Tempus AI Inc

(UNAUDITED)

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

Company Information

Tempus AI, Inc., together with the subsidiaries through which it conducts business (the “Company”), is a healthcare technology company focused on bringing artificial intelligence and machine learning to healthcare in order to improve the care of patients across multiple diseases. The Company combines the results of laboratory tests with other multimodal datasets to improve patient care by supporting all parties in the healthcare ecosystem, including physicians, researchers, payers, and pharmaceutical companies. The Company primarily derives revenue from selling comprehensive genetic testing to physicians and large academic research institutions, licensing data to third parties, matching patients to clinical trials, and related services.

The Company, based in Chicago, Illinois, was founded by Eric P. Lefkofsky, the Company’s CEO and Executive Chairman, and evolved from a business Mr. Lefkofsky founded called Bioin. Bioin originally was established as a limited liability company. Effective September 21, 2015, Bioin converted its legal form to a corporation organized and existing under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. Bioin subsequently changed its legal name to Tempus Health, Inc. in September 2015, to Tempus Labs, Inc. in October 2016 and to Tempus AI, Inc. in December 2023.

Initial Public Offering

On June 13, 2024, the Company’s registration statement relating to its initial public offering (the “IPO”) was declared effective and its Class A common stock began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on June 14, 2024. On June 17, 2024, the Company completed its IPO in which it issued and sold 11,100,000 shares of Class A common stock, at a public offering price of $37.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of $382.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $28.7 million.

In connection with the closing of the IPO, all shares of the Company’s then-outstanding redeemable convertible preferred stock, other than the Company’s Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, converted into an aggregate of 66,309,550 shares of Class A common stock. The Company’s Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock converted on a one-for-one basis into an aggregate of 5,374,899 shares of Class B common stock. Subsequently,331,110 shares of Class B common stock were automatically converted into shares of Class A common stock, such that there are 5,043,789 shares of Class B common stock outstanding immediately following the IPO. The Company issued an additional 236,719 shares of Class A common stock pursuant to a separate agreement with an investor in the Series G-3 convertible preferred stock.

As of June 16, 2024, the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock had accrued $188.2 million of unpaid dividends, which were paid in 5,098,799 shares of Class A common stock at the closing of the IPO.

Outstanding shares of non-voting common stock were converted on a one-for-one basis into 5,069,477 shares of Class A common stock.

The restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted to employees pursuant to the Company’s 2015 Plan are subject to two vesting conditions. The first is a time-based component. The second vesting condition is the occurrence of a liquidity event. The liquidity event condition related to these awards was satisfied upon the IPO and, as a result, the Company recognized $488.3 million of stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2024. In connection with the IPO, the Company settled an aggregate of 4,568,291 fully vested RSUs (the “IPO Settled RSUs”). To meet the related tax withholding requirements, the Company withheld 1,911,316 shares from the 4,563,164 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon settlement of the IPO Settled RSUs. Based on the public offering price of $37.00 per share, the tax withholding obligation was $70.8 million.

In connection with the IPO, the Company issued 109,459 shares of Class A common stock upon the automatic net exercise of a warrant issued to Allen & Company LLC (“Allen”), as further described in Note 9.

In connection with the IPO, the Company amended and restated its certificate of incorporation (the “Restated Certificate”), under which authorized capital stock consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock,5,500,000 shares of Class B common stock, and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Tempus AI, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) regarding interim financial information and include the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of all wholly owned subsidiaries. Investments in unconsolidated entities in which the Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Investments in unconsolidated entities in which the Company is not able to exercise significant influence are accounted for under the cost method of accounting. Certain information and disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted. Accordingly, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s final prospectus, dated June 13, 2024, filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), on June 17, 2024 (the “Prospectus”) in connection with the IPO. The unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and reflect, in management’s opinion, all the adjustments of a normal, recurring nature that are necessary for the fair statement of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods, but are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full year or any other period.

In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of its financial position as of September 30, 2024 and its results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2023, was derived from audited annual financial statements but does not contain all of the footnote disclosures from the annual financial statements.

The Company believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents and marketable equity securities at September 30, 2024 will be sufficient to allow the Company to fund its current operating plan through at least a period of one year from the date of issuance. As the Company continues to incur losses, its transition to profitability is dependent upon a level of revenues adequate to support the Company’s cost structure. Future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the timing and extent of spending on research and development activities and growth related expenditures.

Other than described below, there have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies described in the “Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements” included in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Prospectus that have had a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes.

Reclassification

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities, revenue and expenses, and the related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The most significant estimates are related to revenue, accounts receivable, stock-based compensation, operating lease liabilities, and the useful lives of property, equipment and intangible assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. The Company considers all series of its redeemable convertible preferred stock to be participating securities. Prior to the IPO, under the two-class method, the net loss attributable to common stockholders was not allocated to the redeemable convertible preferred stock as the holders of its redeemable convertible preferred stock did not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company’s losses. Upon IPO, the Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock converted to either Class A or Class B common stock and therefore will be included in allocation of net loss attributable to common stockholders as they will share in the Company’s losses. Net income is attributed to common stockholders and participating securities based on their participation rights. Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders adjusts basic earnings per share for the potentially dilutive impact of stock options and redeemable convertible preferred stock. As the Company has reported losses for all periods presented, all potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive and accordingly, basic net loss per share equals diluted net loss per share.

Deferred Offering Costs

Deferred offering costs consist primarily of accounting, legal, and other fees related to the IPO. The Company had $7.1 million of deferred offering costs as of December 31, 2023. Prior to the IPO, deferred offering costs were capitalized on the consolidated balance sheets. Upon the consummation of the IPO, $12.3 million of deferred offering costs were reclassified into additional paid-in capital as an offset against IPO proceeds.

Equity Investments

The Company uses the equity method to account for investments in which it has the ability to exercise significant influence over the investee's operating and financial policies. The Company follows the guidance in ASC 323, Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures, which prescribes the use of the equity method for investments in joint ventures where the Company has significant influence. The Company records the initial investment at cost and is subsequently adjusted by the Company's share, based on percentage ownership, of the investee's net income or loss after the date of investment. For the Company's foreign-based equity method investment, the proportionate share of the investee's income is translated into USD at the average exchange rate for the period and the investment is translated using the exchange rate as of the end of the reporting period. The unrealized gains and losses associated with the foreign currency translation of the investment are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income on the Company's consolidated balance sheets.

