RADIAN GROUP INC

Consolidated Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities.

Operating Activities. Our most significant source of operating cash flows is from premiums received from our mortgage insurance policies, while our most significant uses of operating cash flows have typically been for our operating expenses, taxes and claims paid on our mortgage insurance policies. In addition, our operating activities also include Radian Mortgage

Capital’s purchases and sales of, as well as principal payments received from, residential mortgage loans held for sale, which can fluctuate from period to period. The increase in cash provided by operating activities in the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, is primarily due to a decrease in cash paid for operating expenses as a result of the Company’s ongoing expense reduction initiatives, which was partially offset by increases in net purchases of residential mortgage loans held for sale, which increased from $114 million in the first quarter of 2024 to $128 million for the same period in 2025.

Investing Activities. Net cash provided by investing activities increased for the three months ended March 31, 2025, as compared to cash used in investing activities in the same period in 2024. The increase was primarily from sales and redemptions, net of purchases, of fixed-maturities available for sale, which helped to fund certain of our financing activities described below.

Financing Activities. For the three months ended March 31, 2025, our primary financing activities impacting cash included: (i) repurchases of our common stock and (ii) payment of dividends. The net use of those financing activities was partially offset by proceeds from the issuance of securitized nonrecourse debt, net of amounts used to pay down a portion of our secured borrowings related to funding from mortgage loan financing facilities. See Notes 12 and 14 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our borrowings and share repurchases, respectively.

See “Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)” for additional information.

Liquidity Analysis—Holding Company

Radian Group serves as the holding company for our operating subsidiaries and does not have any operations of its own. At March 31, 2025, Radian Group had available, either directly or through unregulated subsidiaries, unrestricted cash and liquid investments of $834 million. Total liquidity was $1.1 billion as of March 31, 2025, and includes our $275 million unsecured revolving credit facility.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, Radian Group’s available liquidity decreased by $51 million, due to the payments for dividends and share repurchases, as described below, partially offset by a $200 million return of capital received from Radian Guaranty. See Note 16 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on this distribution.

In addition to available cash and marketable securities, including net investment income earned on such investments, Radian Group’s principal sources of cash to fund future liquidity needs include: (i) payments made to Radian Group by its subsidiaries under expense- and tax-sharing arrangements and (ii) to the extent available, dividends or other distributions from its subsidiaries.

Radian Group has in place a $275 million unsecured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of bank lenders. The revolving credit facility matures in December 2026, although under certain conditions Radian Group may be required to offer to repay any outstanding amounts and terminate lender commitments earlier than the maturity date. Subject to certain limitations, borrowings under the credit facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, including, without limitation, capital contributions to our insurance and other subsidiaries as well as growth initiatives. At March 31, 2025, the full $275 million remained undrawn and available under the facility. See Note 12 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on the unsecured revolving credit facility.

In connection with our Mortgage Conduit business, Radian Mortgage Capital has entered into the Master Repurchase Agreements. As of March 31, 2025, Radian Group has entered into three separate Parent Guarantees to guaranty the obligations under the Master Repurchase Agreements. See Note 12 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. In addition to financing the acquisition of mortgage loan assets under the Master Repurchase Agreements, Radian Mortgage Capital may fund such purchases directly using capital contributed from Radian Group.

We expect Radian Group’s principal liquidity demands for the next 12 months to be: (i) the payment of corporate expenses, including taxes; (ii) interest payments on our outstanding debt obligations; (iii) the payment of quarterly dividends on our common stock, which are currently $0.255 per share, and which remain subject to approval by our board of directors and our ongoing assessment of our financial condition and potential needs related to the execution and implementation of our business plans and strategies; (iv) the continued repurchases of shares of our common stock pursuant to share repurchase authorizations, as described below; and (v) investments to support our business strategy, including capital contributions to our subsidiaries.

In addition to our ongoing short-term liquidity needs discussed above, our most significant need for liquidity beyond the next 12 months is the repayment of $1.1 billion aggregate principal amount of our senior debt due in future years. See “Capitalization—Holding Company” below for details of our debt maturity profile.

Radian Group’s liquidity demands for the next 12 months or in future periods could also include: (i) early repurchases or redemptions of portions of our debt obligations and (ii) potential payments pursuant to the Parent Guarantees.

For additional information about related risks and uncertainties, see “Our sources of liquidity may be insufficient to fund our obligations” and “Radian Guaranty may fail to maintain its eligibility status with the GSEs, and the additional capital required to support Radian Guaranty’s eligibility could reduce our available liquidity” under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2024 Form 10-K.

In addition to Radian Group’s existing sources of liquidity to fund its obligations, we may decide to seek additional capital, including by incurring additional debt, issuing additional equity, or selling assets, which we may not be able to do on favorable terms, if at all.

Share Repurchases. During the three months ended March 31, 2025, the Company repurchased 6.5 million shares of Radian Group common stock under programs authorized by Radian Group’s board of directors, at a total cost of $207 million, including commissions. See Note 14 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details on our share repurchase programs.

