Palladyne AI Corp

1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

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Description of the Business

Palladyne AI Corp. (the “Company” or “Palladyne AI”)is a pioneer in the robotic systems industry. The Company’s mission is to deliver software to its customers that enhances the utility and functionality of third-party stationary and mobile robotic systems by enabling these systems to quickly observe, learn, reason and act in structured and unstructured environments. The Company’s full-stack, closed-loop autonomy software platform (“AI/ML Software Platform”) is being designed with artificial intelligence (“AI”) and machine learning (“ML”) technologies to enable robotic systems to perceive their environment and quickly adapt to changing circumstances by generalizing (i.e., learning) from their past experience using dynamic real-time operations “on the edge” (i.e., on the robotic system) without extensive programming and with minimal robot training. To reflect the Company’s transition from a hardware-focused company, in March 2024 the Company changed its name from Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation to Palladyne AI Corp.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

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The accompanying interim unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).

The condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2024, are unaudited. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023, included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of that date. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted. As such, the information included herein should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2024.

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company’s fiscal year begins on January 1 and ends on December 31.

In the opinion of the Company’s management, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments necessary for fair financial statement presentation. All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent quarter or for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024.

Reverse Stock Split

On July 5, 2023, the Company effected a 1-for-6 reverse stock split("Reverse Stock Split") of the Company's outstanding shares of Common Stock, as approved by the Company's stockholders at the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 14, 2023. All share and per share amounts of Common Stock, options, warrants, restricted stock and restricted stock units in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been retroactively adjusted for all periods presented to reflect the reverse stock split.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies, and use of estimates and assumptions described in the annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, that have had a material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities were$21.3 million as of September 30, 2024, compared to$39.1 million as of December 31, 2023. The Company has incurred losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception and is likely to continue to incur losses and negative cash flows from operations in the near term. As of September 30, 2024, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately$437.9 million and working capital of$19.8 million.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and on the basis that the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business.

The Company’s main source of liquidity has been cash generated by equity offerings. The Company’s primary use of cash is for operations and administrative activities including employee-related expenses, and general, operating and overhead expenses. Future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the Company’s timing and extent of development efforts, the expansion and success of sales and marketing activities, customer growth rate, customer retention, the introduction of new and enhanced product offerings and market acceptance of the Company’s products. The Company believes it has sufficient financial resources for at least the next 12 months from the date of this Report.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of its products and from the delivery of goods and services arising out of its contractual arrangements to provide product development contract services that are funded by the customer. The Company recognizes revenue when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services by following a five-step process:

(1)

Identify the contract with a customer: A contract with a customer exists when (i) the Company enters into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights and obligations regarding the products and services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these products and services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and (iii) the Company determines that collection of substantially all consideration for products and services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. Contract modifications may include changes in scope of work, and/or the period of completion of the project. The Company analyzes contract modifications to determine if they should be accounted for as a modification to an existing contract or a new stand-alone contract.

(2)

Identify the performance obligations in the contract: The Company enters into contracts that can include combinations of products and services, which are either capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations or as one performance obligation if the majority of tasks and services form a single project or capability. Determining whether products or services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately may require significant judgment.

(3)

Determine the transaction price: The transaction price is determined based on the consideration to which the Company will be entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to the customer. Such amounts are typically stated in the customer contract. However, to the extent that the Company identifies variable consideration, the Company will estimate the variable consideration at the onset of the arrangement as long as it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Company’s current contracts do not include any significant financing components because the timing of the transfer of the underlying products and services under contract are at the customer's discretion. Additionally, the Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. Taxes collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities are not included in revenue.