Variable Interest Entities

A variable interest entity (“VIE”) is an entity that (i) has insufficient equity to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (ii) has equity investors who lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest, or (iii) the entity is established with non-substantive voting rights (i.e., the entity deprives the majority economic interest holder(s) of voting rights). Under ASC 810, Consolidation, an entity that holds a variable interest in a VIE and meets certain requirements would be considered to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE and required to consolidate the VIE in its consolidated financial statements. In order to be considered the primary beneficiary of a VIE, an entity must hold a variable interest in the VIE and have both:

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the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE; and

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the right to receive benefits from, or the obligation to absorb losses of, the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE.

If the Company is not the primary beneficiary in a VIE, it accounts for the investment or other variable interests in a VIE in accordance with applicable GAAP. Periodically, the Company assesses whether any changes in its interest or relationship with the entity affects its determination of whether the entity is a VIE and, if so, whether it is the primary beneficiary.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280), which provides enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The standard also enhances interim disclosure requirements and provides new segment disclosure requirements for entities with a single reportable segment. The standard is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Retrospective adoption is required for all prior periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new standard to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires public entities, on an annual basis, to provide disclosure of specific categories in the rate reconciliation, as well as disclosure of income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that this guidance will have on the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company derives revenue from selling lab services (“Genomics”) to physicians, academic research institutions, and other parties. The Company also derives revenue from the commercialization of data generated in the lab (“Data and services”) through the licensing of de-identified datasets to third parties and by providing clinical trial support, such as matching patients to clinical trials enrolled in its clinical trial network, and related services. The majority of the Company’s revenue is generated in North America.

The Company accounts for revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). The Company commences revenue recognition when control of these products is transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for such products. This principle is achieved by applying the five-step approach: (i) the Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, (ii) the rights of the parties are identified, (iii) payment terms are identified, (iv) the contract has commercial substance and (v) collectability of consideration is probable. Revenues and any contract assets are not recognized until such time that the required conditions are met.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The Company provides disaggregation of revenue based on Genomics and Data and services on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, as it believes these best depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The Company generally recognizes revenue for its Genomics product offering when it has met its performance obligation relating to an order. The Company has determined its sole performance obligation to be the delivery of the testing results to the ordering party. The Company receives payments from Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial insurance for clinical orders and directly from research institutions, pharmaceutical companies or other third parties for direct bill orders. The Company recognized Genomics revenue of $116.4 million and $96.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company recognized Genomics revenue of $331.3 million and $270.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For clinical orders from Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial insurance, the Company determines transaction price by reducing the standard charge by the estimated effects of any variable consideration, such as contractual allowance and implicit price concessions. The Company estimates the contractual allowances and implicit price concessions based on historical collections in relation to established rates, as well as known current or anticipated reimbursement trends not reflected in the historical data. Estimates are inclusive of the consideration to which the Company will be entitled at an amount for which it is probable that a reversal of cumulative consideration will not occur. The Company monitors the estimated amount to be collected at each reporting period based on actual cash collections in order to assess whether a revision to the estimate is required. Payment is typically due after the claim has been processed by the payer, generally 30-120 days from date of service. While management believes that the estimates are accurate, actual results could differ and the potential impact on the financial statements could be significant. The Company recognized revenue for clinical orders of $105.2 million and $88.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company recognized revenue for clinical orders of $300.3 million and $245.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For direct bill orders from research institutions, pharmaceutical companies, or other third parties, the Company determines the transaction prices based on established contractual rates with the customer, net of any applicable discounts. Payment is typically due between 30 and 60 days following the date of invoice. The Company recognized Genomics revenue for direct bill orders of $11.2 million and $8.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $31.0 million and $25.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Data and services

Data and services revenue primarily represents data licensing and clinical trial services that the Company provides to pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. The Company’s arrangements with these customers often have terms that span multiple years. However, these contracts generally also include customer opt-in or early termination clauses after twelve months without contractual penalty. The customer’s option to renew is generally not viewed as a material right, and as a result, the Company’s contract period for these agreements is generally considered less than one year. The Company determines the transaction price based on established contractual rates with the customer, net of any applicable discounts. The Company recognizes revenue for its Data and services product offering when it has met its performance obligation under the terms of the agreement with the customer. The Company’s two product offerings are as follows:

Insights

The Company’s Insights product consists primarily of licensing and analysis of de-identified records. Each Insights contract is unique and may include multiple promises, including the delivery of licensed de-identified records, including refreshes, analytical services or access to the Company’s enhanced Lens application. The Company evaluates each contract to determine which performance obligations are capable of being distinct and separately identifiable from other promises in the contract and, therefore, represent distinct performance obligations. The actual timing of data deliveries can be based on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the customer’s requirement and/or the Company’s technological, operational, and human capital capacity; in addition, management assesses relevant contractual terms in contracts with customers and applies significant judgment in identifying and accounting for all terms and conditions in certain contracts. The transaction price is allocated to the distinct performance obligations and revenue is recognized once the performance obligation has been fulfilled. The standalone selling prices are based on the Company’s normal pricing practices when sold separately with consideration of market conditions and other factors, including customer demographics.

The Company has determined that the delivery of de-identified records and, when applicable, analytical services, and access to its enhanced Lens application are separate and distinct performance obligations. The primary Insights contract types are as follows:

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Data licensing on a one-time or limited duration basis – Customer licenses a specific dataset of records, and the Company accounts for individual licensed data records as a right to use license. Revenue is typically recognized upon delivery of the data to the customer, as the Company’s obligations for an individual record is complete once the data has been delivered, and the customer is able to benefit from the provision of data as it is received.

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Multi-year data subscriptions – Customer licenses an interchangeable maximum number of de-identified records, and the Company accounts for the service as a right to access license and one performance obligation. Revenue is recognized as access to the dataset is provided, ratably over-time, with the measure of progress time-based.

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Analytical services and other services – Services typically involve data analysis and research performed on behalf of the customer by the Company. The resulting delivery of data, or a report addressing a series of questions and analytical results, is considered a single performance obligation. Revenue is generally recognized upon the delivery of these services, as defined by the contract.

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Enhanced Lens application subscription services – Customer licenses access to the Company’s enhanced Lens application under a software-as-a-service model. Customers do not have the right to take possession of the Lens platform application, and the online software product is fully functional once a customer has access. Lens subscription revenues are recognized ratably over the contract terms beginning on the date the Company’s service is made available to the customer. For the periods presented, revenue from Lens subscription services are not material.

