AVISTA CORP

The material risks to our businesses, and our mitigation process and procedures to address these risks, were discussed in our 2024 Form 10-K and have not materially changed during the three months ended March 31, 2025. See the 2024 Form 10-K.

Financial Risk

Our financial risks have not materially changed during the three months ended March 31, 2025. Refer to the 2024 Form 10-K. The financial risks included below are required interim disclosures, even if they have not materially changed from December 31, 2024.

Interest Rate Risk

We use a variety of techniques to manage our interest rate risks. We have an interest rate risk policy and a policy to limit our variable rate exposures to a percentage of total capitalization. Additionally, interest rate risk is managed by monitoring market conditions when timing the issuance of long-term debt and optional debt redemptions and establishing fixed rate long-term debt with varying maturities. See "Note 5 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for a summary of our interest rate swap derivatives outstanding as of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024 and the amount of additional collateral we would have to post in certain circumstances.

Credit Risk

Under the terms of interest rate swap derivatives, we may be required to post cash or letters of credit as collateral depending on fluctuations in the fair value of the instrument. A downgrade in our credit ratings could further impact the amount of collateral required. See “Credit Ratings” in the 2024 Form 10-K for further information. As of March 31, 2025, we had interest rate swap derivatives outstanding with a notional amount totaling $10 million and we had no cash deposited as collateral and no letters of credit outstanding for these interest rate swap derivatives. If our credit ratings were lowered to below “investment grade” based on our interest rate swap derivatives outstanding at March 31, 2025, the amounts we would be required to post for additional collateral are immaterial.

As of March 31, 2025, we had cash deposited as collateral of $2 million and letters of credit of $10 million outstanding related to our energy contracts. Price movements and/or a downgrade in our credit ratings or other established credit criteria could impact further the amount of collateral required. See “Credit Ratings” in the 2024 Form 10-K for further information. For example, in addition to limiting our ability to conduct transactions, if our credit ratings were lowered to below “investment grade” based on our positions outstanding at March 31, 2025 (including contracts considered derivatives and those considered non-derivatives), we would potentially be required to post the following additional collateral (dollars in millions):

Energy Commodity Risk

Our energy commodity risks have not materially changed during the three months ended March 31, 2025. See the 2024 Form 10-K. The following table presents energy commodity derivative fair values as a net asset or (liability) as of March 31, 2025 expected to be delivered in each respective year (dollars in millions). There are no expected deliveries of energy commodity derivatives after 2028.

The following table presents energy commodity derivative fair values as a net asset or (liability) as of December 31, 2024 expected to be delivered in each respective year (dollars in millions). There were no expected deliveries of energy commodity derivatives after 2027.

(1)

Physical transactions represent commodity transactions where we will take or make delivery of either electricity or natural gas; financial transactions represent derivative instruments with delivery of cash in the amount of the benefit or cost but with no physical delivery of the commodity, such as futures, swap derivatives, options, or forward contracts.

The above electric and natural gas derivative contracts will be included in either power supply costs or natural gas supply costs during the period they are delivered and will be included in deferral and recovery mechanisms (ERM, PCA, and PGAs), or in the general rate case process, and are expected to eventually be collected through retail rates from customers.

Future Resource Needs

2025 Natural Gas Integrated Resource Plan (IRP)

In March 2025, we filed our 2025 Natural Gas IRP with the WUTC, the IPUC and the OPUC. The IRP outlines a preferred resource portfolio which is designed to meet the forecast for system energy demand and comply with emissions legislation over the next 20 years. We regard the IRP as a tool for resource evaluation, rather than an acquisition plan for a particular project.

Highlights of the 2025 Natural Gas IRP include the following expectations and/or assumptions:

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Customer usage estimates are increasingly difficult to forecast due to the variety of rules and codes passed by Oregon, Washington, and federal administrations. The Washington building codes are assumed to remain in effect.

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The IRP focuses on greenhouse gas emissions compliance program constraints of the CCA in Washington and the CPP in Oregon.

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The Oregon preferred resource strategy assumes the utilization of renewable natural gas resources and energy efficiency investments, as well as emissions reductions after 2029 and carbon capture starting in 2035 as the primary tools to meet customer energy needs and comply with the CPP program requirements.

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The Washington preferred resource strategy assumes the utilization of conventional natural gas and energy efficiency, along with allowance offsets that are provided by the state or purchased by the Company and emissions reductions to meet the requirements under the CCA.

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The state of Idaho currently does not have any greenhouse gas emissions reduction policies, and as such the preferred resource strategy continues to utilize natural gas from existing access to supply basins, and our existing storage.