(4)

Allocate the transaction price to performance obligations in the contract: Once the Company has determined the transaction price, the total transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation in a manner depicting the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the good(s) or service(s) to the customer. If applicable, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified in the contract on a relative standalone selling price basis. The standalone selling price represents the amount the Company would sell the good(s) or service(s) to a customer on a standalone basis. For government contracts, the Company uses expected cost plus a margin as the standalone selling price. Because the Company's contract pricing with government customers is generally based on expected cost plus a margin, the standalone selling price of the good(s) or service(s) in the Company's contracts with government customers are typically equal to the selling price stated in the contract. When we sell standard good(s) or service(s) with observable standalone sale transactions, the observable standalone sales transactions are used to determine the standalone selling price.

(5)

Recognize revenue when or as the Company satisfies a performance obligation: For each performance obligation identified, the Company determines at contract inception whether it satisfies the performance obligation over time or at a point in time. For performance obligations satisfied over time, revenue is recognized as work progresses when the Company is entitled to the reimbursement of costs plus a reasonable profit for work performed for which the Company has no alternate use. For these performance obligations, the Company generally recognizes revenue using an input method with revenue amounts being recognized proportionately as costs are incurred relative to the total expected costs to satisfy the performance obligation. The Company believes that costs incurred as a portion of total estimated costs is an appropriate measure of progress towards satisfaction of the performance obligation since this measure reasonably depicts the progress of the work effort. Revenue for performance obligations that are not recognized over time are recognized at the point in time when control transfers to the customer (which is generally upon delivery). For performance obligations that are satisfied at a point in time, the Company evaluates the point in time when the customer can direct the use of, and obtain the benefits from, the products and services. Shipping and handling costs are recorded at the time of product shipment to the customer and are included within revenue.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company derives its revenue from two sources. First, the Company enters into research and development agreements primarily relating to the commercialization of the Company’s products. Second, the Company sells its products and related parts and repair services. Product development contract revenue includes revenue arising from different types of contractual arrangements, including cost-type contracts and fixed-price contracts. Product revenue primarily consists of sales of the Company’s products.

Cost-type contracts – Research, development and/or testing service contracts, including cost-plus-fixed-fee and time and material contracts, relate primarily to the development of the Company's products and related technology. Cost-type contracts are generally entered into with the U.S. government. These contracts are billed at cost plus a margin as defined by the contract and the Federal Acquisition Regulation (“FAR”). The FAR establishes regulations around procurement by the government and provides guidance on the types of costs that are allowable in establishing prices for goods and services delivered under government contracts. Revenue on cost-type contracts is recognized over time as goods and services are provided.

Fixed-price contracts – Fixed-price development contracts relate primarily to the development of technology in the area of robotic platforms. Fixed-price development contracts generally require a significant service of integrating a complex set of tasks and components into a single deliverable. Revenue on fixed-price contracts is generally recognized over time as goods and services are provided. To the extent the Company’s actual costs vary from the fixed fee, we will generate more or less profit or could incur a loss. The Company will recognize losses at the contract level in earnings in the period in which they are incurred.

Product revenue relates to sales of the Company’s legacy commercially available products, and certain miscellaneous parts, accessories and repair services. The Company provides a limited one-year warranty on certain product sales. Product warranties are considered assurance-type warranties and are not considered to be separate performance obligations. Product revenue is recognized at the point in time when ownership of the goods is transferred, generally at the time of shipment to the customer. At the time product revenue is recognized, an accrual is established for estimated warranty expenses based on historical experience as well as anticipated product performance.

Revenue recognized for Product Development Contract Revenue and Product Revenue for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were as follows:

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billing and cash collection results in the recognition of accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, contract assets and deferred revenue in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Cash funds received in excess of revenue recognized that is contingent upon the satisfaction of performance obligations is accounted for as deferred revenue.

Contract assets include unbilled receivables which are amounts resulting from timing differences between revenue recognition and billing in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, which typically occur subsequent to revenue being recognized.

The opening and closing balances of our accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, contract assets and deferred revenue as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, are as follows:

The Company recorded its current contract assets, long-term contract assets and current deferred revenue within prepaid expenses and other current assets, other non-current assets and accrued liabilities, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized all of the deferred revenue which existed at December 31, 2023. There wasno deferred revenue as of December 31, 2022.