The Company recognized revenue from Insights products of $50.1 million and $26.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $122.1 million and $78.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Trials

The Company’s Trials product includes TIME clinical trial matching services and other clinical trial services.

TIME consists primarily of matching patients to clinical trial sponsors of a potential match. To the extent the contract requires, the Company may also assist in opening the clinical trial site and enrolling the patient in the clinical trial. The Company has determined that, depending on the type of agreement, the performance obligation of these contracts is the delivery of a notification or the enrollment of a patient in a clinical trial. As such, revenue is recognized upon one of the following: delivery of a notification to the physician alerting them to a clinical trial match, or once a patient is enrolled in a trial. Concurrently, the customer, which is the clinical trial sponsor, also receives notification from the Company to establish the performance obligations delivered or fulfilled for the billing period.

In addition to TIME, the Company provides other clinical trial services conducting or supporting studies. Tempus Compass LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, is a contract research organization, or CRO, which manages and executes early and late-stage clinical trials, primarily in oncology. Contracts for clinical trial services can take the form of fee-for-service or fixed-price contracts. Fee-for-service contracts are typically priced based on time and materials, and revenue is recognized based on hours and materials used as the services are provided. Fixed-price contracts generally represent a single performance obligation and are recognized over-time using a cost-based input method. Progress on the performance obligation is measured by the proportion of actual costs incurred to the total costs expected to complete the contract. This cost-based method of revenue recognition requires the Company to make estimates of costs to complete its projects on an ongoing basis. Contract costs principally include direct labor and reimbursable out-of-pocket costs.

The Company recognized revenue from Trials products of $10.1 million and $10.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $31.8 million and $31.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

For Insights and Trials arrangements, pricing is fixed and the Company may be compensated through a combination of an upfront payment and performance-based, non-refundable payments due upon completion of the stated performance obligation(s). Payment is generally due 60 to 90 days after the date of service. The Company has no significant obligations for refunds, warranties, or similar obligations for Data and services product offerings. The Company has elected the practical expedient, which allows the Company to not disclose remaining performance obligations for contracts with original terms of twelve months or less. Cancelable contracted revenue is not considered a remaining performance obligation. The Company recognized Data and other revenue from pharmaceutical companies, non-for-profits, and researchers of $64.5 million and $39.2 million for thethree months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and $161.4 million and $113.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Multi-year Contract Performance Obligations

The Company has limited multi-year contracts that do not contain early termination or customer opt-in clauses. These contracts contained defined, noncancelable performance obligations that will be fulfilled in future years. The Company’s remaining performance obligations related to multi-year contracts was $208.8 million as of September 30, 2024, of which the Company expects to recognize approximately 48% as revenue over the next year, and the remaining 37%,13%, and 2% of its remaining performance obligations as revenue in years two, three, and four, respectively.

Contract Assets

Timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. Certain performance obligations may require payment before delivery of the service to the customer. The Company recognizes contract assets when the Company has an unconditional right to payment, and when revenues earned on a contract exceeds the billings. Contract assets are presented under accounts receivable, net. Accounts receivable as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 included contract assets of $6.6 million and $2.4 million, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of 2021, and in conjunction with the signing of a November 2021 Master Services Agreement (“the MSA”) with customer AstraZeneca AB (“AstraZeneca”), the Company recognized a contract asset for consideration payable concurrent with the issuance of the common stock warrant in accordance with ASC 606. The contract asset was initially measured equal to the initial fair value of the warrant liability based on the authoritative guidance under FASB ASC 718 Compensation—Stock Compensation. As revenue is recognized over the period of the contractual commitment of the MSA, the associated contract asset amortization is recorded as reduction of revenue. At each reporting period, the short-term portion of the warrant asset is adjusted based on the financial commitment and reclassified to Prepaid expenses and other current assets.

The following summarizes the warrant contract asset presentation as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

In November 2023, the Company entered into a Commercialization and Reference Laboratory Agreement with Personalis, Inc. (“Personalis”), which was subsequently amended in August 2024. The Company will pay up to $12.0 million to Personalis over three years as certain milestones are met, $8.0 million of which has been paid as of September 30, 2024. These payments are treated as contract assets and amortized into revenue over the life of the contract. Contract asset balances are offset by deferred revenue generated from receipt of warrants for Personalis common stock (see Note 15). As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there was $2.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively, of net contract assets related to this agreement recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets, respectively.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of billings or cash received for services in advance of revenue recognition and is recognized as revenue when all the Company’s revenue recognition criteria are met. The deferred revenue balance is influenced primarily by upfront contractual payments from the Company’s Data and Services product offerings and timing of delivery of the Company’s de-identified licensed data and clinical test results. The portion of deferred revenue that is anticipated to be recognized as revenue during the succeeding twelve-month period is recorded as deferred revenue, current and any remaining portion is recorded as deferred revenue, non-current. The Company recognized $53.9 million and $35.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, that was included in the corresponding deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the periods.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

SEngine

On October 3, 2023, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding interests of SEngine Precision Medicine LLC (“SEngine”), a Delaware limited liability company. The acquisition gives the Company access to SEngine’s meaningful organoid repository, advanced bioinformatics capabilities, and PARIS test platform.

The acquisition resulted in goodwill of $9.6 million. The aggregate acquisition date fair value of consideration for the SEngine acquisition totaled $9.9 million. Consideration consisted of $2.8 million of cash and $6.3 million of non-voting common stock. The transaction also includes contingent consideration of up to 35,000 additional shares of non-voting common stock if a liquidity event is completed prior to December 31, 2027. The contingent consideration liability is remeasured at fair value in each period following the closing within selling, general and administrative expense. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, $1.4 million in equity was held back and is payable on October 3, 2024, which is net of a net working capital adjustment less than $0.1 million. The Company issued 429 shares of non-voting common stock to the selling corporation in February 2024 related to the net working capital adjustment.

Mpirik

On March 8, 2023, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding interests of Mpirik, Inc. (“Mpirik”), a cardiology-focused healthcare technology company specializing in data-driven patient screening, automated care coordination, and clinical research. Mpirik’s platform adds to the Company’s existing portfolio to address the way heart disease is detected, diagnosed, and treated, further expanding Tempus’s cardiology business. The acquisition resulted in goodwill of $10.6 million. The aggregate acquisition date fair value of consideration for the Mpirik acquisition totaled $9.7 million. Consideration was made up of $4.6 million of non-voting common stock, $4.7 million of cash, and contingent consideration payable in cash with an acquisition date fair value of $0.4 million. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, $0.8 million in cash consideration and $0.3 million in equity consideration was held back and paid on March 11, 2024. In accordance with the equity consideration held back, the Company issued 8,724 shares of non-voting common stock to Mpirik shareholders in March 2024.

Cash consideration of $4.7 million is net of a $0.3 million net working capital adjustment. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, the securityholders of the acquired business were entitled to receive contingent consideration from the Company payable in an aggregate value of $1.0 million in cash, contingent upon the acquired business reaching a revenue target of $1.5 millionfor the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2023. The contingent consideration had an acquisition fair value date of $0.4 million, which the Company recognized within Other current liabilities. The contingent consideration was remeasured at fair value in each period following the closing within selling, general and administrative expense. Mpirik did not achieve the revenue target for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2023. As such, the contingent consideration liability was written down to $0. In addition, the Company issued 17,450 performance stock units to certain retained Mpirik employees on the closing date of the acquisition. In July 2023, the Company’s board of directors approved the removal of the performance-vesting condition, following which performance stock units are treated as restricted stock units.

Arterys

On October 3, 2022, the Company acquired Arterys, Inc. (“Arterys”), a company that provides a platform to derive insights from radiology medical imagines to improve diagnostic decision-making, efficiency, and productivity across multiple disease areas, which resulted in goodwill of $11.1 million. The aggregate acquisition date fair value of consideration for the Arterys acquisition totaled $8.3 million, net of cash acquired of $0.3 million. Consideration was made up of $4.9 million of non-voting common stock and $3.0 million of cash. Cash consideration of $3.0 million is net of a $1.0 million working capital adjustment paid back to Tempus in March 2023.

BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS

Property and Equipment, Net

The following summarizes property and equipment, net as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Depreciation expense on property and equipment is classified as follows in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, consist of the following (in thousands):

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLES

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. There wereno goodwill additions for thethree months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, or for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, goodwill of $10.6 million was recorded in connection with the acquisition of Mpirik. The Company recordedno impairment loss during thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recorded at their acquisition cost, or fair value if acquired as part of a business combination and amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets consist of a website domain, customer relationships and trade names acquired as part of a business combination, and licensed data acquired by entering into research collaboration agreements. In each license arrangement, the other party provides the Company with specified data, which currently is used primarily for research and development purposes but may also be licensed to third parties. The asset represents the Company’s right to use these datasets. The Company also recognizes a liability for the associated minimum payments that are presented within accrued data licensing fees.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $0.7 million in licensed data related to de-identified data obtained through an amended agreement. During thenine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded $3.8 million in licensed data related to de-identified data obtained through an additional agreement. During thethree months ended September 30, 2023, the Company didnot record any additions in licensed data.

In January 2023, the Company amended a data licensing agreement, which reduced the future data license payments the Company owes in exchange for waiving exclusivity rights on the licensed data. The Company remeasured the related licensed data intangible asset to fair value, which resulted in an impairment of $7.4 million recorded in Research and development during thenine months ended September 30, 2023. A $7.9 million gain resulting from the related reduction of future data license payments was also recorded in Research and development during thenine months ended September 30, 2023. The impairment resulted in a reduction of $40.1 million and $32.7 million to gross intangible assets and accumulated amortization, respectively. There wereno impairment charges recognized related to intangible assets during thethree months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, or the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The following table summarizes intangible assets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Amortization of intangible assets is recognized using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, which range from threeto seven years. Amortization expense was $2.7 million and $2.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $8.3 million and $8.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and is recorded in cost of revenues, research and development, or selling, general and administrative expense, depending on use of the asset. The weighted average life of the Company’s intangibles is approximatelysix years.

JOINT VENTURE

SB Tempus

On May 18, 2024, the Company entered into a Joint Venture Agreement (the "Joint Venture Agreement") with SoftBank Group Corporation ("SoftBank") to form SB Tempus Corp. (the "Joint Venture" or "SB Tempus"). The Joint Venture closed on July 18, 2024, at which time the Company and SoftBank each contributed ¥15 billion ($95.2 million). Each party received 50% of SB Tempus's outstanding capital stock and board seats. SB Tempus will engage in certain business activities in Japan similar to those conducted by the Company in the United States, including performing clinical sequencing, organizing patient data, and building a real world data business in Japan.

SB Tempus is considered a VIE as the Company does not have sufficient equity at risk and is entitled to receive residual returns of SB Tempus through its equity stake. Decisions that significantly impact the economic performance of SB Tempus require the consent of both the Company and SoftBank. Therefore, the Company concluded that neither party is deemed to have predominant control over SB Tempus, and the Company is not considered to be the primary beneficiary.

The Company's maximum exposure to loss from SB Tempus is equal to the carrying value of the Company's investment. As of September 30, 2024, the carrying value of the investment in SB Tempus was $103.7 million. The Company's share of losses from SB Tempus are recorded in other (expense) income, net.

In connection with entering into the Joint Venture Agreement, the Company entered into a Data License Agreement (the "Data License Agreement"), under which the Company granted SB Tempus a limited, non-exclusive, transferable license with a limited right to sublicense certain de-identified data for certain specified uses solely in Japan. Under the Data License Agreement, SB Tempus paid the Company ¥7.5 billion ($47.9 million) in exchange for the license to an initial records batch, which is recorded in deferred revenue and will be recognized into data and services revenue over the term of the license subscription which ends on March 31, 2026.

In addition, on July 18, 2024, the Company and SB Tempus entered into an Intellectual Property Agreement (the "IP License Agreement") under which SB Tempus paid the Company an additional ¥7.5 billion ($47.9 million) in exchange for a non-exclusive license to certain of the Company's technologies for certain specified uses solely in Japan. The payment is recorded in deferred other income and will be amortized into other (expense) income, net over three years, based on the estimated time for SB Tempus' systems and technologies to diverge from the Company's.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Matters

From time to time in the normal course of business, the Company may be subject to various legal matters such as threatened or pending claims or proceedings. There were no material such matters as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Stock

Prior to the IPO, the Company had authorized two classes of common stock, voting and non-voting. In March 2021, the Company amended its certificate of incorporation to bifurcate the voting common stock into two classes, Class A common stock and Class B common stock. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had authorized 200,228,024 shares of Class A common stock,5,374,899 shares of Class B common stock, and 66,946,627 shares of non-voting common stock. In April 2024, the Company increased the number of authorized shares of Class A common stock to 204,590,500 in conjunction with the Series G-5 Preferred stock financing (see Note 10, Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock). In connection with the IPO, the Restated Certificate became effective, which authorized 1,000,000,000 shares of Class A common stock,5,500,000 shares of Class B common stock, and 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock.

Class A common stock and Class B common stock are collectively referred to as “Common Stock” throughout the notes to these unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements unless otherwise noted.

The rights of the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock are identical, except with respect to voting. Each share of Class A common stock is entitled to one vote per share and each share of Class B common stock is entitled to thirty votes per share. Prior to the IPO, the Company also had shares of non-voting common stock authorized and outstanding, which were not entitled to any voting rights. Following the IPO, no shares of non-voting common stock are authorized or outstanding.

Each share of Class B common stock is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A common stock.

Under the Restated Certificate, any holder’s shares of Class B common stock will convert automatically into Class A common stock, on aone-to-one basis, upon certain circumstances, including: (1) the sale or transfer of such shares of Class B common stock, other than to a “controlled entity,” which is any person or entity which, directly or indirectly, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the holder of such shares of Class B common stock; (2) the trading day that is no less than 90 days and no more than 150 days following the twenty-year anniversary of the filing of the Restated Certificate, which was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 17, 2024; (3) the date on which Mr. Lefkofsky is no longer providing services to the Company as an executive officer or member of the board of directors; and (4) the trading day that is no less than 90 days and no more than 150 days following the date that Mr. Lefkofsky and his controlled entities hold, in the aggregate, fewer than 10,000,000 shares of the Company’s capital stock (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, subdivisions and recapitalizations).

Once transferred and converted into Class A common stock, the Class B common stock may not be reissued.

The Company issues stock-based awards to its employees in the form of stock options, restricted stock units, performance stock units and restricted stock, all of which have the potential to increase the outstanding shares of common stock in the future (see Note 11, Stock-Based Compensation).

Upon any liquidation, dissolution, or winding-up, the holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will be entitled to share equally, identically, and ratably in all assets remaining after the payment of any liabilities, liquidation preferences, and accrued or declared but unpaid dividends, if any, with respect to any outstanding preferred stock, unless a different treatment is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of such affected class, voting separately as a class.

Common Stock Warrant

In connection with the MSA with AstraZeneca, the Company granted AstraZeneca warrants to purchase $100 million in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at an exercise price equal to the IPO price of $37.00 per share. The number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrant is 2,702,703, based on the IPO price of $37.00 per share.

The warrant will be automatically cancelled and terminated for no consideration in the event AstraZeneca declines to extend its financial commitment before December 31, 2024. If AstraZeneca exercises the warrant, AstraZeneca will be required to increase its minimum commitment under the MSA from $220 million to $320 million through December 2028.

On December 8, 2023, the Company issued Allen a warrant to purchase 150,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at a price per share of $10.00. The warrant was issued as compensation for Allen’s assistance with the issuance of the Company’s Series G-4 preferred stock, and as such has been treated as an issuance cost and presented net of proceeds from Series G-4 preferred stock in Convertible redeemable preferred stock on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. In connection with the IPO, the Company issued 109,459 shares of Class A common stock upon the net exercise of the warrant.

Treasury Stock

In January 2023, the Company repurchased 145,466 shares of non-voting common stock previously issued to the former owners of AKESOgen, Inc., which the Company acquired in December 2019. These shares were accounted for as treasury stock. The Company records treasury stock at cost.

REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK

In January 2023, the Company issued 47,781 shares of Series G-3 convertible preferred stock as payment of paid-in-kind dividends.

In January 2024, the Company issued 66,465 shares of Series G-3 convertible preferred stock and 10,666 shares of Series G-4 convertible preferred stock as payment of paid-in-kind dividends.

In October 2023, the Company issued 785,245 shares of Series G-4 convertible preferred stock (“Series G-4 Preferred”) for aggregate proceeds of $45.0 million. Each share had a par value of $0.0001. Under the terms of Series G-4 Preferred, holders receive an amount equal to 5% of the per share original issue price for each share of Series G-4 Preferred (the “G-4 Special Payment”), in the event that following an IPO, the average of the last trading price on each trading day during theten day trading period beginning on the first day of trading of the Company’s Class A common stock is less than 110% of the price per share of Class A common stock sold in the IPO. Following the Company’s IPO, the average ten day trading price was less than 110% of the price per share of Class A common stock sold in the IPO. As such, holders of Series G-4 Preferred were owed an aggregate payment of $2.3 million, which was made in July 2024.

In April 2024, the Company issued 3,489,981 shares of Series G-5 convertible preferred stock (“Series G-5 Preferred”) for aggregate proceeds of $200.0 million. Each share has a par value of $0.0001. The Company will use the proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes.

In connection with the IPO, all of the Company’s then-outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock and accrued but unpaid dividends were automatically converted into 71,976,178 shares of Class A voting common stock and 5,043,789 shares of Class B voting common stock.

Redeemable convertible preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2023 consisted of the following (in thousands, except share amounts):

• Excludes amounts related to the conversion of convertible note

** Excludes amounts related to embedded conversion features

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

2015 Stock Plan

In 2015, the Company adopted the Tempus AI, Inc. 2015 Stock Plan (the “2015 Plan”), which has been amended and restated numerous times to increase the aggregate shares authorized to be issued to employees, consultants, and directors of the Company. As of December 31, 2023, there were 28,115,750 shares authorized under the 2015 Plan.

On January 18, 2023, the Company approved a two-year extension of the expiration date of RSUs for then-current employees whose RSUs would otherwise expire in 2023 or 2024. The Company accounted for the extension as a stock compensation modification, which resulted in an increase in unrecognized compensation cost of $35.3 million at the time the extension was approved and an additional $12.2 million as the extensions occurred. The RSUs approved for the two-year extension were fully vested as of the IPO date. As such, the Company recognized the full impact of the expiration extension in stock-based compensation in the three months ended June 30, 2024.

After the IPO, no further grants will be made under the 2015 Stock Plan.

2024 Equity Incentive Plan

In February 2024, the Company’s board of directors adopted, and in April 2024, the Company’s stockholders approved, the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2024 Plan”), which became effective in connection with the IPO in June 2024. The 2024 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, (“ISOs”) nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted stock unit awards (“RSAs”), performance-based awards (“PSUs”) and other awards. The maximum number of shares of Class A common stock that may be issued under the 2024 Plan is 7,430,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2025 and continuing through and including January 1, 2034 in an amount equal to either (i) a number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Evergreen Increase”), such that the sum of (x) the remaining number of shares available under the 2024 Plan and (y) the Evergreen Increase is equal to 5% of the total number of shares of common stock (both Class A and Class B) outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or (ii) a lesser number of shares determined by the Company’s board of directors prior to the applicable January 1. The maximum number of shares that may be issued upon the exercise of ISOs under the 2024 Plan is 22,290,000 shares.

Restricted Stock Units

The majority of RSUs vest over a period ofthree to five years, with a cliff vest after one year and ratable quarterly vesting thereafter. RSUs granted prior to the IPO were also subject to liquidity event vesting condition, as defined in the grant agreement, which was satisfied in connection with the IPO.

The table below summarizes restricted stock unit activity for thenine months ended September 30, 2024:

Stock-based compensation is classified as follows in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for thethree and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

DEBT

Term Loan Facility

On September 22, 2022, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Ares Capital Corporation (“Ares”) for a senior secured loan (the “Term Loan Facility”) in the amount of $175 million, less original issue discount of $4.4 million and deferred financing fees of $2.6 million. On April 25, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement, which was accounted for as a debt modification. The amendment to the Credit Agreement increased the Term Loan Facility by an aggregate principal amount of $50 million, less original issue discount of $1.3 million and increased the interest rate on the Term Loan Facility by 25 basis points. On October 11, 2023, the Company signed a second amendment to its Credit Agreement with Ares which provided an additional $35.0 million in term debt. The Company received $34.1 million in cash, which is the aggregate principal amount of $35.0 million less original issue discount of $0.9 million. Terms of the second amendment are consistent with existing terms of the Credit Agreement. The proceeds of the Term Loan Facility will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, to finance growth initiatives, to pay for operating expenses, and to pay the related transaction costs. The Term Loan Facility is due at maturity on September 22, 2027 and is subject to quarterly interest payments for Base Rate Loans and at the end of the applicable interest rate period for Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) Loans.

After the first three months from the effective date, each quarter, the Company has the option to convert the borrowing type to either a Base Rate Borrowing, which bears interest based on a Base Rate, defined as the greatest of the (a) the “Prime Rate” appearing the “Money Rates” section of the Wall Street Journal or another national publication selected by the Agent, (b) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (c) Term SOFR for a one-month tenor in effect on such day plus 1.00% in each instance as of such day and (d)2.00%, or a SOFR Borrowing, which bears interest based on Term SOFR. Additionally, the Company may make either a PIK election or a Cash election. Based on these elections, the Term Loan Facility will bear interest at one of the following rates:

(i)

the sum of the Base Rate plus an Applicable Rate of 4% per annum plus 3.25% per annum paid in-kind by adding the accrued interest to the outstanding principal balance on each interest payment date

(ii)

the Base Rate plus an Applicable Rate of 6.25% per annum

(iii)

the sum of the Term SOFR for the interest period plus an Applicable rate of 5% per annum plus 3.25% per annum paid in-kind by adding the accrued interest to the outstanding principal balance on each interest payment date

(iv)

the Term SOFR for the interest period in effect plus the Applicable Rate of 7.25% per annum

In addition, the Term Loan Facility contains customary representations and warranties, financial and other covenants, and events of default, including but not limited to, limitations on earnout, milestone, or deferred purchase obligations, dividends on preferred stock and stock repurchases, cash investments, and acquisitions. The Company is required to maintain a minimum liquidity of at least $25 million and maintain specified amounts of consolidated revenues for the trailing twelve-month period ending on the last day of each fiscal quarter. Minimum consolidated revenues increase each quarter. For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2025, the Company is required to generate consolidated revenues of $459.1 million and $594.1 million, respectively. The Company was in compliance with all covenants of the Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2024.

All obligations under the Term Loan Facility are guaranteed by the Company and secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company.

The original issue discount of $6.5 million and deferred financing fees of $2.6 million are amortized over the term of the underlying debt and unamortized amounts have been offset against long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheets. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the unamortized original issue discount was $4.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively, and the unamortized deferred financing fees were $1.5 million and $1.9 million, respectively.

Through September 30, 2024, the Company has not made any principal repayments on the Term Loan Facility. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company made $20.9 million in interest payments.

The Company recognized interest expense of $9.4 million and $27.7 million related to the Term Loan Facility, which represented an effective interest rate of 3.5% and 10.3%, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company recognized interest expense of $7.9 million and $19.9 million related to the Term Loan Facility, which represented an effective interest rate of 3.4% and 9.7%, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

Convertible Promissory Note

On June 22, 2020, in connection with entry into an agreement for use of Google LLC’s, or Google’s, Google Cloud Platform, the Company issued Google a convertible promissory note, or the Note, in the original principal amount of $330.0 million. On November 19, 2020, in connection with Series G-2 convertible preferred stock financing, the Company issued Google $80 million of Series G-2 preferred stock, at a 10% discount to the purchase price per share in such financing, in partial satisfaction of the outstanding principal amount under the Note, and the Company amended and restated the terms of the Note.

The amended and restated Note, or the Amended Note, has a principal amount of $250.0 million, and bears interest at the rate set forth therein. The principal amount is automatically reduced each year based on a formula taking into account the aggregate value of the Google Cloud Platform services used by the Company. The Company accounts for the principal reductions as an offset to its cloud and compute spend within selling, general and administrative in its condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The outstanding principal and accrued interest under the Amended Note, or the Outstanding Amount, is due and payable on the earlier of (1)March 22, 2026, which is the maturity date of the Amended Note, (2) upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, and (3) upon the occurrence of an acceleration event, which includes any termination by the Company of its Google Cloud Platform agreement. The Company generally may not prepay the Outstanding Amount, except that the Company may, at its option, prepay the Outstanding Amount in an amount such that the principal amount remaining outstanding after such repayment is $150.0 million.

If the Amended Note is outstanding at the maturity date, Google may, at its option, convert the then outstanding principal amount and interest accrued under the Amended Note into a number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (1) the Outstanding Amount on the maturity date, by (2) the average of the last trading price on each trading day during thetwenty day period ending immediately prior to the maturity date.

The Company concluded that one of the conversion features meets the definition of an embedded derivative that is required to be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting. The fair value of the embedded derivative is not material and was therefore not bifurcated. As such, upon issuance of the Note the Company recorded a promissory note of $330.0 million. The Company recognized interest expense of $3.9 million and $4.1 million during the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The company recognized interest expense of $11.2 million and $11.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

NET LOSS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted average number of outstanding shares of Common Stock each period. The Company’s Class A common stock and Class B common stock share equally in distributed and undistributed earnings; therefore, no allocation to participating securities or dilutive securities is performed. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by giving effect to all potential dilutive Common Stock equivalents, which includes stock options, RSUs, RSAs, PSUs, and preferred stock. Because the Company incurred net losses each period, the basic and diluted calculations are the same. The Company used the if-converted method to calculate diluted EPS. As the Company had net losses in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, all potentially dilutive common stock equivalents have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders as their effect is anti-dilutive.

The following table presents the calculation for basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):

The following outstanding shares of common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share for each period, as the impact of including them would have been anti-dilutive. As disclosed in Note 9, the Company issued a warrant for $100 million in shares of the Company’s Class A common stock. As per the terms of the warrant, potentially dilutive shares are based on the latest equity financing price.

As disclosed in Note 11, the RSUs issued prior to the IPO include a liquidity event performance condition prior to vesting. As such, as of September 30, 2023, these are treated as contingently issuable shares and are excluded from potentially dilutive shares as the liquidity event performance condition was not yet satisfied. As the liquidity event performance condition was satisfied upon completion of the IPO, as of September 30, 2024, these shares are included in potentially dilutive shares.

As disclosed in Note 12, contingent upon certain financing events, the Amended Note will be converted to shares at the holder’s option, based on the amount outstanding at the maturity date, which is subject to reduction based on services used by us prior to the maturity date. As such, these are treated as contingently issuable shares and will be excluded from potential dilutive impact.

As disclosed in Note 10, the Company’s Series G-3 Preferred, Series G-4 Preferred and Series G-5 Preferred contain embedded conversion features resulted in the issuance of additional shares of Class A common stock upon completion of the IPO. The number of shares issued related to these features was dependent upon the IPO price. As such, prior to the IPO, these are treated as contingently issuable shares. Subsequent to the completion of the IPO in June 2024, the additional shares of Class A common stock are included in the weighted-average common shares outstanding.

INCOME TAXES

Accounting for income taxes for interim periods generally requires the provision for income taxes to be determined by applying an estimate of the annual effective tax rate for the full fiscal year to income or loss before income taxes, adjusted for discrete items, if any, for the reporting period. The Company updates its estimate of the annual effective tax rate each quarter and makes a cumulative adjustment in such period.

Income tax expense (benefit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is less than $0.2 million.

Due to the Company’s history of losses in the United States, a full valuation allowance on all of the Company’s deferred tax assets, including net operating loss carryforwards and other book versus tax differences, was maintained.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND MARKETABLE EQUITY SECURITIES

Fair Value Measurements

The carrying amounts of financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, finance lease obligations, minimum royalties, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying amounts of the related party receivable, finance lease obligations, and minimum royalties approximate fair value because the interest rates used fluctuate with market interest rates or the fixed rates are based on current rates offered to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities.

The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below:

Marketable equity securities—The Company holds marketable equity securities, all of which are publicly traded shares of common stock, which have quoted prices in active markets and are classified as short-term. The securities are measured at fair value each reporting period. The Company classifies the marketable equity securities as Level 1 as they are valued using quoted market prices at each reporting period.

Contingent consideration—The Company was subject to a contingent consideration arrangement to make a cash payment in an aggregate value of $1.0 million, contingent upon Mpirik reaching a revenue target of $1.5 million for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2023. See Note 4, Business Combinations, for further discussion of that acquisition.

The Company is also subject to a contingent consideration arrangement of 35,000 additional shares of non-voting common stock in connection with the SEngine acquisition, the amount of which is determined based on the per share price of the Company’s non-voting common stock in a liquidity event completed prior to December 31, 2027. The contingent consideration has an acquisition fair value date of $0.8 million. See Note 4, Business Combinations for further discussion of that acquisition.

Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred in the related business combination and subsequent changes in fair value recorded in earnings within operating expense on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The Company used a risk-neutral simulation model and option pricing framework to value the contingent consideration. Prior to the IPO, the Company classified the contingent consideration liabilities as Level 3 due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs such as probability-weighting of payment outcomes. Subsequent to the IPO completed in June 2024, the Company classified the contingent consideration arrangement of up to 35,000 additional shares of non-voting common stock as Level 1 as the shares are valued using a quoted market price.

Warrant asset—The Company received warrants from Personalis, which were exercised in August 2024. The warrant assets are measured at fair value each reporting period using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, which takes into consideration the price and volatility of Personalis Class A common stock. Changes in fair value are recorded in other (expense) income, net. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a gain of $26.0 million in other (expense) income, net due to the change in fair value of the warrant asset. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized a gain of $18.3 million in other (expense) income, net due to the change in fair value of the warrant asset. The Company classifies the warrant asset as Level 2 as they are valued using observable market prices of Personalis Class A common stock.

Warrant liability—As discussed in Note 9, the Company issued a $100 million warrant to AstraZeneca. The warrant liability is measured at fair value each reporting period, using a Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following table summarizes the assumptions used in the model as of September 30, 2024:

The Company classifies the warrant liability as Level 3 due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs such as the expected term.

The Term Loan Facility and the Note were not recorded at fair value. The fair values of the Term Loan Facility and the Note approximated their carrying values as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Estimates of the fair values of the Term Loan Facility and the Note are classified as Level 3 due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs.

The following tables summarize assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

The following tables provide a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the assets and liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) (in thousands):

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized a loss of $43.3 million and a gain of $2.3 million, respectively, in other (expense) income, net due to the change in the fair value of warrant liability determined by Level 3 valuation techniques. For thenine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized a loss of $42.4 million and a gain of $8.0 million, respectively, in other (expense) income, net due to the change in the fair value of warrant liability determined by Level 3 valuation techniques.

Marketable Equity Securities

The Company holds marketable equity securities, which are all publicly traded shares of Recursion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. ("Recursion") Class A common stock and Personalis common stock.

Recursion shares were received as payment of accounts receivable. During the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not sell any shares of Recursion Class A common stock. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company sold 1,725,902 shares of Recursion Class A common stock at a weighted average price of $13.38 per share for aggregate proceeds of $23.1 million.

As consideration for the Company's obligations to Personalis under the Commercialization and Reference Laboratory Agreement entered into with Personalis in November 2023, Personalis issued warrants to the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of 9,218,800 shares of Personalis' common stock, up to 4,609,400 of which were exercisable for cash at any time prior to December 31, 2024 at an exercise price of $1.50 per share, and up to 4,609,400 of which were exercisable for cash at any time prior to December 31, 2025 at an exercise price of $2.50 per share. In August 2024, the Company exercised the warrants in full at their respective exercise prices for an aggregate of 9,218,800 shares of Personalis common stock at an aggregate purchase price of $18.4 million. Concurrently, the Company entered into an Investment Agreement with Personalis, pursuant to which the Company purchased an additional 3,500,000 shares of Personalis common stock for $17.7 million. The Company owns less than 20% of Personalis' outstanding common stock and has no significant influence or control over Personalis.

Changes in fair value of marketable equity securities are recorded in earnings within other (expense) income, net on the condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss. The following summarizes the portion of unrealized gains recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 that relate to marketable equity securities held as of September 30, 2024 (in thousands). There wereno marketable equity securities outstanding as of September 30, 2023.

RELATED PARTIES

In 2018, the Company received $1.5 million from a related party for assuming an office lease from such party. The liability is amortized through the right-of-use asset as a reduction of rent expense over the lease term. The Company had a remaining related liability of $0.6 million and $0.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The Company subleases a portion of office space to this related party on a month-to-month basis. Sublease income received from the related party was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Strategic Investment

On August 19, 2021, the Company entered into a related party arrangement with Pathos AI, Inc. (“Pathos”), which was subsequently amended on February 12, 2024, for the purpose of furthering the commercialization efforts of drug development. Tempus received a warrant to purchase 23,456,790 shares, or approximately 19% of the current outstanding equity in Pathos, for $0.0125 per share. The warrant will automatically exercise upon a change of control (as defined therein) or upon an IPO of Pathos’ securities. The Company also has an optional exercise election window during the last 10 days of the 20 year term of the warrant agreement. The master agreement provides for an initial term of five years, measured from February 2024, with a subsequent five-year renewal provision unless the agreement is terminated. Either party may terminate the agreement after the initial five-year term by prior written notice to the other party.

In addition, the Company has entered into various agreements with Pathos, encompassing access to the Company's Lens product, sequencing, clinical research organization and other data services. The Company has recognized $2.4 million and $2.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The Company has recognized $0.1 million and $0.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

As of September 30, 2024, the amount due to related parties was less than $0.1 million and as of December 31, 2023, there wasno amount due to related parties. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount due from related parties was $2.0 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On November 4, 2024, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with REALM IDx, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Seller”), and Seller’s ultimate parent, Konica Minolta, Inc., a Japanese corporation, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase all of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Ambry Genetics Corporation, a Delaware corporation (“Ambry”), a leader in genetic testing that aims to improve health by understanding the relationship between genetics and disease (the “Acquisition”). Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement, consideration for the Acquisition consists of $375.0 million in cash, subject to adjustment for cash, unpaid indebtedness, unpaid transaction expenses and net working capital of Ambry (the “Cash Consideration”), plus the issuance of an aggregate of 4,843,136 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Stock Consideration”),2,152,505 of which shares will be subject to a lock-up for a period of one year following the closing date of the Acquisition. In addition, $5.0 million of the Cash Consideration will be held in an escrow account for purposes of satisfying any post-closing purchase price adjustments. The Acquisition is expected to close in the first quarter of 2025, subject to the satisfaction of closing conditions contained in the Purchase Agreement, including receipt of all required regulatory approvals.

In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into a debt commitment letter, dated November 4, 2024 (the “Commitment Letter”), with Ares, pursuant to which Ares has committed to provide (i) a $100.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) and (ii) additional term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million (the “Additional Term Loan”). The Company expects to utilize borrowings under the Additional Term Loan and the Revolving Credit Facility to fund the Cash Consideration for the Acquisition and to pay fees and expenses related thereto. Ares’ obligation to provide the contemplated financings is subject to a number of customary conditions contained in the Commitment Letter, including the execution of definitive documentation contemplated by the Commitment Letter and the closing of the Acquisition substantially simultaneously with the initial borrowings under the Additional Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility.

NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our future results of operations or financial condition, business strategy and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will” or “would” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions. These forward- looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements concerning the following:

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the evolving treatment paradigm for cancer, including physicians’ use of molecular data and targeted oncology therapeutics and the market size for our current and future products;

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our ability to expand our business beyond oncology into new disease areas;

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estimates of our addressable market and our expectations regarding our revenue, expenses, capital requirements and operating results;

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our ability to develop new products and services, including our goals and strategy regarding development and commercialization of AI Applications;

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our ability to maintain and grow our datasets, including in new disease areas and geographies;

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any expectation that the growth of our datasets will improve the quality of our products and services and accelerate their adoption;

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our ability to capture, aggregate, analyze or otherwise utilize genomic data in new ways and in additional diagnostic modalities;

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any expectation that we will continue to commercialize de-identified records and license them to multiple customers;

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the acceptance of our publications in peer-reviewed journals or of our presentations at scientific and medical conference presentations;

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the implementation of our business model and strategic plans for our products, technologies and businesses;

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competitive companies and technologies and our industry;

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the potential of Intelligent Diagnostics to be disruptive across a broad set of disease areas and the clinical trial process;

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our ability to manage and grow our business by expanding our sales to existing customers or introducing our products to new customers;

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third-party payer reimbursement and coverage decisions, including our strategy to increase reimbursement;

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our ability to establish and maintain intellectual property protection for our products or avoid claims of infringement;

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potential effects of evolving and/or extensive government regulation;

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the timing or likelihood of regulatory filings and approvals;

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our ability to hire and retain key personnel;

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our ability to expand internationally, including through our joint venture, SB Tempus, in Japan;

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our ability to successfully acquire businesses, form joint ventures or make investments in companies or technologies;

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our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, including our trade secret protected proprietary rights in our platform;

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our ability to service or pay down existing or future debt obligations;

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our anticipated cash needs and our needs for additional financing;

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anticipated trends and challenges in our business and the markets in which we operate; and

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the expiration or release of lock-up agreements or market standoff agreements, anticipation of such events, and sales of shares of our Class A common stock by our stockholders.

You should not rely on forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition and operating results. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results, events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.

In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. And while we believe that information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, that information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments.