ACCURAY INC

Note 1. The Company and its Significant Accounting Policies

The Company

Accuray Incorporated (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company” or “Accuray”) designs, develops and sells advanced radiosurgery and radiation therapy systems for the treatment of tumors throughout the body. The Company is incorporated in Delaware and its headquarters are located in Madison, Wisconsin. The Company has primary offices in the United States, Switzerland, China, Hong Kong, and Japan, and conducts its business worldwide.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”), pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and note disclosures have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the annual financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments, which include only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the periods presented. The results for the three and six months ended December 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, or for any other future interim period or fiscal year.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on September 19, 2024.

Reclassifications

Amounts in the prior year unaudited condensed financial statements and notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.

Risks and Uncertainties

The Company is subject to risks and uncertainties caused, directly or indirectly, by events with significant geopolitical and macroeconomic impacts, including, but not limited to, inflation; actions taken to counter inflation, including high interest rates; foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations; uncertainty and volatility in the banking and financial services sector; tightening credit markets; geopolitical concerns, such as the Russia-Ukraine and Middle East conflicts and increasing tension between China and the U.S., including with respect to Taiwan; uncertainty caused by the China anti-corruption campaign and timing of the China stimulus program; the change in the U.S. presidential administration; recent executive orders to impose new tariffs on imports from Canada, Mexico and China and uncertainties regarding impact, retaliations and further escalation, including against other countries; and other factors that may emerge. The Company is also continuing to navigate supply chain and inflation challenges, and adverse foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, all of which continues to be a significant headwind that affects the Company’s results of operations.

The Company expects that the business of its customers and its own business will continue to be adversely impacted, directly or indirectly, by these macroeconomic and geopolitical issues. In addition, ongoing supply chain challenges and logistics costs, including difficulties in obtaining a sufficient supply of component materials and increased component costs, have adversely affected the Company's gross margins and net income (loss), and the Company’s current expectations are that gross margins and net income (loss) will continue to be adversely affected by increased material costs and freight and logistic expenses through fiscal year 2025. In addition, the Company expects inflation and the ongoing supply chain challenges and logistics costs to impact its cash from operations through fiscal year 2025. In addition, reduced budgets and lower capital deployment priority for radiotherapy equipment, along with longer customer installation timelines, in the United States have negatively impacted net revenue since fiscal year 2024, and the Company expects this will continue to have an impact through fiscal year 2026. The extent of the ongoing impact of these macroeconomic events on our business, our markets and on global economic activity, however, is uncertain and the related financial impact cannot be reasonably estimated with any certainty at this time. The Company’s past results may not be indicative of its future performance, and historical trends, including conversion of backlog to revenue, income (loss) from operations, net income (loss), net income (loss) per share and cash flows may differ materially.

The Company continues to critically review its liquidity and anticipated capital requirements in light of the significant uncertainty created by geopolitical and macroeconomic conditions. Based on the Company’s cash and cash equivalents balance, available debt facilities, current business plan and revenue prospects, the Company believes that it will have sufficient cash resources and anticipated cash flows to fund its operations for at least the next 12 months. The Company, however, is unable to predict with certainty the impact of geopolitical and macroeconomic conditions, including its effect on the global supply chain, inflation and foreign currency exchange rates, will have on its ability to maintain compliance with the debt covenants contained in the credit agreement related to its Credit Facilities (the "Credit Agreement"), including financial covenants regarding the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio and consolidated senior net leverage ratio. On September 12, 2024, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendment (the "Fourth Amendment") to the Credit Agreement to (i) change the requirements of certain financial maintenance covenants under the Credit Agreement for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2024, (ii) add a minimum liquidity covenant to the Credit Agreement and (iii) reduce the available revolving commitments available under the Credit Agreement to no more than $20.0 million. Failing to comply with the covenants to the Credit Agreement, as amended, could adversely affect the Company’s ability to finance its future operations or capital needs, withstand a future downturn in its business or the economy in general, engage in business activities, including future opportunities that may be in its interest, and plan for or react to market conditions or otherwise execute its business strategies. The Company’s ability to comply with the covenants and other terms governing the Credit Facilities will depend in part on its future operating performance. In addition, because substantially all of the Company’s assets are pledged as a security under the Credit Facilities, if the Company is not able to cure any default or repay outstanding borrowings, such assets are subject to the risk of foreclosure by the Company’s lenders. Failure to meet the covenant requirements in the future could cause the Company to be in default and the maturity of the related debt could be accelerated and become immediately payable. This may require the Company to obtain waivers or additional amendments to the Credit Agreement in order to maintain compliance and there can be no certainty that any such waiver or amendment will be available, or what the cost of such waiver or amendment, if obtained, would be. If the Company is unable to obtain necessary waivers or amendments and the debt under such credit facility is accelerated, the Company would be required to obtain replacement financing at prevailing market rates, which may not be favorable to the Company. There is no guarantee that the Company would be able to satisfy its obligations if any of its indebtedness is accelerated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures at the date of the financial statements. The Company assessed certain accounting matters that generally require consideration of forecasted financial information in context with the information reasonably available to the Company. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies during the six months ended December 31, 2024, compared to the significant accounting policies described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2024.

Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07 to improve reportable segment disclosures. The ASU is intended to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant expenses. The ASU requires disclosures to include significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), a description of other segment items by reportable segment, and any additional measures of a segment's profit or loss used by the CODM when deciding how to allocate resources. The ASU also requires all annual disclosures to be disclosed in interim periods. The update will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company adopted ASU 2023-07 on July 1, 2024. The Company assessed the impact of this update and expects it will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statement disclosure requirements.

Accounting Pronouncements -Not Yet Effective

In November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued accounting standard update (“ASU”) 2024-03 requiring additional disclosure of the nature of expenses included in the income statement. The new standard requires disclosures about specific types of expenses included in the expense captions presented on the face of the income statement as well as disclosures about selling expenses. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The requirements will be applied prospectively with the option for retrospective application. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of adopting the updated provisions.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to improve the transparency and usefulness of income tax disclosures. The accounting standard expands disclosures to the entity’s income tax rate reconciliation table and requires cash taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. These changes will be applied on a prospective basis. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company plans to adopt ASU 2023-09 on July 1, 2025. The ASU requires retrospective application to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently assessing the timing and impact of adopting the updated provisions.

Note 2. Revenue

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in trade receivables, unbilled receivables, and deferred revenues on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company may offer longer or extended payment terms of more than one year for qualified customers in some circumstances. At times, revenue recognition occurs before the billing, resulting in an unbilled receivable, which represents a contract asset. The contract asset is a component of accounts receivable and other assets for the current and non-current portions, respectively. When the Company receives advances or deposits from customers before revenue is recognized, this results in a contract liability. It can take two or more years from the time of order to revenue recognition due to the Company’s long sales cycle.

Changes in the contract assets and liabilities are as follows (dollars in thousands):

(1)

Included in accounts receivable on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(2)

Included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

(3)

Included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

During the six months ended December 31, 2024, contract assets changed primarily due to changes in the timing of billings that occurred after revenues were recognized and changes in transactions with payment terms exceeding 12 months. During the six months ended December 31, 2024, contract liabilities changed due to changes in the timing of revenue recognition as a result of changes in shipping timing, modifications to the transaction price, reduced customer deposits for system sales, and for which the warranty was deferred.

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized revenue of$16.7 million and$44.2 million, which was included in the deferred revenue balances at June 30, 2024. During the three and six months ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized revenue of$21.2 million and$51.2 million, which was included in the deferred revenue balances at June 30, 2023.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent deferred revenue from open contracts for which performance has already started and the transaction price from executed contracts for which performance has not yet started. Service contracts in general are considered month-to-month contracts.

As of December 31, 2024, total remaining performance obligations amounted to$886.7 million. Of this total amount,$60.3 million related to long-term warranty and non-cancellable post-warranty services, which is the estimated revenue expected to be recognized over the remaining service period and warranty period for systems that have been delivered (the time bands reflect management’s best estimate of when the Company will transfer control to the customer and may change based on timing of shipment, readiness of customers’ facilities for installation, installation requirements, and availability of products). The Company has elected the practical expedient to not disclose the unsatisfied performance obligations of contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.

The following table represents the Company's remaining performance obligations related to long-term warranty and non-cancellable post-warranty services as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands):

For the remaining$826.4 million of performance obligations (i.e., open systems sales, upgrades, training and other miscellaneous items), the Company estimates 28% to 36% will be recognized in the next 12 months, and the remaining portion will be recognized thereafter. The Company’s historical experience indicates that some of its customers will cancel or renegotiate contracts as economic conditions change or when product offerings change during the long sales cycle. The Company anticipates a portion of its open contracts may never result in revenue recognition primarily due to the long sales cycle and factors outside of its control, including changes to its customers' needs or financial condition, changes in government or health insurance reimbursement policies, or changes to regulatory requirements. Based on historical experience and management's best estimate, approximately 26% of the Company’s$781.9 million open system sales contracts as of December 31, 2024 may never result in revenue.

Capitalized Contract Costs

As of December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024, the balance of capitalized costs to obtain a contract was$10.0 million and$9.6 million, respectively. The Company has classified the capitalized costs to obtain a contract as a component of prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets with respect to the current and non-current portions of capitalized costs, respectively, on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Expenses related tocapitalized costs to obtain a contract consisted of the following (in thousands):

Note 3. Supplemental Financial Information

Balance Sheet Components

Financing receivables

A financing receivable is a contractual right to receive money, on demand or on fixed or determinable dates, that is recognized as an asset on the Company’s balance sheets. The Company’s financing receivables, consisting of its accounts receivable with contractual maturities of more than one year are included in other assets on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company evaluates the credit quality of a customer at contract inception and monitors credit quality over the term of the underlying transactions. The Company performs a credit analysis for all new orders and reviews payment history, current order backlog, financial performance of the customers and other variables that augment or mitigate the inherent credit risk of a particular transaction. Such variables include the underlying value and liquidity of the collateral, the essential use of the equipment, the contract term and the inclusion of credit enhancements, such as guarantees, letters of credit or security deposits. The Company classifies accounts as high risk when it considers the financing receivable to be impaired or when management believes there is a significant near-term risk of non‑payment. The Company performs an assessment each quarter of the allowance for credit losses related to its financing receivables.

A summary of the Company’s financing receivables is presented as follows (in thousands):

Inventories, net

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):

The Company's inventories on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets are net of reserves.

Prepaid and Other Current Assets

Prepaid and other current assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was$1.5 million and$3.0 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2024, and$1.5 million and$2.7 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2023, respectively.

Goodwill

Activity related to goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test in the quarter ended December 31, 2024, and determined that there was no impairment to goodwill. The Company will continue to monitor its recorded goodwill for indicators of impairment every fiscal quarter.

Other Assets

Other assets consisted of the following (in thousands):

The Company didnot identify any triggering events that would indicate a potential impairment of its definite-lived intangible and long-lived assets as of December 31, 2024. There wasno amortization expense or amounts written down to net realizable value for the capitalized software costs to be sold during thethree and six months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.

Other Accrued Liabilities

Other accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Treasury Stock

The Company records treasury stock at cost. Treasury stock is comprised of shares of common stock purchased by the Company in the secondary market. As of December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024, the Company had 3.1 million shares of treasury stock valued at $14.1 million. Treasury stock is included in Additional paid-in capital on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss are excluded from earnings and reported as a component of stockholders’ equity. The foreign currency translation adjustment results from those subsidiaries not using the U.S. Dollar as their functional currency since the majority of their economic activities are primarily denominated in their applicable local currency. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities related to these operations are translated to the U.S. Dollar at the current exchange rates at the end of each period. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the period.

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the stockholders' equity section of the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows (in thousands):

Statements of Operations

Other income (expense), net, consisted of the following (in thousands):

Note 4. Leases

The Company has operating leases for corporate offices and warehouse facilities worldwide. Additionally, the Company leases cars and copy machines that are considered operating leases. Some of the Company’s leases are non-cancellable operating lease agreements with various expiration dates through June 2035. Certain lease agreements include options to renew or terminate the lease, which are not reasonably certain to be exercised and therefore, are not factored into the determination of lease payments.