Remaining Performance Obligations

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had backlog, or revenue related to remaining performance obligations, of $3.7 million. The Company expects most of this backlog to be recognized over the next 12 months. The Company’s backlog represents the expected value of exercised contracts, both funded and unfunded, less revenue recognized to date.

Recently Issued Accounting Standard Pronouncements

As an emerging growth company (“EGC”), the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (“JOBS Act”) allows the Company to delay adoption of new or revised accounting pronouncements applicable to public companies until such pronouncements are applicable to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period under the JOBS Act until such time as the Company is no longer considered to be an EGC. The adoption dates discussed below reflect this election.

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2023-07 (“ASU 2023-07”), Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires enhanced disclosure of significant segment expenses on an annual and interim basis. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2024, on a retrospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this accounting standard update on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 (“ASU 2023-09”), Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose, on an annual basis, specific categories in the effective tax rate reconciliation and provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold. In addition, ASU 2023-09 requires companies to disclose additional information about income taxes paid. ASU 2023-09 will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2026 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements related to ASU 2023-09.

2. Fair Value Measurements

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset, or an exit price paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy defines a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:

Level 1—Fair value is based on observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2—Fair value is determined using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or are directly or indirectly observable.

Level 3—Fair value is determined using one or more significant inputs that are unobservable in active markets at the measurement date, such as an option pricing model, discounted cash flow or similar technique.

Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

On a recurring basis, the Company measures certain of its financial assets and liabilities at fair value. The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis was determined using the following inputsas of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

As of September 30, 2024, the Company held $3.0 million of available-for-sale debt securities with maturity dates within one year. The fair value of the Company's available-for-sale debt securities approximates their amortized cost basis. The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The carrying amounts of accounts receivable, unbilled receivables, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate their fair values because of the relatively short periods until they are required to be settled.

3. Balance Sheet Components

Inventories, Net

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, inventories, net consisted of the following:

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

Property and Equipment, Net

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, property and equipment, net consist of the following:

Depreciation expenses were $0.2 million and $0.5 million, for thethree months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Depreciation expenses were$0.6 million and$1.3 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Accrued Liabilities

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, accrued liabilities consist of the following:

4. Earn-Out Shares

On September 24, 2021 (the “Closing Date”), Rotor Acquisition Corp. (“Rotor”), a Delaware corporation, consummated the previously announced business combination (the “Business Combination”) pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 5, 2021 (the “Original Merger Agreement”), by and among Rotor, Rotor Merger Sub Corp., a Delaware corporation and a direct, wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor (“Merger Sub”), and Sarcos Corp., a Utah corporation (“Old Sarcos”), and Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of August 28, 2021 (the “Amendment” and the Original Merger Agreement, as amended, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Rotor, Merger Sub and Old Sarcos. Pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, the Business Combination between Rotor and Old Sarcos was effected through the merger of Merger Sub with and into Old Sarcos, with Old Sarcos continuing as the surviving corporation (the “Merger”) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Rotor. On the Closing Date, Rotor changed its name to Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation. To reflect the Company’s transition from a hardware-focused company to an AI software-focused company, in March 2024 the Company changed its name from Sarcos Technology and Robotics Corporation to Palladyne AI Corp.

As a result of the Business Combination, each holder of Old Sarcos capital stock is entitled to Contingent Merger Consideration following the closing of the Business Combination in the form of earn-outs, up to an aggregate of 4,687,500 shares of Common Stock (the “Earn-Out Shares”). The Earn-Out Shares will become payable as follows:

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2,343,750 shares of Common Stock of the Company in the aggregate if the closing share price of a share of Common Stock of the Company is equal to or exceeds $90.00 for 20 trading days in any 30 consecutive trading day period at any time during the period beginning on the first anniversary of the Closing Date and ending on the fourth anniversary of the Closing Date.

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2,343,750 shares of Common Stock of the Company if the closing share price of a share of Common Stock of the Company is equal to or exceeds $120.00 for 20 trading days in any 30 consecutive trading day period at any time during the period beginning on the first anniversary of the Closing Date and ending on the fifth anniversary of the Closing Date.

The Earn-Out Shares are treated as equity-linked instruments as opposed to shares outstanding, and as such are not included in shares outstanding on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2024, there remained 4,687,500 Earn-Out Shares potentially issuable.

5. Warrants

On January 20, 2021, Rotor consummated the initial public offering (“IPO”) of 27,600,000 units (the “Units”), including the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option. Each Unit included one sixth of a share of Class A Common Stock and one half of one warrant (the “Public Warrants”). Simultaneously with the closing of the IPO, Rotor consummated the sale of 7,270,000 warrants (the “Private Placement Warrants”) in a private placement to Rotor Sponsor LLC (the “Sponsor”), an affiliate of Rotor’s officers and directors, and certain funds and accounts managed by two qualified institutional buyers. At the Closing Date, Old Sarcos acquired the net liabilities from Rotor, including the Public Warrants, that were recorded as equity instruments, and the Private Placement Warrants, that were recorded as warrant liabilities (together the “Warrants”).

Each whole Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchaseone sixth of a share of the Company’s Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per warrant, subject to adjustment as discussed below, at any time commencing on January 20, 2022, provided that the Company has an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) covering the shares of the Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available (or the Company permits holders to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis under the circumstances specified in the warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) entered into between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company and Rotor and such shares are registered, qualified or exempt from registration under the securities laws of the state of residence of the holder. Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, a Warrant holder may exercise its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The Warrants will expire five years after the completion of the Business Combination, or September 24, 2026, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation. As of September 30, 2024, there were 20,549,453 Warrants outstanding.

The Company will not be obligated to deliver any Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of a Warrant and will have no obligation to settle such Warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of Common Stock underlying the Warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company satisfying its obligations described below with respect to registration, or a valid exemption from registration is available. No Warrant will be exercisable, and the Company will not be obligated to issue a share of Common Stock upon exercise of a Warrant unless the share of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon such Warrant exercise has been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the registered holder of the Warrants. If the conditions in the two immediately preceding sentences are not satisfied with respect to a Warrant, the holder of such Warrant will not be entitled to exercise such Warrant and such Warrant may have no value and expire worthless. In no event will the Company be required to net cash settle any Warrant. In the event a registration statement is not effective for the exercised Warrants, the purchaser in the Rotor IPO of a Unit containing such Warrant will have paid the full purchase price for the Unit solely for the share of the Company’s Common Stock underlying such Unit.

Except as described herein, the Private Placement Warrants have terms and provisions that are identical to those of the Public Warrants. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by holders other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company in all redemption scenarios and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants. The Private Placement Warrants will not be redeemable by the Company so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, subject to certain exceptions. The initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, have the option to exercise the Private Placement Warrants on a cashless basis.

Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Share of the Company’s Common Stock Equals or Exceeds $108.00. Once the Warrants become exercisable, the Company may call the Warrants for redemption:

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in whole and not in part;

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at a price of $0.01 per Warrant;

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upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption (the “30-day redemption period”) to each Warrant holder; and

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if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the shares of the Company’s Common Stock for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing after the Warrants become exercisable and ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders (which is referred to as the “Reference Value”) equals or exceeds $108.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like).

If and when the Warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. However, the Company will not redeem the Warrants unless an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of the Company’s Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is effective and a current prospectus relating to those shares of the Company’s Common Stock is available throughout the 30-day redemption period.

Redemption of Warrants When the Price per Share of Our Common Stock Equals or Exceeds $60.00. Once the Warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding Warrants (except as described herein with respect to the Private Placement Warrants if the Company does not utilize this redemption provision):

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in whole and not in part;

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at $0.10 per Warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption; provided that holders will be able to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis prior to redemption and receive that number of shares determined by reference to an agreed table based on the redemption date and the “fair market value” of the Company’s Common Stock;

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if, and only if, the Reference Value (as defined above) equals or exceeds $60.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like); and

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if the Reference Value is less than $108.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) the Private Placement Warrants must also be concurrently called for redemption on the same terms (except as described above with respect to a holder’s ability to cashless exercise its Warrants) as the outstanding Public Warrants, as described above.

6. Stock-based Compensation

2021 Stock Plan

The 2021 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2021 Plan”) provides stock options, restricted stock units (“RSUs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), stock appreciation rights (“SARS”) and performance awards for issuance to Company employees, officers, directors, non-employee agents and consultants. In general, outstanding awards granted under the 2021 Plan vest overone tofour years and, in the case of options, are exercisable up to 10 years from the date of grant. The maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the 2021 Plan is (i)5.0 million shares of Common Stock of the Company plus (ii) any shares of Common Stock subject to stock options and other awards that were assumed in the Business Combination and expire or otherwise terminate without having been exercised in full, are tendered to or withheld by the Company for payment of an exercise price or for tax withholding obligations, or are forfeited to or repurchased by the Company due to failure to vest, with the maximum number of shares to be added to the 2021 Plan pursuant to clause (ii) equal to 2.1 million shares of Common Stock. As of September 30, 2024,2.0 million shares were available to grant under the 2021 Plan.

2015 Stock Plan

The 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) provided stock options, RSUs, RSAs, SARS and performance awards for issuance to Company employees, officers, directors, non-employee agents and consultants. Outstanding awards under the 2015 Plan generally vest over three tofive years and are exercisable up to 10 years from the date of grant. Unvested options are forfeited upon termination. No further awards may be made under the 2015 Plan. Any forfeited awards will be added to the 2021 Plan as described above.

2024 Inducement Plan

We have adopted the 2024 Inducement Equity Incentive Plan (the “Inducement Plan”) with an effective date of December 15, 2024, to reserve 500,000 shares of Common Stock to be used exclusively for grants of nonstatutory stock options, RSUs, RSAs, SARS and performance awards to individuals who were not previously employees or directors of the Company (or who are returning to employment following a bona fide period of non-employment), as an inducement material to the individual’s entry into employment with the Company, pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). The Inducement Plan was adopted and approved without stockholder approval pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). As of December 15, 2024,500,000 shares of Common Stock will be available to grant under the Inducement Plan.

As of September 30, 2024, no stock-based compensation expense has been incurred in respect of the Inducement Plan.

2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”) provides for the issuance of shares of Common Stock pursuant to purchase rights granted to employees over designated offering periods, by funds accumulated primarily through elective payroll deductions. As of September 30, 2024, no offering periods have commenced andno shares have been issued under the ESPP.

We will commence offerings under the ESPP beginning with the first offering to begin in December 2024. Offering periods are generally to besix months long and begin on June 1 and December 1 of each year. The purchase price for shares of Common Stock purchased under the ESPP is to be 85% of the lesser of the fair market value of the Common Stock on (i) the first trading day of the applicable offering period and (ii) the last trading day of the offering period.

As of September 30, 2024, no stock-based compensation expense has been incurred in respect of the ESPP.

Stock Option Activity

The following summarizes the Company’s stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Option Repricing

On April 17, 2024, the Company amended certain options to purchase 773,551 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. All of the options subject to the amendments had exercise prices that exceeded the value of the Company’s Common Stock on the amendment date.

One set of amendments, which were entered into with seven senior employees of the Company, applied to options to purchase an aggregate of 225,670 shares held by those seven senior employees. These amendments (1) re-started the vesting schedule of the amended options, including for options that had already vested and (2) reduced the per share exercise price of the options to $1.59 (the “New Exercise Price”), which is equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on April 17, 2024, the effective date of the amendments. No other terms of these options were modified.

The other set of amendments applied to options to purchase an aggregate of 547,881 shares held by other eligible current employees and service providers of the Company with an exercise price per share greater than the New Exercise Price. These amendments reduced the per share exercise price of affected options to the New Exercise Price, which is equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on April 17, 2024, the effective date of the amendments. No other terms of such options were modified.

The total incremental fair value to be recognized as a result of the amendments was $0.2 million. The incremental fair value attributable to the vested options of$0.1 million was recognized as stock-based compensation expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The remaining incremental fair value attributable to the unvested option shares will be amortized over the remaining requisite service periods.

Restricted Stock Units Activity

The following summarizes the Company’s RSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Restricted Stock Awards Activity

The following summarizes the Company’s employee RSA activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense in the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss as follows:

As of September 30, 2024, there was approximately $4.8 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation cost, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

7. Net Loss Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of the basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is the same for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, as the inclusion of potential shares of Common Stock would have been anti‑dilutive for the periods presented.

8. Income Taxes

To determine the Company’s quarterly provision for income taxes, the Company used an estimated annual effective tax rate that is based on expected annual income and statutory tax rates in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Certain significant unusual or infrequently occurring items that are separately reported are separately recognized in the quarter during which they occur and can be a source of variability in the effective tax rate from quarter to quarter.

The Company hadno significant income tax expense for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is based on the Company’s estimated annualized effective tax rate for the fiscal years ending December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company’s recognized effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate as the Company recorded net losses during the period with a corresponding full valuation allowance on the net deferred tax assets created from the losses.

9. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

The Company has been and may in the future be involved in various claims, lawsuits, investigations and other proceedings in the normal course of business. The Company accrues a liability when management believes information available prior to the issuance of its financial statements indicates it is probable a loss has been incurred as of the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company adjusts its accruals to reflect the impact of negotiation, settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel and other information and events pertaining to a particular case. Legal costs are expensed as incurred. The Company has not recorded any material loss contingency related to legal proceedings in the balance sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Indemnifications

In the ordinary course of business, the Company provides or may provide indemnifications of varying scope and terms to investors, directors, officers, employees, customers or vendors with respect to certain matters, including losses arising out of the Company’s breach of such agreements, services to be provided by the Company or from intellectual property infringement claims made by third parties. These indemnifications may survive termination of the underlying agreement and the maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions may not be subject to maximum loss clauses. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is indeterminable. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has not accrued a liability for these indemnification obligations as the likelihood of incurring a material payment obligation in connection with these indemnification obligations is either not probable or not reasonably estimable.

10. Segment Information

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The CODM allocates resources and makes operating decisions based on financial information presented on a consolidated basis. The CODM does not evaluate profitability below the level of the consolidated company. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it has asingle reportable segment and operating segment structure.

The Company’s revenue is derived primarily from U.S. customers. The Company had $1.1 million and $2.0 million of revenue earned from customers located outside the United States during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

All long-lived assets are maintained in the United States. All losses are attributable to operations within the United States.

11. Subsequent Events

On October 31, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with an accredited investor pursuant to which the Company agreed to (a) issue and sell 2,790,700 shares of Common Stock in a registered offering and (b) issue and sell warrants to purchase up to 2,790,700 shares of Common Stock in a private placement. Each share was sold with one common warrant at a combined purchase price of $2.15.

Also on October 31, 2024, the Company entered into a separate Securities Purchase Agreement with the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and certain other members of the Board of Directors in which it agreed to issue and sell in a private placement (a)430,105 shares of Common Stock at a price of $2.20 per share and (b) warrants to purchase up to 430,105 shares of Common stock at a price of $0.125 per warrant. The Company will receive approximately $7 million in gross proceeds from the Registered Offering and private placements combined.

All warrants issued in conjunction with these offerings have an exercise price of $2.30 per share, will become exercisablesix months from issuance and will expire five and one-half years from the date of issuance. The transactions closed on November 1, 2024.

A.G.P. / Alliance Global Partners acted as the placement agent in connection with the Registered Offering and the private placements. A.G.P. was paid a commission of 7% on the gross proceeds received by the Company in the offerings for sales they arranged. The Company reimbursed A.G.P. $50,000 for certain fees and expenses, including legal fees, and paid a non-accountable expense allowance of $10,000.