Dividends and Dividend Equivalents. In February 2025, Radian Group’s board of directors authorized an increase to the Company’s quarterly dividend from $0.245 to $0.255 per share. Based on our outstanding shares of common stock and our current dividend level, we would require approximately $144 million in aggregate to pay dividends for the next 12 months, plus an incremental amount for dividend equivalents that will fluctuate based on final shares vested under our performance-based RSU programs. So long as no default or event of default exists under our revolving credit facility or the Parent Guarantees, Radian Group is not subject to any legal or contractual limitations on its ability to pay dividends except those generally applicable to corporations that are incorporated in Delaware. See Note 12 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. The declaration, level and payment of future quarterly dividends remains subject to the board of directors’ discretion and determination.

Corporate Expenses and Interest Expense. Radian Group has expense-sharing arrangements in place with its principal operating subsidiaries that require those subsidiaries to pay their allocated share of certain holding-company-level expenses, including interest payments on Radian Group’s outstanding debt obligations. Corporate expenses and interest expense on Radian Group’s debt obligations allocated under these arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2025, of $39 million and $16 million, respectively, were substantially all reimbursed by its subsidiaries. We expect substantially all of our holding company expenses to continue to be reimbursed by our subsidiaries under our expense-sharing arrangements. The expense-sharing arrangements, as amended, between Radian Group and its mortgage insurance subsidiaries have been approved by the Pennsylvania Insurance Department, but such approval may be modified or revoked at any time.

Taxes. Pursuant to our tax-sharing agreements, our operating subsidiaries pay Radian Group an amount equal to any federal income tax the subsidiary would have paid on a standalone basis if they were not part of our consolidated tax return. As a result, from time to time, under the provisions of our tax-sharing agreements, Radian Group may pay to or receive from its operating subsidiaries amounts that differ from Radian Group’s consolidated federal tax payment obligation. There were no tax-sharing agreement payments received by Radian Group from its subsidiaries during the three months ended March 31, 2025.

Capitalization—Holding Company

The following table presents our holding company capital structure.

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Calculated as carrying value of senior notes, which were issued and are owed by our holding company, divided by carrying value of senior notes and stockholders’ equity. This holding company ratio does not include the effects of amounts owed by our subsidiaries related to secured borrowings.

Stockholders’ equity decreased by $37 million from December 31, 2024, to March 31, 2025. The net decrease in stockholders’ equity for the three months ended March 31, 2025, resulted primarily from: (i) share repurchases of $207 million, excluding related excise taxes due and (ii) dividend and dividend equivalents of $38 million. These were partially offset by our net income of $145 million and a net decrease in unrealized losses on investment securities of $55 million as a result of decreases in market interest rates during the period. As of March 31, 2025, we did not expect to realize a loss for our investments in an unrealized loss position given our intent and ability to hold these investment securities until recovery of their amortized cost basis.

The increase in book value per share from $31.33 at December 31, 2024, to $32.48 at March 31, 2025, is primarily due to: (i) an increase of $0.98 per share attributable to our net income for the three months ended March 31, 2025, and (ii) an increase of $0.38 per share due to a net decrease in unrealized losses in our available for sale securities, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income. These increases were partially offset primarily by a decrease of $0.26 per share attributable to dividends and dividend equivalents.

We regularly evaluate opportunities, based on market conditions, to finance our operations by accessing the capital markets or entering into other types of financing arrangements with institutional and other lenders. We also regularly consider various measures to improve our capital and liquidity positions, as well as to strengthen our balance sheet, improve Radian Group’s debt maturity profile and maintain adequate liquidity for our operations. Among other things, these measures may include borrowing agreements or arrangements, such as securities or other master repurchase agreements and revolving credit facilities. In the past we have repurchased or exchanged, prior to maturity, some of our outstanding debt, and in the future, we may from time to time seek to redeem, repurchase or exchange for other securities, or otherwise restructure or refinance some or all of our outstanding debt prior to maturity in the open market through other public or private transactions, including pursuant to one or more tender offers or through any combination of the foregoing, as circumstances may allow. The timing or amount of any potential transactions will depend on a number of factors, including market opportunities and our views regarding our capital and liquidity positions and potential future needs. There can be no assurance that any such transactions will be completed on favorable terms, or at all.

Mortgage Insurance

Historically, one of the primary demands for liquidity in our Mortgage Insurance business is the payment of claims, net of reinsurance, including from commutations and settlements. See Note 11 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information on our mortgage insurance reserve for losses and LAE, which represents our best estimate for the costs of settling future claims on currently defaulted mortgage loans.

Other principal demands for liquidity in our Mortgage Insurance business are expected to include: (i) expenses (including those allocated from Radian Group); (ii) repayments of FHLB advances; (iii) distributions from Radian Guaranty to Radian Group, including returns of capital or recurring ordinary dividends, as discussed below; and (iv) taxes, including potential additional purchases of U.S. Mortgage Guaranty Tax and Loss Bonds. See Notes 10 and 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information related to these non-interest-bearing instruments.

The principal sources of liquidity in our Mortgage Insurance business currently include insurance premiums, net investment income and cash flows from: (i) investment sales and maturities; (ii) FHLB advances; and (iii) if necessary, capital contributions from Radian Group. We believe that the operating cash flows generated by Radian Guaranty, as well as our other immaterial mortgage insurance subsidiaries, will provide them with the funds necessary to satisfy their respective needs for the foreseeable future.

As of March 31, 2025, Radian Guaranty maintained claims paying resources of $6.2 billion on a statutory basis, which consist of contingency reserves, statutory policyholders’ surplus, premiums received but not yet earned and loss reserves. In addition, our reinsurance programs are designed to provide additional claims-paying resources during times of economic stress and elevated losses. See Note 8 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Radian Guaranty’s Risk-to-capital as of March 31, 2025, was 10.2 to 1. Radian Guaranty is not expected to need additional capital to satisfy state insurance regulatory requirements in their current form. At March 31, 2025, Radian Guaranty had statutory policyholders’ surplus of $708 million. This balance includes a $921 million benefit from U.S. Mortgage Guaranty Tax and Loss Bonds issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, which mortgage guaranty insurers such as Radian Guaranty may purchase in order to be eligible for a tax deduction, subject to certain limitations, related to amounts required to be set aside in statutory contingency reserves. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and “Radian Guaranty may fail to maintain its eligibility status with the GSEs, and the additional capital required to support Radian Guaranty’s eligibility could reduce our available liquidity” under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2024 Form 10-K for more information.

Radian Guaranty currently is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs. Private mortgage insurers, including Radian Guaranty, are required to comply with the PMIERs to remain approved insurers of loans purchased by the GSEs. At March 31, 2025, Radian Guaranty’s Available Assets under the PMIERs financial requirements totaled $6.0 billion, resulting in a PMIERs Cushion of $2.1 billion, or 53%, over its Minimum Required Assets. Those amounts compare to Available Assets of $6.0 billion and a PMIERs Cushion of $2.2 billion, or 56%, at December 31, 2024.

Despite holding assets above the minimum statutory capital thresholds and PMIERs financial requirements, the ability of Radian’s mortgage insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends on their common stock is restricted by certain provisions of the insurance laws of Pennsylvania, their state of domicile. Under Pennsylvania’s insurance laws, ordinary dividends and other distributions may only be paid out of an insurer’s positive unassigned surplus unless the Pennsylvania Insurance Department approves the payment of dividends or other distributions from another source.

Radian Guaranty received approval from the Pennsylvania Insurance Department to make a return of capital distribution to Radian Group of $200 million during the first three months of 2025 from its paid in surplus. We expect Radian Guaranty to maintain the ability to pay ordinary dividends during the remainder of 2025 and for the foreseeable future. See Note 16 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information on this return of capital distribution, as well as our statutory dividend restrictions and contingency reserve requirements.

Radian Guaranty is a member of the FHLB. As a member, it may borrow from the FHLB, subject to certain conditions, which include requirements to post collateral and to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock. Advances from the FHLB may be used to provide low-cost, supplemental liquidity for various purposes, including to fund incremental investments. Radian’s current strategy includes using FHLB advances as financing for general cash management and liquidity purposes. As of March 31, 2025, there were $32 million of FHLB advances outstanding. See Note 12 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

All Other

Additional capital support may also be required for potential investments in our other business initiatives to support our strategy of growing our businesses. During the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, Radian Group made $18 million and $30 million, respectively, of additional equity contributions to support our Title, Real Estate Services and Real Estate Technology businesses. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Radian Group made a $2 million, additional equity contribution to facilitate the growth of our Mortgage Conduit business.

In the event the cash flows from operations of our All Other businesses continue to be insufficient to fund all of their needs, Radian Group may continue to provide additional funds in the form of additional capital contributions or other support. See “Investments to grow our existing businesses, pursue new lines of business or develop new products and services within existing lines of business subject us to additional risks and uncertainties” under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2024 Form 10-K for additional information.

Ratings

Ratings independently assigned by third-party statistical rating organizations often are considered in assessing our credit strength and the financial strength of our primary insurance subsidiaries. Radian Group, Radian Guaranty and Radian Title Insurance are currently assigned the financial strength ratings set forth in the chart below, which are provided for informational purposes only and are subject to change. See “Potential downgrades by rating agencies to the current financial strength ratings assigned to Radian Guaranty and/or the credit ratings assigned to Radian Group could adversely affect the Company” under “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our 2024 Form 10-K.

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Fitch Ratings (“Fitch”), Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”) and S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) each currently rate the outlook for both Radian Group and Radian Guaranty as Stable.

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Senior debt ratings.