The following table provides information related to the Company’s operating leases (in thousands):

(1)

Excludes expenses related to short-term lease operating costs.

Operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):

Maturities of operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024 are presented in the table below (dollars in thousands):

Note 5. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company utilizes foreign currency forward contracts with reputable financial institutions to manage its exposure of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates on certain intercompany balances and foreign currency denominated cash, customer receivables and liabilities. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes. These forward contracts are not designated as hedging instruments for accounting purposes. Principal hedged currencies primarily include the Japanese Yen, Swiss Franc, and Euro. The periods of these forward contracts range up to approximately three months and the notional amounts are intended to be consistent with changes in the underlying exposures.

The notional amount of the Company's outstanding forward currency exchange contracts consisted of the following (in thousands):

Gains and losses on the Company's foreign currency forward contracts are recorded in Other income (expense), net, on the Company's unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. The following table provides information about the gain or loss associated with the Company’s derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments (in thousands):

Note 6. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability, in the principal or most advantageous market, for the asset or liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value, as follows:

•

Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

•

Level 2—Other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly, including: quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets in non-active markets; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by other observable market data.

•

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and require the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

Assets and Liabilities That Are Measured at Fair Value

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies with a stated or notional value of$79.6 million. The fair value of the underlying currency, based upon the December 31, 2024 exchange rate, was$79.5 million, which it considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company had open currency forward contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies with a stated or notional value of$88.0 million. The fair value of the underlying currency, based upon the June 30, 2024 exchange rate, was$87.7 million, which it considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The Company’s convertible debt is measured on a recurring basis using Level 2 based upon observable inputs. The Company's Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facility (as defined in Note 8) collectively (the “Credit Facilities”) reflect the bank quoted market rates, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 fair value measurement. The Company believes that the carrying value of the Credit Facilities approximates its estimated fair value based on the effective interest rate, compared to the current market rate available to the Company at quarter-end.

The table below summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair value of the 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026, Term Loan Facility, and the Revolving Credit Facility (in thousands):

Note 7. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal proceedings, including claims, investigations, and inquiries, arising in the ordinary course of its business. The Company records a provision for a loss when it believes that it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. To the extent there is a reasonable possibility that a loss exceeding amounts already recognized may be incurred and the amount of such additional loss would be material, we will either disclose the estimated additional loss or state that such an estimate cannot be made. Currently, management believes the Company does not have any probable and reasonably estimable material losses related to any current legal proceedings and claims. Although occasional adverse decisions or settlements may occur, management does not believe that an adverse determination with respect to any of these claims would individually, or in the aggregate, materially and adversely affect the Company’s financial condition or operating results. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and is subject to significant uncertainties, some of which are beyond the Company’s control. Should any of these estimates and assumptions change or prove to have been incorrect, the Company could incur significant charges related to legal matters that could have a material impact on its results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

Indemnities

Under the terms of the Company’s software license agreements with its customers, the Company agrees that in the event the software sold infringes upon any patent, copyright, trademark, or any other proprietary right of a third‑party, it will indemnify its customer licensees against any loss, expense, or liability from any damages that may be awarded against its customer. The Company includes this infringement indemnification in all of its software license agreements and selected managed services arrangements. In the event the customer cannot use the software or service due to infringement and the Company cannot obtain the right to use, replace or modify the license or service in a commercially feasible manner so that it no longer infringes, then the Company may terminate the license and provide the customer a refund of the fees paid by the customer for the infringing license or service. The Company has not recorded any liability associated with this indemnification, as it is not aware of any pending or threatened actions that represent probable losses as of December 31, 2024.

The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements with its landlords and all superior mortgagees and their respective directors, officers, agents, and employees in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company will indemnify, hold harmless, and agree to reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally the landlords, in connection with any loss, accident, injury, or damage by any third‑party with respect to the leased facilities. The term of these indemnification agreements is from the commencement of the lease agreements until termination of the lease agreements. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited; however, historically, the Company has not incurred claims or costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. The Company has not recorded any liability associated with its indemnification agreements as it is not aware of any pending or threatened actions that represent probable losses as of December 31, 2024.

Guarantees

As of December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024, the Company had various bank guarantees totaling$1.3 million and$1.1 million, respectively, primarily related to bidding processes with customers.

Royalty Agreement

The Company enters into software license agreements with third parties that require royalty payments for each license used. In connection with such agreements, the Company records royalty costs in cost of revenue or deferred cost of revenue. The Company had approximately$3.0 million and$2.9 million in accrued royalty payments as of December 31, 2024, and June 30, 2024, respectively, related to royalty agreements. The following table provides information about the Company’s royalty expense and royalty payments (in thousands):

Note 8. Debt

The Company's outstanding debt as of December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024, is as follows (in thousands):

3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due June 2026

In May 2021, the Company issued $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Convertible Senior Notes due June 2026 (the “3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026”) under an indenture agreement between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee. As of December 31, 2024, the if-converted value of its 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 did not exceed the outstanding principal amount.

Credit Facilities

The Company hasa $40.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and afive-year $80.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan Facility” and together with the Revolving Credit Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). Interest on the borrowings under the Credit Facilities is payable in arrears on the applicable interest payment date, at an annual interest rate of reserve-adjusted,90-day term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (subject to a 0.50% floor) plus a margin between 2.50% and 3.25% margin, determined by the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). On September 12, 2024, the Company entered into the Fourth Amendmentto (i) change the requirements of certain financial maintenance covenants under the Credit Agreement for the fiscal quarter ending September 30, 2024, (ii) add a minimum liquidity covenant to the Credit Agreement and (iii) reduce the available revolving commitments available under the Credit Agreement to no more than $20.0 million through end of the agreement.

The Credit Agreement requires the Company to pay the lenders an unused commitment fee equal to the average unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility. The Company pays a rate of 0.25% to 0.40% per annum of the average unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, determined by the Consolidated Senior Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). If all or a portion of the loans under the Term Loan Facility are prepaid, then the Company will be required to pay a fee equal to 1% of the aggregate amount of the loans so prepaid, subject to certain exceptions.

The Credit Agreement contains restrictions and covenants applicable to the Company and its subsidiaries. Among other requirements, the Company may not permit the Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to be less than a certain specified ratio for each fiscal quarter during the term of the Credit Agreement or the consolidated senior net leverage ratio to be greater than a certain specified ratio for each fiscal quarter during the term of the Credit Agreement.

A summary of interest expense on the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026, the Revolving Credit Facility, and the Term Loan Facility is as follows (in thousands):

Note 9. Stock Incentive Plan and Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The following table presents details of share-based compensation expenses, by functional line item, noted within the Company's operating expenses (in thousands):

In November 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance by 5.0 million shares under its Amended and Restated 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, and to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance by 2.5 million shares under its Amended and Restated Accuray Incorporated 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

Note 10. Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Basic earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential common shares include outstanding share awards. A reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share is as follows (in thousands, except for per share amounts):

The potentially dilutive shares of the Company’s common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share when their effect would have been anti‑dilutive. Additionally, the outstanding 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 are included in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share only if their inclusion is dilutive for periods during which the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 were outstanding. The shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of the outstanding principal amount of the 3.75% Convertible Notes due 2026 as ofthree and six months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 totaled approximately 17.1 million shares and were not included in the basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share as the effect of adding the shares were anti-dilutive.

Note 11. Segment Information

The Company hasone operating and reporting segment (oncology systems group), which develops, manufactures and markets proprietary medical devices used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer patients. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Operating Decision Maker, reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. The Company does not assess the performance of its individual product lines on measures of profit or loss, or asset-based metrics, therefore, the information below is presented only for total net revenues and long-lived assets by geographic area.

The Company reports its customer revenues in five geographic regions: the Americas, EIMEA, Japan, China and Asia Pacific. The Americas region primarily includes the United States, Canada, and Latin America. The EIMEA region includes Europe, India, the Middle East and Africa. The Asia Pacific region consists of Asia (excluding Japan and China), Australia and New Zealand.

Disaggregation of Revenues

The Company disaggregates its revenues from contracts by geographic region, as the Company believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Revenues attributed to a country or region are based on the shipping address of the Company’s customers. Additionally, the Company typically recognizes revenue at a point in time for product revenue and recognizes revenue over time for service revenue.

The following summarizes net revenue by geographic region (in thousands):

Disaggregation of Long-Lived Assets

Information regarding geographic areas in which the Company has long-lived assets, which consists of property, plant and equipment, net, and operating lease right-of-use assets are as follows (in thousands):

The long-lived assets in the Americas region are located in the United States as of December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024.

Note 12. Joint Venture

In January 2019, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Accuray Asia Limited (“Accuray Asia”), entered into an agreement with CNNC High Energy Equipment (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. (the “CIRC Subsidiary”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, to form a joint venture, CNNC Accuray (Tianjin) Medical Technology Co. Ltd. (the “JV”), to manufacture and sell radiation oncology systems in China. As of December 31, 2024, the Company owned a 49% interest in the JV, which is reported as an investment in joint venture on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company applies the equity method of accounting to its ownership interest in the JV as the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the JV but lacks controlling financial interest and is not the primary beneficiary. The Company recognizes the 49% proportionate share of the JV income (loss) on a one-quarter lag due to the timing of the availability of the JV’s financial records. The Company recognizes revenue on sales to the JV in the current period and defers a portion of gross profit to the extent goods sold have not been sold through by the JV to an end customer at the end of such reporting period. With the receipt of the necessary permits and licenses to operate, the JV has begun to manufacture and sell a locally branded “Made in China” radiotherapy device, the Tomo C radiation therapy system, in the Class B license category.

The following table shows the reconciliation between the carrying value of the Company's investment in the JV and its proportional share of the underlying equity in net assets of the JV (in thousands):

(1)

As of December 31, 2024, $2.9 million of thedeferred intra-entity gross profit balance was related to the Tomo C radiation therapy system as compared to $4.2 million as of June 30, 2024.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s carrying value of the investment in the JV for the Company's proportional share of the JV's currency translation adjustment was not material. As of June 30, 2024, the Company’s carrying value of the investment in the JV was decreased for the Company's proportional share of the JV's currency translation adjustment by $0.6 million. In June 2024, the JV declared a $2.5 million dividend to the Company which was paid in July 2024.

Summarized financial information of the JVis as follows (in thousands):

The following table shows the activity of the Company’s net revenue recognized from intra-entity gross profit from sales (in thousands):

(1)

Profit earned by the Company from the JV is eliminated through cost of goods sold until it is realized; such profits would generally be considered realized when the inventory has been sold through to third parties. For the three and six months ended December 31, 2024, $3.3 million and $1.3 million of the net recognized gross profit on sales to the JV were related to the Tomo C radiation therapy system as compared to $1.7 million and $2.2 million of the net deferred gross profit on sales to the JV for the three and six months ended December 31, 2023.

Note 13. Income Tax

The following summarizes the provision for income taxes (in thousands):

On a quarterly basis, the Company provides for income taxes based upon an estimated annual effective income tax rate. The Company recognized income tax expense, which were primarily related to foreign taxes for the periods presented.

Starting in fiscal year 2019, certain income earned by controlling foreign corporations (“CFCs”) must be included in the gross income of the CFC’s U.S. shareholder. The income required to be included in gross income is referred to as global intangible low tax income (“GILTI”) and is defined under IRC Section 951A as the excess of the shareholder’s net CFC tested income over the net deemed tangible income return. The GILTI inclusion amount is expected to be fully absorbed by net operating losses carryforward and is not expected to cause the Company to be in a U.S. taxable income position for fiscal year 2025.

There is no material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for fiscal year 2025 relating to the change in U.S. tax law that requires capitalization and amortization of research and experimental expenditures incurred after July 1, 2022 which has been fully offset by pre-2018 net operating loss carryforwards. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of this tax law change in future periods.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits were $22.0 million, of which $21.6 million would not affect income tax expense before consideration of any valuation allowance. The Company does not expect its unrecognized tax benefits to change significantly over the next 12 months. Interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits are recorded as a component of income tax expense.