. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unamortized deferred financing costs related to the April 2026 Notes were$0.1 million and$0.2 million, respectively.

2027 Notes

July 2027 Notes

On July 28, 2022, the Company issued and sold $80.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.50% interest-bearing unsecured Notes due 2027 (the "July 2027 Notes") under its shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2. The July 2027 Notes were issued pursuant to the Base Indenture dated July 28, 2022 (the "Base Indenture") and First Supplemental Indenture, dated July 28, 2022 (together with the Base Indenture, the "Indenture"), between the Company and the Trustee, U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association.

The July 2027 Notes bear an interest rate of 7.50% per year and are due on July 28, 2027. Interest on the 2027 Notes will be duequarterly in arrears on March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 of each year. The July 2027 Notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at any time or from time to time at the Company’s option on or after July 28, 2024, at a redemption price of $25 per July 2027 Note plus accrued and unpaid interest payments otherwise payable for the then-current quarterly interest period accrued to the date fixed for redemption. The July 2027 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with the Company's existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness.

Aggregate costs in connection with the July 2027 Notes issuance, including the underwriter’s discount and commissions, were $2.7 million, and were capitalized and deferred. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unamortized deferred financing costs related to the July 2027 Notes were $1.2 million and$1.4 million, respectively.

August 2027 Notes

On August 31, 2022, the Company issued and sold a private debt offering of $20.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 7.00% interest-bearing unsecured Series 2022A Senior Notes due 2027 (the "August 2027 Notes") to an institutional accredited investor (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act).

The August 2027 Notes bear an interest rate of 7.00% per year and are due on August 31, 2027, unless redeemed, purchased or prepaid prior to such date by the Company or its affiliates in accordance with their terms. Interest on the August 2027 Notes will be duesemiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 of each year. The August 2027 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with all outstanding and future unsecured unsubordinated indebtedness issued by the Company.

Aggregate costs in connection with the August 2027 Notes issuance were $0.7 million, and were capitalized and deferred. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unamortized deferred financing costs related to the August 2027 Notes were$0.3 million and$0.4 million, respectively.

December 2027 Notes

On December 7, 2022, the Company issued and sold $51.75 million in aggregate principal amount of 8.00% interest-bearing unsecured Notes due 2027 (the "December 2027 Notes") under its shelf Registration Statement on Form N-2. The December 2027 Notes were issued pursuant to the Base Indenture and Second Supplemental Indenture, dated December 7, 2022, between the Company and the Trustee, U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association.

The December 2027 Notes bear an interest rate of 8.0% per year and are due on December 28, 2027. Interest on the December 2027 Notes will be duequarterly in arrears on March 1, June 1, September 1, and December 1 of each year. The December 2027 Notes may be redeemed in whole or in part at any time or from time to time at the Company's option on or after December 31, 2024, at a redemption price of $25 per December 2027 Note plus accrued and unpaid interest payments otherwise payable for the then-current quarterly interest period accrued to the date fixed for redemption. The December 2027 Notes are general unsecured obligations of the Company that rank pari passu with the Company's existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness.

Aggregate costs in connection with the December 2027 Notes issuance, including the underwriter's discount and commissions, were$1.9 million, and were capitalized and deferred. As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, unamortized deferred financing costs related to the December 2027 Notes were$1.0 million and$1.1 million, respectively.

Note 8 – Commitments, Contingencies, and Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

Commitments

The following table provides the Company’s contractual obligations as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

(1)

Excludes interest payable on borrowings, accrued expenses, and commitments to extend credit to the Company’s portfolio companies.

(2)

Amounts represent future principal repayments and not the carrying value of each liability (refer to "Note 7 – Borrowings").

Contingencies

The Company and RGC are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings, nor, to the Company's knowledge, is any material legal proceeding threatened against the Company or RGC. From time to time, the Company or RGC may be a party to certain legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings relating to the enforcement of their rights under contracts with its portfolio companies. The Company's business is also subject to extensive regulation, which may result in regulatory proceedings against it. While the outcome of any such legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not expect that any such proceedings will have a material effect upon its financial condition or results of operations.

Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

In the normal course of business, the Company may enter into investment agreements under which it commits to make an investment in a portfolio company at some future date or over a specified period of time. These unfunded contractual commitments to provide funds to portfolio companies are not reflected on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. With the exception of the JV, the availability of such unfunded commitments is subject to the specific terms and conditions of each contract, which may include, among other things, portfolio company performance requirements and time-based cancellation provisions. As a result, only a portion of unfunded commitments is currently eligible to be drawn.

The Company's unfunded commitments to provide debt and equity financing to its portfolio companies and Runway-Cadma I LLC amounted to$162.2 million and$176.7 million as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, shown in the table below (in thousands):

Note 9 – Net Assets

The Company has the authority to issue 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share. In October 2015, in connection with the Company's formation, the Company issued and sold 1,667 shares of common stock to R. David Spreng, the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, for an aggregate purchase price of $25 thousand.

Private Common Stock Offerings

On December 1, 2017, the Company completed its initial private offering ("Initial Private Offering"), in which the Company issued 18,241,157 shares of its common stock to stockholders for a total purchase price of $275.0 million in reliance on exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act, and other applicable securities laws.

Beginning October 15, 2019 and ending September 29, 2021, the Company completed multiple closings under its second private offering (the "Second Private Offering") and accepted aggregate capital commitments of $181.7 million. In connection with the Second Private Offering the Company issued 9,617,379 shares of its common stock for a total purchase price of $144.3 million. Concurrent with the IPO, all undrawn commitments under the Second Private Offering were cancelled.

On March 31, 2020 and March 24, 2021, the Company issued in aggregate 22,564 shares as an additional direct investment by Runway Growth Holdings LLC, an affiliate of RGC, at a per share price of $15.00 for total proceeds of $0.3 million in a private offering pursuant to an exemption from registration under Regulation D of the Securities Act.

Initial Public Offering

On October 25, 2021, the Company closed its IPO, issuing 6,850,000 shares of its common stock at a public offering price of $14.60 per share. Net of underwriting fees and offering costs, the Company received net cash proceeds of $93.0 million. The Company’s common stock began trading on NASDAQ on October 21, 2021 under the symbol "RWAY".

Repurchase Program

On February 24, 2022, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program (the "First Repurchase Program") under which the Company was authorized to repurchase up to $25.0 million of its outstanding common stock, at management’s discretion from time to time in open-market transactions and in accordance with all applicable securities laws and regulations. The Company repurchased 871,345 shares in connection with the First Repurchase Program for an aggregate purchase price of$10.8 million. The First Repurchase Program expired on February 24, 2023.

On November 2, 2023, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program (the "Second Repurchase Program"), under which the Company was authorized to repurchase up to $25.0 million of its outstanding shares of common stock, at management’s discretion from time to time in open-market transactions and in accordance with all applicable securities laws and regulations. The Company repurchased 1,961,938 shares in connection with the Second Repurchase Program for an aggregate purchase price of$23.5 million. The Second Repurchase Program expired on November 2, 2024.

On July 30, 2024, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program (the "Third Repurchase Program") under which the Company may repurchase up to $15.0 million of its outstanding shares of common stock, at management's discretion from time to time in open-market transactions and in accordance with all applicable securities laws and regulations. If not renewed, the Third Repurchase Program will terminate upon the earlier of (i)July 30, 2025 or (ii) the repurchase of $15.0 million of the Company's shares of common stock. From the inception of the Third Repurchase Program through March 31, 2025, the Company repurchased 1,199,867 shares for an aggregate purchase price of$12.5 million.

Distributions and Dividend Reinvestment Plan

The Company intends to pay quarterly distributions to its stockholders out of assets legally available for distribution. All distributions will be paid at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on the Company's earnings, financial condition, maintenance of RIC status for income tax purposes, compliance with applicable BDC regulations and such other factors as the Board of Directors may deem relevant from time to time.

The Company maintains a dividend reinvestment plan for common stockholders (the "Dividend Reinvestment Plan"). The Dividend Reinvestment Plan is administered by its transfer agent on behalf of the Company's record holders and participating brokerage firms. Brokerage firms and other financial intermediaries may decide not to participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan but may provide a similar distribution reinvestment plan for their clients. The share requirements of the Dividend Reinvestment Plan may be satisfied through the issuance of new common shares or through open market purchases of common shares by the Company.

For the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company declared dividends in the amount of$13.4 million, of which$13.2 million was payable in cash, with the remainder to be distributed in the form of shares of common stock to stockholders pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company didnot purchase any shares of common stock in the open market under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan. The dividends declared during the period had a payment date subsequent to March 31, 2025, and are therefore included in "Distributions payable" on the Consolidated Statements of Assets and Liabilities. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company declared and paid dividends in the amount of$19.0 million, of which$18.8 million was distributed in cash, with the remainder distributed in the form of 20,531 shares of common stock to stockholders pursuant to the Dividend Reinvestment Plan.

The following table summarizes the distributions declared and paid since inception through March 31, 2025:

Note 10 – Income Taxes

The Company elected to be treated as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code starting with its taxable year ended December 31, 2016. The Company currently qualifies and intends to qualify annually for the tax treatment applicable to RICs. A RIC generally is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes on distributed income and gains so long as it meets certain source-of-income and asset diversification requirements and it distributes at least 90% of its net ordinary income and net short-term capital gains in excess of its net long-term capital losses, if any, to its stockholders. So long as the Company maintains its status as a RIC, it generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes at least annually to its stockholders as dividends. Rather, any tax liability related to income earned by the Company represents obligations of the Company’s investors and will not be reflected in the consolidated financial statements of the Company. The Company intends to make sufficient distributions to maintain its RIC status each year and it does not anticipate paying any material United States federal income taxes in the future.

Federal income tax regulations differ from U.S. GAAP, therefore distributions in accordance with tax regulations may differ from net investment income and realized gains recognized for financial reporting purposes. Differences may be permanent or temporary in nature. Permanent differences are reclassified among capital accounts in the consolidated financial statements to reflect their appropriate tax character. Temporary differences arise when certain items of income, expense, gain or loss are recognized at some time in the future.

The following table sets forth the tax cost basis and the estimated aggregate gross unrealized gain (loss) on investments for federal income tax purposes as of and for the period ended March 31, 2025 and the year ended December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

The Company accounts for income taxes in conformity with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes ("ASC 740"). ASC 740 provides guidelines for how uncertain tax positions should be recognized, measured, presented and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements. ASC 740 requires the evaluation of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the course of preparing the Company's tax returns to determine whether the tax positions are "more-likely-than-not" of being sustained by the applicable tax authority. Tax positions deemed to meet a "more-likely-than-not" threshold would be recorded as a tax benefit or expense in the current period. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as "Tax expense" on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. There were no material uncertain income tax positions at March 31, 2025 or December 31, 2024. Although the Company files federal and state tax returns, the Company's major tax jurisdiction is federal. The previous three tax year-ends and the interim tax period since then remain subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service.

If the Company does not distribute (or is not deemed to have distributed) each calendar year the sum of (1)98% of its net ordinary income for each calendar year, (2)98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year and (3) any income recognized, but not distributed, in preceding years on which the Company paid no U.S. federal income tax(the "Minimum Distribution Amount"), the Company will generally be required to pay a U.S. federal excise tax equal to 4% of the amount by which the Minimum Distribution Amount exceeds the distributions for the year. To the extent that the Company determines that its estimated current year annual taxable income will be in excess of estimated current year dividend distributions from such taxable income, the Company accrues excise taxes, if any, on estimated excess taxable income as taxable income is earned using an annual effective excise tax rate. The annual effective U.S. federal excise tax rate is determined by dividing the estimated annual excise tax by the estimated annual taxable income.

If the Company does not qualify to be treated as a RIC for any taxable year, the Company will be taxed as a regular corporation (a "C corporation") under subchapter C of the Code for such taxable year. If the Company has previously qualified as a RIC but is subsequently unable to qualify, and certain amelioration provisions are not applicable, the Company would be subject to U.S. federal income tax on all of its taxable income (including its net capital gains) at regular corporate rates. The Company would not be able to deduct distributions to stockholders, nor would it be required to make distributions. In order to requalify as a RIC, in addition to the other requirements discussed above, the Company would be required to distribute all of its previously undistributed earnings attributable to the period it failed to qualifyas a RIC by the end of the first year that it intends to requalify. If the Company fails to requalify for a period greater than two taxable years, it may be subject to U.S. federal income tax at corporate tax rates on any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets (i.e., the excess of the aggregate gains, including items of income, over aggregate losses that would have been realized with respect to such assets if the Company had been liquidated) that it elects to recognize on requalification or when recognized over the next five years.

Note 11 — Segment Reporting

The Company operates through asingle operating and reporting segment with an investment objective to generate returns to stockholders primarily through current income on loans, and secondarily through capital gains on warrants and other equity positions. The Company's Chief Executive Officer is the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"). While the Company lends to and separately evaluates the performance of each of its portfolio companies across various industries, including technology, healthcare, business services, financial services, select consumer services and products, the CODM evaluates and monitors performance of the Company's business on an aggregated basis. Further, each investment is evaluated and managed using similar processes and shared operational support functions, such as deal origination, underwriting, monitoring, and compliance, in addition to administrative functions, such as human resources, legal, finance and information technology.

The CODM uses the Company's "Net investment income" and "Net increase (decrease) in net assets resulting from operations" as reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations to assess the Company’s performance and when allocating resources. "Net investment income" is comprised of consolidated total investment income (segment revenues) and consolidated total operating expenses (significant segment expenses), which are considered the key segment measures of profit or loss reviewed by the CODM. The information and operating expense categories included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations are fully reflective of the significant expense categories and amounts that are regularly provided to the CODM. All applicable segment disclosures are included in or can be derived from the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 12 – Financial Highlights

The following table sets forth the finan cial highlights for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands, except for per share data and ratios):

(1)

All per share activity, excluding dividends, is calculated based on the weighted-average shares outstanding for the relevant period.

(2)

Net accretion (dilution) represents the effect of issuance and repurchase of common stock.

(3)

Total return based on net asset value is calculated as the change in net asset value per share during the period, plus dividends per share, divided by the beginning net asset value per share. The total returns are not annualized.

(4)

Total return based on market value is calculated as the change in market value per share during the period, plus dividends per share, divided by the beginning market value per share. The total returns are not annualized.

(5)

The ratios are calculated based on weighted average net assets for the relevant period and are annualized.

(6)

The ratio includes annualized incentive fees and as incentive fees are performance driven, the amount expensed in future periods may vary significantly and is dependent on overall investment performance, early terminations, scheduled prepayments and other liquidity events.

(7)

The portfolio turnover rate for the period is calculated by taking the lesser of investment portfolio purchases or sales during the period, divided by the average investment portfolio value during the period. As such, portfolio turnover is not annualized.

Note 13 - Subsequent Events

The Company evaluated events subsequent to March 31, 2025 through May 12, 2025. There have been no subsequent events that occurred during such period that would require recognition or disclosure, except as disclosed below.

Borrowings

On April 7, 2025, the Company entered into the Master Note Purchase Agreement, dated April 7, 2025 (the “Note Purchase Agreement”), governing the issuance of 7.51% Series 2025A Senior Notes due April 7, 2028 (the “Series 2025A Notes”), in aggregate principal amount of $107.0 million, to institutional investors in a private placement.

The Series 2025A Notes have a fixed interest rate of 7.51% per year. The Company used the net proceeds from the offering of the Series 2025A Notes to repay outstanding indebtedness, make investments in accordance with the Company’s investment objective and investment strategy, and for other general corporate purposes of the Company.

The Series 2025A Notes will mature on April 7, 2028 unless redeemed, purchased or prepaid prior to such date by the Company in accordance with the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement. Interest on the Series 2025A Notes will be duesemiannually on April 7 and October 7 of each year, beginning on October 7, 2025. In addition, the Company is obligated to offer to repay the Series 2025A Notes at par (plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the date of prepayment) if certain change in control events occur. Subject to the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, so long as no Default or Event of Default (each as defined in the Note Purchase Agreement) shall then exist, at any time on or after October 7, 2027, the Company may, at its option, prepay all or any part of the 2025A Notes at 100% of the principal amount so prepaid, together with, in each case, accrued interest to the prepayment date.

The Note Purchase Agreement contains customary terms and conditions for senior notes issued in a private placement, including, without limitation, affirmative and negative covenants related to information reporting, maintenance of the Company’s status as a business development company within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, minimum shareholders’ equity, minimum asset coverage ratio and maximum secured debt ratio. The Note Purchase Agreement also contains customary events of default with customary cure and notice periods.

Distributions

On May 7, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a regular distribution of$0.33 per share and a supplemental distribution of$0.02 per share for stockholders of record as of May 19, 2025, each payable on or before June 3, 2025.

Recent Portfolio Activity

From April 1, 2025 through May 12, 2025, the Company completed$40 million of additional debt commitments, of which$27 million was funded upon closing.

Share Repurchase Program

On May 7, 2025, the Board of Directors approved a repurchase program (the “New Repurchase Program”) under which the Company may repurchase up to $25.0 million of its outstanding common stock. Under the New Repurchase Program, purchases may be made at management’s discretion from time to time in open-market transactions, in accordance with all applicable securities laws and regulations. If not renewed, the New Repurchase Program will terminate upon the earlier of (i)May 7, 2026 or (ii) the repurchase of $25.0 million of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock.